EP0516628A1 - Fuel-injection valve for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Fuel-injection valve for internal-combustion engines.

Info

Publication number
EP0516628A1
EP0516628A1 EP91901693A EP91901693A EP0516628A1 EP 0516628 A1 EP0516628 A1 EP 0516628A1 EP 91901693 A EP91901693 A EP 91901693A EP 91901693 A EP91901693 A EP 91901693A EP 0516628 A1 EP0516628 A1 EP 0516628A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
closing
fingers
spring
valve needle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91901693A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0516628B1 (en
Inventor
Karl Hofmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0516628A1 publication Critical patent/EP0516628A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0516628B1 publication Critical patent/EP0516628B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M45/083—Having two or more closing springs acting on injection-valve
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/65—Scarf
    • Y10T403/655—Mirror images

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuel injection nozzle according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the spring chamber in the nozzle holder accommodates both closing springs lying axially one behind the other, the closing spring being closer to the valve needle is supported by a disk on an annular shoulder of the spring chamber, so that the chamber is divided into an area with a large diameter and an area with a small diameter.
  • This has the consequence that with a usual standard outer diameter of the nozzle holder of z. B. 17 mm the small diameter is no longer sufficient to accommodate a suitable spring.
  • both closing springs be designed with the same diameter over the entire length in the nozzle holder and support the closing spring adjacent to the valve needle on a cross bolt passing through the spring chamber.
  • both closing springs can have the same diameter, but the cross hole for the cross bolt in the housing of the nozzle holder affects its strength and tightness.
  • the injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the housing of the two-spring nozzle holder with the usual standard outer diameter of z. B. 17 mm can be executed. Furthermore, the spring chamber has a constant diameter over its entire length, which can be kept relatively small. In addition, the assembly of the closing springs and the pressure bolts is very simple.
  • FIG. 1 shows an injection nozzle for a diesel engine in longitudinal section and FIG. 2 shows two pressure bolts of the injection nozzle according to FIG. 1 in an exploded view. Description of the embodiment
  • the injection nozzle has a nozzle body 10 which is clamped together with an intermediate disk 12 with a union nut 14 to a holding body 16.
  • a valve needle 18 is slidably mounted in the nozzle body 10 and cooperates with an inward-facing valve seat in the nozzle body 10 which has a plurality of spray openings 20.
  • the guide bore of the valve needle is, as usual, expanded to a pressure chamber at one point, in the area of which the valve needle 18 has a pressure shoulder and which is connected via a channel 22 to a socket 23 on the holding body 16 for connecting a fuel delivery line.
  • the fuel acting on the pressure shoulder of the valve needle 18 pushes the valve needle 18 upward against the graduated force curve of a closing spring arrangement described below, the fuel being injected through the injection openings 20 in a pre-injection phase and a main injection phase.
  • a spring chamber 24 is arranged coaxially to the valve needle 18, which is designed as an axial blind bore and is closed at its opening by the intermediate disk 12.
  • a first closing spring 26 and a second closing spring 28 are arranged in series in the spring chamber 24 and are designed as helical compression springs.
  • the first closing spring 26, which is more distant from the nozzle body 10, constantly acts on the valve needle 18 in its closing direction via a first pressure bolt 30.
  • the first closing spring 26 is supported by a washer 32 on the base 34 of the spring chamber 24 and by another washer 36 on the upper end of the first pressure bolt 30 which is provided with a head 38 and which has its lower end on the upper end face of the valve needle 18 is present.
  • the second closing spring 28, which is identical in construction to the first closing spring 26, is arranged in the spring chamber 24 adjacent to the nozzle body 10 and surrounds the rod-like part 31 of the first pressure bolt 30. With its lower end, the second closing spring 28 is supported by a spring plate 42 and a washer 44 on an intermediate bush 46 surrounding the upper end section of the valve needle 18, which is thereby placed against the end face of the nozzle body 10 in the closed position of the valve needle 18. With its other end, it presses via a disk 48 onto the lower end of a second pressure bolt 50, which is designed as a head 52, the rod-shaped part of which passes through the first closing spring 26 and the upper end of which rests on the upper disk 42, which rests against the base of the spring chamber 24 supports.
