EP0504463A1 - Circuit arrangement for power supply - Google Patents

Circuit arrangement for power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0504463A1
EP0504463A1 EP91104457A EP91104457A EP0504463A1 EP 0504463 A1 EP0504463 A1 EP 0504463A1 EP 91104457 A EP91104457 A EP 91104457A EP 91104457 A EP91104457 A EP 91104457A EP 0504463 A1 EP0504463 A1 EP 0504463A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
branch
contact point
circuit arrangement
current
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Granted
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EP91104457A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0504463B1 (en
Inventor
Fritz Dipl.-Phys. Pohl
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT91104457T priority Critical patent/ATE144075T1/en
Priority to EP91104457A priority patent/EP0504463B1/en
Priority to DE59108266T priority patent/DE59108266D1/en
Publication of EP0504463A1 publication Critical patent/EP0504463A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0504463B1 publication Critical patent/EP0504463B1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/46Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using arcing horns
    • H01H9/465Shunt circuit closed by transferring the arc onto an auxiliary electrode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1081Modifications for selective or back-up protection; Correlation between feeder and branch circuit breaker
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H79/00Protective switches in which excess current causes the closing of contacts, e.g. for short-circuiting the apparatus to be protected

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for current limitation, which has a main current path with at least one contact point with an arc extinguishing region and from which a branch is led out to an external connection.
  • a circuit arrangement for current limitation which has a main current path with at least one contact point with an arc extinguishing region and from which a branch is led out to an external connection.
  • Such a structure is initially comparable to the structure of a three-pole module which is the subject of an application with an older seniority (EP: 90 113 093.0).
  • the current limitation in electrical distributions leads to strong, brief voltage dips in the branches which are not in themselves disturbed when the current limiter is at a high arc voltage.
  • the contact opening of the current limiter when the arc is extinguished, can cause a brief current interruption.
  • sensitive electrical devices such as contactors and electronic components and appropriately equipped devices, both influences lead in practice to malfunctions that cannot be tolerated. This can open the wrong contacts and weld other contacts.
  • Such current limiters which are arranged upstream of several branches, are often called pre-automatic machines.
  • Pre-machines are to support subordinate machines in consumer branches or to protect them against overload.
  • Such circuit breakers against overcurrent and short circuit should be selective to downstream circuit breakers with regard to overcurrent and short circuit, so that only the smallest possible part of a network system is switched off, namely the branch in which the short circuit or the cause of the overcurrent is present.
  • Selectivity is easy to achieve with fuses.
  • circuit breakers for example so-called line circuit breakers
  • the selectivity with regard to Realize overcurrent relatively easily.
  • the thermal triggers provided for this in practice can easily be set to different delays, so that the downstream circuit breaker, in the branch of which is the cause of the overcurrent, always disconnects the line rather than the upstream circuit breaker.
  • circuit breakers In practice, however, it is more difficult to establish selectivity with circuit breakers in the event of a short circuit.
  • the magnetic triggers provided for this purpose in practice which are designed to respond particularly quickly, can only be built with particular effort in construction and wiring such that first the downstream and then the upstream circuit breaker disconnects the line.
  • circuit breakers are often preferred because of their convenience.
  • the disconnection point or contact point in the main current path is closed again, i.e. through-connected, and the disconnection point in the feeder is opened again (column 9, lines 4-10). If the effect of a short circuit behind the circuit breaker is reduced and a mains voltage builds up again, the rise in current in the feeder after various internal circuit measures leads to the point of separation in the main current path again being switched on.
  • the threshold value for a reclosure should thereby be defined more precisely than would be possible with a reclosure with falling current values, as is known from other proposals. Such reclosing is desirable if the short circuit no longer occurs in a branch, for example if a downstream circuit breaker has disconnected the defective branch. The supply of the intact branches is then ensured.
  • limiters are based on the principle of additionally limiting the current over a switching path in the event of a shutdown by switching on further current-limiting means. However, no currents are derived from devices that follow the main current path. Deriving currents (EP: 90 113 093.0) and not only carrying out a current limitation enables further modes of operation, for example the decoupling of an input circuit from the output circuit, which can be particularly important with a larger inductance in the output.
  • Limiters on the other hand, which are only intended to limit the current in the main current path, are known in a wide variety of designs (for example EP-A-0 350 825). In the case of limiters, the voltage for further distribution branches should be maintained as long as possible.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a circuit arrangement for current limitation, which enables selectivity to circuit breakers in downstream branches and avoids brief voltage dips and current interruptions.
  • a circuit arrangement according to claim 1. It has a main current path with at least one contact point with an arc extinguishing region, from which a branch is led out from a contact means to an external connection.
  • the branch is in the area that is met by the electrically conductive arc plasma when the contact point is opened.
  • the voltage on the input side and on the output side of the switching arrangement can be influenced or selected, in each case based on the branch which is led out in the switched-off state.
  • the external connection is to a certain extent connected to the main current branch by the arc plasma. Since the arc voltage is, as usual, above the mains voltage, and the feeder has a low, complex resistance, in particular a low impedance, in the event of a short circuit at a downstream point to the circuit arrangement, the short-circuit current essentially flows through the feeder. The arc voltage of the circuit arrangement stabilizes the voltage, which is why the current in the feeder does not rise to a certain extent.
  • the feeder divides the total current practically into two partial circuits, into an input-side or transformer-side and into an output-side or consumer-side partial circuit.
  • the contact point, or the contact points, of the main current path are bridged by a parallel branch with a further contact point with a delayed, for example thermal release and current limiting resistor.
  • a contact of the other contact point is controlled by the delayed release.
  • the current limiting resistor in the parallel branch takes over the power supply of the other branches on the consumer or output side for a short time when the contact point is open, ie broken. This further promotes the decoupling effect of the circuit arrangement.
  • the further contact point, which is controlled by the delayed release ensures that the parallel branch cannot heat up inadmissibly if the current duration is too long.
  • a sensor for current flow in the parallel branch can advantageously apply a restart lock. If the short circuit in a consumer branch has not yet subsided, the circuit arrangement cannot then be switched on again.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention provides for a rapid interruption to limit the current by means of the arc voltage and, in particular, when the input circuit has low inductance.
  • the voltage for this partial arc between the contact means and the associated contact of the contact point can be set in the output-side or consumer-side subcircuit by a suitable choice of the arrangement of the contact means in the region of the arc plasma.
  • the voltage can be set by the number of arc sections between the quenching plates. In the case of four partial arc lines at 25 V, which is customary in practice, a voltage of 100 V results for this example.
  • the inductance on the consumer side has the effect that the short-circuit current in this partial circuit is not abruptly interrupted via the branch.
  • the output circuit is decoupled from the input circuit by the circuit arrangement according to the invention, the output-side consumer circuit maintaining voltage and current longer than on the input side, on the principle of an electrical free-wheeling circuit.
  • the circuit arrangement can in particular be used in such a way that its main current path into the outer conductor, formerly called phase conductor, of a network is switched on and that its branch is connected to the neutral conductor of the network.
  • these can be connected into the outer conductors of a network, the branches being connected to the neutral conductor of the network.
  • the branches can also be electrically connected to one another without connection to the neutral conductor.
  • circuit arrangement in the event of a short circuit in one branch on the output side, for example in one of several consumer branches, limits the voltage for the other output-side consumer branches to a structurally predetermined value, regardless of the voltage of the total at the Arcing contact point.
  • the circuit arrangement 1 for current limitation has a main current path 2 with a contact point 3.
  • arc quenching plates 5 are arranged in the arc quenching area 4.
  • a branch 7 is led out from a contact means 6 in the area which is fulfilled by the electrically conductive arc plasma when the contact point is opened, to an external connection 8.
  • the routes 9 and 10 between One contact each of the contact point and the contact means 6 determine the distribution of the voltage on the input side, for example 11, and on the output side, for example 12, measured in each case between the input-side connection 13 and the external connection 8 and the output-side connection 14 and the external connection 8.
  • the contact point 3 has two movable contacts.
  • the circuit arrangement 1 is provided with a parallel branch 15 in which a further contact point 16 and a current limiting resistor 17 are arranged.
  • the further contact point 16 is controlled by a thermal release 18.
  • a supply network with an electrical pole 19 and a neutral conductor 20 is connected to the input-side connection 13, the neutral conductor being connected to the external connection 8 of the branch 7.
  • a distribution with the load branches 21 and 22 is connected to the output-side connection 14.
  • a complex resistor 23 with the real part 24, the resistor and the imaginary part 25, the impedance, is illustrated in the load branch 21.
  • a branch switch 26 is arranged in this consumer branch.
  • consumers 27 are illustrated, which are switched on or off by branch switches, not shown.
  • the resistors with the complex resistor 28 present in the input circuit of the network are shown on the input side 11.
  • circuit arrangement 1 responds, an input-side circuit 29 and an output-side circuit 30 are formed.
  • the outer conductors 31, 32 and 33 are connected to main current paths 2, which are each illustrated by an arcing plate arrangement. They each have a parallel branch 15. Their branches 7 are each connected to the neutral conductor 20.
  • the circuit arrangement serves to provide a three-phase consumer 34, e.g. B. to protect an engine.
  • a sensor for current flow can be arranged, which applies a restart lock to the circuit arrangement serving as a special type of circuit breaker.

