EP0515560A1 - Drier for divided materials. - Google Patents

Drier for divided materials.

Info

Publication number
EP0515560A1
EP0515560A1 EP19910905408 EP91905408A EP0515560A1 EP 0515560 A1 EP0515560 A1 EP 0515560A1 EP 19910905408 EP19910905408 EP 19910905408 EP 91905408 A EP91905408 A EP 91905408A EP 0515560 A1 EP0515560 A1 EP 0515560A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
product
enclosure
conveyor
steam
dryer according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19910905408
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0515560B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Louis Boy-Marcotte
Solange Mirigay
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
THIROUARD PROMILL
Bertin Technologies SAS
Original Assignee
Bertin et Cie SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bertin et Cie SA filed Critical Bertin et Cie SA
Publication of EP0515560A1 publication Critical patent/EP0515560A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0515560B1 publication Critical patent/EP0515560B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
    • F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
    • F26B11/0404—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis with internal subdivision of the drum, e.g. for subdividing or recycling the material to be dried
    • F26B11/0413—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis with internal subdivision of the drum, e.g. for subdividing or recycling the material to be dried the subdivision consisting of concentric walls, e.g. multi-pass or recirculation systems; the subdivision consisting of spiral-shaped walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B7/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes using a combination of processes not covered by a single one of groups F26B3/00 and F26B5/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dryer for divided products and, more particularly, to such a dryer operating using a stream of superheated steam, under pressure.
  • Many products come in divided forms and must be able to be dried industrially.
  • French patent No. 2,524,129 is known in the name of the applicant, a process which calls for direct convective exchange between the product and a stream of superheated steam. According to this process, a constant flow of water vapor is used, circulating in a closed circuit, serving both as a carrier and heat transfer fluid, at a temperature situated beyond the saturation stage, a small fraction of the vapor current is extracted, equivalent to the amount of water extracted from the dried product, this fraction is subjected to mechanical compression allowing its evacuation in liquid form, after recovery and recycling of its latent heat of condensation.
  • the aforementioned patent also describes an installation for implementing this process, as well as French patents No. 2,563,327 and No. 2,607,230 also in the name of the applicant, relating to particular configurations of such an installation .
  • the present invention therefore aims to achieve a dryer for divided products which does not have these drawbacks of space and therefore heavy investment, drying facilities described above.
  • a dryer for divided products of the type which comprises an enclosure, means for establishing in this enclosure a circulation in a closed circuit 'a stream of superheated steam, means for transporting the product to be dried through the enclosure so that it passes into the stream of superheated steam and a steam outlet to allow evacuation from the enclosure of the steam extracted from the dried product.
  • the dryer comprises, arranged in this order along the horizontal axis of an enclosure with a cylindrical body maintained under pressure of a few bars, a member for maintaining the circulation in closed circuit of water vapor, an exchanger / superheater for superheating the water vapor to a determined temperature, a circulating bed conveyor comprising at least one rotary drum and vanes to ensure the rainfall of the product in the conveyor and, by action combined with that of the steam flow, the progress of the product, and a member for separating, at the outlet of the drum conveyor, the dried product from the steam, recycled between the conveyor and the body of the enclosure.
  • the on-line arrangement on the same axis of the main organs of the dryer proves advantageous by the convenience of their installation and their maintenance in an enclosure of smaller volume and easily accessible.
  • this arrangement makes it possible to increase the exchange surface at the level of the exchanger / superheater, to reduce the pressure losses, as well as the fouling and mechanical forces exerted by the pressure of the fluid on the drum conveyor, especially.
  • the dryer comprises introduction means divided product to be dried in one enclosure and means for discharging the products treated in this enclosure, these means for introducing and removing being designed to simultaneously seal the enclosure under pressure.
  • these take the form of an extrusion screw compressing the extruded product itself so that it constitutes a seal, a function thus hurt combined with the basic function of these screws, which consists in ensuring the introduction or the extraction of the product into or out of the enclosure, respectively.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram in axial section of the dryer according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section of the dryer according to the invention, taken along the section line II-II of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a section through the separation device used in the dryer according to the invention, taken along the section line III-III in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram in axial section of a member for introducing or removing the product divided into or out of the dryer according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram in axial section of another embodiment of such a member.
  • the dryer according to the invention comprises an enclosure 1 with a cylindrical body with a horizontal axis designed to be vapor-tight under pressure.
  • this dryer for drying the beet pulp, given only by way of example, water vapor is used in this enclosure at a pressure of approximately 4 bars. This pressure level is fixed on the one hand by the desired quality of the product and on the other part by the use that one intends to make of the steam extracted from the dryer.
  • a divided product to be treated is introduced into this enclosure through a chute 2 and leaves the enclosure through a conduit 3.
  • These means for introducing and removing the product are respectively arranged first at the top and upstream, the second at bottom and downstream of a drum conveyor 4 interposed between them.
  • a drum conveyor is well known per se in the art under the name of "drum dryer”. It consists of several coaxial cylindrical ferrules 5, 6, 7 of increasing diameters, these ferrules being integral and nested one inside the other so as to form baffles from the axis towards the periphery of the conveyor following the direction of circulation of steam and therefore product in this tumble dryer.
  • part 5 opens at its right end (from the point of view of the figure) into the bottom of part 6 which in turn opens into the bottom of part 7 as indicated in FIG. 1 by the arrows f and F respectively.
  • the ferrules 5, 6 and 7 are internally lined with vanes 8, constituted, for example, by simple straight or helical gutters.
  • the rotary drum conveyor 4 thus conventionally establishes a "circulating" bed of product to be dried which progresses from the inlet 9 towards the outlet 10 of the conveyor, carried at the same time by a stream of superheated steam introduced with the product to be dried by the inlet 9, and by the effect of driving the blades 8 of the cylindrical ferrules 5, 6, 7 of the conveyor of which they are integral.
  • These vanes 8 pick up the product at the bottom of each ferrule of the conveyor to raise it up to its upper part from where this product falls back in "oblique rain” in the vapor current.
  • This establishes a maximum contact surface between the stream of superheated steam and the product to be dried, which for example takes the form of chips.
  • the water which permeates the product is then vaporized by the heat provided by the steam current and a drier product leaves the conveyor to enter the separation device 11.
