EP0494888B1 - Gasbrenner - Google Patents

Gasbrenner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0494888B1
EP0494888B1 EP90914074A EP90914074A EP0494888B1 EP 0494888 B1 EP0494888 B1 EP 0494888B1 EP 90914074 A EP90914074 A EP 90914074A EP 90914074 A EP90914074 A EP 90914074A EP 0494888 B1 EP0494888 B1 EP 0494888B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
wall
flame
air
curtain
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90914074A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0494888A1 (de
Inventor
Michael Cafferty
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bray Burners Ltd
Original Assignee
Bray Burners Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bray Burners Ltd filed Critical Bray Burners Ltd
Publication of EP0494888A1 publication Critical patent/EP0494888A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0494888B1 publication Critical patent/EP0494888B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/06—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with radial outlets at the burner head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/10—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
    • F23D14/105—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head with injector axis parallel to the burner head axis

Definitions

  • This invention relates to gas burners and has as an object to reduce the levels of toxic emissions which are produced as a result of the combustion in conventional gas burners.
  • the by-products of gas combustion include a number of toxic compounds such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.
  • This value can be reduced by increasing the amount of air intimately mixed with the fuel gas before ignition .
  • This air normally called primary air
  • T.A.R. Theoretical Air Requirement
  • Alternative ways of incorporating additional primary air into the system comprise automatically entraining air into the system as a result of the fuel being injected into the burner. This is known as primary aeration and conventional burners operating in this way can achieve primary aeration levels of between 40 and 80% of T.A.R.
  • the balance of air required to complete the combustion reaction diffuses into the flame after ignition and is called secondary air.
  • the process of primary aeration can conveniently be subdivided into first and second stages, the first stage representing the aeration which takes place prior to the gas/ fuel mixture leaving one or more primary outlet ports and the second stage representing the aeration that occurs following emissions of the gas/fuel mixture from the outlets prior to ignition.
  • British Patent No. 173,593 dated 30th September 1921 discloses a bunsen burner wherein, adjacent a fuel/oil outlet in a burner body, there is provided a flame spreading baffle.
  • This burner is designed to operate so that the flame of the burner is established at the outlet (see page 3, line 43) and is spread by the baffle into a thin film of flame to absorb atmospheric secondary air (see page 3 lines 18-21).
  • the present invention is concerned with modern burner bodies and their operation and also seeks to add secondary air to the flame to enhance combustion and reduce the emission of toxic compounds, but achieves the addition of the secondary air by a different method of burner operation.
  • the present invention provides a means of increasing the amount of air entering the gas fuel mixture before ignition such that perceived or total primary aeration levels up to and greater than 100% can be achieved.
  • a method of operating a gas burner of the type having a burner body, aperture means in the body from which an elongated fuel/air mixture curtain can be caused to issue and a wall means disposed to lie to one side of said fuel/air curtain and providing a means on which the burner flame can be established, characterised by the steps of causing the curtain to issue from said aperture means to travel adjacent said wall and at a velocity greater than the burning velocity of the flame to establish the flame at a location spaced from said aperture means enabling secondary air to be induced into the curtain between said aperture means and the flame.
  • the fuel aperture means comprises at least a single row on at least one side of the wall.
  • the provision of a wall facilitates laminar flow of the gas/air mixture and the intake of the extra air.
  • the burner may be such that the flame is established along the top edge of said wall; the provision of said wall in fact stabilizes the flame burning on the upper edge thereof.
  • the extra air is induced into the gas fuel mixture progressively as the gas fuel mix passes up the wall.
  • the invention creates conditions at the flame front such that substantive reduction in the levels of nitrogen oxides are evident in the combustion products.
  • bar burners may be provided with walls on at least one side of the outlet ports and ring burners may be provided with concentric walls on at least one side of the outlet ports.
  • the invention therefore also has advantages economically in that it provides a means of adapting existing burners with the minimum amount of modification such that they can function within the same apparatus more effectively and desirably.
  • the invention also provides a burner for operation as aforesaid.
  • Fig. 1 shows a burner which comprises two symmetrical metal plates, one of which is shown in Fig. 1 and illustrated by reference numeral 2.
  • the said plates are spaced in opposed relationship and sealed about their adjoining perimeters 4 along sides 1A, 1B and 1C by overlapping the edges relating thereto.