Landscapes

  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)

Abstract

A circuit arrangement (1) for current limiting, which has a main current path (2) with at least one contact point (3) having an arc extinguishing region (4) from which a branch (7) is led away to an external connection (8). The branch (7) is connected, via a contact means (6), in the region which is filled with electrically conductive arc plasma when the contact gap is opened. The gaps between in each case one contact of the contact point (3) and the contact means (6) determined the voltage on the input side and on the output side during switching off. The contact point (3), or the contact points, of the main current path (2) is/are bridged by a parallel branch (15) having a further contact point (16), delayed trip devices (18) and a current-limiting resistor (17), a contact of the further contact point (16) being controlled by the delayed trip device (18). The output side is decoupled from the input side, on the output side, current and voltage intrusions for load branches during switching off being prevented. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Strombegrenzung, die einen Hauptstrompfad mit zumindest einer Kontaktstelle mit Lichtbogenlöschbereich aufweist, und von dem ein Abzweig zu einem externen Anschluß herausgeführt ist. Ein derartiger Aufbau ist zunächst vergleichbar mit dem Aufbau eines dreipoligen Moduls, der Gegenstand einer Anmeldung mit älterem Zeitrang ist (EP: 90 113 093.0).The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for current limitation, which has a main current path with at least one contact point with an arc extinguishing region and from which a branch is led out to an external connection. Such a structure is initially comparable to the structure of a three-pole module which is the subject of an application with an older seniority (EP: 90 113 093.0).