  • the heads 38 and 52 of the two coaxially arranged in the spring chamber 24 pressure bolts 30 and 50 are movable with play in the spring chamber 24 and designed so that they reach through each other.
  • they each consist of, for example, three claws or fingers 40, 54 which are evenly distributed on a circle coaxial with the axis of the pressure bolts 30, 50 and project axially parallel from the rod-shaped part 31, 51 of the pressure bolts 30, 50.
  • Their radial cross section has the shape of a circular ring segment.
  • the spaces between the individual fingers 40, 54 of each head 38, 52 have the shape of a circular ring segment with approximately the same area as the fingers 40, 54, so that the fingers 40 of one pressure pin 30 in the space between the fingers 52 of the other Pressure pin 50 are displaceable with play and the fingers 40 of the first pressure pin 30 together with the fingers 54 of the second pressure pin 50 form a cylinder ring.
  • the closing springs 26, 28 are supported by the washers 48, 52 as described above on the ends of the fingers 40, 54 which project above the fingers 40, 54 of the other head 38, 52.
  • the spaced-apart central regions of the two pressure bolts 30, 50 have a distance which is so large that contact is excluded when the nozzle needle 18 is fully open.
  • the spring chamber 24 is connected via a channel 60 to a bore 62 for a connection nipple for a leakage oil line.
  • the passage for leak oil from the spring chamber 24 to the axially opening channel 60 is formed by an oblique bore 56 in the free end part of the rod-shaped part 51 of the second pressure bolt 50, one end of which is coaxial with the hole of the disk 34 abutting in the base of the spring chamber 24 and the other end thereof open in a constriction 58 in the end section of the rod-shaped part 51.
  • the valve needle 18 performs a preliminary stroke h, in which only the first closing spring 26 is effective as a counterforce. With this preliminary stroke h, a limited pre-injection quantity is sprayed out of the spray openings 20.
  • the preliminary stroke h is ended when a stop 64 on the valve needle 18 comes to rest against the counter stop 66 of the intermediate bush 46.
  • the valve needle 18 remains in this position until the further increasing fuel pressure also overcomes the opposing forces of both closing springs 26, 28. Thereafter, the valve needle 18 together with the intermediate bush 46 is moved further in the opening direction until after a residual stroke h it has completed its entire stroke. This is limited by the counter stop 68 on the intermediate disk 12, on which the stop 70 strikes the intermediate bush 46.
  • both closing springs 26, 28 With the same outside diameter, supporting the second closing spring 28 by means of a pressure bolt 50 which penetrates the first closing spring 26, the diameter of the spring chamber 24 can be kept very small and the injection nozzle can thus be made relatively slim overall.
  • the space of the spring chamber 24 is fully utilized by the rod-shaped part 31, 51 of the two pressure bolts 30, 50.
  • Push bolts 30, 50 are also made in two parts, the head 38, 52 being separated from the rod-shaped part 31, 51 and the rod-shaped part being supported in a central indentation on the head.