  • the dryer according to the invention further comprises a fan 15 and an exchanger / superheater 16 placed upstream of the conveyor 4, on the axis thereof.
  • the fan 15, the exchanger 16, the conveyor 4 and the separation device 11 are they arranged in line and coaxially inside the enclosure, according to a particularly compact arrangement, of easy assembly and maintenance, capable of reducing the dimensions of the installation while allowing recycling of the superheated steam used to dry the product.
  • the water vapor which leaves an upper opening 24 of the separation device 11 according to the arrow g is it brought to the left of the dryer (from the point of view of FIG. 1) by the suction developed at this end by the fan 15 (arrows g ′, g ′′).
  • the dryer according to the invention described above then operates as follows.
  • the wet product divided to dry being placed in the chute 2 and introduced into the enclosure 1 by a member 19 which will be described in the following of this description, falls on a plate 20 which guides it towards the inlet 9 of the drum 4.
  • This inlet 9 is itself connected through the seal 12 to the outlet of the conduit 18 so that the steam thus introduced into the conveyor 4 propels the product to be dried, the steam being superheated in the exchanger 16 at a determined temperature higher than the saturation temperature corresponding to the operating pressure of the dryer.
  • the drive means (not shown) rotate the conveyor 4 which is carried by the rollers 21 (see FIG. 2) and connected to the duct 18 and to the device 11 by the revolving joints 12, 12 ′, as has been seen above.
  • Water extracted from the product then vaporizes and is added to the stream of water vapor which leaves the apparatus 11 for separation.
  • a take steam 23 is placed for this purpose upstream of the fan 15, at the end of the path followed by the recycled water vapor between drum and enclosure.
  • the energy of the superheated water vapor thus extracted by the outlet 23 can be reused in a factory where the dryer according to the invention is installed, the sources of pressurized water vapor finding numerous applications in the industry, especially in sweets. It is necessary to regenerate at the inlet 9 of the conveyor 4 a stream of superheated steam having a determined total energy.
  • the fan 15 restores the initial kinetic energy of the vapor by compensating for the losses suffered in passing through the conveyor, the separation device 11 and in its return to the inlet of the fan 15.
  • the thermal energy initial steam is likewise restored in the exchanger / superheater 16 supplied by a high pressure HP steam source, with a condensation temperature higher than the temperature at which the enclosure vapor must be superheated.
  • the separation device 11 may conventionally consist of a cyclone separator (see FIG. 3) tangentially connected to the outlet 10 of the conveyor 4. It is necessary for the inlet chute 2 and the outlet conduit 3 provided respectively for 1 introduction of the product into the enclosure and the evacuation of the treated product out of this enclosure, do not introduce steam leaks which would decrease the thermal performance of the dryer and would disturb the vapor pressure adjusted in this enclosure, which can be by example of the order of 4 bars for a temperature of approximately 143 °, in the application envisaged above for drying the beet pulp.
  • a debtor member 19 shown schematically in Figure 4 of the accompanying drawing, it takes the form of a cylindrical screw with variable pitch, well known in particular for the extrusion of plastics. As shown in hatching in FIG. 4, a volume of the product entrained by such a screw undergoes compression in its progression along the oriented axis of the screw.
  • This compression of the product transported is used in the present invention to ensure effective clogging of the inlet 2 and the outlet 3, using the product to be transported itself which, in its compressed form, constitutes a tight seal which is opposed to any steam leak.
  • the invention thus combines two functions, transport and sealing, in the same organ. According to a second embodiment of the invention, it is possible, to limit the steam leaks, to use an air back pressure as is conventionally practiced on steam turbines.
  • the invention is not limited to the use of the extrusion screw shown in FIG. 4.
  • Other types of sealed debtor organs could also be used, such as capsulometric debtors.
  • the dryer according to the invention thus has various advantages which are brought in particular by the horizontal in-line arrangement of its essential organs in an enclosure with a cylindrical body, favorable from the point of view of the bulk, the pressure resistance and the fluid mechanics.
  • An installation of equivalent productivity produced in accordance with the invention would have an enclosure volume of approximately 800 m 3 for a diameter of 7 m, this dimension being essentially determined by the outside diameter of the circulating bed conveyor.
  • a conveyor that can be used in the present invention consists of the rotary drum dryer 5 m in diameter currently manufactured by the French company PROMILL.

Abstract

Il comprend, agencé dans cet ordre sur un même axe à l'intérieur d'une enceinte à corps cylindrique (1), un ventilateur (15) pour entretenir la circulation en circuit fermé d'un courant de vapeur d'eau sous pression surchauffée à une température déterminée, un échangeur/surchauffeur (16) pour réchauffer la vapeur d'eau à la température déterminée, un convoyeur (4) à tambour rotatif pour assurer la progression du produit à sécher en un lit circulant à l'intérieur d'une partie axiale du courant de vapeur et un appareil (11) pour séparer la vapeur d'eau à recycler du produit séché qui sort du convoyeur en (3). Application à la déshydratation de production agricole tels que pulpe de betterave ou fourrages.It comprises, arranged in this order on the same axis inside a chamber with a cylindrical body (1), a fan (15) for maintaining the circulation in closed circuit of a stream of steam of water under superheated pressure. at a determined temperature, an exchanger / superheater (16) to reheat the water vapor to the determined temperature, a conveyor (4) with rotary drum to ensure the progression of the product to be dried in a circulating bed inside an axial part of the vapor stream and an apparatus (11) for separating the water vapor to be recycled from the dried product which leaves the conveyor at (3). Application to the dehydration of agricultural production such as beet pulp or fodder.

Description

Séchoir pour produits divisés.Drier for divided products.
La présente invention est relative à un séchoir pour produits divisés et, plus particulièrement, à un tel séchoir opérant à l'aide d'un courant de vapeur surchauffée, sous pression. De nombreux produits se présentent sous des formes divisées et doivent pouvoir être séchés de manière industrielle. Comme exemple de tels produits divisés, présentant un rapport surface/volume élevé, on peut citer des grains ou granulés, des feuilles ou feuillages, la pulpe de betterave, etc...The present invention relates to a dryer for divided products and, more particularly, to such a dryer operating using a stream of superheated steam, under pressure. Many products come in divided forms and must be able to be dried industrially. As an example of such divided products, having a high surface / volume ratio, mention may be made of grains or granules, leaves or foliage, beet pulp, etc.