Die Strombegrenzung in elektrischen Verteilungen, insbesondere bei zentraler Strombegrenzung für mehrere nachgeschaltete Zweige, führt bei hoher Bogenspannung des Strombegrenzers zu starken, kurzzeitigen Spannungseinbrüchen in den an sich nicht gestörten Abzweigen. Außerdem kann durch die Kontaktöffnung des Strombegrenzers, wenn der Lichtbogen gelöscht ist, eine kurzzeitige Stromunterbrechung auftreten. Beide Einflüsse führen bei empfindlichen elektrischen Geräten, wie sie Schütze und Elektronikbauteile und entsprechend bestückte Geräte darstellen, in der Praxis zu Betriebsstörungen, die nicht hinzunehmen sind. So können die falschen Kontakte öffnen und andere Kontakte verschweißen. Derartige, mehreren Zweigen gemeinsam vorgeordnete Strombegrenzer werden häufig Vorautomaten genannt.The current limitation in electrical distributions, especially in the case of central current limitation for a plurality of downstream branches, leads to strong, brief voltage dips in the branches which are not in themselves disturbed when the current limiter is at a high arc voltage. In addition, the contact opening of the current limiter, when the arc is extinguished, can cause a brief current interruption. With sensitive electrical devices such as contactors and electronic components and appropriately equipped devices, both influences lead in practice to malfunctions that cannot be tolerated. This can open the wrong contacts and weld other contacts. Such current limiters, which are arranged upstream of several branches, are often called pre-automatic machines.

Vorautomaten sollen nachgeordnete Automaten in Verbraucherzweigen unterstützen bzw. gegen Überlastung schützen. Derartige Schutzschalter gegen Überstrom und Kurzschluß sollen zu nachgeordneten Schutzschaltern hinsichtlich Überstrom und Kurzschluß selektiv sein, damit jeweils nur der geringstmögliche Teil eines Netzsystems abgeschaltet wird, nämlich der Zweig, in dem der Kurzschluß oder die Ursache des Überstroms vorliegt. Selektivität ist ohne Schwierigkeit mit Schmelzsicherungen zu verwirklichen. Bei Schutzschaltern, beispielsweise sogenannten Leitungsschutzschaltern, läßt sich die Selektivität bezüglich Überstrom verhältnismäßig einfach realisieren. Die hierfür in der Praxis vorgesehenen thermischen Auslöser können ohne weiteres auf verschiedene Verzögerungen eingestellt werden, so daß immer der nachgeschaltete Schutzschalter, in dessen Zweig die Ursache des Überstroms liegt, eher als der vorgeschaltete Schutzschalter die Leitung trennt. Schwieriger ist es in der Praxis jedoch, Selektivität mit Schutzschaltern im Kurzschlußfall herzustellen. Die in der Praxis hierfür vorgesehenen magnetischen Auslöser, die darauf abgestimmt sind, besonders schnell anzusprechen, lassen sich nur mit besonderem Aufwand in Konstruktion und Beschaltung so bauen, daß zuerst der nachgeschaltete und dann der vorgeschaltete Schutzschalter die Leitung trennt. Andererseits werden Schutzschalter wegen ihres Komforts häufig bevorzugt.Pre-machines are to support subordinate machines in consumer branches or to protect them against overload. Such circuit breakers against overcurrent and short circuit should be selective to downstream circuit breakers with regard to overcurrent and short circuit, so that only the smallest possible part of a network system is switched off, namely the branch in which the short circuit or the cause of the overcurrent is present. Selectivity is easy to achieve with fuses. In the case of circuit breakers, for example so-called line circuit breakers, the selectivity with regard to Realize overcurrent relatively easily. The thermal triggers provided for this in practice can easily be set to different delays, so that the downstream circuit breaker, in the branch of which is the cause of the overcurrent, always disconnects the line rather than the upstream circuit breaker. In practice, however, it is more difficult to establish selectivity with circuit breakers in the event of a short circuit. The magnetic triggers provided for this purpose in practice, which are designed to respond particularly quickly, can only be built with particular effort in construction and wiring such that first the downstream and then the upstream circuit breaker disconnects the line. On the other hand, circuit breakers are often preferred because of their convenience.

