EP0508966A2 - Toxic gas detection - Google Patents
Toxic gas detection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0508966A2 EP0508966A2 EP92830173A EP92830173A EP0508966A2 EP 0508966 A2 EP0508966 A2 EP 0508966A2 EP 92830173 A EP92830173 A EP 92830173A EP 92830173 A EP92830173 A EP 92830173A EP 0508966 A2 EP0508966 A2 EP 0508966A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- microprocessor
- alarm
- diagnosis
- sensor
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000033809 Suppuration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004915 pus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/12—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
- G08B21/16—Combustible gas alarms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/12—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
- G08B21/14—Toxic gas alarms
Definitions
- These devices incorporate means for acoustic and/or visual signalling and can be connected to similar means located in remote positions.
- gas detection means generally consist of a sensor element, the sensor itself, of the catalytic or semi-conductor type, which reacts by changing its electrical properties when a gas is present.
- a circuit generally of the Wheatstone bridge type, and alarm signals are activated by suitable circuit means.
- circuit means normally make a comparison between the change in the electrical parameters of the sensor and suitable threshold levels, which "reflect" threshold levels of the gas concentrations in an analog electrical form.
- the object of this invention is to provide circuit means for the self-monitoring and diagnosis of the abovementioned detection devices which are capable of monitoring the critical parameters for the devices, together with the function of critical components therein, indicating any Faults or abnormalities by suitable means.
- the circuit according to the invention which is characterised in that it comprises a microprocessor, suitable interface circuits and alarm signals in combination.
- the monitoring circuit in which the microprocessor represents the intelligent portion, is programmed to perform continuous monitoring of the gas sensor (continuous testing over the course of time) and/or monitoring of the detection device as a whole, when specifically commanded to do so (intermittent test).
- Performance of the intermittent test may be controlled by means of a switch, or by means of timed puses from the microprocessor at a specified frequency (e.g. : weekly, monthly, half yearly, etc.).
- the continuous test provides for measurement of the resistance of the sensor heating element.
- the microprocessor receives one of two RS > MAX, RS ⁇ MIN signals. In particular, if the heating element is switched off and the sensor is therefore faulty the RS > MAX signal is activated. This is interpreted by the microprocessor as an alarm signal.
- Alarm procedures are then brought into action, i.e. acoustic and/or visual signals are activated, and these obviously have characteristics different from those used for indicating the presence of gas.
- Performance of the intermittent test to check the functioning of the alarm device as a whole is based on simulation of the detection of a gas and therefore on checking the fact that the components downstream of the sensor (threshold comparison circuits and buzzer) are in a perfect operating condition.
- a monitoring circuit 1 has an alarm LED 2 and a test signal LED 3. Power is supplied by a supply block 4. A gas sensor 6 and an acoustic sensor 7 are connected to the monitoring circuit 1 through an interface 5. A manual test switch 8 is provided; 8' is the corresponding relay. In Figure 2 an electrical mains connection 10 feeds through a continuous transformer 11 to feeds 9 anti 9' fitted with a voltage regulator 12.
- FIG 3 shows the monitoring circuit microprocessor with its electrical signal inputs and outputs for controlling the timing of the operations which mainly affect user unit 14, alarm 15, sensor 16, input 1/(RS > MAX) or input 18 (RS ⁇ MIN), buzzer 19, LEDs 21, 22, test switch 23 and the other circuit components, relay 25, buzzer control 20 and logic input24 (voltage or current).
- microprocessor 1 switches off sensors 31 or 31' (logic signal 16 or 16') by means of the circuit illustrated in Figure 4 or Figure 5, according to the type of heating elelment operation. Switching off the sensor for a predetermined period (a few seconds) causes it to cool. Subsequent switching on of the sensor provides an opportunity for examination of the thermal transient (through an analysis of the output voltage "V out" from the measuring side of the sensor).
- microprocessor 1 When this signal is detected by microprocessor 1 a check is made to ensure that the alarm condition has been generated correctly.
- a manual or timed command in the form of signal 19 (BUZZER 32) is activated and logic signal 20, which represents the functioning of the acoustic indicator from the electrical point of view is detected and checked for correctness.
- the acoustic efficiency of the indicator must be checked by the user, who must recognise a particular acoustic message when the test is activated.
- Relay 25 is tested by means of a manual or timed control, by activating relay 25' by microprocessor 1 and subsequently checking logic signal 26 generated by an auxiliary relay contact.