Pour sécher de tels produits, on connaît du brevet français No. 2 524 129 au nom de la demanderesse, un procédé qui fait appel à un échange convectif direct entre le produit et un courant de vapeur d'eau surchauffée. Suivant ce procédé, on fait circuler en circuit fermé un débit constant de vapeur d'eau servant à la fois de fluide vecteur et caloporteur, à une température située au-delà du palier de saturation, on extrait une petite fraction du courant de vapeur, équivalente à la quantité d'eau extraite du produit séché, on soumet cette fraction à une compression mécanique permettant son évacuation sous forme liquide, après récupération et recyclage de sa chaleur latente de condensation. Le brevet précité décrit aussi une installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé, de même que les brevets français No. 2.563.327 et No. 2 607 230 également au nom de la demanderesse, relatifs à des configurations particulières d'une telle installation.To dry such products, French patent No. 2,524,129 is known in the name of the applicant, a process which calls for direct convective exchange between the product and a stream of superheated steam. According to this process, a constant flow of water vapor is used, circulating in a closed circuit, serving both as a carrier and heat transfer fluid, at a temperature situated beyond the saturation stage, a small fraction of the vapor current is extracted, equivalent to the amount of water extracted from the dried product, this fraction is subjected to mechanical compression allowing its evacuation in liquid form, after recovery and recycling of its latent heat of condensation. The aforementioned patent also describes an installation for implementing this process, as well as French patents No. 2,563,327 and No. 2,607,230 also in the name of the applicant, relating to particular configurations of such an installation .
Le procédé et les installations qui font l'objet des documents précités ont été conçus pour minimiser la dépense d'énergie nécessaire au fonctionnement des installations en régime continu. A ce titre ils donnent satisfaction du fait qu'il suffit d'un faible apport d'énergie mécanique pour entretenir la circulation de la vapeur d'eau et assurer la compression de sa fraction extraite, et d'un faible appoint d'énergie thermique pour maintenir la température moyenne de la vapeur.The process and the installations which are the subject of the abovementioned documents were designed to minimize the energy expenditure necessary for the operation of the installations in continuous regime. As such, they are satisfactory in that it suffices with a small amount of mechanical energy to maintain the circulation of water vapor and ensure the compression of its fraction. extracted, and a small amount of thermal energy to maintain the average temperature of the steam.
Néanmoins le séchage de certains produits divisés notamment d'origine agricole tels que la pulpe de betterave ou des fourrages, en particulier la luzerne, sont des opérations à faible valeur ajoutée qui ne permettent pas un amortissement rapide d'installations de construction coûteuse. Or les installations évoquées ci- dessus, utilisant de la vapeur d'eau à la pression atmosphérique, sont très volumineuses. En outre elles font appel à une compression mécanique d'une fraction prélevée de la vapeur d'eau, en vue de la récupération de sa chaleur latente de condensation, cette opération étant exécutée à 1'aide de compresseurs électromécaniques de construction coûteuse. Lorsque de telles installations sont consacrées au séchage de produits à faible valeur ajoutée, l'amortissement de l'investissement important qu'exige leur construction devient trop long pour être économiquement acceptable, car la meilleure qualité du produit sec obtenu n'est pas valorisable, comme c'est le cas, par exemple, dans le cadre du marché de 1'alimentation animale.However, the drying of certain divided products, in particular of agricultural origin, such as beet pulp or fodder, in particular alfalfa, are operations with low added value which do not allow rapid depreciation of expensive construction installations. However, the installations mentioned above, using water vapor at atmospheric pressure, are very bulky. In addition, they use mechanical compression of a fraction taken from the water vapor, with a view to recovering its latent heat of condensation, this operation being carried out using electromechanical compressors of expensive construction. When such facilities are devoted to drying products with low added value, the amortization of the significant investment required for their construction becomes too long to be economically acceptable, because the best quality of the dry product obtained cannot be reused, as is the case, for example, in the context of the animal feed market.
La présente invention a donc pour but de réaliser un séchoir pour produits divisés qui ne présente pas ces inconvénients d'encombrement et donc de lourd investissement, des installations de séchage décrites ci- dessus.The present invention therefore aims to achieve a dryer for divided products which does not have these drawbacks of space and therefore heavy investment, drying facilities described above.
On atteint ce but de l'invention, ainsi que d'autres qui apparaîtront dans la suite de la présente description avec un séchoir pour produits divisés, du type qui comprend une enceinte, des moyens pour établir dans cette enceinte une circulation en circuit fermé d'un courant de vapeur d'eau surchauffée, des moyens pour transporter le produit à sécher à travers 1'enceinte de manière qu'il passe dans le courant de vapeur d'eau surchauffée et une prise de vapeur pour permettre l'évacuation hors de l'enceinte de la vapeur extraite du produit séché. Suivant l'invention le séchoir comprend, agencé dans cet ordre suivant l'axe horizontal d'une enceinte à corps cylindrique maintenue sous pression de quelques bars, un organe pour entretenir la circulation en circuit fermé de la vapeur d ' eau , un échangeur/surchauffeur pour surchauffer la vapeur d'eau à une température déterminée, un convoyeur à lit circulant comprenant au moins un tambour rotatif et des aubes pour assurer la chute en pluie du produit dans le convoyeur et, par action combinée avec celle du flux de vapeur, la progression du produit, et un organe pour séparer à la sortie du convoyeur à tambour le produit séché de la vapeur d'eau, recyclée entre le convoyeur et le corps de 1'enceinte. L'agencement en ligne sur un même axe des principaux organes du séchoir s'avère avantageux par la commodité de leur implantation et de leur maintenance dans une enceinte de moindre volume et facilement accessible. En outre cet agencement permet d'augmenter la surface d'échange au niveau de 1 'échangeur/surchauffeur, de réduire les pertes de charge, ainsi que l'encrassement et les efforts mécaniques exercés par la pression du fluide sur le convoyeur à tambour, notamment.This object of the invention is achieved, as well as others which will appear in the following of this description with a dryer for divided products, of the type which comprises an enclosure, means for establishing in this enclosure a circulation in a closed circuit 'a stream of superheated steam, means for transporting the product to be dried through the enclosure so that it passes into the stream of superheated steam and a steam outlet to allow evacuation from the enclosure of the steam extracted from the dried product. According to the invention the dryer comprises, arranged in this order along the horizontal axis of an enclosure with a cylindrical body maintained under pressure of a few bars, a member for maintaining the circulation in closed circuit of water vapor, an exchanger / superheater for superheating the water vapor to a determined temperature, a circulating bed conveyor comprising at least one rotary drum and vanes to ensure the rainfall of the product in the conveyor and, by action combined with that of the steam flow, the progress of the product, and a member for separating, at the outlet of the drum conveyor, the dried product from the steam, recycled between the conveyor and the body of the enclosure. The on-line arrangement on the same axis of the main organs of the dryer proves advantageous by the convenience of their installation and their maintenance in an enclosure of smaller volume and easily accessible. In addition, this arrangement makes it possible to increase the exchange surface at the level of the exchanger / superheater, to reduce the pressure losses, as well as the fouling and mechanical forces exerted by the pressure of the fluid on the drum conveyor, especially.
