CN1055247A - The metal holograms of electroless deposition - Google Patents
The metal holograms of electroless deposition Download PDFInfo
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- CN1055247A CN1055247A CN91101847A CN91101847A CN1055247A CN 1055247 A CN1055247 A CN 1055247A CN 91101847 A CN91101847 A CN 91101847A CN 91101847 A CN91101847 A CN 91101847A CN 1055247 A CN1055247 A CN 1055247A
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- metal
- holographic
- electroless deposition
- pattern
- burr
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 ammonia ester Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001093 holography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000406668 Loxodonta cyclotis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010291 electrical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012704 polymeric precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/0252—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
- G03H1/024—Hologram nature or properties
- G03H1/0244—Surface relief holograms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
- G03H2250/36—Conform enhancement layer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
- G03H2250/39—Protective layer
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
Abstract
The metal holograms of electroless deposition, comprise a polymeric matrix that has with the pattern surface of holographic burr, and the metallic reflector of one deck electroless deposition, this layer duplicates described holographic burr pattern and conformal with it, the light that incides this metal surface is reflected, thereby provide the hologram image that duplicates, visual identical on the polymeric matrix of this image and described band burr pattern.
Description
The present invention relates to hologram, comprise the metal surface that the burr pattern is arranged, make it and conformal with the polymeric matrix of burr pattern by no electric mode deposit.Also relate to the method for producing the electroless deposition metal holograms.
Hologram and other type diffraction grating of being included in the reflecting metal surface on the matrix that is printed on the burr pattern are applied on ornamental packing, art image and the security personnel's equipment usually, for example credit card, negotiable instrument and other official document.This holographic pattern can be prepared by several different methods, for example impresses deformable metal foil layer compound with a kind of holographic imaging die.Because the elasticity of this laminated component, the hologram that is impressed trends towards bad, is being subjected to the situation of high temperature especially.
Another kind method is that the European patent of D ' Amato etc. discloses 0338378 disclosed method, wherein forming the holographic polymer matrix is casting system and curing and the contacted polymer precursor of holographic burr pattern mould, forms the polymeric matrix with holographic burr pattern surface; On this metal reflective surface of burr pattern surface deposition, for example adopt vapor deposition techniques then.It is the reflection incident light that gained has the effect of the metal surface of burr pattern, makes it to become reconstructing of this hologram and resembles.The shortcoming of such metal deposit is to carry out the metal deposit in vacuum environment, and need shelter the position of not preparing depositing metal, especially the situation of hologram on a file.
The object of the present invention is to provide the holographic pattern of such reflective metal, the metal deposition methods that it adopted does not need to carry out in a vacuum, does not need to shelter yet.One of method of depositing metal is the electroless deposition method on polymeric matrix.Then, the electroless deposition method has some shortcoming and does not recommend to be used to prepare this kind hologram.For example, many methods of electroless deposition metal all need to corrode to reach effective degree of adhesion on plastics; These corrosive attackes are for example corroded with strong acid or solvent, can destroy the holographic pattern of the lip-deep burr of polymeric matrix.In addition, electroless deposition techniques usually makes the material of apparatus catalytic action, and its grain size will be the same order of magnitude with this holography burr pattern; The deposit of dispersed particles shape catalytic specie can make the holographic burr pattern in the metallic coating distort when repeating to make.
The present invention got rid of multiple electroless deposition techniques intrinsic shortcoming, hologram provided by the present invention comprise electroless deposition tool burr pattern the metal surface and with one have the polymeric matrix of burr pattern conformal, thereby the incident ray towards the described metal surface that is affixed on described polymeric matrix is reflected, provide with the described polymeric matrix that the burr pattern arranged on the holographic pattern that reappears fully of original holographic image.The gained metal surface is a film and conformal one deck is the holographic burr pattern surface of duplicating this polymeric matrix by electroless deposition techniques.
