EP0515134B1 - Verbesserungen in Vakuum-Abwassersystemen - Google Patents

Verbesserungen in Vakuum-Abwassersystemen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0515134B1
EP0515134B1 EP92304502A EP92304502A EP0515134B1 EP 0515134 B1 EP0515134 B1 EP 0515134B1 EP 92304502 A EP92304502 A EP 92304502A EP 92304502 A EP92304502 A EP 92304502A EP 0515134 B1 EP0515134 B1 EP 0515134B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
evacuation duct
cleaning
vacuum
air
waste matter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92304502A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0515134A1 (de
Inventor
Nils Andersson
Olof Bergström
Per-Ake Tuvesson
Jari Närhi
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Evac AB
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Evac AB
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Publication date
Application filed by Evac AB filed Critical Evac AB
Publication of EP0515134A1 publication Critical patent/EP0515134A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0515134B1 publication Critical patent/EP0515134B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
    • E03F1/006—Pneumatic sewage disposal systems; accessories specially adapted therefore

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a sewage system according to the preamble of claim 5.
  • a vacuum sewage system In a vacuum sewage system, sewage or other waste matter is transported by means of vacuum. This technique is advantageous in cases such as where low water consumption is required, where small bore sewage pipe dimensions are used and where there is a possibility for the sewage pipe to extend upwards.
  • small vacuum sewage systems that is systems with only one or a few sources of waste matter (e.g. WC toilet bowls or the like)
  • the total volume to be put under vacuum should suitably be less than 100 liters, preferably less than 50 liters. For instance, in a sewage system for a railway car, a vacuum volume as small as 35 liters is normally quite sufficient for the needs of one WC-unit.
  • One aim of this invention is to provide a vacuum sewage system in which problems caused by deposits of impurities and by moisture being drawn into the evacuation duct are at least reduced and at best avoided. This is obtained by means of the method set out in claim 1 and by means of the structure defined in claim 5.
  • valve In principle it is not important where, in the evacuation duct, the valve is situated. However, practice has shown that it is most convenient to locate the valve close to the primary sewage collecting chamber of the system and to arrange, close to the opposite side of the valve, means for collecting any liquid present in the evacuation duct.
  • collecting means can be a U-bend or a pocket in the evacuation duct, to which liquid flows from higher portions of the duct at each side of the liquid collecting means.
  • valve of the evacuation duct By keeping the valve of the evacuation duct open when vacuum is generated in the system and when cleaning air is let into the system, but keeping it closed at other times, the best control of the function of the system is normally obtained. The valve then also prevents odours from the sewer system spreading into the surroundings.
  • a primary sewage collecting chamber as known per se, as a preliminary collecting space, in which a volume of waste matter is collected immediately after its transportation for subsequent transfer to a collecting tank or the like under atmospheric pressure.
  • a volume of waste matter is collected immediately after its transportation for subsequent transfer to a collecting tank or the like under atmospheric pressure.
  • the volume that is to be under vacuum is, in such a system, relatively small. It is convenient that a new vacuum generation for purging the evacuation duct is not started until the primary sewage collecting chamber has been emptied. Thereby the advantage is obtained that the purging of the evacuation duct does not cause spray or splashing in any liquid present in the primary collecting chamber. In addition, any liquid present in the evacuation duct has time to flow to the lowest portion of the duct, whereby more effective cleaning of the duct will be obtained.
  • valve of the evacuation duct remotely controlled through the control unit of the system in dependence on the control of other valves of the system, the advantage is obtained, that all functions of the system can be controlled by the same control unit. This minimizes the risk of malfunctioning.
  • 1 indicates a WC toilet bowl connected through a sewer valve 9 to a vacuum sewer pipe 2.
  • the vacuum sewer pipe 2 debouches into an emptying device 3 including a primary collecting chamber 13, from which the waste matter can be transferred to a collecting tank 4.
  • a vacuum pump in the form of an ejector 5, driven by compressed air received from a compressed air network 6, is provided.
  • the compressed air exits the system via an exhaust pipe 5a.
