EP0519785A1 - Firearm percussion device - Google Patents

Firearm percussion device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0519785A1
EP0519785A1 EP92401602A EP92401602A EP0519785A1 EP 0519785 A1 EP0519785 A1 EP 0519785A1 EP 92401602 A EP92401602 A EP 92401602A EP 92401602 A EP92401602 A EP 92401602A EP 0519785 A1 EP0519785 A1 EP 0519785A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
striker
firing
ammunition
breech
moving part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92401602A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0519785B1 (en
Inventor
Georges Simon
Marc Rochelle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CTA International SAS
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
CTA International SAS
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Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA, CTA International SAS filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0519785A1 publication Critical patent/EP0519785A1/en
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Publication of EP0519785B1 publication Critical patent/EP0519785B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/13—Percussion or firing pins, i.e. fixed or slidably-mounted striker elements; Mountings therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a percussion device for a firearm of the type comprising a chamber for receiving ammunition, the base of which is provided with a firing primer.
  • the percussion devices equipping small or medium caliber firearms generally include a striker guided in translation in a breech comprising a firing bowl on which the base of the ammunition to be fired is normally applied.
  • the striker or the percussion assembly consisting of the striker itself and a percussion mass, is associated with displacement means between an arming position where the striker is recessed in the breech and a firing position where the point of the striker protrudes into the firing bowl to strike the primer of the ammunition.
  • this projection of the point of the striker is determined in a precise manner, by a minimum value making it possible in all cases to ensure the functioning of the primer, and by a maximum value such that the primer does not risk be punctured by the striker (which would cause dangerous gas leaks).
  • the stroke of the striker is limited by a stop on the breech, so that the projection of the point of the striker on the firing bowl is constant.
  • Swiss Patent 666,119 describes a percussion device for a firearm, this device comprising means for taking up play between the breech and the base of an ammunition, these means being constituted by a part which is movable in the breech and axially traversed by the striker, so as to be driven by it and to be applied to the base of the ammunition by defining a constant projection of the point of the striker for firing the primer of the ammunition.
  • the subject of the invention is in particular a percussion device which is not subject to these drawbacks, while allowing the play between a shooting bowl and the base of an ammunition to be taken up.
  • the invention also relates to a device of this type, in which the projection of the point of the striker in the firing position is determined very precisely, so as not to risk perforating the primer of an ammunition.
  • the invention also relates to a device of this type which can be used with an electric firearm.
  • the invention provides, for this purpose, a device for percussion of ammunition for a firearm, the ammunition comprising a base provided with a primer and the weapon comprising a breech comprising a firing bowl intended normally to be applied on the base of the ammunition, a striker guided in translation in the breech and comprising a point intended to strike the primer of the ammunition, means for moving the striker between an arming position where the striker is set back in the breech and a firing position where the point of the striker protrudes into the firing bowl to strike the primer of the ammunition, means for taking up play between the firing bowl and the ammunition, these means comprising a part axially traversed by the striker and displaceable in translation in the breech to occupy a firing position in which its front end protrudes from the firing cup and rests on the base of the ammunition, the projection of the tip of the striker relative to the front end of the movable part in the firing position being defined invariably by the striker stop on the movable piece, characterized in that stop
  • the stops provided on the movable part and on the striker allow the movable part to be moved forwards for automatic adjustment of the clearance between the firing cup and the base of the ammunition, they also limit the movement of the striker forward with respect to the moving part, so that the projection of the striker on the moving part remains fixed at a predetermined value, chosen so as not to risk perforating the primer, and they also make it possible to automatically retract the moving part in the breech when the striker is returned to the cocking position.
  • a compression spring surrounding the striker is interposed between the rear end of the movable part and a stop associated with the striker.
  • Such a spring keeps the moving part in the retracted position when the striker is in the cocking position, so as not to impede the supply of ammunition into the weapon chamber and also allow movement of the moving part towards the front for catching the aforementioned game, when the striker leaves its cocking position to gain its firing position.
  • the stop associated with the striker is a ring movable axially relative to the striker and relative to the movable part.
  • the forward movement of this ring relative to the moving part is limited by a stop integral with the moving part.