  • the assembly of the closing spring 26, 28 and the pressure pin 30, 50 is very simple if the pressure pin 30 closer to the nozzle body 10 is formed in two parts.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Un injecteur de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne comprend un corps (10) assujetti à un porte-injecteur (16) et un pointeau (18) de soupape axialement mobile dans le corps de l'injecteur et qui est soulevé du siège de la soupape par la pression du carburant, contre la sollicitation d'un agencement de ressorts de fermeture formé de deux ressorts cylindriques de compression (26, 28), afin d'injecter le carburant. La course totale du pointeau (18) de soupape se subdivise en une course préliminaire et en une course résiduelle. Afin d'obtenir un injecteur ayant un diamètre extérieur aussi réduit que possible, les deux ressorts de fermeture ont le même diamètre extérieur. Le premier ressort de fermeture (26), qui agit pendant la course préliminaire, s'appuie sur le fond (34) d'une chambre à ressort (24) et sur un boulon de pression (30) qui sollicite le pointeau (18). Le deuxième ressort de fermeture (28), qui agit avec le premier ressort de fermeture (26) pendant la course résiduelle, s'appuie également sur le fond de la chambre à ressorts par l'intermédiaire d'un deuxième boulon de pression (50) qui traverse le premier ressort de fermeture (26), et sur une douille intermédiaire (46) axialement mobile qui repose sur le corps (10) de l'injecteur. Les deux boulons de pression (30, 50) ont des têtes identiques (38, 52) à leurs extrémités mutuellement opposées, formées de doigts (40, 54) similaires à des griffes, la tête (40) d'un boulon de pression (30) enclenchant la tête (54) de l'autre boulon de pression (50).A fuel injector for internal combustion engines comprises a body (10) secured to an injector holder (16) and a valve needle (18) axially movable in the injector body and which is lifted from the valve seat by the pressure of the fuel, against the stress of an arrangement of closing springs formed by two cylindrical compression springs (26, 28), in order to inject the fuel. The total stroke of the valve needle (18) is subdivided into a preliminary stroke and a residual stroke. In order to obtain an injector with an outside diameter as small as possible, the two closing springs have the same outside diameter. The first closing spring (26), which acts during the preliminary stroke, is supported on the bottom (34) of a spring chamber (24) and on a pressure bolt (30) which urges the needle (18) . The second closing spring (28), which acts with the first closing spring (26) during the residual stroke, also rests on the bottom of the spring chamber by means of a second pressure bolt (50 ) which passes through the first closing spring (26), and on an axially movable intermediate bush (46) which rests on the body (10) of the injector. The two pressure bolts (30, 50) have identical heads (38, 52) at their mutually opposite ends, formed by fingers (40, 54) similar to claws, the head (40) of a pressure bolt ( 30) engaging the head (54) of the other pressure bolt (50).

Description

Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse für BrennkraftmaschinenFuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1. Bei einer Einspritzdüse dieser Gattung (DE-OS 36 10 658) nimmt die Federkam er im Düsenhalter beide axial hintereinanderliegende Schließfedern auf, wobei sich die der Ventil¬ nadel näherliegende Schließfeder über eine Scheibe an einer Ring¬ schulter der Federkammer abstützt, so daß die Kammer in einen Be¬ reich mit einem großen und in einen Bereich mit einem kleinen Durch¬ messer unterteilt ist. Dies hat zur Folge, daß bei einem üblichen Standard-Außendurchmesser des Düsenhalters von z. B. 17 mm der kleine Durchmesser zur Aufnahme einer geeigneten Feder nicht mehr ausreicht.The invention is based on a fuel injection nozzle according to the preamble of claim 1. In the case of an injection nozzle of this type (DE-OS 36 10 658), the spring chamber in the nozzle holder accommodates both closing springs lying axially one behind the other, the closing spring being closer to the valve needle is supported by a disk on an annular shoulder of the spring chamber, so that the chamber is divided into an area with a large diameter and an area with a small diameter. This has the consequence that with a usual standard outer diameter of the nozzle holder of z. B. 17 mm the small diameter is no longer sufficient to accommodate a suitable spring.