  • Each of the plates is pressed in like manner hence it will be apparent that the features illustrated in Fig. 1 on side 2 of the burner are also present on the opposing plate (not shown).
  • Plate 2 is fashioned such that a fuel injection port 6 is located towards the lower front edge of the burner and is of a generally circular section. Injection port 6 leads to a U-shaped path 6A which leads to the upper surface of the burner.
  • the upper surface of the burner is sealed by means of a plate 12 which contains a plurality of outlet ports 10 arranged in a plurality of longitudinal rows wherein the spacing between individual ports is fixed within but not between rows which provides a means of effectively combusting the fuel supply.
  • a supply of fuel mixture is injected through the fuel injection port 6 and travels, in a sinusoidal direction along injection path 6A ultimately issuing through the outlet ports 10 provided in plate 12 where combustion occurs.
  • the first stage of primary aeration occurs during the injection of the fuel mixture into injection port 6 as air is induced into the mixture at port 6.
  • FIG. 2 shows the burner illustrated in Fig. 1 which has been adapted in accordance with the invention. It can be seen that plate 12 is provided with an elongate central wall 14. Moreover, the outlet ports 10 are arranged in two parallel rows located on either side of wall 14.
  • Wall 14 is preferably between 6-15mm in height and ports 10 are located preferably no more than 2.5mm away from the base of wall 14. These parameters represent optimum construction conditions for the efficient functioning of the burner having regard to the typical sizes of the burners to which the invention mainly relates.
  • the ports 10 must be sufficiently close to wall 14 to enable the fuel mixture issuing therefrom to travel up the wall.
  • the velocity of the fuel mixture issuing from ports 10 must be greater than the burning velocity of the flame as desireably the flame, as shown at F in Fig. 3 should be established on the top edge of the wall 14. If this is not achieved the fuel mixture will ignite on theports 10 and so augmentation at the second stage as the fuel travels up the wall, prior to ignition will not be possible.
  • those skilled in the art will appreciate that, if the velocity of the fuel mixture significantly exceeds that of the burning velocity of the flame the fuel mixture will not ignite.
  • the spacing between individual ports will be determined by the size of same, for example, in Fig. 2 and indeed in any embodiment the ports 10 are preferably 1mm in diameter and the spacing between adjacent port centres is 2.5mm.
  • Port size and spacing are important parameters to consider when adapting a burner to function in accordance with the invention as if the ports are too widely spaced the flame will be unstable and if the ports are too closely spaced mutual stability will enable the fuel mixture to burn on the ports and so again augmentation of the primary air fuel mixture at the second stage will not be possible.
  • a supply of fuel mixture is injected through the fuel injection port 6 and travels in a sinusoidal direction in the burner body, ultimately issuing through the primary outlet ports 10 provided in plate 12 and upwardly along wall 14.
  • the first stage of primary aeration occurs during the injection of the fuel mixture into port 6 in that air is drawn in the mixture at port 6 and the second stage of primary aeration occurs after the gas fuel mixture issues from the ports 10 as it travels up wall 14.
  • a gas fuel mixture issues out of ports 10 located on either side of the wall 14 and forms a fuel/air curtain 13 which passes upwardly along wall 14 prior to ignition on the uppermost surface edge of same.
  • wall 14 which in turn provides for an increase in the degree of fuel aeration, optimises the combustion conditions and so reduces the level of toxic emissions.
  • Fig. 4 shows a single bar burner which is provided on its uppermost surfaces 12 with a wall 14 and outlet ports 10 arranged on either side of same and parallel thereto.
  • FIG. 5 shows a burner arranged to provide a horizontal curtain of fuel/air mixture when provided with a wall 14 and ports 10.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate a body burner having rows of circumferential ports 10 located on either side of rows of circumferential walls 14. When viewed in perspective, as seen in Fig. 7, it can be seen that ports 10 and walls 14 extend about only the upper fraction of the circumference of the burner and so combustion is confined to the upper surfaces of same.
  • Fig. 8 shows a conventional ring burner which has been adapted in accordance with the invention such that a wall 14 is provided adjacent outlet ports 10.
  • Fig. 9 shows a bar burner which has been adapted in accordance with the invention and which has also been provided with a second wall 14A which is located opposite and parallel to wall 14.
  • supplementary outlet ports 10A which augment the fuel supply at the site of combustion.
  • the number of supplementary ports 10A is far less than the number of outlet ports 10.
  • the provision of ports 10A enables the fuel/air mixture to be controlled and thus the total amount of primary aeration, as a result of augmentation at the first and second stage, may be adjusted by the supply of supplementary fuel in order to enhance flame stability. This arrangement may be used in any embodiment of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)

