EP0502408B1 - Method of and device for controlling webs - Google Patents

Method of and device for controlling webs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0502408B1
EP0502408B1 EP92103206A EP92103206A EP0502408B1 EP 0502408 B1 EP0502408 B1 EP 0502408B1 EP 92103206 A EP92103206 A EP 92103206A EP 92103206 A EP92103206 A EP 92103206A EP 0502408 B1 EP0502408 B1 EP 0502408B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
web
band width
distance
speed
control pulse
Prior art date
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EP92103206A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0502408A1 (en
Inventor
Josef Dipl.-Ing. Öttl
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Grafotec Kotterer GmbH
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Grafotec Kotterer GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41FPRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F33/00Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
    • B41F33/04Tripping devices or stop-motions
    • B41F33/14Automatic control of tripping devices by feelers, photoelectric devices, pneumatic devices, or other detectors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41FPRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F33/00Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
    • B41F33/18Web break detection
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H26/00Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions, for web-advancing mechanisms
    • B65H26/02Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions, for web-advancing mechanisms responsive to presence of irregularities in running webs
    • B65H26/025Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions, for web-advancing mechanisms responsive to presence of irregularities in running webs responsive to web breakage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2513/00Dynamic entities; Timing aspects
    • B65H2513/10Speed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring a web in a machine processing a web, in particular in a printing machine, according to the preamble of claim 1, and according to a further concept of the invention relates to a device for carrying out this method according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • the advantages which can be achieved with the measures according to the invention are primarily to be seen in the avoidance of the disadvantages described at the outset.
  • the measures according to the invention thus provide a simple possibility of avoiding false pulses by using a larger bandwidth within operating phases in which larger flutter movements of the web are to be expected. Nevertheless, a low inertia and, accordingly, a high level of safety can be guaranteed in operating phases in which the web is expected to run smoothly.
  • the bandwidth, when a control pulse is emitted, can advantageously be changed stepwise, expediently in the form of a step. This results in a particularly simple design.
  • Another expedient measure can be that the computer forming a signal processing device is programmed so that at least the distance between the web and the sensor when the speed signal arrives is measured and this distance can be set as the center of the preferably smaller bandwidth that can be set after the speed signal arrives.
  • the web-fed rotary printing machine indicated in FIG. 1 by a printing unit 1 is used for printing on a paper web 2.
  • a printing unit 1 As a rule, a plurality of printing units arranged one behind the other are provided, of which only the last one is shown in FIG. 1. Following the last printing unit, the paper web 2 passes through a dryer 3.
  • FIG. 1 shows a web catching device 5 arranged in the outlet area of the last printing unit 1.
  • the assigned web break switch 6 is located in the area of the dryer entrance.
  • the web break switch 6 contains a sensor 10 consisting of a transmitter 8 and a receiver 9, which is connected to a signal processing device 11 from which the signal line 7 extends.
  • the resulting reflection beam 13 is received by the receiver 9.
  • the beams 12, 13 can be light beams or preferably ultrasound beams.
  • the time difference ⁇ t indicated in FIG. 2 lies between the exit of the monitoring beam 12 indicated by a solid line from the transmitter 8 and the corresponding arrival of the reflection beam 13 indicated by the dashed line in FIG. From this time difference and the propagation speed, in the case of ultrasound beams of the speed of sound, the distance of the web 2 from the sensor 10 indicated in FIG. 1 at d 1 can be determined.
  • the safety device 5 remains passivated. As soon as the amount of ⁇ t or d is no longer in an approved range, i.e. no presence of the web 2 is found within the permitted range, this is interpreted as a web break. In this case, a control pulse is generated by the signal processing device 11 connected to the sensor 10, by means of which the web guiding device 5 is activated and the machine drive of the printing press is switched off and braked.
  • the required arithmetic operation is carried out by the signal processing device 11.
  • a programmable computer designed as a microprocessor is provided to form the signal processing device 11. This is programmed so that it switches from a certain speed of the web 2 from a larger area, indicated at B in FIG. 1, for the permissible position of the web 2 and accordingly for the distance d to a smaller area, indicated at b in FIG .
  • the resulting from the areas B and b for the permissible position of the web 2 Bandwidths for the distance d between web 2 and sensor 10 are indicated in Figure 3 at B 'and b'.
  • the time difference is measured, from which the distance is determined using the above formula. The same bandwidths therefore apply to the time difference.
  • Switching from the larger band width to the smaller band can, as can be seen in FIG. 3 from step S, take place in a web-fed rotary printing press of the present type when the web 2 has reached approximately 10% of its intended final speed.
  • the computer forming the signal processing device 11 is accordingly provided with an input 11a for a web speed signal. At this input there is a signal line 15 coming from a speed sensor 14. As soon as the machine and, accordingly, the web 2 reach the predetermined speed, the computer forming the signal processing device 11 receives a pulse via the signal line 15, which triggers the aforementioned switch from B to b .
  • the assembly of the sensor 10 is carried out so that the theoretical transport plane of the web 2 is approximately in the middle of the larger bandwidth B '. Due to assembly inaccuracies, however, there may be deviations, which, however, does not play any significant role in the area of the larger bandwidth B, as is indicated in FIG. 3 by the asymmetrical position of the larger bandwidth B ′ relative to the plane of the path indicated by a dash-dotted line. In the area of the smaller bandwidth b 'these inaccuracies are excluded.
  • the computer forming the signal processing device 11 is programmed so that it takes the distance d 1 measured between the path 2 and sensor 10 when the above-mentioned speed signal is received as the center of the smaller bandwidth b ', so that this, as can be seen from FIG. 3, increases symmetrically the path level indicated by a dash-dotted line. Accordingly, self-adjustment takes place independently of the sensor assembly. The same applies in the event that there are several possibilities in the machine for the path of web 2, as is often the case in folders, for example. Even in cases of this type, the sensor 10 adjusts itself to the path of the path 2 chosen in each case.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft gemäß einem ersten Erfindungsgedanken ein Verfahren zur Überwachung einer Bahn in einer eine Bahn verarbeitenden Maschine, insbesondere in einer Druckmaschine, gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und geht gemäß einem weiteren Erfindungsgedanken auf eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 6.According to a first concept of the invention, the invention relates to a method for monitoring a web in a machine processing a web, in particular in a printing machine, according to the preamble of claim 1, and according to a further concept of the invention relates to a device for carrying out this method according to the preamble of claim 6.