Viele Vorautomaten arbeiten nach dem Prinzip, eine Kontaktstelle zunächst unter Ziehung eines Lichtbogens ohne Schaltschloß vorübergehend zu öffnen und wieder einzuschalten. Erst nach mehrmaligem Aus- und Einschalten, häufig auch Pumpen genannt, wird erforderlichenfalls eine endgültige Abschaltung durchgeführt. Mehrere Vorschläge befassen sich damit, das geschilderte Pumpen zu vermeiden (DE-C-3 133 200, DE-C-3 137 727, DE-C-3 316 230). Hierbei ist es an sich bekannt, von einem Hauptstrompfad einen Abzweig zu einem eigenen externen Anschluß herauszuführen, wobei im Ruhezustand dieser Abzweig durch eine Kontaktstelle abgetrennt ist (DE-C-3 316 230, Figuren 2 bis 5). Der Abzweig wird zugeschaltet, wenn die Trennstelle im Hauptstrompfad öffnet. Wenn ein Auslösemagnet im Abzweig anspricht, wird die Trennstelle oder Kontaktstelle im Hauptstrompfad wieder geschlossen, also durchverbunden, und die Trennstelle im Abzweig wieder geöffnet (Spalte 9, Zeilen 4-10). Wenn ein Kurzschluß hinter dem Schutzschalter in seiner Wirkung vermindert wird und sich eine Netzspannung wieder aufbaut, führt der Stromanstieg im Abzweig nach verschiedenen internen Schaltungsmaßnahmen dazu, daß die Trennstelle im Hauptstrompfad wieder leitend geschaltet wird. Für in der Praxis verfügbare Bauelemente soll dadurch der Schwellwert für eine Wiedereinschaltung genauer definiert werden als es bei einer Wiedereinschaltung bei fallenden Stromwerten, wie es von anderen Vorschlägen bekannt ist, möglich wäre. Eine derartige Wiedereinschaltung ist dann erwünscht, wenn der Kurzschluß in einem Zweig nicht mehr auftritt, wenn also beispielsweise ein nachgeordneter Schutzschalter den schadhaften Zweig abgetrennt hat. Die Versorgung der intakten Zweige ist dann sichergestellt.Many pre-vending machines work on the principle of temporarily opening a contact point by pulling an arc without a key switch and then switching it on again. Only after repeated switching off and on, often also called pumps, is a final shutdown carried out, if necessary. Several proposals are concerned with avoiding the pumping described (DE-C-3 133 200, DE-C-3 137 727, DE-C-3 316 230). It is known per se to lead a branch from a main current path to its own external connection, this branch being separated by a contact point in the idle state (DE-C-3 316 230, FIGS. 2 to 5). The feeder is switched on when the disconnection point in the main current path opens. If a tripping magnet in the feeder responds, the disconnection point or contact point in the main current path is closed again, i.e. through-connected, and the disconnection point in the feeder is opened again (column 9, lines 4-10). If the effect of a short circuit behind the circuit breaker is reduced and a mains voltage builds up again, the rise in current in the feeder after various internal circuit measures leads to the point of separation in the main current path again being switched on. For components available in practice, the threshold value for a reclosure should thereby be defined more precisely than would be possible with a reclosure with falling current values, as is known from other proposals. Such reclosing is desirable if the short circuit no longer occurs in a branch, for example if a downstream circuit breaker has disconnected the defective branch. The supply of the intact branches is then ensured.

Ein anderer bekannter Weg zur Strombegrenzung wird mit sogenannten Limitern beschritten. Limiter beruhen auf dem Prinzip, den Strom über eine Schaltstrecke im Abschaltfall zusätzlich dadurch zu begrenzen, daß weitere strombegrenzende Mittel eingeschaltet werden. Von Einrichtungen, die dem Hauptstrompfad nachgeordnet sind, werden hierbei jedoch keine Ströme abgeleitet. Ströme abzuleiten (EP: 90 113 093.0) und nicht nur eine Strombegrenzung durchzuführen, ermöglicht weitere Wirkungsweisen, beispielsweise die Entkopplung eines Eingangsstromkreises vom Ausgangsstromkreis, was bei einer größeren Induktivität im Ausgang besonders zum Tragen kommen kann. Limiter, die dagegen nur eine Strombegrenzung im Hauptstrompfad bewirken sollen, sind in den verschiedenartigsten Ausführungen bekannt (beispielsweise EP-A-0 350 825). Bei Limitern soll die Spannung für weitere Verteilungszweige so lang wie möglich aufrechterhalten werden.Another known way to limit the current is taken with so-called limiters. Limiters are based on the principle of additionally limiting the current over a switching path in the event of a shutdown by switching on further current-limiting means. However, no currents are derived from devices that follow the main current path. Deriving currents (EP: 90 113 093.0) and not only carrying out a current limitation enables further modes of operation, for example the decoupling of an input circuit from the output circuit, which can be particularly important with a larger inductance in the output. Limiters, on the other hand, which are only intended to limit the current in the main current path, are known in a wide variety of designs (for example EP-A-0 350 825). In the case of limiters, the voltage for further distribution branches should be maintained as long as possible.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Strombegrenzung zu entwickeln, die Selektivität zu Schutzschaltern in nachgeordneten Zweigen ermöglicht und kurzzeitige Spannungseinbrüche sowie Stromunterbrechungen vermeidet.The invention has for its object to develop a circuit arrangement for current limitation, which enables selectivity to circuit breakers in downstream branches and avoids brief voltage dips and current interruptions.

Die Lösung der geschilderten Aufgabe erfolgt durch eine Schaltungsanordnung nach Patentanspruch 1. Sie weist einen Hauptstrompfad mit zumindest einer Kontaktstelle mit Lichtbogenlöschbereich auf, von dem ein Abzweig von einem Kontaktmittel zu einem externen Anschluß herausgeführt ist. Der Abzweig ist in dem Bereich, der vom elektrisch leitenden Lichtbogenplasma beim Öffnen der Kontaktstelle erfüllt wird, angeordnet. Je nach Wahl der Strecken zwischen einem der Kontakte, der Kontaktstelle und dem Kontaktmittel kann die Spannung auf der Eingangsseite und auf der Ausgangsseite der Schaltanordnung, jeweils bezogen auf den herausgeführten Abzweig im Abschaltzustand beeinflußt bzw. gewählt werden.The described object is achieved by a circuit arrangement according to claim 1. It has a main current path with at least one contact point with an arc extinguishing region, from which a branch is led out from a contact means to an external connection. The branch is in the area that is met by the electrically conductive arc plasma when the contact point is opened. Depending on the selection of the distances between one of the contacts, the contact point and the contact means, the voltage on the input side and on the output side of the switching arrangement can be influenced or selected, in each case based on the branch which is led out in the switched-off state.