  • the rear end of the movable part comprises a cylindrical sleeve in which the compression spring and the aforementioned movable ring are housed.
  • the device according to the invention can be used both with a firearm of a conventional type in which the impact of the striker on the primer fires the latter, or with a weapon of the firing type electric, in which the striker is made of electrically conductive material and is then electrically isolated from the mass of the weapon.
  • FIG. 1 a percussion device of the prior art has been shown diagrammatically, which is guided in translation in a cylinder head 10 comprising a firing cup 12 on which the base normally applies ammunition (not shown) housed in the chamber of the weapon.
  • the percussion device comprises a striker 14 proper, the front end of which is formed by a point 16 intended to strike the primer of the ammunition, and the rear end of which is secured to a percussion mass 18 charged by a spring 20.
  • striker When the striker is in the firing position shown in FIG. 1, its tip 16 forms a projection S relatively small compared to the firing bowl 12, sufficient to cause the firing of the primer but not risking not perforate it.
  • This projection S is determined by construction and is defined by pressing a shoulder 22 of the striker on a part 24 secured to the cylinder head 10.
  • the invention notably makes it possible to overcome this drawback.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the device according to the invention, respectively in the cocking position and in the firing position.
  • This device comprises, as in the prior art, a striker 14, the front end of which comprises a point 16 and the rear end of which is secured to a percussion mass 18 loaded in the direction indicated by the arrow 26 by an appropriate means such as a spring or a mobile system.
  • the striker 14 is guided in translation through the breech 10 which comprises, on the side of the chamber of the weapon, a firing bowl 12.
  • the striker 14 is associated with a movable part 28 in which it is guided axially and which is itself guided in axial movement through the cylinder head 10.
  • the front end 30 of the moving part is of enlarged shape, for example frustoconical and has a straight front face 32 bearing on the base 34 of a munition 36 provided with a firing primer 38.
  • the firing bowl 12 comprises a frustoconical cavity 40 in which engages the frustoconical front end 30 of the moving part, in the withdrawn position.
  • the moving part 28 is formed by a cylindrical sleeve 42 which is traversed axially by the striker 14 and in which is housed a compression spring 44 the rear end of which bears on the rear wall of the sleeve 42, and the front end of which bears on a ring 46 which is movable relative to the striker 14 inside the bush 42.
  • the striker 14 comprises, inside the cylindrical sleeve 42, an annular rim 48 on which the ring 46 is applied under the action of the spring 44.
  • the ring 46 also has a cylindrical skirt 50 which extends forward and in which is received the annular flange 48 of the striker.
  • the front end of this skirt 50 is intended to come into abutment on a wall 52 closing the front end of the sleeve 42, and is located at a distance C from this wall 52 when the striker is in the cocking position shown in figure 2.
  • this device is as follows: when the striker is in the cocking position shown in FIG. 2, in which it is retained by an appropriate means, the front face 32 of the front end of the moving part 28 is at the level of the firing bowl 12 and does not does not protrude from it.
  • the striker 14 is set back, its point 16 being housed inside the part 28.
  • the ring 46 is supported on the annular rim 48 of the striker 14 and compresses the spring 44. In this position, the part 28 is therefore urged backwards, by the thrust exerted by the spring 44 on the rear end wall of the bush 42.
  • a munition 36 can be brought without difficulty inside the chamber of the weapon, its primer 38 then being aligned on the axis of the striker.
  • the striker When the striker is released, it leaves its cocking position and is pushed in the direction indicated by the arrow 26. At the start of this movement, the part 28 remains in the position shown in FIG. 2, until the ring 46 biased by the spring 44 has traveled the distance C and comes to bear on the front wall 52 of the sleeve 42. The annular flange 48 of the striker comes to bear on this wall 52, and begins to move the part 28 forwards from the position shown in FIG. 2. During this phase, the spring 44 does not oppose the forward movement of the striker and of part 28, which offers the advantage of using all the kinetic energy of the mobile assembly for percussion.
  • the forward movement of the part 28 continues until its front end face 32 is applied to the base 34 of the ammunition 36.
  • the point 16 of the striker which protrudes on this end face before 32, simultaneously strikes the primer 38 and causes it to ignite.
  • the firing of the ammunition therefore takes place after the play R has been taken up between the firing cup 12 and the base 34 of the ammunition.
  • the projection S of the tip of the striker 16 relative to the front end face 32 of the part 28 is determined precisely, by abutment of the annular rim 48 of the striker on the front wall 52 of the socket 42, and is chosen to ensure the ignition of the primer without the risk of puncturing it.
  • This clearance J makes it possible, when resetting the weapon, to move the striker rearward relative to the part 28 and to the breech 10, sufficiently so that the point 16 of the striker is removed from the primer and housed inside the part 28, which allows relative movement, for example transverse, between the breech and the chamber of the weapon without risking damaging the point of the striker.