Bisher wird mit einer fest eingestellten Bandbreite gearbeitet, die dementsprechend für alle Geschwindigkeiten der Bahn wirksam ist. Solange die Bahn innerhalb dieser Bandbreite vorhanden ist, passiert nichts. Sobald innerhalb der vorgegebenen Bandbreite keine Bahn mehr vorhanden ist, wird ein Steuerimpuls abgegeben, der in der Regel zum Abschalten der Maschine und/oder zum Fangen und/oder zum Trennen der Bahn verwendet wird (siehe z.B. DE-A-38 22 497 und DE-A-2701992). Nachteilig hierbei ist, daß die Bahn nicht bei jeder Geschwindigkeit gleich ruhig läuft, sondern vielfach zu Flattern neigt. Bei der in einer Druckmaschine zu bedruckenden Papierbahn ist dies in der Regel beim Bahneinzug und beim Anfahren der Maschine der Fall. Hierbei besteht daher die Gefahr, daß die Bahn bereits infolge ihrer Flatterbewegungen außerhalb der vorgesehenen Bandbreite, die zur Vermeidung von Totzeiten nicht zu groß sein darf, gelangt. Die Folge davon ist ein Fehlimpuls, d.h. die Anzeige eines Bahnrisses, ohne daß ein solcher tatsächlich vorliegt.So far, a fixed bandwidth has been used, which is accordingly effective for all speeds of the web. As long as the train is within this range, nothing happens. As soon as there are no more lanes within the specified range a control pulse is emitted, which is generally used to switch off the machine and / or to catch and / or to separate the web (see, for example, DE-A-38 22 497 and DE-A-2701992). The disadvantage here is that the web does not run smoothly at any speed, but tends to flutter in many cases. In the case of the paper web to be printed in a printing press, this is generally the case when the web is drawn in and when the machine is started up. There is therefore a risk that the web, due to its fluttering movements, will get outside the intended range, which must not be too large to avoid dead times. The consequence of this is a false pulse, ie the display of a web break without it actually being present.