En outre, cet agencement horizontal en ligne des organes du séchoir, combiné à l'utilisation de vapeur d'eau sous pression qui accroît la capacité calorifique par unité de volume de cette vapeur par rapport à celle de la vapeur d'eau à la pression atmosphérique, permet de réaliser dans une enceinte à corps cylindrique une structure plus compacte impliquant des investissements en matériel beaucoup moins lourd que les dispositifs de séchage de la technique antérieure décrits ci-dessus. L'absence de compresseur électromécanique dans le séchoir suivant 1 ' invention permet de réduire encore cet investissement.In addition, this horizontal in-line arrangement of the organs of the dryer, combined with the use of pressurized steam which increases the heat capacity per unit volume of this steam compared to that of steam at pressure atmospheric, allows a more compact structure to be produced in an enclosure with a cylindrical body, involving investments in much lighter material than the drying devices of the prior art described above. The absence of an electromechanical compressor in the dryer according to the invention makes it possible to further reduce this investment.
Suivant un autre aspect du séchoir selon l'invention, celui-ci comprend des moyens d'introduction du produit divisé à sécher dans 1 ' enceinte et des moyens d'évacuation des produits traités dans cette enceinte, ces moyens d ' introduction et d ' évacuation étant conçus pour assurer simultanément l'étanchéité de l'enceinte sous pression.According to another aspect of the dryer according to the invention, it comprises introduction means divided product to be dried in one enclosure and means for discharging the products treated in this enclosure, these means for introducing and removing being designed to simultaneously seal the enclosure under pressure.
Suivant un premier mode de réalisation, ceux-ci prennent la forme d'une vis d'extrusion comprimant le produit extrudé lui-même de manière que celui-ci constitue un joint d ' étanchéité , fonction ainsi combinée heureusement à la fonction de base de ces vis, qui consiste à assurer l'introduction ou l'extraction du produit dans ou hors de l'enceinte, respectivement.According to a first embodiment, these take the form of an extrusion screw compressing the extruded product itself so that it constitutes a seal, a function thus happily combined with the basic function of these screws, which consists in ensuring the introduction or the extraction of the product into or out of the enclosure, respectively.
D'autres caractéristiques du séchoir selon 1 ' invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre et à l'examen du dessin annexé dans lequel :Other characteristics of the dryer according to the invention will appear on reading the description which follows and on examining the appended drawing in which:
- la figure 1 est un schéma en coupe axiale du séchoir selon l'invention,FIG. 1 is a diagram in axial section of the dryer according to the invention,
- la figure 2 est une coupe transversale du séchoir selon l'invention, prise suivant le trait de coupe II-II de la figure 1,FIG. 2 is a cross section of the dryer according to the invention, taken along the section line II-II of FIG. 1,
- la figure 3 est une coupe de l'appareil de séparation utilisé dans le séchoir selon l'invention, prise suivant le trait de coupe III-III de la figure 1,FIG. 3 is a section through the separation device used in the dryer according to the invention, taken along the section line III-III in FIG. 1,
- la figure 4 est un schéma en coupe axiale d'un organe d'introduction ou d'évacuation du produit divisé dans ou hors du séchoir selon l'invention, etFIG. 4 is a diagram in axial section of a member for introducing or removing the product divided into or out of the dryer according to the invention, and
- la figure 5 est un schéma en coupe axiale d'un autre mode de réalisation d'un tel organe.- Figure 5 is a diagram in axial section of another embodiment of such a member.
On se réfère à la figure 1 du dessin annexé où il apparaît que le séchoir selon 1'invention comprend une enceinte 1 à corps cylindrique d'axe horizontal conçue pour être étanche à la vapeur sous pression. Dans une application particulière de ce séchoir au séchage de la pulpe de betterave, donnée seulement à titre d'exemple, on utilise dans cette enceinte de la vapeur d'eau à une pression d'environ 4 bars. Ce niveau de pression est fixé d'une part par la qualité désirée du produit et d'autre part par 1'utilisation que 1'on compte faire de la vapeur extraite du séchoir.Reference is made to FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawing in which it appears that the dryer according to the invention comprises an enclosure 1 with a cylindrical body with a horizontal axis designed to be vapor-tight under pressure. In a particular application of this dryer for drying the beet pulp, given only by way of example, water vapor is used in this enclosure at a pressure of approximately 4 bars. This pressure level is fixed on the one hand by the desired quality of the product and on the other part by the use that one intends to make of the steam extracted from the dryer.