The present invention also provides the method for producing the electroless deposition metal holograms, for example prepares the polymeric matrix on the holographic burr pattern of tool surface, and not have electric mode at the conformal holographic metallic reflector of described burr pattern surface deposition.In a preferred version, prepare polymeric matrix with holographic burr pattern surface by means of casting and cure polymer precursor in a holographic burr pattern model.The manufacturing on described conformal holographic metallic reflection surface is that this method comprises by a kind of method electroless deposition metal on this holography burr pattern surface:
(a) film forming solution with a kind of polymkeric substance and a kind of the 8th family's metal is coated with the polymer-matrix surface that holographic burr pattern is arranged;
(b) with described film forming solution drying, form a polymer film, it is conformal in fact and reappear described holographic burr pattern;
(c) heat described polymer film, the surface of a tool catalytic action is provided thereon;
(d) apply the electroless deposition metallic solution on described catalytic action surface, experience the enough time, there not being electric mode metal surface of deposit thereon, this surface is conformal in fact and reappear described holographic burr pattern.The metal level of this electroless deposition makes the light (this surface is to be close to the polymeric matrix that this has holographic burr pattern) of the metal surface incide this holographic copy be reflected, and providing with described has a reproduction holographic image identical in the polymeric matrix of burr pattern.
Fig. 1 is the metal holograms synoptic diagram by electroless deposition of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 1, a polymeric matrix 1 is wherein arranged, and it can be made by the thermoplastic material of molded fusing, for example uses the very high thermoplastic material of a kind of glass transition temperature, as polyamide or polyetherketone (polyetherketone), have from the teeth outwards in the mould of holographic burr pattern and make.Preferably, this polymeric matrix can and solidify and makes by thermoset polymeric precursors casting, for example with crosslinkable material for example acrylate, ammonia ester or epoxy polymer precursor, makes in the mould with holographic burr pattern.The method for preparing this kind matrix is known in the art, and equals person disclosed in the EP-A-0338378 as D ' Amato, and as the reference of this paper.
By no electrical method metals deposited layer 2 be with this polymeric matrix on holographic burr pattern conformal, the layer 2 cremasteric reflex surface, incident light can become reconstituted the elephant from this surface reflection, this resembles identical with this holography burr pattern.As noted before, it itself is not to be suitable for the holographic metal surface of preparation that multiple electroless deposition techniques is arranged.Be surprised to find that already, such as the reference of this two document of US-A-07/454565(of US 4910072, the Vaughn of Morgan etc. as this paper) to be used to prepare holographic metal surface be effectively and advantageous.The improved electroless deposition method of this invention comprises: (a) be coated with the polymeric matrix 1 of holographic burr pattern with a kind of film forming solution, this solution is water quality basically preferably, wherein contains the salt of a kind of polymkeric substance such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and a kind of the 8th family's metal such as palladium; (b) described film forming solution is dry and become the one layer of polymeric film, this film conformal in and reappear described holographic burr pattern; (c) described polymer film is heated at least about 200 ℃, makes and produce the catalytic action surface on it; (d) apply the electroless deposition metallic solution on described catalytic action surface, be shorter than 20 seconds its duration of contact, and the electroless deposition metal surface 2 thereon, its essence conformal in and reappear described holographic burr pattern.Described drying and heating can be carried out simultaneously.
The duration of contact that applies described electroless deposition solution should be enough there not to be the metal level 2 of electric mode deposit adequate thickness, for example be at least about 5 millimicrons of thickness, so that a kind of surface like minute surface to be provided, but as to enough approach, for example be not thicker than about 300 millimicrons, and do not cause the holographic image of bottom unclear.When this metal layer thickness is between about 10 to 100 millimicrons the time, then the permanance of the reappearance of this holographic image and specular surface reaches good equilibrium.Preferred metal layer thickness is about 20 to 60 millimicrons.Be shorter than 5 second for being shorter than 10 seconds, being more preferably preferred duration of contact.By adjusting the environment of electroless deposition, can shorten duration of contact effectively, for example can improve the temperature of matrix and electroless deposition solution, for example can be up to about 80-90 ℃.
The available metal of this electroless deposition layer comprises nickel, cobalt, copper, palladium, silver, platinum, gold, can deposit one deck, or the multiple layer metal layer.Can choose wantonly and on this metal level, apply a wear-resistant protective layer again, for example transparent acrylate or ammonia ester finishing coat, they do not disturb to this metal level and import light into and spread out of light by this metal.