Eine Vergrößerung der Bandbreite würde zwar beim Einziehen der Bahn bzw. beim Anfahren der Maschine Fehlsignale vermeiden, jedoch bei normalem Betrieb mit voller Geschwindigkeit eine vergleichsweise große Ansprechträgheit verursachen, was unerwünscht ist. Man ist daher bisher zu Kompromissen genötigt, die jedoch beim Bahneinzug bzw. beim Anfahren der Maschine keine ausreichende Zuverlässigkeit gewährleisten und bei Normalbetrieb keine ausreichende Sicherheit garantieren.An increase in the bandwidth would avoid false signals when the web was pulled in or when the machine was started, but would cause a comparatively high response inertia in normal operation at full speed, which is undesirable. So far, compromises have been made, which, however, do not guarantee sufficient reliability when entering the web or starting the machine and do not guarantee adequate safety during normal operation.

Hiervon ausgehend ist es daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung gattungsgemäßer Art mit einfachen und kostengünstigen Mitteln so zu verbessern, daß bei jedem Betriebszustand ein optimales Überwachungsergebnis erreicht wird.Proceeding from this, it is therefore the object of the present invention to improve a method and a device of the generic type with simple and inexpensive means so that an optimal monitoring result is achieved in every operating state.

Die verfahrensmäßige Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 angegeben. Die vorrichtungsmäßige Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 6 angegeben.The procedural solution to this problem is specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. The device-like solution to this problem is specified in the characterizing part of claim 6.

Die mit den erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen erzielbaren Vorteile sind in erster Linie in der Vermeidung der eingangs geschilderten Nachteile zu sehen. So geben die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen eine einfache Möglichkeit an die Hand, innerhalb von Betriebsphasen, in denen größere Flatterbewegungen der Bahn zu erwarten sind, durch Verwendung einer größeren Bandbreite Fehlimpulse zu vermeiden. Dennoch lassen sich in Betriebsphasen, in denen ein ruhiger Lauf der Bahn zu erwarten ist, eine geringe Trägheit und dementsprechend eine hohe Sicherheit gewährleisten.The advantages which can be achieved with the measures according to the invention are primarily to be seen in the avoidance of the disadvantages described at the outset. The measures according to the invention thus provide a simple possibility of avoiding false pulses by using a larger bandwidth within operating phases in which larger flutter movements of the web are to be expected. Nevertheless, a low inertia and, accordingly, a high level of safety can be guaranteed in operating phases in which the web is expected to run smoothly.

Vorteilhaft kann die Bandbreite, bei deren Überschreiten ein Steuerimpuls abgegeben wird, stufenförmig, zweckmässig in Form einer Stufe, verändert werden. Dies ergibt eine besonders einfache Ausführung.The bandwidth, when a control pulse is emitted, can advantageously be changed stepwise, expediently in the form of a step. This results in a particularly simple design.

Eine weitere zweckmäßige Maßnahme kann darin bestehen, daß der eine Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung bildende Rechner so programmiert ist, daß zumindest der beim Eintreffen des Geschwindigkeitssignals vorhandene Abstand zwischen Bahn und Sensor gemessen und dieser Abstand als Mitte der nach Eintreffen des Geschwindigkeitssignals einstellbaren, vorzugsweise kleineren Bandbreite einstellbar ist. Diese Maßnahmen gewährleisten in vorteilhafter Weise eine Selbstjustage des Sensors. Auf Montagegenauigkeit kommt es daher nicht mehr in dem Maße an wie bisher. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist darin zu sehen, daß man infolge der genannten Selbstjustage auch bei Anordnungen mit mehreren möglichen Papierwegen mit nur einem Sensor für sämtliche Papierwege auskommt, da sich der Sensor auf den jeweils gewählten Weg selbst einstellt.Another expedient measure can be that the computer forming a signal processing device is programmed so that at least the distance between the web and the sensor when the speed signal arrives is measured and this distance can be set as the center of the preferably smaller bandwidth that can be set after the speed signal arrives. These measures advantageously ensure self-adjustment of the sensor. The accuracy of the assembly is therefore no longer so important as until now. Another advantage can be seen in the fact that, as a result of the self-adjustment mentioned, even with arrangements with several possible paper paths, one sensor is sufficient for all paper paths, since the sensor adjusts itself to the path chosen in each case.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und zweckmäßige Fortbildungen der übergeordneten Maßnahmen sind in den übrigen Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further advantageous refinements and expedient further training of the superordinate measures are specified in the remaining subclaims.