Un produit divisé à traiter est introduit dans cette enceinte par une goulotte 2 et ressort de 1'enceinte par un conduit 3. Ces moyens d'introduction et d'évacuation du produit sont respectivement disposés le premier en haut et en amont, le second en bas et en aval d'un convoyeur à tambour 4 interposé entre eux. Un tel convoyeur est bien connu en soi dans la technique sous le nom de "séchoir à tambour". Il est constitué de plusieurs viroles cylindriques coaxiales 5, 6, 7 de diamètres croissants, ces viroles étant solidaires et emboîtées les unes dans les autres de manière à former des chicanes de 1'axe vers la périphérie du convoyeur en suivant le sens de circulation de la vapeur et donc du produit dans ce séchoir à tambour. Ainsi la partie 5 débouche-t-elle à son extrémité droite (du point de vue de la figure) dans le fond de la partie 6 qui s'ouvre à son tour dans le fond de la partie 7 comme indiqué à la figure 1 par les flèches f et F respectivement. Comme représenté sur la vue en coupe de la figure 2, les viroles 5, 6 et 7 sont garnies intérieurement d'aubes 8, constituées, par exemple, par de simples gouttières droites ou hélicoïdales. Quand celles- ci sont hélicoïdales, elles sont agencées classiquement pour, en combinaison avec l'effet d'entraînement assuré par un courant de vapeur d'eau qui circule dans le convoyeur comme on le verra plus loin, assurer la progression du produit divisé dans ce convoyeur, depuis une entrée 9 de la partie 5 qui communique avec la goulotte d'introduction 2 du produit, jusqu'à la sortie 10 de la partie 7 qui est raccordée à un appareil 11 utilisé pour séparer la vapeur d'eau du produit séché à évacuer de l'enceinte par la sortie 3. Des aubages additionnels 13 en hélice sont prévus dans une section conique de sortie 14 qui raccorde la partie extérieure 7 du convoyeur 4 à l'appareil 11, pour aider à l'enfournement du produit traité dans cet appareil 11. Des joints tournants 12, 12' sont prévus aux extrémités du convoyeur de manière que celui-ci puisse tourner autour de son axe 17 sur des galets 21 en contact avec des couronnes 22 solidaires du convoyeur. Des moyens moteurs, non représentés, assurent la mise en rotation du tambour.A divided product to be treated is introduced into this enclosure through a chute 2 and leaves the enclosure through a conduit 3. These means for introducing and removing the product are respectively arranged first at the top and upstream, the second at bottom and downstream of a drum conveyor 4 interposed between them. Such a conveyor is well known per se in the art under the name of "drum dryer". It consists of several coaxial cylindrical ferrules 5, 6, 7 of increasing diameters, these ferrules being integral and nested one inside the other so as to form baffles from the axis towards the periphery of the conveyor following the direction of circulation of steam and therefore product in this tumble dryer. Thus, part 5 opens at its right end (from the point of view of the figure) into the bottom of part 6 which in turn opens into the bottom of part 7 as indicated in FIG. 1 by the arrows f and F respectively. As shown in the sectional view of Figure 2, the ferrules 5, 6 and 7 are internally lined with vanes 8, constituted, for example, by simple straight or helical gutters. When these are helical, they are conventionally arranged for, in combination with the entrainment effect provided by a current of water vapor which circulates in the conveyor as will be seen below, ensuring the progression of the product divided into this conveyor, from an inlet 9 of part 5 which communicates with the inlet chute 2 of the product, to the outlet 10 of part 7 which is connected to an apparatus 11 used to separate the water vapor from the product dried to be evacuated from the enclosure by the outlet 3. Additional blades 13 in a helix are provided in a conical outlet section 14 which connects the outer part 7 of the conveyor 4 to the device 11, to aid in the charging of the product processed in this device 11. Rotating joints 12, 12 'are provided at the ends of the conveyor so that the latter can rotate about its axis 17 on rollers 21 in contact with crowns 22 integral with the conveyor. Motor means, not shown, ensure the rotation of the drum.
Le convoyeur rotatif 4 à tambour établit ainsi, classiquement, un lit "circulant" de produit à sécher qui progresse de l'entrée 9 vers la sortie 10 du convoyeur, porté à la fois par un courant de vapeur d'eau surchauffée introduite avec le produit à sécher par 1'entrée 9, et par 1'effet d'entraînement des aubes 8 des viroles 5, 6, 7 cylindriques du convoyeur dont elles sont solidaires. Ces aubes 8 ramassent le produit au fond de chaque virole du convoyeur pour le remonter jusqu'à sa partie supérieure d'où ce produit retombe en "pluie oblique" dans le courant de vapeur. On établit ainsi une surface de contact maximum entre le courant de vapeur surchauffée et le produit à sécher, qui prend par exemple la forme de copeaux. L'eau qui imprègne le produit est alors vaporisée par la chaleur apportée par le courant de vapeur et un produit plus sec ressort du convoyeur pour pénétrer dans l'appareil de séparation 11.The rotary drum conveyor 4 thus conventionally establishes a "circulating" bed of product to be dried which progresses from the inlet 9 towards the outlet 10 of the conveyor, carried at the same time by a stream of superheated steam introduced with the product to be dried by the inlet 9, and by the effect of driving the blades 8 of the cylindrical ferrules 5, 6, 7 of the conveyor of which they are integral. These vanes 8 pick up the product at the bottom of each ferrule of the conveyor to raise it up to its upper part from where this product falls back in "oblique rain" in the vapor current. This establishes a maximum contact surface between the stream of superheated steam and the product to be dried, which for example takes the form of chips. The water which permeates the product is then vaporized by the heat provided by the steam current and a drier product leaves the conveyor to enter the separation device 11.
Sur la figure 1 il apparaît que le séchoir suivant l'invention comprend en outre un ventilateur 15 et un échangeur/surchauffeur 16 placé en amont du convoyeur 4, sur l'axe de celui-ci. Ainsi, suivant l'invention, le ventilateur 15, 1 'êchangeur 16, le convoyeur 4 et l'appareil de séparation 11 sont-ils agencés en ligne et coaxialement à l'intérieur de l'enceinte, suivant un agencement particulièrement compact, de montage et de maintenance aisés, propre à réduire les dimensions de 1 'installation tout en autorisant un recyclage de la vapeur d'eau surchauffée utilisée pour sécher le produit. Ainsi, la vapeur d'eau qui sort d'une ouverture supérieure 24 de l'appareil de séparation 11 suivant la flèche g, est-elle ramenée à la gauche du séchoir (du point de vue de la figure 1) par 1'aspiration développée au niveau de cette extrémité par le ventilateur 15 (flèches g', g"). Celui-ci est placé à l'entrée d'un conduit 18 dans lequel est installé 1 'échangeur/surchauffeur 16, constitué par des tubes droits ailetés d'axe perpendiculaire au courant de vapeur, alimentés eux-mêmes par de la vapeur à haute pression (40 bars, par exemple) .In Figure 1 it appears that the dryer according to the invention further comprises a fan 15 and an exchanger / superheater 16 placed upstream of the conveyor 4, on the axis thereof. Thus, according to the invention, the fan 15, the exchanger 16, the conveyor 4 and the separation device 11 are they arranged in line and coaxially inside the enclosure, according to a particularly compact arrangement, of easy assembly and maintenance, capable of reducing the dimensions of the installation while allowing recycling of the superheated steam used to dry the product. Thus, the water vapor which leaves an upper opening 24 of the separation device 11 according to the arrow g, is it brought to the left of the dryer (from the point of view of FIG. 1) by the suction developed at this end by the fan 15 (arrows g ′, g ″). This is placed at the inlet of a duct 18 in which is installed 1 'exchanger / superheater 16, constituted by straight finned tubes with an axis perpendicular to the steam current, themselves supplied by high pressure steam (40 bars, for example).