Abstract

Percussion device for a firearm of small or medium calibre, comprising a striking pin (14) guided through a breech (10) in a part (28) movable between a position retracted into the breech when the striking pin is in the arming position and a firing position, in which its front end projects relative to the firing head of the breech and bears on the base (34) of the ammunition, for taking up the play between the firing head and the ammunition, and the stops (46, 48, 52) provided on the striking pin and the movable part in order to displace the latter into the position retracted into the breech when the striking pin is returned to the arming position. …<IMAGE>…

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif de percussion pour une arme à feu du type comprenant une chambre de réception d'une munition dont le culot est muni d'une amorce de mise à feu.The invention relates to a percussion device for a firearm of the type comprising a chamber for receiving ammunition, the base of which is provided with a firing primer.

Les dispositifs de percussion équipant les armes à feu de petit ou de moyen calibre comprennent en général un percuteur guidé en translation dans une culasse comportant une cuvette de tir sur laquelle est normalement appliqué le culot de la munition à tirer.The percussion devices equipping small or medium caliber firearms generally include a striker guided in translation in a breech comprising a firing bowl on which the base of the ammunition to be fired is normally applied.

Le percuteur, ou l'ensemble de percussion constitué du percuteur proprement dit et d'une masse de percussion, est associé à des moyens de déplacement entre une position d'armement où le percuteur est en retrait dans la culasse et une position de tir où la pointe du percuteur fait saillie dans la cuvette de tir pour frapper l'amorce de la munition.The striker, or the percussion assembly consisting of the striker itself and a percussion mass, is associated with displacement means between an arming position where the striker is recessed in the breech and a firing position where the point of the striker protrudes into the firing bowl to strike the primer of the ammunition.

Pour une munition donnée, cette saillie de la pointe du percuteur est déterminée de façon précise, par une valeur minimum permettant d'assurer dans tous les cas le fonctionnement de l'amorce, et par une valeur maximum telle que l'amorce ne risque pas d'être perforée par le percuteur (ce qui provoquerait des fuites de gaz dangereuses).For a given munition, this projection of the point of the striker is determined in a precise manner, by a minimum value making it possible in all cases to ensure the functioning of the primer, and by a maximum value such that the primer does not risk be punctured by the striker (which would cause dangerous gas leaks).

La course du percuteur est limitée par butée sur la culasse, de sorte que la saillie de la pointe du percuteur sur la cuvette de tir est constante.The stroke of the striker is limited by a stop on the breech, so that the projection of the point of the striker on the firing bowl is constant.

Il se peut cependant qu'il y ait un jeu longitudinal relativement important dans la chambre de l'arme entre la cuvette de tir et le culot de la munition, par exemple en raison de l'accumulation de tolérances dimensionnelles, d'un différentiel de dilatation thermique et d'une reprise d'humidité, lorsque les douilles des munitions sont en matériau non métallique. Le jeu entre la cuvette de tir et le culot de la munition peut être alors supérieur à la saillie de la pointe du percuteur sur la cuvette de tir, et la mise à feu de la munition ne se produit pas.There may, however, be a relatively large longitudinal clearance in the chamber of the weapon between the firing cup and the base of the ammunition, for example due to the accumulation of dimensional tolerances, a differential of thermal expansion and recovery of humidity, when the ammunition casings are made of non-metallic material. The clearance between the firing cup and the base of the ammunition can then be greater than the projection of the point of the striker on the firing bowl, and the ammunition does not fire.

On ne peut éviter cet inconvénient en augmentant la saillie de la pointe du percuteur par rapport à la cuvette de tir, car au départ du coup, le culot de la munition vient au contact de la cuvette de tir et l'amorce serait alors perforée par le percuteur.This disadvantage cannot be avoided by increasing the projection of the point of the striker relative to the firing bowl, because at the start of the shot, the base of the ammunition comes into contact with the firing bowl and the primer would then be perforated by the striker.

Le Brevet suisse 666 119 décrit un dispositif de percussion pour une arme à feu, ce dispositif comprenant des moyens de rattrapage de jeu entre la culasse et le culot d'une munition, ces moyens étant constitués par une pièce qui est mobile dans la culasse et traversée axialement par le percuteur, de façon à être entraînée par celui-ci et à venir s'appliquer sur le culot de la munition en définissant une saillie constante de la pointe du percuteur pour la mise à feu de l'amorce de la munition.Swiss Patent 666,119 describes a percussion device for a firearm, this device comprising means for taking up play between the breech and the base of an ammunition, these means being constituted by a part which is movable in the breech and axially traversed by the striker, so as to be driven by it and to be applied to the base of the ammunition by defining a constant projection of the point of the striker for firing the primer of the ammunition.

Dans ce dispositif connu, il peut arriver que la pièce mobile reste en position de tir en saillie sur la culasse, ce qui gêne ou interdit un mouvement relatif, par exemple transversal, entre la culasse et la chambre de tir, et risque également de gêner ou d'empêcher l'amenée d'une nouvelle munition dans la chambre de tir.In this known device, it can happen that the moving part remains in the firing position projecting from the breech, which hinders or prohibits a relative movement, for example transverse, between the breech and the firing chamber, and also risks hindering or to prevent the supply of new ammunition into the firing chamber.

L'invention a notamment pour objet un dispositif de percussion qui ne soit pas soumis à ces inconvénients, tout en permettant un rattrapage du jeu entre une cuvette de tir et le culot d'une munition.The subject of the invention is in particular a percussion device which is not subject to these drawbacks, while allowing the play between a shooting bowl and the base of an ammunition to be taken up.