Nachstehend wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigen:

Figur 1
eine schematische Ansicht einer Rollenrotationsdruckmaschine mit erfindungsgemäßer Überwachungseinrichtung zur Betätigung einer Bahnfangvorrichtung,
Figur 2
ein Zeitdiagramm des Überwachungs- und Reflexionsstrahls und
Figur 3
ein Zeitdiagramm der zulässigen Bandbreite über der Maschinengeschwindigkeit.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Here show:
Figure 1
2 shows a schematic view of a web-fed rotary printing press with a monitoring device according to the invention for actuating a web catching device,
Figure 2
a timing diagram of the monitoring and reflection beam and
Figure 3
a time diagram of the permitted bandwidth over the machine speed.

Die in Figur 1 durch ein Druckwerk 1 angedeutete Rollenrotationsdruckmaschine dient zum Bedrucken einer Papierbahn 2. In der Regel sind mehrere, hintereinander angeordnete Druckwerke vorgesehen, von denen in Figur 1 lediglich das letzte dargestellt ist. Im Anschluß an das letzte Druckwerk durchläuft die Papierbahn 2 einen Trockner 3.The web-fed rotary printing machine indicated in FIG. 1 by a printing unit 1 is used for printing on a paper web 2. As a rule, a plurality of printing units arranged one behind the other are provided, of which only the last one is shown in FIG. 1. Following the last printing unit, the paper web 2 passes through a dryer 3.

Bei Anordnungen dieser Art besteht die Gefahr, daß sich die Papierbahn 2 im Falle eines Bahnrisses auf einen Druckwerkszylinder 4 aufwickelt, was zu einem Maschinenschaden führen kann. Aus diesem Grunde finden den Druckwerken 1 zugeordnete Bahnfangvorrichtungen 5 Verwendung, die mittels eines zugeordneten Bahnreißschalters 6 aktivierbar sind, wie in Figur 1 durch eine Signalleitung 7 angedeutet ist. In Figur 1 ist eine im Auslaufbereich des letzten Druckwerks 1 angeordnete Bahnfangvorrichtung 5 dargestellt. Der zugeordnete Bahnreißschalter 6 befindet sich im Bereich des Trocknereingangs.In arrangements of this type there is a risk that the paper web 2 will wind up on a printing unit cylinder 4 in the event of a web break, which can lead to machine damage. For this reason, web catching devices 5 assigned to the printing units 1 are used, which can be activated by means of an assigned web break switch 6, as indicated in FIG. 1 by a signal line 7. FIG. 1 shows a web catching device 5 arranged in the outlet area of the last printing unit 1. The assigned web break switch 6 is located in the area of the dryer entrance.

Der Bahnreißschalter 6 enthält einen aus Sender 8 und Empfänger 9 bestehenden Sensor 10, der an eine Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung 11 angeschlossen ist, von der die Signalleitung 7 abgeht. Der als Hochfrequenzgenerator ausgebildete Sender 8 sendet einen auf die Bahn 2 gerichteten Überwachungsstrahl 12 aus, der von der Bahn 2 reflektiert wird. Der dadurch entstehende Reflexionsstrahl 13 wird vom Empfänger 9 aufgenommen. Bei den Strahlen 12, 13 kann es sich um Lichtstrahlen oder vorzugsweise um Ultraschallstrahlen handeln.The web break switch 6 contains a sensor 10 consisting of a transmitter 8 and a receiver 9, which is connected to a signal processing device 11 from which the signal line 7 extends. The transmitter 8, which is designed as a high-frequency generator, emits a monitoring beam 12 which is directed onto the web 2 and is reflected by the web 2. The resulting reflection beam 13 is received by the receiver 9. The beams 12, 13 can be light beams or preferably ultrasound beams.

Zwischen dem Austritt des in Figur 2 mit einer durchgezogenen Linie angedeuteten Überwachungsstrahls 12 aus dem Sender 8 und der entsprechenden Ankunft des in Figur 2 gestrichelt angedeuteten Reflexionsstrahls 13 am Empfänger 9 liegt die in Figur 2 angedeutete Zeitdifferenz Δt. Aus dieser Zeitdifferenz und der Fortpflanzungsgeschwindigkeit, im Falle von Ultraschallstrahlen der Schallgeschwindigkeit, läßt sich der in Figur 1 bei d₁ angedeutete Abstand der Bahn 2 vom Sensor 10 ermitteln.The time difference Δt indicated in FIG. 2 lies between the exit of the monitoring beam 12 indicated by a solid line from the transmitter 8 and the corresponding arrival of the reflection beam 13 indicated by the dashed line in FIG. From this time difference and the propagation speed, in the case of ultrasound beams of the speed of sound, the distance of the web 2 from the sensor 10 indicated in FIG. 1 at d 1 can be determined.