Um bei Einspritzdüsen der gattungsgemäßen Art eine Vergrößerung des Außendurchmessers gegenüber handelsüblichen Ausführungen zu ver¬ meiden, wird in der nicht vorveröffentlichten DE-Patentanmeldung P 38 39 038 vorgeschlagen, die zur Aufnahme beider Schließfedern dienende Federkammer im Düsenhalter über die gesamte Länge mit gleichem Durchmesser auszuführen und die der Ventilnadel benachbarte Schließfeder an einem die Federkammer durchsetzenden Querbolzen ab¬ zustützen. Bei dieser Ausfuhrungsform können beide Schließfedern den gleichen Durchmesser haben, die Querbohrung für den Querbolzen im Gehäuse des Düsenhalters beeinträchtigt jedoch dessen Festigkeit und die Dichtigkeit. Vorteile der ErfindungIn order to avoid an increase in the outside diameter compared to commercially available designs in the case of injection nozzles of the generic type, it is proposed in the unpublished DE patent application P 38 39 038 that the spring chamber serving to accommodate both closing springs be designed with the same diameter over the entire length in the nozzle holder and support the closing spring adjacent to the valve needle on a cross bolt passing through the spring chamber. In this embodiment, both closing springs can have the same diameter, but the cross hole for the cross bolt in the housing of the nozzle holder affects its strength and tightness. Advantages of the invention
Die er indungsgemäße Einspritzdüse mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß das Gehäuse des Zweifeder-Düsenhalters mit dem üblichen Standard-Außendurchmesser von z. B. 17 mm ausgeführt werden kann. Ferner hat die Federkammer einen über ihre gesamte Länge konstanten Durchmesser, der relativ klein gehalten werden kann. Außerdem ist die Montage der Schlie߬ federn und der Druckbolzen sehr einfach.The injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the housing of the two-spring nozzle holder with the usual standard outer diameter of z. B. 17 mm can be executed. Furthermore, the spring chamber has a constant diameter over its entire length, which can be kept relatively small. In addition, the assembly of the closing springs and the pressure bolts is very simple.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vor¬ teilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Anspruch 1 ange¬ gebenen Einspritzdüse möglich. Eine einfache und rationelle Ferti¬ gung der klauenartigen Finger ist möglich, wenn diese einen ring- segmentförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen, der bei den Fingern beider Köpfe gleich ist. Die Einstellung des Offnungsdruckes der Einspritz¬ düse ist besonders einfach, wenn der der Ventilnadel naheliegende Druckbolzen zweiteilig als glatter Bolzen mit getrenntem Kopfteil ausgebildet ist.Advantageous further developments and improvements of the injection nozzle specified in claim 1 are possible through the measures listed in the subclaims. A simple and efficient production of the claw-like fingers is possible if they have a ring-segment-shaped cross section, which is the same for the fingers of both heads. The setting of the opening pressure of the injection nozzle is particularly simple if the pressure pin close to the valve needle is constructed in two parts as a smooth pin with a separate head part.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung darge¬ stellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 eine Einspritzdüse für einen Dieselmotor im Längs¬ schnitt und Figur 2 zwei Druckbolzen der Einspritzdüse nach Figur 1 in Explosionsdarstellung. Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsAn embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail in the following description. 1 shows an injection nozzle for a diesel engine in longitudinal section and FIG. 2 shows two pressure bolts of the injection nozzle according to FIG. 1 in an exploded view. Description of the embodiment
Die Einspritzdüse hat einen Düsenkörper 10, der zusammen mit einer Zwischenscheibe 12 mit einer Überwurfmutter 14 an einem Haltekörper 16 festgespannt ist. Im Düsenkörper 10 ist eine Ventilnadel 18 ver¬ schiebbar gelagert, die mit einem nach innen gekehrten Ventilsitz im Düsenkörper 10 zusammenarbeitet, der mehrere Spritzöffnungen 20 aufweist. Die Führungsbohrung der Ventilnadel ist wie üblich an einer Stelle zu einem Druckraum erweitert, in dessen Bereich die Ventilnadel 18 eine Druckschulter hat und der über einen Kanal 22 mit einem Stutzen 23 am Haltekörper 16 zum Anschließen einer Kraft¬ stoff-Förderleitung verbunden ist. Der an der Druckschulter der Ventilnadel 18 angreifende Kraftstoff schiebt die Ventilnadel 18 entgegen dem abgestuften Kraftverlauf einer im folgenden be¬ schriebenen Schließfederanordnung nach oben, wobei der Kraftstoff in einer Voreinspritzphase und einer Haupteinspritzphase durch die Spritzöffnungen 20 ausgespritzt wird.The injection nozzle has a nozzle body 10 which is clamped together with an intermediate disk 12 with a union nut 14 to a holding body 16. A valve needle 18 is slidably mounted in the nozzle body 10 and cooperates with an inward-facing valve seat in the nozzle body 10 which has a plurality of spray openings 20. The guide bore of the valve needle is, as usual, expanded to a pressure chamber at one point, in the area of which the valve needle 18 has a pressure shoulder and which is connected via a channel 22 to a socket 23 on the holding body 16 for connecting a fuel delivery line. The fuel acting on the pressure shoulder of the valve needle 18 pushes the valve needle 18 upward against the graduated force curve of a closing spring arrangement described below, the fuel being injected through the injection openings 20 in a pre-injection phase and a main injection phase.
