EP0516009A1 - Jet connected to a device to increase the water depth of a watercourse - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of increasing the water depth of a watercourse, in particular for removing mud deposits from the bed of the watercourse. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for increasing the water depth of a watercourse, in particular for removing mud deposits from the bed of the watercourse, preferably a mobile device, preferably a dredger, preferably for carrying out the aforesaid method. The object of the method is to specify a method by means of which the water depth of a watercourse can be increased and as far as possible a flat bed of the watercourse is left behind after the method is carried out. This object is achieved according to the invention by virtue of the fact that material to be dredged is dredged from the bed of the watercourse and that the bed, which has become uneven due to the dredging, is then levelled and preferably lowered further by material of the bed being whirled up by blasting with a medium and by partly being removed by existing natural and/or artificially produced flow and by partly being lowered again in a uniformly distributed manner. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a method for increasing the water depth of a body of water, e.g. a fairway, a river, a port or the like, in particular for removing sludge deposits from the bottom of the body of water.

The invention further relates to a device for increasing the water depth of a body of water, in particular for removing sludge deposits from the bottom of the body of water, preferably a movable device, preferably an dredger, preferably for carrying out the aforementioned method.

The invention also relates to a flushing pipe of a flushing device, preferably for the aforementioned device.

Various methods are conventionally carried out to increase the water depth of a body of water. In particular, bodies of water are dredged for this purpose. Such dredging is often not feasible evenly, so that unevenness occurs in the dredged bottom of the water, so the bottom of the water is lower in some places and higher in some places. In order to level such a reason, this reason can be raked, for example by pulling a rake across the bottom of the water with a ship. Such a raking process is very labor intensive and energy intensive. Such a process is often not feasible in narrower waters, since the ship pulling the rake, for example a tug, is severely restricted in its maneuverability during this process. In addition, it can happen that the rake gets caught on the ground, on stones or other obstacles and is difficult to loosen, and may also be damaged.

The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method by means of which the water depth of a body of water can be increased and, after its implementation, a bottom of the body of water that is as flat as possible is left behind.

This object is achieved in that dredged material is dredged from the bottom of the body of water and that afterwards the bottom, which has become uneven due to the dredging, is leveled and preferably further lowered, that material of the bottom is whirled up by blasting with a medium and partly by existing natural and / or artificially generated flow is transported away, sometimes evenly distributed again.

In the method according to the invention, excavation is advantageously carried out first, whereby an uneven ground can easily arise. The material of the base is then whirled up so that it settles again at least more evenly, so that the unevenness caused by the excavation is compensated for. Depending on the current, however, the material swirled up in the bottom can also be transported over longer distances from the water in the water, so that the water depth can also be advantageously increased further by the swirling process. A sufficient flow for the removal of the whirled up material can preferably also be generated artificially.

In the method according to the invention, excavation is preferably carried out with a suction proboscis. The proboscis is preferably pulled over the bottom of the body of water, with suction channels that look like furrows appear in the bottom of the body of water. These channels are leveled by the subsequent whirling process or the bottom is preferably lowered even further.

As already mentioned, a flow can be used to remove the whirled up base material, which flow can be artificial or natural. According to the invention, it is advantageously provided that the existing flow is directed to a specific base area in a targeted and as concentrated manner as possible, so that the flow in this particular base area can propel the whirled up base material with a particularly great force.

An artificial flow can be generated in a particularly favorable manner by taking advantage of the propulsion of a device for carrying out the method, for example by moving a guide device with the device relative to which the water of the water flows, even when the water is at the bottom is more or less calm.

A device according to the invention for increasing the water depth of a body of water is characterized by an excavator device and by a flushing device with a flushing line for a flushing medium, at least a portion of which can be brought out to just above the bottom of the water, this part via at least one nozzle for generation a flushing medium jet.

In addition to the excavator device, a rinsing device is therefore provided, with which at least one jet of rinsing medium is generated, and just above the bottom of the water. The base material is whirled up by means of this jet and is preferably distributed by the existing flow. The existing excavator device preferably has an extractable proboscis.

The device according to the invention is preferably an excavator ship, in which the excavator device is arranged on the bow side than the flushing device, so that when the ship is propelled forward, the flushing device follows the dredging device with respect to the same area of the bottom of the body of water, i.e. an excavation process can first be carried out in the sense of the previously described method and the excavated ground is then leveled or further reduced by the flushing process.

The section of the flushing line that can be deployed above the bottom is arranged in the working position, preferably approximately dwars to the ship, that is to say transversely to the longitudinal axis of the ship, and approximately parallel to the base plane. This part of a flushing line, therefore, covering a certain working width, can also be pulled from the ground by a ship, as was conventionally the case with a rake, but the flushing line does not have to lie on the bottom, and therefore not as easily can get stuck on obstacles like such a rake. It is also possible to level a ground on which boulders or the like lie. With the nozzle jets of the flushing device, the space between these boulders is detected and leveled, whereby the flushing line section can still be located above the boulders. The subsection of the flushing line to be routed above the ground is preferably a flushing pipe, on which are arranged at (regular) intervals approximately radially directed (obliquely) basic nozzles with which the flushing medium jets are generated.