  • the toilet bowl 1 receives rinse water from a water tank 7 through a flush pipe 8 and a rinse water valve 10. Emptying of the toilet bowl and feeding of rinse water to the toilet bowl is controlled by an electrical control unit 25 governing operation of the sewer valve 9 and the rinse water valve 10 when flushing is initiated by operating a flush knob 11.
  • the system is designed basically as shown in US-A-4297751.
  • the control unit 25 When the control unit 25 receives a flush impulse from the flush knob 11, it opens a valve 12 in the compressed air network 6 connected to the ejector 5. The ejector 5 then rapidly generates vacuum in the evacuation duct 28, in the sewer pipe 2 and in the emptying device 3. When a sufficient vacuum, preferably of about half an atmosphere, has been generated the compressed air valve 12 closes, the suction effect of the ejector 5 ceases, and the sewer valve 9 of the toilet bowl 1 opens. Upon emptying of the bowl 1 of the toilet, the sewer valve 9 closes and rinse water flows through the rinse water valve 10, which has opened somewhat earlier, and fills the lower part of the toilet bowl with a small amount of water. The total amount of flush water does not usually have to be greater than a few deciliters.
  • the sewer pipe 2 Since there is vacuum in the sewer pipe 2 when the sewer valve 9 opens, waste matter present in the bowl 1 is, by atmospheric pressure, pressed out into the sewer pipe 2 and flows through the pipe 2 to the primary collecting chamber 13. For proper sewage transport it is essential that at the outlet end of the sewer pipe 2 there is a sufficiently large air space. If the primary collecting chamber 13 and the pipes connected thereto do not together form a space large enough, a separate air tank 15 may be connected to a portion 14 of the evacuation duct close to the emptying device 3. As a dimensioning example could be mentioned that the sewer pipe 2 may have an internal volume of 5 to 10 liters, the emptying device 3 together with its primary collecting chamber 13 a volume of about 7 liters and the air tank 15 a volume of about 18 liters.
  • the sewer valve 9 may be so designed that it closes automatically, when there is no longer any substantial vacuum in the sewer pipe 2.
  • a small power cylinder 16 preferably driven by compressed air, opens a bottom flap 17 of the primary collecting chamber 13 and the waste matter present in the collecting chamber 13 drops into the collecting tank 4.
  • the power cylinder 16 then again closes the bottom flap 17.
  • the collecting tank 4 is emptied, at suitable intervals, through an outlet pipe 18.
  • the collecting tank 4 may be provided with conventional alarm and safety devices (not shown) to prevent overfilling.
  • the automatic control unit 25 takes care of this by controlling the power cylinder 16. This has the advantage that the primary collecting chamber 13 may be small and that it does not need, for instance, a level sensor or other surveillance equipment.
  • the duct 28 must be periodically cleaned.
  • this cleaning occurs by regenerating vacuum in the sewer system after each transportation of sewage from the toilet bowl 1 to the primary collecting chamber 13 and after the collecting chamber has been emptied into the tank 4.
  • the regeneration of vacuum takes place in the same manner as when sewage is to be transported, that is, by means of the vacuum pump 5.
  • a cleaning air valve 27 in the evacuation duct 28 is closed by transmitting a closing impulse from the control unit 25 to the control device 26 of the valve 27.
  • Valve 12 is now closed and since the sewer valve 9 remains closed, on rapid opening of the cleaning air valve 27, atmospheric air rushes in through the exhaust pipe 5a and the evacuation duct 28 to the spaces defined by the bore of the pipes 2 and 14 and by the chambers 13 and 15 equalizing the vacuum present there and blowing any moisture or impurities present in the duct 28 into the emptying device 3.
  • Cleaning of the duct 28 is enhanced by arranging, in the duct, a pocket (shown in the drawing by a lowest portion 28a of the duct) to which moisture can drain before air-purging of the duct 28 is carried out. It may be of advantage for the generation of vacuum for the cleaning of the evacuation duct 28 to take place considerably more slowly than when vacuum is generated for the emptying of the toilet bowl 1. By generating vacuum slowly it is avoided that moisture present in the pocket 28a is drawn up to the ejector 5.