- the acoustic and/or visual signals will be of a different type and quality (for example flashing of the test LED 3) so as not to mislead users, giving rise to an unjustified panic situation. Flashing of the LED when the test has a positive outcome (the equipment is functioning correctly) implicitly provides a check on the functioning of the LED itself. If this were not the case a steady light or not light from the LED in the event of a positive test result would not allow any fault in the signalling device to be detected.
- FIGS 4 and 5 illustrate two possible embodiments of the circuit for measuring the resistance of the heating element.
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the heating element is operated at constant current.
- Circuit 27 (consisting of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, O1, O2, O3, U1 and D1) forms a current generator which can be switched off by means of logic input 16 and which can provide two different values of current which can be selected through logic input 24 (11/12). In this case the resistance is measured by detecting the voltage across the heating element (comparators U2 and U3).
- circuit 27' consisting of R1, R2, R3, R4, R8, R9, Q1, Q2, Q3 and U1 forms a voltage generator which can be switched off by means of logic input 16' and which can provide two different voltage values which can be selected by means of logic input 24' (V1/V2).
- the resistance is measured by monitoring the current flowing in the heating element (by measuring the voltage at terminals 30 of R7).
Landscapes
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- It is known that means for detecting the presence of harmful and/or explosive gases which might cause harm to persons and property whenever the quantities present reach critical levels of concentration in air are used in applications in industrial and civil contexts.
- It is also known that these devices incorporate means for acoustic and/or visual signalling and can be connected to similar means located in remote positions. These gas detection means generally consist of a sensor element, the sensor itself, of the catalytic or semi-conductor type, which reacts by changing its electrical properties when a gas is present.
- The presence of a gas is therefore detected by a circuit, generally of the Wheatstone bridge type, and alarm signals are activated by suitable circuit means.
- These circuit means normally make a comparison between the change in the electrical parameters of the sensor and suitable threshold levels, which "reflect" threshold levels of the gas concentrations in an analog electrical form.
- The object of this invention is to provide circuit means for the self-monitoring and diagnosis of the abovementioned detection devices which are capable of monitoring the critical parameters for the devices, together with the function of critical components therein, indicating any Faults or abnormalities by suitable means.
- This and other objects which will be more apparent below are all accomplished by the circuit according to the invention, which is characterised in that it comprises a microprocessor, suitable interface circuits and alarm signals in combination. The monitoring circuit, in which the microprocessor represents the intelligent portion, is programmed to perform continuous monitoring of the gas sensor (continuous testing over the course of time) and/or monitoring of the detection device as a whole, when specifically commanded to do so (intermittent test).
- Performance of the intermittent test may be controlled by means of a switch, or by means of timed puses from the microprocessor at a specified frequency (e.g. : weekly, monthly, half yearly, etc.).
- The continuous test provides for measurement of the resistance of the sensor heating element.
- If a resistance value which does not lie within the range of rated values is measured, the microprocessor receives one of two RS > MAX, RS < MIN signals. In particular, if the heating element is switched off and the sensor is therefore faulty the RS > MAX signal is activated. This is interpreted by the microprocessor as an alarm signal.
- Alarm procedures are then brought into action, i.e. acoustic and/or visual signals are activated, and these obviously have characteristics different from those used for indicating the presence of gas. Performance of the intermittent test to check the functioning of the alarm device as a whole is based on simulation of the detection of a gas and therefore on checking the fact that the components downstream of the sensor (threshold comparison circuits and buzzer) are in a perfect operating condition.
- This test procedure is brought into action as described below.
- An example of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
- - Figure 1 shows the detector as a box diagram.
- - Figure 2 shows the power supply for the detector of Figure 1.
- - Figure 3 shows the microprocessor connections for the detector of Figure 1,
- - Figures 4 and 5 show alternative interfaces required for an electrically compatible connection between the gas sensor, the acoustic indicator and the monitoring circuit in the detector of Figure 1, and
- - Figure 6 shows the buzzer interface for the detector of Figure 1.