Die dafür maßgebende Formel lautet: Δt 2 . c = d,

Figure imgb0001

wobei
c die Fortpflanzungsgeschwindigkeit, d der Abstand und Δt die Zeitdifferenz sind. In diesem Zusammenhang ist zu berücksichtigen, daß die gegenseitige Neigung der beiden Strahlen 12, 13 in der Praxis wesentlich kleiner als in der vorliegenden, schematischen Darstellung ist.The relevant formula is: Δt 2nd . c = d,
Figure imgb0001

in which
c is the rate of reproduction, d is the distance and Δt is the time difference. In this context, it should be taken into account that the mutual inclination of the two beams 12, 13 is in practice considerably smaller than in the present schematic illustration.

Solange die gemessene Zeitdifferenz Δt und damit der hieraus ermittelte Abstand d innerhalb eines zugelassenen Bereichs liegen, bleibt die Fangvorrichtung 5 passiviert. Sobald der Betrag von Δt bzw. d nicht mehr in einem zugelassenen Bereich liegt, d.h. innerhalb des zugelassenen Bereichs keine Anwesenheit der Bahn 2 festgestellt wird, wird dies als Bahnriß gedeutet. In diesem Falle wird von der an den Sensor 10 angeschlossenen Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung 11 ein Steuerimpuls erzeugt, durch welchen die Bahnfangvorrichtung 5 aktiviert sowie der Maschinenantrieb der Druckmaschine abgeschaltet und diese abgebremst werden.As long as the measured time difference .DELTA.t and thus the distance d determined therefrom lie within an approved range, the safety device 5 remains passivated. As soon as the amount of Δt or d is no longer in an approved range, i.e. no presence of the web 2 is found within the permitted range, this is interpreted as a web break. In this case, a control pulse is generated by the signal processing device 11 connected to the sensor 10, by means of which the web guiding device 5 is activated and the machine drive of the printing press is switched off and braked.

Die erforderliche Rechenoperation wird durch die Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung 11 ausgeführt. Zur Bildung der Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung 11 ist dementsprechend ein als Microprozessor ausgebildeter, programmierbarer Rechner vorgesehen. Dieser ist so programmiert, daß er ab einer bestimmten Geschwindigkeit der Bahn 2 von einem größeren, in Figur 1 bei B angedeuteten Bereich für die zulässige Lage der Bahn 2 und dementsprechend für den Abstand d auf einen in Figur 1 bei b angedeuteten, kleineren Bereich umschaltet. Die aus den Bereichen B bzw. b für die zulässige Lage der Bahn 2 sich ergebenden Bandbreiten für den Abstand d zwischen Bahn 2 und Sensor 10 sind in Figur 3 bei B′ bzw. b′ angedeutet. Gemessen wird, wie schon erwähnt, die Zeitdifferenz, aus der nach obiger Formel der Abstand ermittelt wird. Für die Zeitdifferenz gelten daher dieselben Bandbreiten.The required arithmetic operation is carried out by the signal processing device 11. Accordingly, a programmable computer designed as a microprocessor is provided to form the signal processing device 11. This is programmed so that it switches from a certain speed of the web 2 from a larger area, indicated at B in FIG. 1, for the permissible position of the web 2 and accordingly for the distance d to a smaller area, indicated at b in FIG . The resulting from the areas B and b for the permissible position of the web 2 Bandwidths for the distance d between web 2 and sensor 10 are indicated in Figure 3 at B 'and b'. As already mentioned, the time difference is measured, from which the distance is determined using the above formula. The same bandwidths therefore apply to the time difference.