The advantage of electroless deposition hologram of the present invention is that its preparation method can adopt the continuous method for processing of width of cloth material that contains hologram, comprise and use the width of cloth material have very long hologram or artistic work or cosmetic sheet, and at the selection part of the width of cloth material hologram to be arranged be the width of cloth material of security personnel's file purposes.This kind continuation method is indicated among the above-mentioned EP-A-0338378.The enforcement of this electroless deposition method can with advance under the width of cloth material situation of aiming at, by applying this film forming solution and to by the saturated surface application electroless deposition metallic solution of solution, thereby in two sections, contact with catalytic action burr surface with the holographic burr surface of this polymeric matrix respectively.
Illustrate schemes more of the present invention and aspect by following embodiment, but be not limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment
Electroless deposition nickel on polymeric matrix.
With 0.1 acid chloride (II), 2.0 millimeters water and 10 milliliters of acetone are prepared the catalytic action metallic solution.Prepare water-soluble polymer solution with 0.12 gram polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (125000 molecular weight, 88 moles of % degree of hydrolysis), 0.013 gram Triton X-100 polyoxyethylene surfactant (Rohm ﹠ Hass), about 6 ml waters.This catalytic action metallic solution is sneaked into this water-soluble polymer solution, add 50 milliliters of wash-down waters and 0.25 milliliter of triethylamine subsequently, be made into the film forming solution of water quality basically.To have the polymeric matrix that burr pattern surface is arranged that produces hologram and be coated with, and be to use full sponge of dipping in this film forming solution to come obliterating to get on.The one side of doing that clamps this polymeric matrix with this film forming solution drying, is lasted about 10 seconds in 220 ℃ of airflows, at this generations hologram generation catalytic action surface, burr pattern surface arranged.This polymeric matrix placed on one 95 ℃ the surface, covering this catalytic action surface with the electroless deposition nickel solution simultaneously, (this solution is supplied by Mac Dermid Inc. about 5 seconds, Article Number XD 7054 EN), the nickel and the 30 grams per liter sodium hypophosphite monohydrates that wherein contain 6 grams per liters, and to regulate pH with Ammonia be 5.5, keeps 80 ℃.After contacting for 5 seconds, the nickel solution water is rinsed out, obtain the reflective holographic nickel surface of energy.
Though described concrete scheme herein, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that and under the situation that does not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make various change scheme.Therefore, include these change schemes in this whole inventive concept scope by following claims.
Claims (16)
1, a kind of hologram, the burr pattern metal surface that comprises an electroless deposition, this surface and one have the polymeric matrix of burr pattern conformal, thereby the light that incides this metal surface that is adjacent to described polymeric matrix is reflected, a kind of holographic copy image is provided, and this image is identical with burr pattern on the described polymeric matrix.
2, by the hologram of claim 1, wherein said have the polymeric matrix of burr pattern to comprise a kind of crosslinked polymkeric substance.
3, by the hologram of claim 2, the metal of wherein said electroless deposition comprises nickel, cobalt, copper, palladium, silver, platinum or gold.
4, by the hologram of claim 1, the metal layer thickness of wherein said electroless deposition is 5 to 300 millimicrons.
5, a kind of hologram, comprise one with the contacted reflecting metal of the polymeric matrix that the burr pattern is arranged surface, its improvements are that wherein said reflecting metal surface is not to be deposited on the described polymeric matrix that the burr pattern arranged there to be electric mode, thereby provide the surface that produces hologram image at two faces, described two sides is that this has the polymer-matrix dignity of burr pattern and the opposite of described metal surface, the light that wherein incides two sides, described metal surface is reflected, a kind of holographic copy image is provided, and this image is identical with burr pattern on the described polymeric matrix.
6, a kind of method for preparing the metal holograms of electroless deposition comprises:
(a) form polymeric matrix with holographic burr pattern surface;
(b) on this matrix there not being metal level of electric mode deposit, this layer reappears described holographic burr pattern and conformal with it.
7, by the method for claim 6, the formation of wherein said matrix is by casting in the mould that holographic burr pattern is arranged at and solidifies crosslinkable polymer precursor and form.