Der externe Anschluß wird gewissermaßen durch das Lichtbogenplasma an den Hauptstromzweig angeschlossen. Da die Lichtbogenspannung, wie üblich, über der Netzspannung liegt, und der Abzweig einen geringen komplexen Widerstand, insbesondere eine niedrige Impedanz, aufweist, fließt im Fall eines Kurzschlusses an nachgeordneter Stelle zur Schaltungsanordnung der Kurzschlußstrom im wesentlichen über den Abzweig. Die Lichtbogenspannung der Schaltungsanordnung stabilisiert die Spannung, weshalb der Strom im Abzweig nicht über ein gewisses Maß ansteigt. Der Abzweig teilt den Gesamtstrom praktisch in zwei Teilkreise, in einen eingangsseitigen bzw. transformatorseitigen und in einen ausgangsseitigen bzw. verbraucherseitigen Teilstromkreis.The external connection is to a certain extent connected to the main current branch by the arc plasma. Since the arc voltage is, as usual, above the mains voltage, and the feeder has a low, complex resistance, in particular a low impedance, in the event of a short circuit at a downstream point to the circuit arrangement, the short-circuit current essentially flows through the feeder. The arc voltage of the circuit arrangement stabilizes the voltage, which is why the current in the feeder does not rise to a certain extent. The feeder divides the total current practically into two partial circuits, into an input-side or transformer-side and into an output-side or consumer-side partial circuit.

Die Kontaktstelle, bzw. die Kontaktstellen, des Hauptstrompfades sind durch einen Parallelzweig mit einer weiteren Kontaktstelle mit verzögertem, beispielsweise thermischem Auslöser und Strombegrenzungswiderstand überbrückt. Hierbei wird ein Kontakt der weiteren Kontaktstelle vom verzögerten Auslöser gesteuert. Nach der Unterbrechung des Stromes in einem verbraucherseitigen Zweig übernimmt der Strombegrenzungswiderstand im Parallelzweig bei offener, also unterbrochener, Kontaktstelle für kurze Zeit die Stromversorgung der übrigen Zweige auf der Verbraucher bzw. Ausgangsseite. Hierdurch wird die entkoppelnde Wirkung der Schaltungsanordnung weiter gefördert. Die weitere Kontaktstelle, die vom verzögerten Auslöser gesteuert wird, sorgt dafür, daß bei unzulässig langer Stromdauer sich der Parallelzweig nicht unzulässig erwärmen kann. Ein Sensor für Stromfluß im Parallelzweig kann vorteilhafterweise eine Wiedereinschaltsperre beaufschlagen. Wenn der Kurzschluß in einem Verbraucherzweig noch nicht abgeklungen ist, kann die Schaltungsanordnung dann nicht wieder eingeschaltet werden.The contact point, or the contact points, of the main current path are bridged by a parallel branch with a further contact point with a delayed, for example thermal release and current limiting resistor. A contact of the other contact point is controlled by the delayed release. After the interruption of the current in a branch on the consumer side, the current limiting resistor in the parallel branch takes over the power supply of the other branches on the consumer or output side for a short time when the contact point is open, ie broken. This further promotes the decoupling effect of the circuit arrangement. The further contact point, which is controlled by the delayed release, ensures that the parallel branch cannot heat up inadmissibly if the current duration is too long. A sensor for current flow in the parallel branch can advantageously apply a restart lock. If the short circuit in a consumer branch has not yet subsided, the circuit arrangement cannot then be switched on again.

Bei der eingangs geschilderten Schaltung nach Art eines Vorautomaten (DE-C-3 316 230) kann sich eine Entkopplung durch zwei Teilstromkreise wegen des zunächst unterbrochenen Abzweigs nicht einstellen. Der Abzweig soll dort vielmehr in der Endphase des Abschaltvorgangs ein Wiedereinschalten des Hauptstrompfades bewirken.In the circuit described above in the manner of a pre-automat (DE-C-3 316 230), decoupling by two partial circuits cannot occur because of the initially interrupted branch. Rather, the branch there should cause the main current path to be switched on again in the final phase of the switch-off process.