Die Umschaltung von der größeren Bandbreite auf die kleinere kann, wie in Figur 3 anhand der Stufe S erkennbar ist, bei einer Rollenrotationsdruckmaschine hier vorliegender Art erfolgen, wenn die Bahn 2 etwa 10% ihrer vorgesehenen Endgeschwindigkeit erreicht hat. Der die Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung 11 bildende Rechner ist dementsprechend mit einem Eingang 11a für ein Bahngeschwindigkeitssignal versehen. An diesem Eingang liegt hier eine von einem Geschwindigkeitsfühler 14 kommende Signalleitung 15. Sobald die Maschine und dementsprechend die Bahn 2 die vorgegebene Geschwindigkeit erreichen, erhält der die Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung 11 bildende Rechner über die Signalleitung 15 einen Impuls, der die erwähnte Umstellung von B auf b auslöst.Switching from the larger band width to the smaller band can, as can be seen in FIG. 3 from step S, take place in a web-fed rotary printing press of the present type when the web 2 has reached approximately 10% of its intended final speed. The computer forming the signal processing device 11 is accordingly provided with an input 11a for a web speed signal. At this input there is a signal line 15 coming from a speed sensor 14. As soon as the machine and, accordingly, the web 2 reach the predetermined speed, the computer forming the signal processing device 11 receives a pulse via the signal line 15, which triggers the aforementioned switch from B to b .

Hierdurch ist sichergestellt, daß, wie in Figur 3 angedeutet ist, unterhalb einer vorgegebenen Bahngeschwindigkeit v₁, hier in Form von 10% der Endgeschwindigkeit, eine große Bandbreite B′ für den Abstand d wirksam ist, innerhalb welcher die Bahn 2 flattern kann, ohne daß dies zu einer Aktivierung der Fangvorrichtung 5 führt. Diese große Bandbreite B′ ist hier größer als die beim Einzug der Bahn 2 bzw. beim Anfahren der Maschine zu erwartenden Ausschläge der Bahn 2. Ab der vorgesehenen Geschwindigkeit v₁ ist die kleinere Bandbreite b′ wirksam, innerhalb der die Bahn 2 bei höheren Bahngeschwindigkeiten flattern kann. In diesem Zusammenhang ist davon auszugehen, daß bei einer Rollenrotationsdruckmaschine hier vorliegender Art die Bahn 2 bei hohen Geschwindigkeiten ruhiger läuft als im unteren Geschwindigkeitsbereich. Infolge der verkleinerten Bandbreite b′ im oberen Geschwindigkeitsbereich ergibt sich jedoch eine kurze Totzeit zwischen dem Auftreten eines Bahnrisses und dem Ansprechen der Fangvorrichtung 5.This ensures that, as indicated in Figure 3, below a predetermined web speed v₁, here in the form of 10% of the final speed, a large bandwidth B 'is effective for the distance d within which the web 2 can flutter without this leads to an activation of the safety device 5. This large bandwidth B 'is larger than the expected deflections of the web 2 when the web 2 is pulled in or when the machine starts up. From the intended speed v 1, the smaller bandwidth b' is effective, within which the web 2 at higher web speeds can flutter. In this context, it can be assumed that in the case of a web-fed rotary printing press of the present type, web 2 runs more smoothly at high speeds than in the lower speed range. Due to the reduced bandwidth b 'in the upper speed range, however, there is a short dead time between the occurrence of a web break and the response of the safety device 5.