Im Haltekörper 16 ist eine Federkammer 24 koaxial zur Ventilnadel 18 angeordnet, die als axiale Sackbohrung ausgebildet und an ihrer Öffnung von der Zwischenscheibe 12 abgeschlossen ist. In der Feder¬ kammer 24 sind eine erste Schließfeder 26 und eine zweite Schlie߬ feder 28 hintereinander gereiht angeordnet, die als Schraubendruck¬ fedem ausgebildet sind. Die vom Düsenkörper 10 entferntere erste Schließfeder 26 wirkt über einen ersten Druckbolzen 30 ständig auf die Ventilnadel 18 in deren Schließrichtung. Hierzu stützt sich die erste Schließfeder 26 über eine Scheibe 32 am Grund 34 der Feder¬ kammer 24 und über eine andere Scheibe 36 am oberen mit einem Kopf 38 versehenen Ende des ersten Druckbolzens 30 ab, der mit seinem unteren Ende an der oberen Stirnseite der Ventilnadel 18 anliegt. Die zur ersten Schließfeder 26 baugleich ausgeführte zweite Schlie߬ feder 28 ist in der Federkammer 24 dem Düsenkörper 10 benachbart an¬ geordnet und umgibt den stangenartigen Teil 31 des ersten Druck¬ bolzens 30. Mit ihrem unteren Stirnende stützt sich die zweite Schließfeder 28 über einen Federteller 42 und eine Scheibe 44 auf einer den oberen Endabschnitt der Ventilnadel 18 umgebenden Zwischenbuchse 46 ab, die dadurch in Schließlage der Ventilnadel 18 an die Stirnseite des Düsenkörpers 10 angelegt wird. Mit ihrem anderen Ende drückt sie über eine Scheibe 48 auf das untere als Kopf 52 ausgebildete Ende eines zweiten Druckbolzens 50, dessen stangen- förmiger Teil die erste Schließfeder 26 durchsetzt und dessen oberes Ende sich an der oberen, am Grund der Federkammer 24 anliegenden Scheibe 42 abstützt.In the holding body 16, a spring chamber 24 is arranged coaxially to the valve needle 18, which is designed as an axial blind bore and is closed at its opening by the intermediate disk 12. A first closing spring 26 and a second closing spring 28 are arranged in series in the spring chamber 24 and are designed as helical compression springs. The first closing spring 26, which is more distant from the nozzle body 10, constantly acts on the valve needle 18 in its closing direction via a first pressure bolt 30. For this purpose, the first closing spring 26 is supported by a washer 32 on the base 34 of the spring chamber 24 and by another washer 36 on the upper end of the first pressure bolt 30 which is provided with a head 38 and which has its lower end on the upper end face of the valve needle 18 is present. The second closing spring 28, which is identical in construction to the first closing spring 26, is arranged in the spring chamber 24 adjacent to the nozzle body 10 and surrounds the rod-like part 31 of the first pressure bolt 30. With its lower end, the second closing spring 28 is supported by a spring plate 42 and a washer 44 on an intermediate bush 46 surrounding the upper end section of the valve needle 18, which is thereby placed against the end face of the nozzle body 10 in the closed position of the valve needle 18. With its other end, it presses via a disk 48 onto the lower end of a second pressure bolt 50, which is designed as a head 52, the rod-shaped part of which passes through the first closing spring 26 and the upper end of which rests on the upper disk 42, which rests against the base of the spring chamber 24 supports.