A preferred embodiment of the flushing line provides that the flushing line is designed as an approximately U-shaped bracket, the base section of which is the subsection of the flushing line that can be brought out above the ground, this section running through under the keel or bottom of the ship in the working position and the free ends the leg portions of the bracket are articulated approximately in the area of the ship's side walls.

A further development of the invention, for which independent protection is also claimed, provides a water guide surface that can be lowered above the ground.

With this water guiding surface, according to the invention, an existing or generated flow can be directed to certain basic areas of the water, whereby the guiding process, for example taking into account the Bernoulli or the continuity equation, allows the flow in this basic area to be specifically increased or tightened. The flow is preferably fed to the base region in that the flushing line with its nozzles whirls up the base in order to remove the material whirled up. The guide surface is therefore preferably arranged directly upstream of the subsection of the flushing line which is led above the ground. The directed flow also advantageously forms a water cushion, which additionally effectively prevents the subsequent subsection of the flushing line from sitting on the ground.

According to a development of the invention, the guide surface has an angle of inclination of preferably approximately 45 ° obliquely to the base, in such a way that a wedge shape is formed between the guide surface and the base, the edge of the guide surface facing the expected flow with the greater distance from the base. If the device according to the invention can be advanced, for example in the form of a ship, the higher edge points in the direction of travel of the ship, since at least the flow can be expected from this direction due to the speed of the ship. This driving flow is therefore advantageously used with the guide surface for further lowering the base. The effect achieved by the nozzles of the flushing line for whirling up the bottom is multiplied by means of the guide surface according to the invention, in particular the whirling up of the bottom itself is therefore also increased by means of the directed flow. If a corresponding reinforcement with the help of the flushing medium is achieved via the nozzles, a multiple amount of energy would be necessary.

Overall, the efficiency of the flushing device is significantly increased by the relatively simple attachment of a guide surface. The lower edge of the inclined guide surface facing away from the flow is preferably guided just above the base, so that the water flowing into the wedge shape between the base and the guide surface has to flow through a narrow gap between the lower edge of the guide surface and the base, whereby the base material is so strong entrains that the bottom behind the guide surface is hollowed down, that is, a step is created behind the area of the guide surface because the bottom in the area behind the guide surface is lowered by the flowing water.

The flushing pipe according to the invention of a flushing device, preferably a device according to one or more of claims 4 to 11, in particular a device according to claims 9 and 10 or 11, is characterized by at least one approximately radially directed nozzle for generating a flushing medium jet and by an outside on Flush pipe arranged guide surface with an angle of attack in the angular range between radial and tangential.

Thus, in a flushing device according to the invention, the guide surface is preferably arranged directly on the flushing tube, in such an angular range that the guide surface is directed obliquely to the bottom in the working position of the flushing tube in the direction of the flushing tube. The water flowing to the guide surface is thus forced through the guide surface under the flushing pipe, so that the base area under the flushing pipe is cleared away and, moreover, the flushing pipe rests more or less more securely against damage on a water cushion or water flow. The guide surface preferably has an angle of attack of approximately 45 ° to the radial direction of the tube.

The guide surface is preferably attached to one of its longitudinal edges (directly) on the outer circumference of the flushing pipe. For example the guide surface can be essentially a sheet metal that is welded to the tube.

The guide surface is preferably arranged a quarter of the circumference of the flushing pipe away from the nozzle or nozzles, preferably somewhat less. In the working position of the flushing pipe, the nozzles point essentially downwards in the direction of the base, preferably at a slight angle, while the guide surface is arranged on the front of the flushing pipe, the front being the side facing the expected flow or the Direction of travel of the ship pulling the flushing device. The guide surface extends essentially along the flushing pipe.

A further development of the invention provides that the guide surface has a kink edge running parallel to the flushing pipe, along which the guide surface is bent in the direction away from the flushing pipe. The guide surface is preferably designed such that the fixed section of the guide surface is so long that the free, kinked section of the guide surface is approximately congruent with the tangent running parallel to the radial. So while in the working position of the flushing pipe the fixed section of the guide surface attached to the flushing pipe is directed obliquely to the bottom, the free, kinked section runs approximately parallel to the bottom, so that overall the flowing water can flow into a type of funnel formed by the guide surface and into Direction is directed to the bottom to rinse the bottom. A further development of the invention provides that console-like stiffening ribs are provided perpendicular to the guide surface and dividing the area under the guide surface into compartments. These ribs not only stiffen the guide surface, but also form compartments that could be viewed as flow channels for the water.