L'invention a également pour objet un dispositif de ce type, dans lequel la saillie de la pointe du percuteur en position de tir est déterminée de façon très précise, pour ne pas risquer de perforer l'amorce d'une munition.The invention also relates to a device of this type, in which the projection of the point of the striker in the firing position is determined very precisely, so as not to risk perforating the primer of an ammunition.

L'invention a encore pour objet un dispositif de ce type qui puisse être utilisé avec une arme à mise à feu électrique.The invention also relates to a device of this type which can be used with an electric firearm.

L'invention propose, à cet effet, un dispositif de percussion d'une munition pour une arme à feu, la munition comprenant un culot muni d'une amorce et l'arme comprenant une culasse comportant une cuvette de tir destinée normalement à être appliquée sur le culot de la munition, un percuteur guidé en translation dans la culasse et comprenant une pointe destinée à frapper l'amorce de la munition, des moyens de déplacement du percuteur entre une position d'armement où le percuteur est en retrait dans la culasse et une position de tir où la pointe du percuteur fait saillie dans la cuvette de tir pour frapper l'amorce de la munition, des moyens de rattrapage de jeu entre la cuvette de tir et la munition, ces moyens comprenant une pièce traversée axialement par le percuteur et dépaçable en translation dans la culasse pour occuper une position de tir dans laquelle son extrémité avant est en saillie sur la cuvette de tir et en appui sur le culot de la munition, la saillie de la pointe du percuteur par rapport à l'extrémité avant de la pièce mobile en position de tir étant définie de façon invariable par butée du percuteur sur la pièce mobile, caractérisé en ce que des moyens de butée sont prévus sur le percuteur et sur la pièce mobile pour déplacer celle-ci dans une position rétractée à l'intérieur de la culasse quand le percuteur est ramené en position d'armement.The invention provides, for this purpose, a device for percussion of ammunition for a firearm, the ammunition comprising a base provided with a primer and the weapon comprising a breech comprising a firing bowl intended normally to be applied on the base of the ammunition, a striker guided in translation in the breech and comprising a point intended to strike the primer of the ammunition, means for moving the striker between an arming position where the striker is set back in the breech and a firing position where the point of the striker protrudes into the firing bowl to strike the primer of the ammunition, means for taking up play between the firing bowl and the ammunition, these means comprising a part axially traversed by the striker and displaceable in translation in the breech to occupy a firing position in which its front end protrudes from the firing cup and rests on the base of the ammunition, the projection of the tip of the striker relative to the front end of the movable part in the firing position being defined invariably by the striker stop on the movable piece, characterized in that stop means are provided on the striker and on the piece movable to move it into a retracted position inside the bolt when the striker is returned to the cocking position.

Dans ce dispositif, les butées prévues sur la pièce mobile et sur le percuteur permettent de déplacer la pièce mobile vers l'avant pour un rattrapage automatique du jeu entre la cuvette de tir et le culot de la munition, elles limitent également le déplacement du percuteur vers l'avant par rapport à la pièce mobile, pour que la saillie du percuteur sur la pièce mobile reste fixée à une valeur prédéterminée, choisie pour ne pas risquer de perforer l'amorce, et elles permettent de plus de rétracter automatiquement la pièce mobile dans la culasse quand le percuteur est ramené en position d'armement.In this device, the stops provided on the movable part and on the striker allow the movable part to be moved forwards for automatic adjustment of the clearance between the firing cup and the base of the ammunition, they also limit the movement of the striker forward with respect to the moving part, so that the projection of the striker on the moving part remains fixed at a predetermined value, chosen so as not to risk perforating the primer, and they also make it possible to automatically retract the moving part in the breech when the striker is returned to the cocking position.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, un ressort de compression entourant le percuteur est interposé entre l'extrémité arrière de la pièce mobile et une butée associée au percuteur.According to another characteristic of the invention, a compression spring surrounding the striker is interposed between the rear end of the movable part and a stop associated with the striker.

Un tel ressort permet de maintenir la pièce mobile en position rétractée quand le percuteur est en position d'armement, pour ne pas gêner l'amenée d'une munition dans la chambre de l'arme et permettre également le mouvement de la pièce mobile vers l'avant pour le rattrapage du jeu précité, lorsque le percuteur quitte sa position d'armement pour gagner sa position de tir.Such a spring keeps the moving part in the retracted position when the striker is in the cocking position, so as not to impede the supply of ammunition into the weapon chamber and also allow movement of the moving part towards the front for catching the aforementioned game, when the striker leaves its cocking position to gain its firing position.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, la butée associée au percuteur est une bague mobile axialement par rapport au percuteur et par rapport à la pièce mobile. Le déplacement vers l'avant de cette bague par rapport à la pièce mobile est limité par une butée solidaire de la pièce mobile.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the stop associated with the striker is a ring movable axially relative to the striker and relative to the movable part. The forward movement of this ring relative to the moving part is limited by a stop integral with the moving part.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, l'extrémité arrière de la pièce mobile comporte une douille cylindrique dans laquelle sont logés le ressort de compression et la bague mobile précités.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rear end of the movable part comprises a cylindrical sleeve in which the compression spring and the aforementioned movable ring are housed.