Die Köpfe 38 und 52 der beiden gleichachsig in der Federkammer 24 angeordneten Druckbolzen 30 und 50 sind mit Spiel in der Federkammer 24 verschiebbar und so ausgebildet, daß sie einander durchgreifen. Dazu bestehen sie aus beispielsweise jeweils drei Klauen oder Fingern 40, 54 die auf einem zur Achse der Druckbolzen 30, 50 gleichachsigen Kreis gleichmäßig verteilt sind und achsparallel vom stangenförmigen Teil 31, 51 der Druckbolzen 30, 50 vorstehen. Ihr radialer Querschnitt hat die Form eines Kreisringsegments. In gleicher Weise haben die Zwischenräume zwischen den einzelnen Fingern 40, 54 jedes Kopfes 38, 52 die Form eines Kreisringsegments mit angenähert gleicher Fläche wie die Finger 40, 54, so daß die Finger 40 des einen Druckbolzens 30 im Zwischenraum zwischen den Fingern 52 des anderen Druckbolzens 50 mit Spiel verschiebbar sind und die Finger 40 des ersten Druckbolzens 30 zusammen mit den Fingern 54 des zweiten Druckbolzens 50 einen Zylinderring bilden. An den die Finger 40, 54 des anderen Kopfes 38, 52 jeweils überragenden Stirnenden der Finger 40, 54 stützen sich die Schließfedern 26, 28 über die Scheiben 48, 52 wie oben beschrieben ab. In Ruhestellung der Düsennadel 18 und der Schließfedern 26, 28 haben die zueinander beabstandeten mittleren Bereiche der beiden Druckbolzen 30, 50 einen Abstand, der so groß ist, daß bei voll geöffneter Düsennadel 18 eine Berührung ausgeschlossen ist. Zum Rückführen von Lecköl ist die Federkammer 24 über einen Kanal 60 mit einer Bohrung 62 für einen Anschlußnippel für eine Leckölleitung verbunden. Den Durchgang für Lecköl aus der Federkammer 24 zu dem axial einmündenden Kanal 60 bildet eine Schrägbohrung 56 im freien Endteil des stangenförmigen Teils 51 des zweiten Druckbolzens 50, deren eines Ende koaxial mit dem Loch der im Grund der Federkammer 24 anliegenden Scheibe 34 und deren anderes Ende in einer Ein¬ schnürung 58 im Endabschnitt des stangenförmigen Teils 51 münden.The heads 38 and 52 of the two coaxially arranged in the spring chamber 24 pressure bolts 30 and 50 are movable with play in the spring chamber 24 and designed so that they reach through each other. For this purpose, they each consist of, for example, three claws or fingers 40, 54 which are evenly distributed on a circle coaxial with the axis of the pressure bolts 30, 50 and project axially parallel from the rod-shaped part 31, 51 of the pressure bolts 30, 50. Their radial cross section has the shape of a circular ring segment. In the same way, the spaces between the individual fingers 40, 54 of each head 38, 52 have the shape of a circular ring segment with approximately the same area as the fingers 40, 54, so that the fingers 40 of one pressure pin 30 in the space between the fingers 52 of the other Pressure pin 50 are displaceable with play and the fingers 40 of the first pressure pin 30 together with the fingers 54 of the second pressure pin 50 form a cylinder ring. The closing springs 26, 28 are supported by the washers 48, 52 as described above on the ends of the fingers 40, 54 which project above the fingers 40, 54 of the other head 38, 52. In the rest position of the nozzle needle 18 and the closing springs 26, 28, the spaced-apart central regions of the two pressure bolts 30, 50 have a distance which is so large that contact is excluded when the nozzle needle 18 is fully open. To return leakage oil, the spring chamber 24 is connected via a channel 60 to a bore 62 for a connection nipple for a leakage oil line. The passage for leak oil from the spring chamber 24 to the axially opening channel 60 is formed by an oblique bore 56 in the free end part of the rod-shaped part 51 of the second pressure bolt 50, one end of which is coaxial with the hole of the disk 34 abutting in the base of the spring chamber 24 and the other end thereof open in a constriction 58 in the end section of the rod-shaped part 51.