Le séchoir suivant 1'invention décrit ci-dessus fonctionne alors comme suit. Le produit humide divisé à sécher étant placé dans la goulotte 2 et introduit dans l'enceinte 1 par un organe 19 que l'on décrira dans la suite de la présente description, tombe sur un plateau 20 qui le guide vers 1'entrée 9 du tambour 4. Cette entrée 9 est elle-même raccordée à travers le joint 12 à la sortie du conduit 18 de sorte que la vapeur ainsi introduite dans le convoyeur 4 propulse le produit à sécher, la vapeur étant surchauffée dans l'êchangeur 16 à une température déterminée supérieure à la température de saturation correspondant à la pression de fonctionnement du séchoir. Les moyens moteurs (non représentés) mettent en rotation le convoyeur 4 qui est porté par les galets 21 (voir figure 2) et raccordé au conduit 18 et à l'appareil 11 par les joints tournants 12, 12', comme on l'a vu plus haut. Le produit à sécher, entraîné par le courant de vapeur d'eau surchauffée, remonté par les aubes 8 placées dans le convoyeur 4, progresse dans celui-ci comme décrit plus haut, en formant un lit "circulant" qui établit une surface de contact maximale entre les morceaux ou copeaux du produit divisé et la vapeur surchauffée. De l'eau extraite du produit se vaporise alors et s'ajoute au courant de vapeur d'eau qui sort de l'appareil 11 de séparation. Pour maintenir une pression de vapeur d'eau constante dans l'enceinte 1, il est alors nécessaire d'extraire du courant de vapeur qui revient vers le ventilateur 15 une fraction de ce courant correspondant en masse à la quantité d'eau extraite du produit. Une prise de vapeur 23 est placée à cet effet en amont du ventilateur 15, à l'issue du trajet suivi par la vapeur d'eau recyclée entre tambour et enceinte. Bien entendu 1'énergie de la vapeur d'eau surchauffée ainsi extraite par la prise 23 peut être réutilisée dans une usine où est installé le séchoir suivant l'invention, les sources de vapeur d'eau sous pression trouvant de nombreuses applications dans l'industrie, en particulier dans les sucreries. II convient de régénérer à l'entrée 9 du convoyeur 4 un courant de vapeur d'eau surchauffée présentant une énergie totale déterminée. A cet effet, le ventilateur 15 rétablit 1'énergie cinétique initiale de la vapeur en compensant les pertes subies dans la traversée du convoyeur, de l'appareil de séparation 11 et dans son retour vers l'entrée du ventilateur 15. L'énergie thermique initiale de la vapeur est de même rétablie dans l'échangeur/surchauffeur 16 alimenté par une source de vapeur HP à haute pression, de température de condensation supérieure à la température à laquelle la vapeur de l'enceinte doit être surchauffée.The dryer according to the invention described above then operates as follows. The wet product divided to dry being placed in the chute 2 and introduced into the enclosure 1 by a member 19 which will be described in the following of this description, falls on a plate 20 which guides it towards the inlet 9 of the drum 4. This inlet 9 is itself connected through the seal 12 to the outlet of the conduit 18 so that the steam thus introduced into the conveyor 4 propels the product to be dried, the steam being superheated in the exchanger 16 at a determined temperature higher than the saturation temperature corresponding to the operating pressure of the dryer. The drive means (not shown) rotate the conveyor 4 which is carried by the rollers 21 (see FIG. 2) and connected to the duct 18 and to the device 11 by the revolving joints 12, 12 ′, as has been seen above. The product to be dried, entrained by the current of superheated steam, raised by the vanes 8 placed in the conveyor 4, progresses therein as described above, forming a "circulating" bed which establishes a contact surface maximum between the pieces or chips of the divided product and the superheated steam. Water extracted from the product then vaporizes and is added to the stream of water vapor which leaves the apparatus 11 for separation. To maintain a constant water vapor pressure in the enclosure 1, it is then necessary to extract from the vapor current which returns to the fan 15 a fraction of this current corresponding in mass to the amount of water extracted from the product. . A take steam 23 is placed for this purpose upstream of the fan 15, at the end of the path followed by the recycled water vapor between drum and enclosure. Of course the energy of the superheated water vapor thus extracted by the outlet 23 can be reused in a factory where the dryer according to the invention is installed, the sources of pressurized water vapor finding numerous applications in the industry, especially in sweets. It is necessary to regenerate at the inlet 9 of the conveyor 4 a stream of superheated steam having a determined total energy. To this end, the fan 15 restores the initial kinetic energy of the vapor by compensating for the losses suffered in passing through the conveyor, the separation device 11 and in its return to the inlet of the fan 15. The thermal energy initial steam is likewise restored in the exchanger / superheater 16 supplied by a high pressure HP steam source, with a condensation temperature higher than the temperature at which the enclosure vapor must be superheated.