8, by the method for claim 7, wherein said electroless deposition process comprises:
(a) be coated with described holographic burr pattern surface with the film forming solution that contains a kind of polymkeric substance and a kind of the 8th family's metal;
(b) with described film forming solution drying, form a polymer film, this film reappears described holographic burr pattern and conformal with it in fact;
(c) with described polymer film heating, provide a catalytic action surface thereon;
(d) to a kind of electroless deposition metallic solution of described catalytic action surface application, thereby there not to be electric mode deposit layer of metal thereon, this layer metal reappears described holographic burr pattern and conformal with it in fact;
The light that wherein incides on the metal surface that is affixed to this polymeric matrix with holographic burr pattern is reflected, and the hologram image that duplicates is provided, and this image is identical with pattern on the described polymeric matrix that the burr pattern arranged.
9, by the method for claim 8, wherein said heating is by described polymer film being touched the temperature at least about 200 ℃, thereby a catalytic action surface is provided thereon.
10, press the method for claim 8, wherein said electroless deposition metallic solution is on the described catalytic action of the paint surface, be shorter than 20 seconds its duration of contact, thus on this surface there not being electric mode deposit layer of metal, this layer metal duplicates described holographic burr pattern and conformal with it.
11, by the method for claim 9, wherein said drying and heating is to finish simultaneously at least about 200 ℃ temperature by contacting.
12, by the method for claim 8, wherein said have the polymeric matrix of burr pattern to comprise a kind of crosslinked polymkeric substance.
13, by the method for claim 8, the metal of wherein said electroless deposition comprises nickel, cobalt, copper, palladium, silver, platinum or gold.
14, by the method for claim 8, wherein said to apply a kind of electroless deposition solution be to carry out the enough time, is 5 to 300 millimicrons electroless deposition metal level so that thickness to be provided.
15, by the method for claim 8, wherein said film forming solution is water quality basically.
16, by the method for claim 8, wherein prepare a plurality of described holograms on the width of cloth material in is moved.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US49816390A | 1990-03-22 | 1990-03-22 | |
| US497,960 | 1990-03-22 | ||
| US07/497,960 US5087510A (en) | 1990-03-22 | 1990-03-22 | Electrolessly deposited metal holograms |
| US498,163 | 1990-03-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1055247A true CN1055247A (en) | 1991-10-09 |
Family
ID=27052660
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN91101847A Pending CN1055247A (en) | 1990-03-22 | 1991-03-21 | The metal holograms of electroless deposition |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0521042A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH05505887A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1055247A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU641231B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2077536A1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL97630A0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991014975A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108463519A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2018-08-28 | 杨军 | Film coating composition and painting method |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6867983B2 (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2005-03-15 | Avery Dennison Corporation | Radio frequency identification device and method |
| GB0902398D0 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2009-04-01 | Conductive Inkjet Tech Ltd | Diffractive optical elements |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3585113A (en) * | 1965-12-23 | 1971-06-15 | Rca Corp | Process for fabricating replicating masters |
| NL8304084A (en) * | 1983-11-29 | 1985-06-17 | Philips Nv | METHOD FOR APPLYING A METAL MIRROR. |
| EP0609683A1 (en) * | 1985-05-07 | 1994-08-10 | Dai Nippon Insatsu Kabushiki Kaisha | Relief hologram and process for producing a relief hologram |
| US4900618A (en) * | 1986-11-07 | 1990-02-13 | Monsanto Company | Oxidation-resistant metal coatings |
| GB8803252D0 (en) * | 1988-02-12 | 1988-03-09 | Markem Syst Ltd | Method of manufacturing relief holograms |
-
1991
- 1991-02-26 WO PCT/US1991/001262 patent/WO1991014975A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-02-26 AU AU74780/91A patent/AU641231B2/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
- 1991-02-26 EP EP19910906231 patent/EP0521042A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-02-26 JP JP91506040A patent/JPH05505887A/en active Pending
- 1991-02-26 CA CA002077536A patent/CA2077536A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-03-21 CN CN91101847A patent/CN1055247A/en active Pending
- 1991-03-21 IL IL97630A patent/IL97630A0/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108463519A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2018-08-28 | 杨军 | Film coating composition and painting method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH05505887A (en) | 1993-08-26 |
| AU641231B2 (en) | 1993-09-16 |
| IL97630A0 (en) | 1992-06-21 |
| CA2077536A1 (en) | 1991-09-23 |
| WO1991014975A1 (en) | 1991-10-03 |
| EP0521042A1 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
| AU7478091A (en) | 1991-10-21 |
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