Beim Einspritzvorgang führt die Ventilnadel 18 einen Vorhub h aus, bei welchem nur die erste Schließfeder 26 als Gegenkraft wirk¬ sam ist. Bei diesem Vorhub h wird eine begrenzte Voreinspritz- menge aus den Spritzöffnungen 20 ausgespritzt. Der Vorhub h ist beendet, wenn ein Anschlag 64 an der Ventilnadel 18 an dem Gegenan¬ schlag 66 der Zwischenbuchse 46 zur Anlage kommt. In dieser Stellung verharrt die Ventilnadel 18, bis der weiter ansteigende Kraftstoff- druck auch die Gegenkräfte beider Schließfedern 26, 28 überwindet. Danach wird die Ventilnadel 18 samt Zwischenbuchse 46 in Öffnungs¬ richtung weiter bewegt, bis sie nach einem Resthub h ihren Ge¬ samthub zurückgelegt hat. Dieser ist begrenzt durch den Gegenan¬ schlag 68 an der Zwischenscheibe 12, an der der Anschlag 70 an der Zwischenbuchse 46 anschlägt. Durch die Ausführung beider Schlie߬ federn 26, 28 mit gleichem Außendurchmesser, die AbStützung der zweiten Schließfeder 28 über einen Druckbolzen 50, der die erste Schließfeder 26 durchsetzt kann der Durchmesser der Federkammer 24 sehr klein gehalten und damit die Einspritzdüse insgesamt relativ schlank gemacht werden. Außerdem wird durch den stangenförmigen Teil 31, 51 der beiden Druckbolzen 30, 50 der Raum der Federkammer 24 voll ausgenutzt.During the injection process, the valve needle 18 performs a preliminary stroke h, in which only the first closing spring 26 is effective as a counterforce. With this preliminary stroke h, a limited pre-injection quantity is sprayed out of the spray openings 20. The preliminary stroke h is ended when a stop 64 on the valve needle 18 comes to rest against the counter stop 66 of the intermediate bush 46. The valve needle 18 remains in this position until the further increasing fuel pressure also overcomes the opposing forces of both closing springs 26, 28. Thereafter, the valve needle 18 together with the intermediate bush 46 is moved further in the opening direction until after a residual stroke h it has completed its entire stroke. This is limited by the counter stop 68 on the intermediate disk 12, on which the stop 70 strikes the intermediate bush 46. By designing both closing springs 26, 28 with the same outside diameter, supporting the second closing spring 28 by means of a pressure bolt 50 which penetrates the first closing spring 26, the diameter of the spring chamber 24 can be kept very small and the injection nozzle can thus be made relatively slim overall. In addition, the space of the spring chamber 24 is fully utilized by the rod-shaped part 31, 51 of the two pressure bolts 30, 50.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das beschriebene und dargestellte Aus¬ führungsbeispiel beschränkt. Alternativ können eine oder beide Druckbolzen 30, 50 auch zweiteilig ausgeführt werden, wobei jeweils der Kopf 38, 52 vom stangenförmigen Teil 31, 51 getrennt ist und sich der stangenförmige Teil in einer zentrischen Einbuchtung am Kopf abstützt. Insbesondere ist die Montage der Schließfeder 26, 28 und der Druckbolzen 30, 50 sehr einfach, wenn der dem Düsenkörper 10 näherliegende Druckbolzen 30 zweiteilig ausgebildet ist. Bei weiteren Variationen in der Gestaltung der Druckbolzen ist wesent¬ lich, daß die Köpfe der Druckbolzen einander durchdringen, so daß eine getrennte Wirkung der Schließfedern vorhanden ist. The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment described and illustrated. Alternatively, one or both Push bolts 30, 50 are also made in two parts, the head 38, 52 being separated from the rod-shaped part 31, 51 and the rod-shaped part being supported in a central indentation on the head. In particular, the assembly of the closing spring 26, 28 and the pressure pin 30, 50 is very simple if the pressure pin 30 closer to the nozzle body 10 is formed in two parts. In the case of further variations in the design of the pressure bolts, it is essential that the heads of the pressure bolts penetrate one another, so that the closing springs have a separate effect.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse für Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem eine Ventilnadel verschiebbar lagernden Düsenkörper und mit einem mit dem Düsenkörper verbundenen Düsenhalter, welcher eine Federkammer zur Aufnahme von zwei hintereinander angeordneten und nacheinander auf die Ventilnadel einwirkenden, als Schraubendruckfedem ausgebildeten Schließfedern enthält, von denen die vom Düsenkörper entferntere erste Schließfeder sich am Grund der Federkammer abstützt und über einen die zweite Schließfeder durchsetzenden Druckbolzen auf die Ventilnadel einwirkt, und von denen die dem Düsenkörper näher¬ liegende zweite Schließfeder sich gehauseseitig absützt und über ein Druckglied auf die Ventilnadel wirkt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die zweite Schließfeder (28) über einen die erste Schließfeder (26) durchsetzenden und gleichachsig zum ersten Druckbolzen (30) angeordneten zweiten Druckbolzen (50) am Grund (34) der Federkammer (24) abstützt, und daß die einander zugekehrten Enden beider Druck¬ bolzen (30, 50) Köpfe (38, 52) mit nebeneinander durchgreifenden Fingern (40, 54) tragen, auf denen sich die Schließfedern abstützen. 