Die Montage des Sensors 10 erfolgt so, daß die theoretische Transportebene der Bahn 2 etwa in der Mitte der größeren Bandbreite B′ liegt. Durch Montageungenauigkeiten können sich jedoch Abweichungen ergeben, was im Bereich der größeren Bandbreite B jedoch keine nennenswerte Rolle spielt, wie in Figur 3 durch die zu der durch eine strichpunktierte Linie angedeuteten Bahnebene unsymmetrische Lage der größeren Bandbreite B′ angedeutet ist. Im Bereich der kleineren Bandbreite b′ werden diese Ungenauigkeiten ausgeschlossen. Hierzu ist der die Signalverarbeitungseinrichtung 11 bildende Rechner so programmiert, daß er den beim Empfang des obenerwähnten Geschwindigkeitssignals gemessenen Abstand d₁ zwischen Bahn 2 und Sensor 10 als Mitte der kleineren Bandbreite b′ nimmt, so daß diese, wie aus Figur 3 ersichtlich ist, symmetrisch zu der durch eine strichpunktierte Linie angedeuteten Bahnebene liegt. Hierbei findet dementsprechend eine von der Sensormontage unabhängige Selbstjustage statt. Dasselbe gilt für den Fall, daß in der Maschine für den Weg der Bahn 2 mehrere Möglichkeiten bestehen, wie das beispielsweise in Falzapparaten vielfach der Fall ist. Auch in Fällen dieser Art justiert sich der Sensor 10 selbst auf den jeweils gewählten Weg der Bahn 2 ein.The assembly of the sensor 10 is carried out so that the theoretical transport plane of the web 2 is approximately in the middle of the larger bandwidth B '. Due to assembly inaccuracies, however, there may be deviations, which, however, does not play any significant role in the area of the larger bandwidth B, as is indicated in FIG. 3 by the asymmetrical position of the larger bandwidth B ′ relative to the plane of the path indicated by a dash-dotted line. In the area of the smaller bandwidth b 'these inaccuracies are excluded. For this purpose, the computer forming the signal processing device 11 is programmed so that it takes the distance d 1 measured between the path 2 and sensor 10 when the above-mentioned speed signal is received as the center of the smaller bandwidth b ', so that this, as can be seen from FIG. 3, increases symmetrically the path level indicated by a dash-dotted line. Accordingly, self-adjustment takes place independently of the sensor assembly. The same applies in the event that there are several possibilities in the machine for the path of web 2, as is often the case in folders, for example. Even in cases of this type, the sensor 10 adjusts itself to the path of the path 2 chosen in each case.

Claims (9)

  1. A method of monitoring a web in a machine processing such web and more particularly in a printing press, in the case of which a monitoring beam is directed onto the web and the reflected beam is received and in the case of which the distance between the emission of the monitoring beam and the reception of the reflected beam is measured and in the case of a distance exceeding a predetermined band width a control pulse is produced, characterized in that the band width, which is to be exceeded for a control pulse to be produced, is dependent on the web speed.
  2. The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the band width, which is to be exceeded for a control pulse to be produced, is reduced with an increase in the band speed.
  3. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the band width, which is to be exceeded for a control pulse to be produced, is changed in a stepped manner and preferably in the form of one step.
  4. The method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the band width, which is to be exceeded for a control pulse to be produced, is reduced on exceeding a predetermined band speed which is preferably 10 % of the final speed.
  5. The method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (d) measured on the transition from the greater band width (B) to the smaller band width (b) between the web (2) and the sensor (10) is stored and is utilized as a mean value for the smaller band width (b).
  6. An apparatus for the performance of the method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims comprising at least one sensor (10) arranged adjacent to the path of the web (2) and which possesses a transmitter (8) for a monitoring beam (12) directed onto the web (2) and a receiver (9) for a reflected beam (13) coming from the web (2) and which is connected with a signal processing device (11), by means of which the distance between the transmission of the monitoring beam (12) and the reception of the reflected beam (13) is able to be measured and in the case of a distance in excess of a predetermined band width being present a control pulse is produced, characterized in that the signal processing device (11) is designed in the form of a computer provided with one input for the web speed signal and being so programmed that prior to the arrival of the speed signal another band width (B) is set which is preferably greater than after the arrival of the speed signal.
  7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the computer constituting the signal processing device (11) is so programmed that at least the distance, present on arrival of the speed signal between the web (2) and the sensor (10) is measured and this distance is set as the mid point of the smaller band width (b) able to be set after the arrival of the speed signal.
  8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6 or in claim 7, characterized in that each sensor (10) possesses an ultrasonic transmitter (8) and an ultrasonic receiver (9).
  9. The apparatus as claimed in any one of the claims 6 through 8, characterized in that by means of the signal processing device (11) the machine drive is able to be turned off and/or a web catching device (5) and/or web severing device is able to be put into operation.
EP92103206A 1991-03-05 1992-02-26 Method of and device for controlling webs Expired - Lifetime EP0502408B1 (en)

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DE4106901A DE4106901C2 (en) 1991-03-05 1991-03-05 Method and device for monitoring a web
DE4106901 1991-03-05

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EP0502408B1 true EP0502408B1 (en) 1994-08-10

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FR2746705A1 (en) * 1996-03-27 1997-10-03 Heidelberg Harris Sa Contactless measurement device for shifts of continuous sheet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59200353D1 (en) 1994-09-15
DE4106901A1 (en) 1992-09-10
DE4106901C2 (en) 1994-05-26
EP0502408A1 (en) 1992-09-09
US5378918A (en) 1995-01-03

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