EP0521042A1 - Electrolessly deposited metal holograms - Google Patents
Electrolessly deposited metal hologramsInfo
- Publication number
- EP0521042A1 EP0521042A1 EP19910906231 EP91906231A EP0521042A1 EP 0521042 A1 EP0521042 A1 EP 0521042A1 EP 19910906231 EP19910906231 EP 19910906231 EP 91906231 A EP91906231 A EP 91906231A EP 0521042 A1 EP0521042 A1 EP 0521042A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- relief
- holographic
- metal
- patterned
- polymeric substrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(II) acetate Substances [Pd].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O LXNAVEXFUKBNMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012704 polymeric precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KOUDKOMXLMXFKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxido(oxo)phosphanium hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[O-][PH+]=O KOUDKOMXLMXFKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/0252—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/024—Hologram nature or properties
- G03H1/0244—Surface relief holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
- G03H2250/36—Conform enhancement layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
- G03H2250/39—Protective layer
Definitions
- holograms comprising a relief-patterned metal surface electrolessly deposited to conform to a relief-patterned polymeric substrate. Also disclosed are methods for producing electrolessly deposited metal holograms. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Holograms and other types of diffraction gratings comprising reflective metal surface on a relief-patterned substrate are commonly used for decorative packaging, artistic images and security devices, e.g. on credit cards, currency and other official documents. Such holograms can be prepared by a variety of methods such as embossing deformable metal foil laminates with a holographic image stamp. Due to the resilience of laminate components, such embossed holograms tend to be of poor quality especially when subjected to elevated temperatures.
- a holographic polymeric substrate is formed by casting and curing a polymer precursor in contact with a holographic relief-patterned mold to form a polymeric substrate with a holographic relief- patterned surface; a metal reflective surface is then deposited on the relief-patterned surface, e.g. by vapor deposition techniques.
- the resulting relief- patterned metal surface serves to reflect incident light into a reconstructed image of the hologram.
- a disadvantage of such metal deposition is the requirement to conduct such metal deposition in a vacuum environment and to mask areas where metal deposition is not desired especially if the hologram is mounted on a document.
- An object of this invention is to provide such reflective metal holograms which can be prepared by metal deposition techniques that do not require vacuum environments or masking.
- One method for depositing metal onto polymeric substrates is electroless deposition.
- electroless deposition of metal has some disadvantages which do not commend it to such hologram preparation. For instance, many techniques for electroless deposition of metal onto plastics require etching to achieve a effective level of adhesion; such etching, e.g. with strong acids or solvents, can destroy the holographic relief pattern of the polymeric substrate surface.
- electroless deposition techniques often utilize catalytic materials of a size on the order of magnitude of the holographic relief pattern; deposition of dispersed particulate catalytic materials can distort the reproduction of the holographic relief pattern in the metal coating.
- this invention provides a hologram comprising a relief-patterned metal surface electrolessly-deposited to conform to a relief-patterned polymeric substrate, whereby light incident to the surface of said metal opposite to said polymeric substrate is reflected to provide a holographic reproduction of a holographic image inherent in said relief-patterned polymeric substrate.
- metal surface is provided in a thin, conforming layer that reproduces the holographic relief- patterned surface of the polymeric substrate by electroless deposition techniques.
- This invention also provides methods of preparing electrolessly deposited metal holograms, e.g. preparing a polymeric substrate having a holographic relief-patterned surface and electrolessly depositing a conforming holographic metal reflective layer on said relief-patterned surface.
- a polymeric substrate having a holographic relief-patterned surface is prepared by casting and curing polymeric precursor in a holographic relief-patterned mold.
- the conforming holographic metal reflective surface is prepared by electrolessly depositing metal onto the holographic relief-patterned surface in a method comprising: (a) coating a holographic relief-patterned polymeric substrate surface with a film-forming solution of a polymer and a Group 8 metal;
- a polymeric substrate 1 which can be prepared by molding a molten thermoplastic, e.g. a high glass temperature thermoplastic such as a polyimide or polyetherketone , in a mold having a holographic relief pattern on its surface.