- A monitoring circuit 1 has an
alarm LED 2 and atest signal LED 3. Power is supplied by asupply block 4. Agas sensor 6 and anacoustic sensor 7 are connected to the monitoring circuit 1 through aninterface 5. Amanual test switch 8 is provided; 8' is the corresponding relay. In Figure 2 anelectrical mains connection 10 feeds through acontinuous transformer 11 to feeds 9 anti 9' fitted with avoltage regulator 12. - Figure 3 shows the monitoring circuit microprocessor with its electrical signal inputs and outputs for controlling the timing of the operations which mainly affect
user unit 14,alarm 15,sensor 16, input 1/(RS > MAX) or input 18 (RS < MIN),buzzer 19,LEDs test switch 23 and the other circuit components,relay 25,buzzer control 20 and logic input24 (voltage or current). When under manual or timed control, microprocessor 1 switches offsensors 31 or 31' (logic signal 16 or 16') by means of the circuit illustrated in Figure 4 or Figure 5, according to the type of heating elelment operation. Switching off the sensor for a predetermined period (a few seconds) causes it to cool. Subsequent switching on of the sensor provides an opportunity for examination of the thermal transient (through an analysis of the output voltage "V out" from the measuring side of the sensor). - Typically, during the initial seconds of the heating transient "V out" has voltage values in excess of the alarm threshold, and thus
logic signal 15 in Figure 3 is activated (ALARM). - When this signal is detected by microprocessor 1 a check is made to ensure that the alarm condition has been generated correctly.
- For testing the acoustic signalling device, a manual or timed command in the form of signal 19 (BUZZER 32) is activated and
logic signal 20, which represents the functioning of the acoustic indicator from the electrical point of view is detected and checked for correctness.. - The acoustic efficiency of the indicator must be checked by the user, who must recognise a particular acoustic message when the test is activated.
-
Relay 25 is tested by means of a manual or timed control, by activating relay 25' by microprocessor 1 and subsequently checkinglogic signal 26 generated by an auxiliary relay contact. - Obviously in the case of automatic timed command, the acoustic and/or visual signals will be of a different type and quality (for example flashing of the test LED 3) so as not to mislead users, giving rise to an unjustified panic situation. Flashing of the LED when the test has a positive outcome (the equipment is functioning correctly) implicitly provides a check on the functioning of the LED itself. If this were not the case a steady light or not light from the LED in the event of a positive test result would not allow any fault in the signalling device to be detected.
- Figures 4 and 5 illustrate two possible embodiments of the circuit for measuring the resistance of the heating element.
- Figure 4 shows an embodiment in which the heating element is operated at constant current. Circuit 27 (consisting of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, O1, O2, O3, U1 and D1) forms a current generator which can be switched off by means of
logic input 16 and which can provide two different values of current which can be selected through logic input 24 (11/12). In this case the resistance is measured by detecting the voltage across the heating element (comparators U2 and U3). - In Figure 5, the embodiment in which the heating element is operated at constant voltage, circuit 27', consisting of R1, R2, R3, R4, R8, R9, Q1, Q2, Q3 and U1, forms a voltage generator which can be switched off by means of logic input 16' and which can provide two different voltage values which can be selected by means of logic input 24' (V1/V2). In this case the resistance is measured by monitoring the current flowing in the heating element (by measuring the voltage at
terminals 30 of R7).
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITBO910109A IT1246641B (en) | 1991-04-09 | 1991-04-09 | CIRCUITAL SELF-CONTROL SYSTEM AND DIAGNOSIS OF DEVICES FOR THE DETECTION OF TOXIC AND / OR HARMFUL AND / OR EXPLOSIVE GASES. |
ITBO910109 | 1991-04-09 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0508966A2 true EP0508966A2 (en) | 1992-10-14 |
EP0508966A3 EP0508966A3 (en) | 1994-09-14 |
EP0508966B1 EP0508966B1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
Family
ID=11337382
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92830173A Expired - Lifetime EP0508966B1 (en) | 1991-04-09 | 1992-04-08 | Toxic gas detection |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0508966B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69231998T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2161689T3 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1246641B (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0602452A1 (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-06-22 | Karlheinz Beckhausen | Security device with microprocessor |
EP0840112A1 (en) * | 1996-10-29 | 1998-05-06 | Zellweger Analytics Limited | Condition monitoring of a gas detector |
AT404077B (en) * | 1993-08-17 | 1998-08-25 | Verband Laendlicher Genossensc | Circuitry for monitoring the concentration of fermentation gases in wine cellars |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103544798A (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-01-29 | 成都科盛石油科技有限公司 | Antitheft self-check harmful gas leakage alarm suitable for petroleum refinery |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4088986A (en) * | 1976-10-01 | 1978-05-09 | Boucher Charles E | Smoke, fire and gas alarm with remote sensing, back-up emergency power, and system self monitoring |