Le dispositif selon l'invention est utilisable aussi bien avec une arme à feu d'un type classique dans laquelle le choc du percuteur sur l'amorce provoque la mise à feu de celle-ci, ou avec une arme du type à mise à feu électrique, dans laquelle le percuteur est réalisé en matériau électriquement conducteur et est alors électriquement isolé de la masse de l'arme.The device according to the invention can be used both with a firearm of a conventional type in which the impact of the striker on the primer fires the latter, or with a weapon of the firing type electric, in which the striker is made of electrically conductive material and is then electrically isolated from the mass of the weapon.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres caractéristiques, détails et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit, faite à titre d'exemple en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique partielle en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif de percussion de la technique antérieure ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif selon l'invention, représenté en position d'armement ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue semblable à la figure 2, mais représentant le dispositif en position de tir.
The invention will be better understood and other characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly on reading the description which follows, given by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a partial schematic view in longitudinal section of a percussion device of the prior art;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a device according to the invention, shown in the cocking position;
  • Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, but showing the device in the firing position.

On se réfère d'abord à la figure 1, dans laquelle on a représenté schématiquement un dispositif de percussion de la technique antérieure, qui est guidé en translation dans une culasse 10 comportant une cuvette de tir 12 sur laquelle vient normalement s'appliquer le culot d'une munition (non représentée) logée dans la chambre de l'arme.Reference is first made to FIG. 1, in which a percussion device of the prior art has been shown diagrammatically, which is guided in translation in a cylinder head 10 comprising a firing cup 12 on which the base normally applies ammunition (not shown) housed in the chamber of the weapon.

Le dispositif de percussion comporte un percuteur 14 proprement dit, dont l'extrémité avant est formée d'une pointe 16 destinée à frapper l'amorce de la munition, et dont l'extrémité arrière est solidaire d'une masse de percussion 18 chargée par un ressort 20. Lorsque le percuteur est dans la position de tir représentée en figure 1, sa pointe 16 forme une saillie S relativement faible par rapport à la cuvette de tir 12, suffisante pour provoquer la mise à feu de l'amorce mais ne risquant pas de perforer celle-ci.The percussion device comprises a striker 14 proper, the front end of which is formed by a point 16 intended to strike the primer of the ammunition, and the rear end of which is secured to a percussion mass 18 charged by a spring 20. When the striker is in the firing position shown in FIG. 1, its tip 16 forms a projection S relatively small compared to the firing bowl 12, sufficient to cause the firing of the primer but not risking not perforate it.

Cette saillie S est déterminée par construction et est définie par appui d'un épaulement 22 du percuteur sur une pièce 24 solidaire de la culasse 10.This projection S is determined by construction and is defined by pressing a shoulder 22 of the striker on a part 24 secured to the cylinder head 10.

On comprend que, s'il existe un jeu longitudinal entre la cuvette de tir 12 et le culot de la munition, qui est supérieur à la saillie S de la pointe du percuteur en position de tir, le tir de la munition ne peut se produire.It is understood that, if there is a longitudinal clearance between the firing cup 12 and the base of the ammunition, which is greater than the projection S of the point of the striker in the firing position, the firing of the ammunition cannot occur .

L'invention permet notamment de pallier cet inconvénient.The invention notably makes it possible to overcome this drawback.

On se réfère maintenant aux figures 2 et 3, qui représentent un mode de réalisation du dispositif selon l'invention, respectivement en position d'armement et en position de tir.Referring now to Figures 2 and 3, which show an embodiment of the device according to the invention, respectively in the cocking position and in the firing position.

Ce dispositif comprend, comme dans la technique antérieure, un percuteur 14 dont l'extrémité avant comporte une pointe 16 et dont l'extrémité arrière est solidaire d'une masse de percussion 18 chargée dans le sens indiqué par la flèche 26 par un moyen approprié tel qu'un ressort ou un système mobile. Le percuteur 14 est guidé en translation à travers la culasse 10 qui comporte, du côté de la chambre de l'arme, une cuvette de tir 12.This device comprises, as in the prior art, a striker 14, the front end of which comprises a point 16 and the rear end of which is secured to a percussion mass 18 loaded in the direction indicated by the arrow 26 by an appropriate means such as a spring or a mobile system. The striker 14 is guided in translation through the breech 10 which comprises, on the side of the chamber of the weapon, a firing bowl 12.

Selon l'invention, le percuteur 14 est associé à une pièce mobile 28 dans laquelle il est guidé axialement et qui est elle-même guidée en déplacement axial à travers la culasse 10.According to the invention, the striker 14 is associated with a movable part 28 in which it is guided axially and which is itself guided in axial movement through the cylinder head 10.