- a molten thermoplastic e.g. a high glass temperature thermoplastic such as a polyimide or polyetherketone
- such polymeric substrate can be prepared by casting and curing thermoset polymer precursor, e.g. crosslinkable material such as an acrylate, urethane or epoxy polymer precursor, in a mold having a holographic relief pattern.
- Methods for preparing such substrates are known in the art and are disclosed by D'Amato et al. in European Patent Publication 0 338 378, the specification of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- Conforming to the holographic relief pattern of the polymeric substrate is an electrolessly deposited metal layer 2 which provides reflective surfaces from which incident light can be reflected into a reconstructed image of the hologram inherent in the holographic relief pattern.
- electroless deposition techniques are inherently incompatible for use in preparing holographic metal surfaces. It has been discovered that electroless deposition techniques such as those disclosed by
- the improved electroless deposition methods of this invention comprise: (a) coating a holographic relief-patterned polymeric substrate 1 with a film- forming solution, preferably substantially aqueous, comprising a polymer, e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, and a
- Group 8 metal e.g. a palladium salt
- drying said film-forming solution to form a polymeric film essentially conforming to and reproducing said holographic relief pattern
- heating said polymeric film by exposure to a temperature of at least about 200° C to provide a catalytic surface thereon;
- applying to said catalytic surface an electroless depositing metal solution for a contact time of less than 20 seconds to electrolessly deposit thereon a metal surface 2 which essentially conforms to and reproduces said holographic relief pattern.
- the drying and heating can be simultaneously effected.
- the contact time for applying said electroless deposition solution should be sufficient to electrolessly deposit a metal layer 2 in sufficient thickness, e.g. at least about 5 nanometers thick, to provide a mirror like surface and sufficiently thin, e.g. not more than about 300 nanometers thick so as to not obscure the underlying holographic image.
- a balance of good reproduction of the holographic image and durability of a mirror like finish is achieved when the metal layer is between about 10 and 100 nanometers thick. Most preferred metal layers are about 20 to 60 nanometers thick.
- Preferred contacts times are less than 10 seconds, more preferably less than 5 seconds.
- the contact time can be effectively reduced by adjusting the electroless deposition environment, e.g. by elevating temperatures of the substrate and the electroless deposition solution for instance up to about 80 - 90" C.
- Useful metals for the electrolessly deposited layer include nickel, cobalt, copper, palladium, silver, platinum and gold which can be applied as a single metal layer or a laminate of metal layers.
- the metal layer can be optionally overcoated with a protective wear layer, e.g of a clear acrylate or urethane topcoat which does not interfere with the transmission of light to and from the metal layer.
- An advantage of the electrolessly deposited holograms of this invention is the application of methods of preparation thereof to continuous processing of web material containing such holograms including web material comprising holograms of extended length as on artistic or decorative sheets and web material comprising holograms on selected areas of the web as on security documents.
- Such continuous processes are disclosed in European Patent Publication 0 338 378 referred to hereinabove.
- the electroless deposition methods can be effected by applying the film forming solution and electrolessly depositing metal solutions from solution saturated surfaces in register with a moving web so as to contact the holographic relief surface of the polymeric substrate and catalyzed relief surface, respectively.
- EXAMPLE This example illustrates the electroless deposition of a nickel onto a relief-patterned polymeric substrate.
- a catalytic metal solution was prepared from
- a water soluble polymer solution was prepared from 0.12 g polyvinylalcohol (125,000 M.W. , 88 mole % hydrolyzed) and 0.013 g Triton X-100 polyoxyethylene surfactant (Rohm & Haas) and about 6 ml water.
- a polymeric substrate having a hologram generating relief-patterned surface was coated by wiping the surface with a sponge saturated with the film forming solution.
- the film forming solution was dried by holding the dry side of the polymeric substrate in a 220" C air stream for about 10 seconds to provide a catalytic surface on the hologram generating relief- patterned surface.