  • control unit 25 Because all the control devices 9, 10, 12, 16 and 27 of the system are controlled by the same control unit 25, it is a simple matter to coordinate the different functions and control them in desired sequences dependent on one another.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Vehicle Waterproofing, Decoration, And Sanitation Devices (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Verfahren zum Reinigen der Evakuierungsleitung (28) eines Vakuumabwassersystems, in welchem ein Teilvakuum für den Transport von Abfallstoff durch ein Abflußrohr (2) von einer Liefereinheit (1) zu einer Sammelkammer (13) benutzt wird und wo Funktionssteuereinheiten (5, 12, 25) die Erzeugung eines Teilvakuums in dem Abflußrohr (2) gesondert für jeden Transport eines Volumens an Abfallstoff durch das Abflußrohr (2) regeln, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Beendigen des Transportes eines Volumens an Abfallstoff von der Liefereinheit (1) zu der Sammelkammer (13) die Funktionssteuereinheiten (5, 12, 25) aktiviert werden, um ein Teilvakuum im Abwassersystem (2, 13) zu regenerieren und danach Luft durch die Evakuierungsleitung (28) in das System einzulassen, durch welche normalerweise Luft aus dem System (2, 13) abgesaugt wird, wenn das Teilvakuum erzeugt wird, um dadurch die Evakuierungsleitung (28) zwecks Säuberung derselben zu spülen.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch rasches Öffnen eines Reinigungsventils (27), welches den Durchlaß durch die Evakuierungsleitung (28) steuert, Umgebungsluft in die Evakuierungsleitung (28) in Form eines Luftimpulses eingelassen wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reinigungsventil (27) offengehalten wird, wenn im AbWassersystem (2, 13) Teilvakuum erzeugt und wenn Luft in das System eingelassen wird, aber ansonsten geschlossen gehalten wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sammelkammer (13) wie an sich bekannt so angeordnet ist, daß sie eine Zwischensammeleinheit bildet, aus der darin gesammelter Abfallstoff in einen Sammeltank (4) oder dergleichen, vorzugsweise unter atmosphärischem Druck, übergeben wird, und daß die Vakuumerzeugung zum Reinigen der Evakuierungsleitung erst beginnt, wenn die Sammelkammer (13) von Abfallstoff entleert wurde.
  5. System zum Reinigen der Evakuierungsleitung (28) eines Vakuumabwassersystems, in welchem ein Teilvakuum zum Transport von Abfallstoff durch ein Abflußrohr (2) von einer Liefereinheit (1) zu einer Sammelkammer (13) oder dergleichen benutzt wird und wo Funktionssteuereinheiten (5, 12, 25) angeordnet sind, um im Abflußrohr (2) gesondert für jeden Transport eines Volumens an Abfallstoff durch das Abflußrohr (2) ein Teilvakuum zu erzeugen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Reinigungseinrichtung (27) vorgesehen ist, wodurch nach Beendigung des Transportes eines Volumens an Abfallstoff von der Liefereinheit (1) zu der Sammelkammer (13) und nachdem die Funktionseinheiten (5, 12, 25) des Systems so angeordnet wurden, daß sie im Abwassersystem ein Teilvakuum wiedererzeugen, die Reinigungsvorrichtung (27) aktiviert werden kann, um durch die Evakuierungsleitung (28), durch die Luft normalerweise aus dem System (2, 13) entzogen wird, wenn das Teilvakuum erzeugt wird, Luft in das System einzulassen, um die Evakuierungsleitung (28) mittels des derartig in die Evakuierungsleitung (28) eingeleiteten Luftimpulses zu reinigen.
  6. System nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein vorzugsweise rasch öffnendes Reinigungsventil (27) in der Evakuierungsleitung (28) vorgesehen ist, um eine Reinigungsluftströmung in die Leitung (28) einzulassen.
  7. System nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Einrichtung vorgesehen ist, um das Reinigungsventil (27) der Evakuierungsleitung (28) offenzuhalten, wenn in dem System ein Teilvakuum erzeugt und Reinigungsluft in das System eingelassen wird, wobei die Einrichtung so ausgelegt ist, daß sie ansonsten das Reinigungsventil (27) geschlossen hält.
  8. System nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sammelkammer (13), wie an sich bekannt, so angeordnet ist, daß sie eine Zwischensammeleinheit bildet, aus der Abfallstoff in einen Sammeltank (4) oder dergleichen, vorzugsweise unter atmosphärischem Druck, überführt werden kann, ehe eine neue Vakuumerzeugung zum Reinigen der Evakuierungsleitung (28) begonnen wird.
  9. System nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reinigungsventil (27) der Evakuierungsleitung in der Nähe der Sammelkammer (13) angeordnet ist, und daß in der Nähe der entgegengesetzten Seite des Reinigungsventils (27) eine Einrichtung (28a) zum Sammeln von in der Evakuierungsleitung (28) vorhandener Flüssigkeit vorgesehen ist.
  10. System nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ventil (27) der Evakuierungsleitung von einer Funktionssteuereinheit (25) des Systems in Abhängigkeit von der Steuerung weiterer Ventile (9, 10, 12) im System ferngesteuert ist.
EP92304502A 1991-05-23 1992-05-19 Verbesserungen in Vakuum-Abwassersystemen Expired - Lifetime EP0515134B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9101572A SE468485B (sv) 1991-05-23 1991-05-23 Foerfarande och anordning foer renhaallning av evakueringskanalerna i ett vacuumavloppssystem
SE9101572 1991-05-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0515134A1 EP0515134A1 (de) 1992-11-25
EP0515134B1 true EP0515134B1 (de) 1994-08-24