L'extrémité avant 30 de la pièce mobile est de forme élargie par exemple tronconique et présente une face frontale droite 32 d'appui sur le culot 34 d'une munition 36 pourvue d'une amorce 38 de mise à feu. La cuvette de tir 12 comprend une cavité tronconique 40 dans laquelle s'engage l'extrémité avant tronconique 30 de la pièce mobile, en position de retrait.The front end 30 of the moving part is of enlarged shape, for example frustoconical and has a straight front face 32 bearing on the base 34 of a munition 36 provided with a firing primer 38. The firing bowl 12 comprises a frustoconical cavity 40 in which engages the frustoconical front end 30 of the moving part, in the withdrawn position.

A son extrémité arrière, la pièce mobile 28 est formée d'une douille cylindrique 42 qui est traversée axialement par le percuteur 14 et dans laquelle est logé un ressort de compression 44 dont l'extrémité arrière est en appui sur la paroi arrière de la douille 42, et dont l'extrémité avant est en appui sur une bague 46 mobile par rapport au percuteur 14 à l'intérieur de la douille 42.At its rear end, the moving part 28 is formed by a cylindrical sleeve 42 which is traversed axially by the striker 14 and in which is housed a compression spring 44 the rear end of which bears on the rear wall of the sleeve 42, and the front end of which bears on a ring 46 which is movable relative to the striker 14 inside the bush 42.

Le percuteur 14 comprend, à l'intérieur de la douille cylindrique 42, un rebord annulaire 48 sur lequel vient s'appliquer la bague 46 sous l'action du ressort 44. La bague 46 présente par ailleurs une jupe cylindrique 50 qui s'étend vers l'avant et dans laquelle est reçu le rebord annulaire 48 du percuteur. L'extrémité avant de cette jupe 50 est destinée à venir en butée sur une paroi 52 fermant l'extrémité avant de la douille 42, et se trouve à une distance C de cette paroi 52 quand le percuteur est dans la position d'armement représentée en figure 2.The striker 14 comprises, inside the cylindrical sleeve 42, an annular rim 48 on which the ring 46 is applied under the action of the spring 44. The ring 46 also has a cylindrical skirt 50 which extends forward and in which is received the annular flange 48 of the striker. The front end of this skirt 50 is intended to come into abutment on a wall 52 closing the front end of the sleeve 42, and is located at a distance C from this wall 52 when the striker is in the cocking position shown in figure 2.

Le fonctionnement de ce dispositif est le suivant :
   lorsque le percuteur est dans la position d'armement représentée en figure 2, dans laquelle il est retenu par un moyen approprié, la face frontale 32 de l'extrémité avant de la pièce mobile 28 est au niveau de la cuvette de tir 12 et ne fait pas saillie par rapport à celle-ci. Le percuteur 14 est en retrait, sa pointe 16 étant logée à l'intérieur de la pièce 28. La bague 46 est en appui sur le rebord annulaire 48 du percuteur 14 et comprime le ressort 44. Dans cette position, la pièce 28 est donc sollicitée vers l'arrière, par la poussée exercée par le ressort 44 sur la paroi d'extrémité arrière de la douille 42.The operation of this device is as follows:
when the striker is in the cocking position shown in FIG. 2, in which it is retained by an appropriate means, the front face 32 of the front end of the moving part 28 is at the level of the firing bowl 12 and does not does not protrude from it. The striker 14 is set back, its point 16 being housed inside the part 28. The ring 46 is supported on the annular rim 48 of the striker 14 and compresses the spring 44. In this position, the part 28 is therefore urged backwards, by the thrust exerted by the spring 44 on the rear end wall of the bush 42.

Dans cette position, une munition 36 peut être amenée sans difficulté à l'intérieur de la chambre de l'arme, son amorce 38 étant alors alignée sur l'axe du percuteur.In this position, a munition 36 can be brought without difficulty inside the chamber of the weapon, its primer 38 then being aligned on the axis of the striker.

Pour les raisons indiquées plus haut, il peut y avoir un jeu longitudinal R relativement important (de quelques millimètres) entre la cuvette de tir 12 et le culot 34 de la munition.For the reasons indicated above, there may be a relatively large longitudinal clearance R (of a few millimeters) between the firing cup 12 and the base 34 of the ammunition.