- the polymeric substrate was placed on a 95° C surface while the catalytic surface was covered for about 5 seconds with a solution of electroless depositing nickel solution (obtained from MacDer id, Inc. identified as XD7054EN) comprising 6 g/l nickel and 30 g/l sodium hypophosphite monohydrate adjusted to pH 5.5 with ammonium hydroxide solution and maintained at about 80° C. After the 5 second exposure, the nickel solution was rinsed off with water providing a reflective holographic nickel surface.
- electroless depositing nickel solution obtained from MacDer id, Inc. identified as XD7054EN
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
Abstract
Hologrammes métalliques à dépôt autocatalytique comportant un substrat polymère (1) présentant une surface à relief holographique et une couche métallique réfléchissante (2) déposée de manière autocatalytique pour qu'elle s'adapte au relief holographique et reproduise celui-ci. La lumière incidente sur la surface métallique est réfléchie pour donner une représentation holographique d'une image holographique inhérente audit substrat polymère à relief.Metallic holograms with autocatalytic deposition comprising a polymer substrate (1) having a surface with holographic relief and a reflective metallic layer (2) deposited in an autocatalytic manner so that it adapts to the holographic relief and reproduces it. The light incident on the metal surface is reflected to give a holographic representation of a holographic image inherent in said relief polymer substrate.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US49816390A | 1990-03-22 | 1990-03-22 | |
US497960 | 1990-03-22 | ||
US498163 | 1990-03-22 | ||
US07/497,960 US5087510A (en) | 1990-03-22 | 1990-03-22 | Electrolessly deposited metal holograms |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0521042A1 true EP0521042A1 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
Family
ID=27052660
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19910906231 Withdrawn EP0521042A1 (en) | 1990-03-22 | 1991-02-26 | Electrolessly deposited metal holograms |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0521042A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH05505887A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1055247A (en) |
AU (1) | AU641231B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2077536A1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL97630A0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1991014975A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6867983B2 (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2005-03-15 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Radio frequency identification device and method |
GB0902398D0 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2009-04-01 | Conductive Inkjet Tech Ltd | Diffractive optical elements |
CN108463519B (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2020-12-25 | 杨军 | Thin film coating composition and coating method |
KR102696144B1 (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2024-08-20 | (주) 제이피이 | Color Changeable Interior film and method of manufacturing the same using nano pattern |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3585113A (en) * | 1965-12-23 | 1971-06-15 | Rca Corp | Process for fabricating replicating masters |
NL8304084A (en) * | 1983-11-29 | 1985-06-17 | Philips Nv | METHOD FOR APPLYING A METAL MIRROR. |
KR860009325A (en) * | 1985-05-07 | 1986-12-22 | 기다지마 요시도시 | Transparent Hologram |
US4900618A (en) * | 1986-11-07 | 1990-02-13 | Monsanto Company | Oxidation-resistant metal coatings |
GB8803252D0 (en) * | 1988-02-12 | 1988-03-09 | Markem Syst Ltd | Method of manufacturing relief holograms |
-
1991
- 1991-02-26 JP JP91506040A patent/JPH05505887A/en active Pending
- 1991-02-26 EP EP19910906231 patent/EP0521042A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-02-26 CA CA002077536A patent/CA2077536A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-02-26 AU AU74780/91A patent/AU641231B2/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
- 1991-02-26 WO PCT/US1991/001262 patent/WO1991014975A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-03-21 CN CN91101847A patent/CN1055247A/en active Pending
- 1991-03-21 IL IL97630A patent/IL97630A0/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9114975A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IL97630A0 (en) | 1992-06-21 |
AU7478091A (en) | 1991-10-21 |
AU641231B2 (en) | 1993-09-16 |
CA2077536A1 (en) | 1991-09-23 |
CN1055247A (en) | 1991-10-09 |
WO1991014975A1 (en) | 1991-10-03 |
JPH05505887A (en) | 1993-08-26 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19920910 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: MORGAN, ALBERT, WAYNE Inventor name: TAYLOR, DAVID, LAWRENCE Inventor name: TOKAS, EDWARD, FRANCIS Inventor name: VAUGHN, GEORGE, DOUGLAS |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19940901 |