The guide surface is preferably designed as a guide plate.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Baggerschiffes,

Fig. 2

eine Draufsicht auf das Baggerschiff gemäß Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

den Heckbereich des Baggerschiffes gemäß Fig. 1 in der Seitenansicht,

Fig. 4

den Abschnitt einer Spülleitung in der Draufsicht im Heckbereich eines Baggerschiffes gemäß Fig. 2 und

Fig. 5

einen Schnitt durch das Spülrohr einer Spüleinrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 entlang der in Fig. 4 mit V-V bezeichneten strichpunktierten Linie.

An embodiment from which further inventive features result is shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a side view of an dredger according to the invention,

Fig. 2

2 shows a plan view of the dredger according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

1 in side view, the stern area of the dredger according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 4

the section of a flushing line in plan view in the stern area of an excavator ship according to FIG. 2 and

Fig. 5

3 shows a section through the flushing pipe of a flushing device according to FIG. 4 along the dash-dotted line labeled VV in FIG. 4.

Fig. 1 shows a dredger in side view. This dredger has, in particular in connection with an excavator device, an extractable proboscis 1 which can be brought out and swung down in such a way that its free end can be pulled over the bottom 2 of a body of water, with channels 3 being dredged in the bottom 2 to increase the water depth. This excavator device with suction nozzle 1 is arranged in the region of the bow of the dredger.

In the stern area, the dredger has a flushing device 4 with a flushing line 5. A section of the flushing line 5 is a flushing pipe 6 which runs dwars, that is to say transversely to the longitudinal direction of the ship. In the working position drawn with solid lines in FIG. 1, this flushing pipe 6 is held just above the bottom 2 and runs under the stern area of the ship.

The flushing line 5 can be brought into a rest position, which is indicated in FIG. 1 with dash-dotted lines, in which the flushing line is above the water surface and parallel to the water surface, the flushing pipe 6 running behind the stern of the ship. For this purpose, the flushing line 5 is pivotally arranged with its free ends in the area of the ship's side wall.

From FIG. 2, which shows a top view of the dredger according to FIG. 1, it can be seen in particular that the flushing line 5 is essentially U-shaped, the flushing tube 6 being the basis of this U-shape.

Fig. 3 shows the stern area of the dredger according to Fig. 1 in side view again in an enlarged view.

In this representation of FIG. 3, the suction line 5 is shown again in more detail, also in its movement sequence when swiveling up and down. The flushing line has in its two leg regions essentially two joints 7 and 8, around which it can be pivoted or angled. In particular, the flushing tube 6 can be pivoted about the joint 8 and additionally about a joint 9, so that the flushing tube 6 does not get into the area of the propeller 10 of the dredger when the flushing line 5 is swung up into the rest position.

On the flushing pipe 6, a nozzle 11 pointing downward in the working position is indicated, with which a flushing medium jet can be generated. This nozzle is directed somewhat obliquely against the base 2. On the front of the flushing pipe 6 pointing in the direction of travel of the dredger, a guide surface 12 is arranged along the flushing pipe 6, which is in the working position 6 just above the base 2 at approximately a 45 ° angle to the base 2, the free area 13 of the guide surface 12 is angled relative to the remaining area of the guide surface 12, in such a way that this free area 13 points approximately tangentially to the flushing pipe 6 and parallel to the base 2.

The guide surface 12 also has console-like stiffening ribs 14 which divide the area delimited from the regions of the guide surface 12, 13 into compartments or channels through which flowing water is passed, the flowing water being able to come from a natural flow of the water or else can be generated simply by the propulsion of the dredger.

4 shows a top view of the flushing pipe 6.

4 shows in particular that the guide surface 12 extends almost over the entire length of the flushing pipe 6 and that stiffening ribs 14 are present at regular intervals, each of which delimits compartments or channels 15.

There may also be a plurality of nozzles 11, which are preferably arranged at regular intervals along the flushing pipe 6, for example approximately at the intervals at which the stiffening ribs 14 are also arranged.

In the area of the propeller 10, the guide surface 12 could, if necessary, have cutouts so as not to impede the pivoting process of the flushing pipe 5.

FIG. 5 shows a section through the flushing pipe 6 according to FIG. 4 along the dash-dotted line labeled V-V in FIG. 4.

In this enlarged representation of the cross section of the flushing pipe 6, the arrangement and design is even better the guide surface 12 and the nozzles 11 can be seen. The angle 16 between the corresponding radial of the flushing pipe 6 and the guide surface 12 is preferably approximately 45 °.