Lorsque le percuteur est libéré, il quitte sa position d'armement et est poussé dans le sens indiqué par la flèche 26. Au début de ce mouvement, la pièce 28 reste dans la position représentée en figure 2, jusqu'à ce que la bague 46 sollicitée par le ressort 44 ait parcouru la distance C et vienne en appui sur la paroi avant 52 de la douille 42. Le rebord annulaire 48 du percuteur vient en appui sur cette paroi 52, et commence à déplacer la pièce 28 vers l'avant à partir de la position représentée en figure 2. Pendant cette phase, le ressort 44 ne s'oppose pas au déplacement vers l'avant du percuteur et de la pièce 28, ce qui offre l'avantage d'utiliser toute l'énergie cinétique de l'ensemble mobile pour la percussion.When the striker is released, it leaves its cocking position and is pushed in the direction indicated by the arrow 26. At the start of this movement, the part 28 remains in the position shown in FIG. 2, until the ring 46 biased by the spring 44 has traveled the distance C and comes to bear on the front wall 52 of the sleeve 42. The annular flange 48 of the striker comes to bear on this wall 52, and begins to move the part 28 forwards from the position shown in FIG. 2. During this phase, the spring 44 does not oppose the forward movement of the striker and of part 28, which offers the advantage of using all the kinetic energy of the mobile assembly for percussion.

Le déplacement vers l'avant de la pièce 28 se poursuit jusqu'à ce que sa face frontale avant 32 s'applique sur le culot 34 de la munition 36. La pointe 16 du percuteur, qui est en saillie sur cette face d'extrémité avant 32, vient simultanément percuter l'amorce 38 et provoque sa mise à feu.The forward movement of the part 28 continues until its front end face 32 is applied to the base 34 of the ammunition 36. The point 16 of the striker, which protrudes on this end face before 32, simultaneously strikes the primer 38 and causes it to ignite.

La mise à feu de la munition a donc lieu après rattrapage du jeu R entre la cuvette de tir 12 et le culot 34 de la munition. Par ailleurs, la saillie S de la pointe du percuteur 16 par rapport à la face d'extrémité avant 32 de la pièce 28 est déterminée de façon précise, par butée du rebord annulaire 48 du percuteur sur la paroi avant 52 de la douille 42, et est choisie pour assurer la mise à feu de l'amorce sans risquer de la perforer.The firing of the ammunition therefore takes place after the play R has been taken up between the firing cup 12 and the base 34 of the ammunition. Furthermore, the projection S of the tip of the striker 16 relative to the front end face 32 of the part 28 is determined precisely, by abutment of the annular rim 48 of the striker on the front wall 52 of the socket 42, and is chosen to ensure the ignition of the primer without the risk of puncturing it.

Dans la position de tir représentée en figure 3, il subsiste un jeu J entre le rebord annulaire 48 du percuteur 14 et l'extrémité arrière de la bague 46.In the firing position shown in FIG. 3, there remains a clearance J between the annular rim 48 of the striker 14 and the rear end of the ring 46.

Ce jeu J permet, lors du réarmement de l'arme, de déplacer vers l'arrière le percuteur par rapport à la pièce 28 et à la culasse 10, de façon suffisante pour que la pointe 16 du percuteur soit retirée de l'amorce et logée à l'intérieur de la pièce 28, ce qui permet un mouvement relatif, par exemple transversal, entre la culasse et la chambre de l'arme sans risquer d'endommager la pointe du percuteur.This clearance J makes it possible, when resetting the weapon, to move the striker rearward relative to the part 28 and to the breech 10, sufficiently so that the point 16 of the striker is removed from the primer and housed inside the part 28, which allows relative movement, for example transverse, between the breech and the chamber of the weapon without risking damaging the point of the striker.

Ensuite, le déplacement du percuteur vers la position d'armement provoque, par l'intermédiaire du ressort 44, le déplacement vers l'arrière de la pièce 28 jusqu'au retour dans la position représentée en figure 2.Then, the movement of the striker towards the cocking position causes, via the spring 44, the rearward movement of the part 28 until it returns to the position shown in FIG. 2.

On notera enfin que le déplacement vers l'avant de la pièce 28 par rapport à la culasse 10 est limité à une valeur maximale, correspondant à un rattrapage d'un jeu R maximal, par butée de la paroi avant 52 de la douille 42 sur une pièce solidaire de la culasse.Finally, it will be noted that the forward movement of the part 28 relative to the cylinder head 10 is limited to a maximum value, corresponding to a take-up of a maximum clearance R, by abutment of the front wall 52 of the socket 42 on an integral part of the cylinder head.

Claims (9)