Im transformatorseitigen Teilstromkreis sorgt die Schaltungsanordnung nach der Erfindung zur Strombegrenzung durch die Lichtbogenspannung und insbesondere bei niedriger Induktivität des Eingangsstromkreises für eine rasche Unterbrechung. Im ausgangsseitigen bzw. verbraucherseitigen Teilstromkreis kann durch geeignete Wahl der Anordnung des Kontaktmittels in Bereich des Lichtbogenplasmas die Spannung für diesen Teillichtbogen zwischen dem Kontaktmittel und dem zugeordneten Kontakt der Kontaktstelle eingestellt werden. Bei Verwendung von Lichtbogenlöschblechen kann man beispielsweise die Spannung durch die Anzahl der Lichtbogenteilstrecken zwischen den Löschblechen die Spannung einstellen. Bei vier Teillichtbogenstrecken zu in der Praxis üblichen 25 V ergibt sich für dieses Beispiel eine Spannung von 100 V. Die Induktivität auf der Verbraucherseite bewirkt, daß der Kurzschlußstrom in diesen Teilkreis über den Abzweig nicht abrupt unterbrochen wird. Für einen Kurzschluß von 5 kA bei cos 0̸ = 0,6 und bei 240 V Netzspannung und 100 V Bogenspannung erhält man beispielsweise eine Abklingzeit von 1 bis 2 ms des Kurzschlußstromes. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung wird der Ausgangskreis vom Eingangskreis entkoppelt, wobei der ausgangsseitige Verbraucherkreis nach dem Prinzip einer elektrischen Freilaufschaltung Spannung und Strom länger aufrecht erhält als auf der Eingangsseite.In the transformer-side subcircuit, the circuit arrangement according to the invention provides for a rapid interruption to limit the current by means of the arc voltage and, in particular, when the input circuit has low inductance. The voltage for this partial arc between the contact means and the associated contact of the contact point can be set in the output-side or consumer-side subcircuit by a suitable choice of the arrangement of the contact means in the region of the arc plasma. When using arc quenching plates, for example, the voltage can be set by the number of arc sections between the quenching plates. In the case of four partial arc lines at 25 V, which is customary in practice, a voltage of 100 V results for this example. The inductance on the consumer side has the effect that the short-circuit current in this partial circuit is not abruptly interrupted via the branch. For a short circuit of 5 kA at cos 0̸ = 0.6 and at 240 V mains voltage and 100 V arc voltage, for example, a decay time of 1 to 2 ms of the short-circuit current is obtained. The output circuit is decoupled from the input circuit by the circuit arrangement according to the invention, the output-side consumer circuit maintaining voltage and current longer than on the input side, on the principle of an electrical free-wheeling circuit.

Die Schaltungsanordnung kann insbesondere so genutzt werden, daß deren Hauptstrompfad in den Außenleiter, früher Phasenleiter genannt, eines Netzes eingeschaltet ist und daß deren Abzweig an den Neutralleiter des Netzes angeschlossen wird. Bei einer Ausführung mit mehreren Hauptstrompfaden können diese in die Außenleiter eines Netzes eingeschaltet werden, wobei die Abzweige an den Neutralleiter des Netzes angeschlossen werden. Die Abzweige können auch miteinander elektrisch verbunden werden, ohne Anschluß an den Neutralleiter. Man hat dann eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Strombegrenzung für ein elektrisch mehrpoliges Netz.The circuit arrangement can in particular be used in such a way that its main current path into the outer conductor, formerly called phase conductor, of a network is switched on and that its branch is connected to the neutral conductor of the network. In the case of a version with a plurality of main current paths, these can be connected into the outer conductors of a network, the branches being connected to the neutral conductor of the network. The branches can also be electrically connected to one another without connection to the neutral conductor. One then has a circuit arrangement for current limitation for an electrical multi-pole network.

Wesentlich ist, daß durch die Schaltungsanordnung im Fall eines Kurzschlusses in einem Zweig auf der Ausgangsseite, beispielsweise in einem von mehreren Verbraucherzweigen, die Spannung für die übrigen ausgangsseitigen Verbraucherzweige auf einen konstruktiv vorbestimmten Wert begrenzt werden, und zwar unabhängig von der Spannung des insgesamt an der Kontaktstelle entstehenden Lichtbogens.It is essential that the circuit arrangement in the event of a short circuit in one branch on the output side, for example in one of several consumer branches, limits the voltage for the other output-side consumer branches to a structurally predetermined value, regardless of the voltage of the total at the Arcing contact point.

Die Erfindung soll nun anhand von in der Zeichnung grob schematisch wiedergegebenen Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert werden:

In FIG 1
ist die Schaltungsanordnung, eingesetzt in einem Netz, dargestellt.
In FIG 2
ist eine Schaltungsanordnung für drei elektrische Pole und einen Neutralleiter wiedergegeben.
The invention will now be explained in greater detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments shown roughly schematically in the drawing:
In FIG. 1
the circuit arrangement used in a network is shown.
In FIG. 2
is a circuit arrangement for three electrical poles and a neutral conductor.