1.Fuel injection nozzle for internal combustion engines with a nozzle body displaceably supporting a valve needle and with a nozzle holder connected to the nozzle body, which contains a spring chamber for receiving two successively arranged and successively acting on the valve needle, designed as helical compression springs, of which the nozzle body more distant first closing spring is supported on the base of the spring chamber and acts on the valve needle via a pressure bolt passing through the second closing spring, and from which the second closing spring closer to the nozzle body is supported on the house side and acts on the valve needle via a pressure element, characterized in that the second closing spring (28) is supported on the base (34) of the spring chamber (24) by means of a second pressing bolt (50) which passes through the first closing spring (26) and is arranged coaxially with the first pressure bolt (30), and that the one another pulls opposite ends of both pressure bolts (30, 50) wear heads (38, 52) with fingers (40, 54) reaching through one another, on which the closing springs are supported.
2. Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Köpfe (38, 52) beider Druckbolzen (30, 50) formgleich ausge¬ bildet sind.2. Fuel injection nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the heads (38, 52) of the two pressure bolts (30, 50) are of identical shape.
3. Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Finger (40, 54) der Köpfe (38, 52) der Druckbolzen (30, 50) einen kreisringsegmentförmigen Querschnitt haben, und daß sich die Finger (40) des ersten Druckbolzens (30) mit den Fingern (54) des zweiten Druckbolzens (50) zu einem Zylinderring ergänzen.3. Fuel injection nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that the fingers (40, 54) of the heads (38, 52) of the pressure bolts (30, 50) have an annular segment-shaped cross section, and that the fingers (40) of the first pressure bolt (30) with the fingers (54) of the second pressure pin (50) to form a cylinder ring.
4. Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Schließfedern (26, 28) über je eine Scheibe (36, 48) auf den Fingern (40, 54) abstützen.4. Fuel injection nozzle according to one of claims 1 to 3, da¬ characterized in that the closing springs (26, 28) are supported by a washer (36, 48) on the fingers (40, 54).
5. Kraftstoff-Einspritzdüse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, da¬ durch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kopf (38, 52) mit den Fingern (40, 54) der Druckbolzen (30, 50) als vom stangenförmigen Teil (31, 51) ge¬ trenntes Teil ausgebildet ist. 5. Fuel injection nozzle according to one of claims 1 to 4, da¬ characterized in that the head (38, 52) with the fingers (40, 54) of the pressure pin (30, 50) as from the rod-shaped part (31, 51) ge part is formed.
EP91901693A 1990-02-23 1991-01-17 Fuel-injection valve for internal-combustion engines Expired - Lifetime EP0516628B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4005774 1990-02-23
DE4005774A DE4005774A1 (en) 1990-02-23 1990-02-23 IC engine fuel-injection nozzle - has coaxial thrust pins with fingers passing between each other and supporting springs
PCT/DE1991/000027 WO1991014092A1 (en) 1990-02-23 1991-01-17 Fuel-injection valve for internal-combustion engines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0516628A1 true EP0516628A1 (en) 1992-12-09
EP0516628B1 EP0516628B1 (en) 1994-04-06

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Country Status (5)

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US (1) US5244152A (en)
EP (1) EP0516628B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05504179A (en)
DE (2) DE4005774A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1991014092A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1991014092A1 (en) 1991-09-19
JPH05504179A (en) 1993-07-01
US5244152A (en) 1993-09-14
DE59101332D1 (en) 1994-05-11
DE4005774A1 (en) 1991-08-29
EP0516628B1 (en) 1994-04-06

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