L'appareil de séparation 11 peut être constitué classiquement par un séparateur à cyclone (voir figure 3) raccordé tangentiellement à la sortie 10 du convoyeur 4. II est nécessaire que la goulotte d'entrée 2 et le conduit de sortie 3 prévus respectivement pour 1'introduction du produit dans 1'enceinte et 1'évacuation du produit traité hors de cette enceinte, n'introduisent pas des fuites de vapeur qui diminueraient les performances thermiques du séchoir et perturberaient la pression de vapeur réglée dans cette enceinte, qui peut être par exemple de 1'ordre de 4 bars pour une température de 143° environ, dans l'application envisagée ci-dessus au séchage de la pulpe de betterave. Suivant la présente invention, et compte tenu du caractère divisé comme de l'élasticité du produit, on surmonte cette difficulté par un choix particulier des organes d'introduction et d'évacuation du produit qu'il est de toute façon nécessaire d'installer à cette entrée 2 et à cette sortie 3 pour assurer la progression du produit à travers celles-ci. Suivant un premier mode de réalisation d'un tel organe débiteur 19 schématisé à la figure 4 du dessin annexé, celui-ci prend la forme d'une vis cylindrique à pas variable, bien connue notamment pour l'extrusion des matières plastiques. Comme représenté en hachures à la figure 4, un volume du produit entraîné par une telle vis subit une compression dans sa progression suivant 1'axe orienté de la vis. On utilise dans la présente invention cette compression du produit transporté pour assurer un colmatage efficace de l'entrée 2 et de la sortie 3, à l'aide du produit à transporter lui-même qui constitue dans sa forme comprimée un joint étanche sOpposant à toute fuite de vapeur. L'invention combine ainsi deux fonctions, de transport et d'étanchéité, dans un même organe. Selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention on peut, pour limiter les fuites de vapeur, utiliser une contre-pression d'air comme cela se pratique classiquement sur les turbines à vapeur.The separation device 11 may conventionally consist of a cyclone separator (see FIG. 3) tangentially connected to the outlet 10 of the conveyor 4. It is necessary for the inlet chute 2 and the outlet conduit 3 provided respectively for 1 introduction of the product into the enclosure and the evacuation of the treated product out of this enclosure, do not introduce steam leaks which would decrease the thermal performance of the dryer and would disturb the vapor pressure adjusted in this enclosure, which can be by example of the order of 4 bars for a temperature of approximately 143 °, in the application envisaged above for drying the beet pulp. According to the present invention, and taking into account the divided character as well as the elasticity of the product, this difficulty is overcome by a particular choice of organs for introducing and discharging the product, which it is in any case necessary to install at this inlet 2 and at this outlet 3 to ensure the progress of the product through them. According to a first embodiment of such a debtor member 19 shown schematically in Figure 4 of the accompanying drawing, it takes the form of a cylindrical screw with variable pitch, well known in particular for the extrusion of plastics. As shown in hatching in FIG. 4, a volume of the product entrained by such a screw undergoes compression in its progression along the oriented axis of the screw. This compression of the product transported is used in the present invention to ensure effective clogging of the inlet 2 and the outlet 3, using the product to be transported itself which, in its compressed form, constitutes a tight seal which is opposed to any steam leak. The invention thus combines two functions, transport and sealing, in the same organ. According to a second embodiment of the invention, it is possible, to limit the steam leaks, to use an air back pressure as is conventionally practiced on steam turbines.
Bien entendu l'invention n'est pas limitée à l'utilisation de la vis d'extrusion représentée à la figure 4. On pourrait utiliser également une vis d'extrusion à pas fixe mais opérant dans une enveloppe conique, comme représentée à la figure 5. D'autres types d'organes débiteurs étanches pourraient être aussi utilisés, tels que des débiteurs capsulométriques. Le séchoir suivant l'invention présente ainsi divers avantages qui sont apportés notamment par l'agencement horizontal en ligne de ses organes essentiels dans une enceinte à corps cylindrique, favorable du point de vue de l'encombrement, de la tenue en pression et de la mécanique des fluides. Outre une réduction des pertes de charge dans le courant de vapeur et une utilisation optimale de la surface d'échange de 1 'êchangeur 16, favorables toutes deux du point de vue du bilan d'énergie en fonctionnement continu, un tel agencement en ligne réduit 1'encrassement du séchoir et donc le coût de son entretien. On notera aussi qu'un tel séchoir est susceptible de traiter des produits divisés très variés au prix d'adaptation mineure et que son étanchéité est assurée de manière économique et sûre au niveau des entrées et des sorties du produit à traiter. Enfin ce séchoir est particulièrement compact si on le compare à ceux décrits en préambule de la présente description. Dans le cas d'une installation industrielle réalisée conformément au brevet français No. 2.607.230 pour le séchage de pulpe de betteraves, le volume de l'enceinte atteint environ 3000 m3 pour un "diamètre" maximum de 12 m et une capacité de production en produit séché de 25 tonnes/heures.Of course, the invention is not limited to the use of the extrusion screw shown in FIG. 4. One could also use an extrusion screw with a fixed pitch but operating in a conical envelope, as shown in the figure. 5. Other types of sealed debtor organs could also be used, such as capsulometric debtors. The dryer according to the invention thus has various advantages which are brought in particular by the horizontal in-line arrangement of its essential organs in an enclosure with a cylindrical body, favorable from the point of view of the bulk, the pressure resistance and the fluid mechanics. In addition to a reduction in pressure drops in the vapor stream and optimum use of the exchange surface of the exchanger 16, Both favorable from the point of view of the energy balance in continuous operation, such an arrangement in line reduces the fouling of the dryer and therefore the cost of its maintenance. It will also be noted that such a dryer is capable of treating very varied divided products at the cost of minor adaptation and that its sealing is ensured economically and safely at the level of the inlets and outlets of the product to be treated. Finally, this dryer is particularly compact when compared to those described in the preamble to this description. In the case of an industrial installation carried out in accordance with French patent No. 2,607,230 for the drying of beet pulp, the volume of the enclosure reaches approximately 3000 m 3 for a maximum "diameter" of 12 m and a capacity of production of dried product of 25 tonnes / hour.
Une installation de productivité équivalente réalisée conformément à 1'invention aurait un volume d'enceinte de 800 m3 environ pour un diamètre de 7 m, cette dimension étant essentiellement déterminée par le diamètre extérieur du convoyeur à lit circulant. A titre d'exemple, un convoyeur utilisable dans la présente invention est constitué par le sécheur à tambour rotatif de 5 m de diamètre actuellement fabriqué par la Société française PROMILL. An installation of equivalent productivity produced in accordance with the invention would have an enclosure volume of approximately 800 m 3 for a diameter of 7 m, this dimension being essentially determined by the outside diameter of the circulating bed conveyor. By way of example, a conveyor that can be used in the present invention consists of the rotary drum dryer 5 m in diameter currently manufactured by the French company PROMILL.