In addition, the course of the rinsed base 2 is indicated in FIG. 5. The water flowing in from the right in the illustration of FIG. 5 is directed downwards from the guide surface 12 against the base 2 and forced under the flushing pipe 6, where there is only a small gap between the flushing pipe 6 and the bottom 2, since the flushing pipe 6 is scarce is held above ground 2. The bottom 2 is washed away below the flushing pipe 6 by this flow process. In particular, the base material whirled up by the nozzles 11 is carried along by the flowing water. As a result, a step 17 forms in the bottom 2, which also progresses in the bottom 2 as the flushing device progresses, so that the bottom 2 is ultimately lowered more deeply by this flushing and flow process. In particular, the efficiency of the flushing device is effectively increased by the guide surface 12. In addition, the base 2 is leveled by the flow process, in particular the channels 3 caused by the proboscis 1.

Claims (21)

Method for increasing the water depth of a body of water, for example a fairway, a river, a port or the like, in particular for removing sludge deposits from the bottom of the body of water,
characterized,
that dredged material is dredged from the bottom of the body of water and that the bottom, which has become uneven due to the dredging, is then leveled and preferably further lowered, that material of the bottom is whirled up by blasting with a medium and is partly removed by existing natural and / or artificially generated flow , sometimes evenly spreads down again. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the excavation is carried out by means of a suction nozzle excavator. Method for increasing the water depth of a body of water, preferably according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the existing natural and / or the flow of the water of the water artificially generated by propulsion of the device used is used for whirling up and / or removing the material of the bottom by flowing water over the bottom. Device for increasing the water depth of a body of water, in particular for removing sludge deposits from the bottom of the body of water, preferably movable device, preferably an dredger, preferably for carrying out the method according to one or more of the preceding claims,
marked by
an excavator device and a flushing device (4) with a flushing line (5) for a flushing medium, of which at least one section (flushing pipe 6) can be brought out to just above the bottom (2) of the water, this part via at least one nozzle (11 ) to generate a flushing medium jet. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the excavator device comprises an extractable proboscis (1). Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the device is an dredger, in which the dredging device is arranged on the bow side than the flushing device (4), so that when the ship is propelled forward, the flushing device (4) of the dredging device with respect to the same area of the bottom (2) follows the body of water. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the portion of the flushing line (5) which can be brought out over the bottom (2) extends approximately dwars to the ship in the working position, approximately parallel to the base plane. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the section of the flushing line (5) is a flushing pipe (6) on which are arranged at (regular) intervals approximately radially directed (obliquely) basic nozzles (11). Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the flushing line (5) is designed as an approximately U-shaped bracket, the base section of which is the part section (flushing pipe 6) which can be brought out above the ground, this section in the working position under the keel or bottom of the Ship passes through and the free ends of the leg portions of the bracket are articulated approximately in the region of the ship's side walls. Device for increasing the water depth of a body of water, preferably according to one or more of claims 4 to 9, characterized by a water guide surface (12) which can be lowered over the base (2). Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the guide surface (12) in the working position has an angle of attack (16) of preferably approximately 45 ° obliquely to the base (2), such that a wedge shape is formed between the guide surface (12) and base (2) the edge of the guide surface (13) faces the expected flow with the greater distance to the base (2). Flushing pipe of a flushing device, preferably a device according to one or more of claims 4 to 11, in particular a device according to claim 9 and 10 or 11, characterized by at least one approximately radially directed nozzle (11) for generating a flushing medium jet and by an outside of the flushing pipe ( 6) arranged guide surface (12) with an angle of attack (16) in the angular range between radial and tangential. Flushing pipe according to claim 12, characterized in that the guide surface (12) has an angle of attack of approximately 45 ° to the radial direction. Flushing pipe according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the guide surface (12) is attached to one of its longitudinal edges on the outer circumference of the flushing pipe (6). Flushing pipe according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the guide surface (12) is arranged about a quarter circumference of the flushing pipe (6) away from the nozzle (11), preferably somewhat less. Flushing pipe according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the guide surface (12) extends essentially along the flushing pipe (6). Flushing pipe according to one or more of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the guide surface (12) has a kink edge running parallel to the flushing pipe (6), along which the guide surface (12) is bent away in the direction away from the flushing pipe (6). Flushing pipe according to claim 14 and 17, characterized in that the free kinked section (13) of the guide surface (12, 13) runs parallel to the radial, at the point of intersection with the circumference of the flushing pipe (6) the guide surface (12) attaches. Flushing pipe according to claim 18, characterized in that the fixed section (12) of the guide surface is so long that the free, kinked section (13) of the guide surface is approximately congruent with the tangent of the flushing pipe (6) running parallel to the radial. Flushing pipe according to one or more of claims 12 to 19, characterized by console-like stiffening ribs (14) arranged perpendicular to the guide surface (12, 13) and dividing the area under the guide surface (12, 13) into compartments (15). Flushing pipe according to one or more of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that the guide surface (12, 13) is a guide plate.

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