Die Schaltungsanordnung 1 zur Strombegrenzung, nach Figur 1, weist einen Hauptstrompfad 2 mit einer Kontaktstelle 3 auf. Im Lichtbogenlöschbereich 4 sind im Ausführungsbeispiel Lichtbogenlöschbleche 5 angeordnet. Von einem Kontaktmittel 6 in dem Bereich, der vom elektrisch leitenden Lichtbogenplasma beim Öffnen der Kontaktstelle erfüllt wird, ist ein Abzweig 7 zu einem externen Anschluß 8 herausgeführt. Die Strecken 9 und 10 zwischen jeweils einem Kontakt der Kontaktstelle und dem Kontaktmittel 6 bestimmen die Aufteilung der Spannung auf der Eingangsseite, beispielsweise 11, und auf der Ausgangsseite, beispielsweise 12, jeweils gemessen zwischen dem eingangsseitigen Anschluß 13 und dem externen Anschluß 8 und dem ausgangsseitigen Anschluß 14 und dem externen Anschluß 8. Im Aufführungsbeispiel nach Figur 1 weist die Kontaktstelle 3 zwei bewegliche Kontakte auf.The circuit arrangement 1 for current limitation, according to FIG. 1, has a main current path 2 with a contact point 3. In the exemplary embodiment, arc quenching plates 5 are arranged in the arc quenching area 4. A branch 7 is led out from a contact means 6 in the area which is fulfilled by the electrically conductive arc plasma when the contact point is opened, to an external connection 8. The routes 9 and 10 between One contact each of the contact point and the contact means 6 determine the distribution of the voltage on the input side, for example 11, and on the output side, for example 12, measured in each case between the input-side connection 13 and the external connection 8 and the output-side connection 14 and the external connection 8. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the contact point 3 has two movable contacts.

Die Schaltungsanordnung 1 ist mit einem Parallelzweig 15 versehen, in dem eine weitere Kontaktstelle 16 und ein Strombegrenzungswiderstand 17 angeordnet sind. Die weitere Kontaktstelle 16 wird von einem thermischen Auslöser 18 gesteuert. Am eingangsseitigen Anschluß 13 ist ein Versorgungsnetz mit einem elektrischen Pol 19 und einem Neutralleiter 20 angeschlossen, wobei der Neutralleiter am externen Anschluß 8 des Abzweigs 7 angeschlossen ist. Am ausgangsseitigen Anschluß 14 ist eine Verteilung mit den Verbraucherzweigen 21 und 22 angeschlossen. Im Verbraucherzweig 21 ist ein komplexer Widerstand 23 mit dem Realteil 24, dem Widerstand und dem Imaginärteil 25, der Impedanz, veranschaulicht. Weiter ist ein Zweigschalter 26 in diesem Verbraucherzweig angeordnet. In den weiteren Zweigen 22 sind Verbraucher 27 veranschaulicht, die durch nicht dargestellte Zweigschalter einoder ausgeschaltet werden.The circuit arrangement 1 is provided with a parallel branch 15 in which a further contact point 16 and a current limiting resistor 17 are arranged. The further contact point 16 is controlled by a thermal release 18. A supply network with an electrical pole 19 and a neutral conductor 20 is connected to the input-side connection 13, the neutral conductor being connected to the external connection 8 of the branch 7. A distribution with the load branches 21 and 22 is connected to the output-side connection 14. A complex resistor 23 with the real part 24, the resistor and the imaginary part 25, the impedance, is illustrated in the load branch 21. Furthermore, a branch switch 26 is arranged in this consumer branch. In the further branches 22, consumers 27 are illustrated, which are switched on or off by branch switches, not shown.

Auf der Eingangsseite 11 sind die im Eingangskreis des Netzes vorhandenen Widerstände mit dem komplexen Widerstand 28 dargestellt. Beim Ansprechen der Schaltungsanordnung 1 bildet sich ein eingangsseitiger Stromkreis 29 und ein ausgangsseitiger Stromkreis 30.The resistors with the complex resistor 28 present in the input circuit of the network are shown on the input side 11. When circuit arrangement 1 responds, an input-side circuit 29 and an output-side circuit 30 are formed.

Bei der Schaltungsanordnung nach Figur 2 sind die Außenleiter 31, 32 und 33 an Hauptstrompfade 2 angeschlossen, die jeweils durch eine Löschblechanordnung veranschaulicht sind. Sie weisen jeweils einen Parallelzweig 15 auf. Ihre Abzweige 7 sind jeweils am Neutralleiter 20 angeschlossen. Im Ausführungsbeispiel dient die Schaltungsanordnung dazu, einen dreiphasigen Verbraucher 34, z. B. einen Motor, zu schützen. In die Parallelzweige 15 kann jeweils ein Sensor für Stromfluß angeordnet sein, der eine Wiedereinschaltsperre der als Schutzschalter besonderer Art dienenden Schaltungsanordnung beaufschlagt.In the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 2, the outer conductors 31, 32 and 33 are connected to main current paths 2, which are each illustrated by an arcing plate arrangement. They each have a parallel branch 15. Their branches 7 are each connected to the neutral conductor 20. In the exemplary embodiment, the circuit arrangement serves to provide a three-phase consumer 34, e.g. B. to protect an engine. In each of the parallel branches 15 a sensor for current flow can be arranged, which applies a restart lock to the circuit arrangement serving as a special type of circuit breaker.

Claims (5)