Dispositif de percussion d'une munition pour une arme à feu, la munition (36) comprenant un culot (34) muni d'une amorce (38) et l'arme comprenant une culasse (10) comportant une cuvette de tir (12) destinée normalement à être appliquée sur le culot de la munition, un percuteur (14) guidé en translation dans la culasse et comprenant une pointe (16) destinée à frapper l'amorce de la munition, des moyens de déplacement du percuteur entre une position d'armement où le percuteur (14) est en retrait dans la culasse (10) et une position de tir où la pointe (16) du percuteur fait saillie dans la cuvette de tir (12) pour frapper l'amorce (38) de la munition, et des moyens de rattrapage de jeu entre la cuvette de tir et la munition, ces moyens comprenant une pièce (38) traversée axialement par le percuteur (14) et déplaçable en translation dans la culasse (10) pour occuper une position de tir dans laquelle son extrémité avant (30, 32) est en saillie sur la cuvette de tir et en appui sur le culot de la munition, la saillie de la pointe (16) du percuteur par rapport à l'extrémité avant de la pièce mobile (38) en position de tir étant définie de façon invariable par butée du percuteur sur la pièce mobile, caractérisé en ce que des moyens de butée (46, 48, 52) sont prévus sur le percuteur et sur la pièce mobile pour déplacer celle-ci dans une position rétractée à l'intérieur de la culasse (10) quand le percuteur (14) est ramené en position d'armement.Device for percussion of ammunition for a firearm, the ammunition (36) comprising a base (34) provided with a primer (38) and the weapon comprising a breech (10) comprising a firing bowl (12) normally intended to be applied to the base of the ammunition, a striker (14) guided in translation in the breech and comprising a point (16) intended to strike the primer of the ammunition, means for moving the striker between a position d armament where the striker (14) is recessed in the breech (10) and a firing position where the point (16) of the striker protrudes into the firing bowl (12) to strike the primer (38) of the ammunition, and means for taking up play between the firing cup and the ammunition, these means comprising a part (38) traversed axially by the striker (14) and displaceable in translation in the breech (10) to occupy a firing position in which its front end (30, 32) protrudes from the firing cup and in pressing on the base of the ammunition, the projection of the point (16) of the striker relative to the front end of the movable part (38) in the firing position being defined invariably by abutment of the striker on the movable part, characterized in that stop means (46, 48, 52) are provided on the striker and on the movable part to move the latter in a retracted position inside the cylinder head (10) when the striker (14) is returned to the cocking position. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un ressort de compression (44) est interposé entre l'extrémité arrière de la pièce mobile (28) et une butée (46) associée au percuteur pour solliciter élastiquement la pièce mobile vers sa position rétractée quand le percuteur est en position d'armement.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a compression spring (44) is interposed between the rear end of the moving part (28) and a stop (46) associated with the striker to elastically bias the moving part towards its position retracted when the striker is in the cocking position. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité arrière de la pièce mobile (28) comporte une douille cylindrique (42) entourant le percuteur et dans laquelle est logé le ressort de compression (44) précité.Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the rear end of the part mobile (28) comprises a cylindrical sleeve (42) surrounding the striker and in which is housed the compression spring (44) mentioned above. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la butée (46) associée au percuteur et sur laquelle prend appui l'extrémité avant du ressort de compression (44) est une bague mobile axialement par rapport au percuteur et à la pièce mobile.Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the stop (46) associated with the striker and on which bears the front end of the compression spring (44) is a ring movable axially with respect to the striker and to the moving part . Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le déplacement vers l'avant de ladite bague (46) par rapport au percuteur et à la pièce mobile est limité par des butées (48, 52) solidaires du percuteur et de la pièce mobile, respectivement.Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the forward movement of said ring (46) relative to the striker and to the moving part is limited by stops (48, 52) integral with the striker and the moving part, respectively. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que ladite bague mobile (46) entoure le percuteur et comporte une extrémité avant d'appui sur la butée solidaire (52) de la pièce mobile (28).Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said movable ring (46) surrounds the striker and has a front end for bearing on the integral stop (52) of the movable part (28). Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité avant de la pièce mobile (28) comporte un élargissement (30) et est logée dans une cavité (40) de forme correspondante de la cuvette de tir (12) quand la pièce mobile est en position rétractée.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the front end of the moving part (28) has a widening (30) and is housed in a cavity (40) of corresponding shape in the firing bowl (12) when the moving part is in the retracted position. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité avant (30) de la pièce mobile et la cavité (40) formée dans la cuvette de tir sont de forme tronconique.Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the front end (30) of the moving part and the cavity (40) formed in the firing cup are of frustoconical shape. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'arme est du type de mise à feu électrique et le percuteur (14) est en matériau électriquement conducteur et est électriquement isolé de la masse de l'arme.Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the weapon is of the type of electric firing and the striker (14) is made of electrically conductive material and is electrically isolated from the mass of the weapon.
EP92401602A 1991-06-18 1992-06-10 Firearm percussion device Expired - Lifetime EP0519785B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9107452 1991-06-18
FR9107452A FR2678057B1 (en) 1991-06-18 1991-06-18 PERCUSSION DEVICE FOR A FIREARMS.

Publications (2)

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EP0519785A1 true EP0519785A1 (en) 1992-12-23
EP0519785B1 EP0519785B1 (en) 1996-10-02

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EP92401602A Expired - Lifetime EP0519785B1 (en) 1991-06-18 1992-06-10 Firearm percussion device

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US (1) US5235770A (en)
EP (1) EP0519785B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69214201T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2678057B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2678057B1 (en) 1995-02-17
US5235770A (en) 1993-08-17
FR2678057A1 (en) 1992-12-24
EP0519785B1 (en) 1996-10-02
DE69214201T2 (en) 1997-05-15
DE69214201D1 (en) 1996-11-07

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