Family

ID=20382827

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92304502A Expired - Lifetime EP0515134B1 (de) 1991-05-23 1992-05-19 Verbesserungen in Vakuum-Abwassersystemen

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EP (1) EP0515134B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH05148883A (de)
AT (1) ATE110432T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69200346T2 (de)
SE (1) SE468485B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8490223B2 (en) 2011-08-16 2013-07-23 Flow Control LLC Toilet with ball valve mechanism and secondary aerobic chamber

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI98644C (fi) * 1993-11-11 1997-07-25 Evac Ab Ejektorilaite
SE9402392L (sv) * 1994-07-06 1995-10-09 Avac Ejektor Ab Vakuumenhet och vakuumtoalettsystem innefattande en sådan enhet
FI20001759A0 (fi) * 2000-08-07 2000-08-07 Evac Int Oy Alipaineviemärijärjestelmä
JP6214173B2 (ja) * 2013-03-07 2017-10-18 アロン化成株式会社 便器
AT516581A1 (de) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-15 Walter Dipl Ing Lorenz Verfahren für den Betrieb einer Vakuum-Toilette
WO2017140942A1 (en) * 2016-02-16 2017-08-24 Evac Oy Toilet arrangement

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI66670C (fi) * 1978-08-25 1985-02-01 Waertsilae Oy Ab Avloppssystem
FI77082C (fi) * 1987-04-06 1989-01-10 Waertsilae Oy Ab Vakuumavloppsanordning.
US5245711A (en) * 1988-09-06 1993-09-21 Oy Wartsila Ab Vacuum toilet system
FI83797C (fi) * 1988-10-05 1991-08-26 Nesite Oy Avloppssystem.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8490223B2 (en) 2011-08-16 2013-07-23 Flow Control LLC Toilet with ball valve mechanism and secondary aerobic chamber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69200346D1 (de) 1994-09-29
SE9101572L (sv) 1992-11-24
SE9101572D0 (sv) 1991-05-23
ATE110432T1 (de) 1994-09-15
SE468485B (sv) 1993-01-25
JPH05148883A (ja) 1993-06-15
EP0515134A1 (de) 1992-11-25
DE69200346T2 (de) 1994-12-22

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