Schaltungsanordnung (1) zur Strombegrenzung, die einen Hauptstrompfad (2) mit zumindest einer Kontaktstelle (3) mit Lichtbogenlöschbereich (4) aufweist, von dem ein Abzweig (7) von einem Kontaktmittel (6) zu einem externen Anschluß (8) herausgeführt ist, wobei die Strecken zwischen einem Kontakt der Kontaktstelle und dem Kontaktmittel (6) die Aufteilung der Spannung auf der Eingangsseite (11) und auf der Ausgangsseite (12) der Schaltungsanordnung bezogen auf den herausgeführten Abzweig (7) während des Abschaltvorgangs bestimmen, und wobei die Kontaktstelle (3), bzw. die Kontaktstellen, des Hauptstrompfades (2) durch einen Parallelzweig (15) mit einer weiteren Kontaktstelle (16), verzögerten Auslöser (18) und Strombegrenzungswiderstand (17) überbrückt wird, wobei ein Kontakt der weiteren Kontaktstelle (16) vom verzögerten Auslöser (18) gesteuert wird.Circuit arrangement (1) for current limitation, which has a main current path (2) with at least one contact point (3) with an arc extinguishing region (4), from which a branch (7) is led out from a contact means (6) to an external connection (8), wherein the distances between a contact of the contact point and the contact means (6) determine the distribution of the voltage on the input side (11) and on the output side (12) of the circuit arrangement with respect to the branch (7) led out during the disconnection process, and wherein the contact point (3), or the contact points, of the main current path (2) are bridged by a parallel branch (15) with a further contact point (16), delayed release (18) and current limiting resistor (17), one contact of the further contact point (16) is controlled by the delayed trigger (18). Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1, deren Hauptstrompfad (2) in den Außenleiter, früher Phasenleiter genannt, eines Netzes eingeschaltet ist und deren Abzweig (7) an den Neutralleiter (20) des Netzes angeschlossen ist.Circuit arrangement according to Claim 1, the main current path (2) of which is switched on in the outer conductor, formerly called the phase conductor, of a network and the branch (7) of which is connected to the neutral conductor (20) of the network. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Hauptstrompfade (2) in die Außenleiter (31, 32, 33) eines Netzes eingeschaltet sind, deren Abzweige (7) miteinander elektrisch verbunden sind.
Circuit arrangement according to claim 1,
characterized in that a plurality of main current paths (2) are connected into the outer conductors (31, 32, 33) of a network, the branches (7) of which are electrically connected to one another.
Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die miteinander elektrisch verbundenen Abzweige (7) an den Neutralleiter (20) des Netzes angeschlossen sind.
Circuit arrangement according to claim 3,
characterized in that the branches (7) which are electrically connected to one another are connected to the neutral conductor (20) of the network.
Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Sensor für Stromfluß im Parallelzweig (15) eine Wiedereinschaltsperre beaufschlagt.
Circuit arrangement according to claim 1,
characterized in that a sensor for current flow in the parallel branch (15) acts on a restart lock.
EP91104457A 1991-03-21 1991-03-21 Circuit arrangement for power supply Expired - Lifetime EP0504463B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT91104457T ATE144075T1 (en) 1991-03-21 1991-03-21 CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR POWER SUPPLY
EP91104457A EP0504463B1 (en) 1991-03-21 1991-03-21 Circuit arrangement for power supply
DE59108266T DE59108266D1 (en) 1991-03-21 1991-03-21 Circuit arrangement for power supply

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91104457A EP0504463B1 (en) 1991-03-21 1991-03-21 Circuit arrangement for power supply

Publications (2)

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EP0504463A1 true EP0504463A1 (en) 1992-09-23
EP0504463B1 EP0504463B1 (en) 1996-10-09

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EP (1) EP0504463B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE144075T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59108266D1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4243314A1 (en) * 1992-12-21 1994-06-23 Abb Management Ag Current limiting switch with additional attenuating switch action
US5689397A (en) * 1993-03-25 1997-11-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for disconnecting branches of a low voltage supply network under short circuit conditions
EP1953787A3 (en) * 2007-02-01 2011-10-12 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Device for protecting against voltage surges with mobile contact comprising selective disconnection means

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004019532A1 (en) * 2004-04-22 2005-11-10 Medvetskiy, Oleksandr Safety switch for wiring, cuts off short-circuited electric circuit in consumer from source of electricity in emergency situations

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2924752A (en) * 1957-07-12 1960-02-09 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Combined circuit breaker and short circuiter
US4184186A (en) * 1977-09-06 1980-01-15 General Electric Company Current limiting device for an electric power system
DE3316230A1 (en) * 1982-05-15 1983-11-24 Hager Electro GmbH + Co, 6601 Ensheim Line and/or apparatus protection circuit breaker against excess current and short circuit
EP0205369A1 (en) * 1985-05-29 1986-12-17 Merlin Gerin Low tension circuit breaker with a shunt effect

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2924752A (en) * 1957-07-12 1960-02-09 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Combined circuit breaker and short circuiter
US4184186A (en) * 1977-09-06 1980-01-15 General Electric Company Current limiting device for an electric power system
DE3316230A1 (en) * 1982-05-15 1983-11-24 Hager Electro GmbH + Co, 6601 Ensheim Line and/or apparatus protection circuit breaker against excess current and short circuit
EP0205369A1 (en) * 1985-05-29 1986-12-17 Merlin Gerin Low tension circuit breaker with a shunt effect

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4243314A1 (en) * 1992-12-21 1994-06-23 Abb Management Ag Current limiting switch with additional attenuating switch action
DE4243314C2 (en) * 1992-12-21 1998-08-20 Asea Brown Boveri Current limiting switch
US5689397A (en) * 1993-03-25 1997-11-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for disconnecting branches of a low voltage supply network under short circuit conditions
EP1953787A3 (en) * 2007-02-01 2011-10-12 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Device for protecting against voltage surges with mobile contact comprising selective disconnection means

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0504463B1 (en) 1996-10-09
ATE144075T1 (en) 1996-10-15
DE59108266D1 (en) 1996-11-14

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