Claims (1)

  1. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Gasbrenners, dessen Bauart folgende Merkmale aufweist:
    - einen Brennerkörper,
    - Öffnungen im Brennerkörper, aus denen ein länglicher Brenngas-Luftmischungs-Vorhang zum Ausströmen gebracht werden kann
    - eine Wand, die so angebracht ist, daß sie auf einer Seite des Brenngas/Luftmischungs-Vorhangs liegt und ein Mittel bildet, auf dem die Brennerflammer ausgebildet werden kann
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vorhang aus dem Brenngas-Luftgemisch dazu gebracht wird,
    - aus den Öffnungen auszuströmen und in die Nähe der Wand zu wandern, und
    - mit einer Geschwindigkeit, die größer als die Verbrennungsgeschwindigkeit der Flamme ist, die Flamme an einer Stelle auszubilden, welche von den Öffnungen entfernt liegt, damit Sekundärluft zwischen den Öffnungen und der Flamme in den Vorhang eingeleitet wird.
EP90914074A 1989-09-30 1990-09-28 Gasbrenner Expired - Lifetime EP0494888B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB898922086A GB8922086D0 (en) 1989-09-30 1989-09-30 Improvements relating to gas burners
GB8922086 1989-09-30
PCT/GB1990/001485 WO1991005206A1 (en) 1989-09-30 1990-09-28 Gas burners

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0494888A1 EP0494888A1 (de) 1992-07-22
EP0494888B1 true EP0494888B1 (de) 1995-07-12

Family

ID=10663865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90914074A Expired - Lifetime EP0494888B1 (de) 1989-09-30 1990-09-28 Gasbrenner

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0494888B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE125028T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69020901T2 (de)
GB (1) GB8922086D0 (de)
WO (1) WO1991005206A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL9301980A (nl) * 1993-09-28 1995-04-18 Ingbureaup I Product Innovatie Werkwijze en inrichting voor het verbranden van gas.
GB9400007D0 (en) * 1994-01-04 1994-03-02 Bray Technologies Plc Improvements relating to gas burners
IT1310175B1 (it) * 1999-02-18 2002-02-11 Worgas Bruciatori Srl Bruciatore perfezionato

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB173593A (en) * 1920-09-30 1921-12-30 Bowden Wire Ltd Improvements in or relating to bunsen burners
US1691607A (en) * 1926-04-02 1928-11-13 Cleveland Gas Burner & Applian Gas burner
FR1531286A (fr) * 1966-09-07 1968-06-28 Gas Council Perfectionnements apportés aux brûleurs à gaz
FR2102398A5 (de) * 1970-04-30 1972-04-07 Gaz De France

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8922086D0 (en) 1989-11-15
ATE125028T1 (de) 1995-07-15
DE69020901T2 (de) 1995-12-07
DE69020901D1 (de) 1995-08-17
WO1991005206A1 (en) 1991-04-18
EP0494888A1 (de) 1992-07-22

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