Claims

11REVENDICATIONS 11 CLAIMS
1. Séchoir pour produits divisés, du type qui comprend une enceinte (1), des moyens (15, 16) pour établir dans cette enceinte une circulation en circuit fermé d'un courant de vapeur d'eau surchauffée, des moyens (2, 3, 4) pour transporter le produit à sécher à travers l'enceinte de manière qu'il passe dans le courant de vapeur d'eau surchauffée et une prise de vapeur (23) pour permettre 1'évacuation hors de 1'enceinte de la vapeur extraite du produit séché, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, agencé dans cet ordre suivant l'axe horizontal de 1'enceinte (1) à corps cylindrique maintenue sous une pression de quelques bars, un organe (15) pour entretenir la circulation en circuit fermé de la vapeur d'eau, un échangeur/surchauffeur (16) pour surchauffer la vapeur d'eau à une température déterminée, un convoyeur (4) à lit circulant comprenant au moins un tambour rotatif et des aubes (8) pour assurer la chute en pluie du produit dans le convoyeur et, par action combinée avec celle du flux de vapeur, la progression du produit, et un organe (11) pour séparer à la sortie du convoyeur, le produit séché de la vapeur, recyclée entre le convoyeur (4) et le corps de 1'enceinte (1).1. Drier for divided products, of the type which comprises an enclosure (1), means (15, 16) for establishing in this enclosure a closed circuit circulation of a stream of superheated steam, means (2, 3, 4) for transporting the product to be dried through the enclosure so that it passes into the stream of superheated steam and a steam outlet (23) to allow evacuation from the enclosure of the steam extracted from the dried product, characterized in that it comprises, arranged in this order along the horizontal axis of the enclosure (1) with cylindrical body maintained under a pressure of a few bars, a member (15) for maintaining circulation in a closed circuit of water vapor, an exchanger / superheater (16) for superheating the water vapor to a determined temperature, a conveyor (4) with a circulating bed comprising at least one rotary drum and vanes (8) for ensure the rain in the product in the conveyor and, by combined action e with that of the vapor flow, the progression of the product, and a member (11) for separating, at the outlet of the conveyor, the dried product from the steam, recycled between the conveyor (4) and the body of the enclosure (1 ).
2. Séchoir conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'organe d'entretien de la circulation du courant de vapeur d'eau sous pression est un ventilateur (15) placé à l'entrée d'un conduit (18) dans laquelle est installée l'échangeur/surchauffeur (16), la sortie du conduit étant raccordée à une entrée (9) du convoyeur à tambour (4).2. A dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that the member for maintaining the circulation of the stream of pressurized steam is a fan (15) placed at the inlet of a duct (18) in which is installed the exchanger / superheater (16), the outlet of the duct being connected to an inlet (9) of the drum conveyor (4).
3. Séchoir conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un êchangeur (16) constitué par des tubes droits ailetés d'axes perpendiculaires au courant de vapeur. 3. A dryer according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises a heat exchanger (16) constituted by straight tubes with fins with axes perpendicular to the current of vapor.
4. Séchoir conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens (19) pour assurer 1'introduction du produit dans 1'enceinte par une entrée (2) et 1'extraction du produit hors de 1'enceinte par une sortie (3), ces moyens assurant simultanément l'étanchéité à la vapeur sous pression de l'enceinte au niveau de cette entrée et de cette sortie. 4. Dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises means (19) for ensuring the introduction of the product into The enclosure by an inlet (2) and the extraction of the product from the enclosure by an outlet (3), these means simultaneously ensuring the vapor-tightness under pressure of the enclosure at the level of this inlet and this exit.
5. Séchoir conforme à la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ces moyens comprennent un organe d'extrusion (19) à vis formant un joint d'étanchéité par compression du produit transporté.5. A dryer according to claim 4, characterized in that these means comprise an extrusion member (19) with a screw forming a seal by compression of the transported product.
6. Séchoir conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le convoyeur à tambour rotatif (4) est constitué de plusieurs viroles cylindriques (5, 6, 7) coaxiales et emboîtées de manière à former des chicanes de l'axe vers la périphérie, des aubes (8) étant fixées sur les faces internes des parois de ces parties pour contribuer à l'entraînement du produit à sécher dans chacune des parties cylindriques, celles-ci étant entraînées solidairement en rotation autour de 1'axe du convoyeur (4).6. Dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rotary drum conveyor (4) consists of several cylindrical rings (5, 6, 7) coaxial and nested so as to form baffles of the axis towards the periphery, vanes (8) being fixed on the internal faces of the walls of these parts to contribute to the entrainment of the product to be dried in each of the cylindrical parts, these being driven integrally in rotation around 1 'axis of the conveyor (4).
7. Séchoir conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'appareil de séparation (11) est constitué par un séparateur à cyclone. 7. A dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the separation device (11) consists of a cyclone separator.
EP19910905408 1990-02-23 1991-02-22 Drier for divided materials Expired - Lifetime EP0515560B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9002253A FR2658904B1 (en) 1990-02-23 1990-02-23 DRYER FOR DIVIDED PRODUCTS.
FR9002253 1990-02-23

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EP0515560A1 true EP0515560A1 (en) 1992-12-02
EP0515560B1 EP0515560B1 (en) 1993-12-15

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FR2524129B1 (en) * 1982-03-26 1987-07-31 Bertin & Cie PROCESS AND PLANTS FOR DRYING OR DEHYDRATION OF A WET PRODUCT BY EXCHANGE WITH SUPERHEATED WATER VAPOR, AND DRIED PRODUCTS THUS OBTAINED
FR2607230B1 (en) * 1986-11-20 1990-12-07 Bertin & Cie INDUSTRIAL PLANT FOR DRYING A WET PRODUCT, AT LEAST PARTIALLY RECIRCULATING TYPE OF A DRYING FLUID

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Title
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EP0515560B1 (en) 1993-12-15
FR2658904B1 (en) 1992-07-10
FR2658904A1 (en) 1991-08-30
DE69100808D1 (en) 1994-01-27
DE69100808T2 (en) 1994-07-14
WO1991013303A1 (en) 1991-09-05

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