US4219806A (en) * | 1978-09-15 | 1980-08-26 | American District Telegraph Company | Dual alarm gas detector |
EP0039549A2 (en) * | 1980-05-02 | 1981-11-11 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Method of checking the responsiveness of detection systems employing electrochemical sensor |
WO1990012315A1 (en) * | 1989-04-04 | 1990-10-18 | Neotronics Limited | Fault detection in electrochemical gas sensing equipment |
-
1991
- 1991-04-09 IT ITBO910109A patent/IT1246641B/en active IP Right Grant
-
1992
- 1992-04-08 EP EP92830173A patent/EP0508966B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-04-08 ES ES92830173T patent/ES2161689T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-04-08 DE DE69231998T patent/DE69231998T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4088986A (en) * | 1976-10-01 | 1978-05-09 | Boucher Charles E | Smoke, fire and gas alarm with remote sensing, back-up emergency power, and system self monitoring |
US4219806A (en) * | 1978-09-15 | 1980-08-26 | American District Telegraph Company | Dual alarm gas detector |
EP0039549A2 (en) * | 1980-05-02 | 1981-11-11 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Method of checking the responsiveness of detection systems employing electrochemical sensor |
WO1990012315A1 (en) * | 1989-04-04 | 1990-10-18 | Neotronics Limited | Fault detection in electrochemical gas sensing equipment |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0602452A1 (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-06-22 | Karlheinz Beckhausen | Security device with microprocessor |
AT404077B (en) * | 1993-08-17 | 1998-08-25 | Verband Laendlicher Genossensc | Circuitry for monitoring the concentration of fermentation gases in wine cellars |
EP0840112A1 (en) * | 1996-10-29 | 1998-05-06 | Zellweger Analytics Limited | Condition monitoring of a gas detector |
US6123818A (en) * | 1996-10-29 | 2000-09-26 | Zellweger Analytics Ltd. | Gas detecting apparatus having condition monitoring means |
US6251243B1 (en) | 1996-10-29 | 2001-06-26 | Zellweger Analytics Ltd. | Gas detecting apparatus having condition monitoring means |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2161689T3 (en) | 2001-12-16 |
IT1246641B (en) | 1994-11-24 |
EP0508966A3 (en) | 1994-09-14 |
ITBO910109A0 (en) | 1991-04-09 |
ITBO910109A1 (en) | 1992-10-09 |
DE69231998D1 (en) | 2001-09-20 |
EP0508966B1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
DE69231998T2 (en) | 2002-04-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6426634B1 (en) | Circuit breaker with integrated self-test enhancements | |
US4390869A (en) | Gas sensing signaling system | |
US5365223A (en) | Fail-safe condition sensing circuit | |
US4595914A (en) | Self-testing combustion products detector | |
CN105210168B (en) | For the GFCI self-testing softwares function program monitored automatically and the blocking of failure safe electric power operates | |
CA1111124A (en) | Fluid level detector test switch | |
US7243540B2 (en) | Low-water cut-off system | |
US5387899A (en) | Alarm system with monitoring circuit for detecting a cut or short in a pair of wires | |
JPH04501613A (en) | Method and device for inspecting the functional normality of an exhaust gas sensor heater and its lead wire system | |
US4039932A (en) | Fault indicator testing apparatus | |
US6339373B1 (en) | Sensor device providing indication of device health | |
EP0508966A2 (en) | Toxic gas detection | |
US5172289A (en) | Automatic insulation tester for grounded and ungrounded electrical equipment | |
US6904800B2 (en) | Low-water cut-off system | |
RU2346336C2 (en) | Danger detector | |
CN113777452B (en) | DC system grounding test device and method for voltage self-adaptive station | |
KR200307562Y1 (en) | Tester for gas leak alarm card of power plant | |
US2988694A (en) | Automatic fault locator | |
CA1279697C (en) | Tester for terminal post resistance for an energy storage element connected in an electrical circuit | |
JP2002245570A (en) | Gas leakage alarm | |
EP1555642B1 (en) | Method for forming and transmitting signals | |
US5698846A (en) | Device and method for improved monitoring of clipping components within surge protection devices | |
JPH09101336A (en) | Driver for controller | |
JPH03113209A (en) | Gas leak alarm shut-off device | |
GB2306735A (en) | Gas detecting safety device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19930226 |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19970221 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: BEGHELLI S.P.A. |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69231998 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20010920 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2161689 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20020108 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20020304 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20020328 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20020527 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030408 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030409 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031101 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20030408 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20031231 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20030409 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20080430 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090408 |