EP0490252B1 - Ignition device for propellant charge; cartridge and magazine for adiabatically ignitable cartridges, especially for nailing tools - Google Patents

Ignition device for propellant charge; cartridge and magazine for adiabatically ignitable cartridges, especially for nailing tools Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0490252B1
EP0490252B1 EP91120831A EP91120831A EP0490252B1 EP 0490252 B1 EP0490252 B1 EP 0490252B1 EP 91120831 A EP91120831 A EP 91120831A EP 91120831 A EP91120831 A EP 91120831A EP 0490252 B1 EP0490252 B1 EP 0490252B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magazine
plate
cavity
cartridge
small initiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91120831A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0490252A3 (en
EP0490252A2 (en
Inventor
Uwe Brede
Alfred Hörr
Hans Jena
Bodo Preis
Wolfgang Spranger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG, Hilti AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Publication of EP0490252A2 publication Critical patent/EP0490252A2/en
Publication of EP0490252A3 publication Critical patent/EP0490252A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0490252B1 publication Critical patent/EP0490252B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/08—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure
    • B25C1/10—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge
    • B25C1/16—Cartridges specially adapted for impact tools; Cartridge and bolts units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/08—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure
    • B25C1/10—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge
    • B25C1/14—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge acting on an intermediate plunger or anvil
    • B25C1/146—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge acting on an intermediate plunger or anvil operated by a hammer blow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/55—Fluid-operated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/56—Ignition of the propellant charge by contact with air heated by adiabatic compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B39/00—Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bags
    • F42B39/08—Cartridge belts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S102/00—Ammunition and explosives
    • Y10S102/702—Compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for igniting a propellant charge, in particular for nail guns or setting tools, with a housing in which a cavity is formed, a piston guided displaceably in the cavity for compressing gas (air) in the cavity and one with the cavity via an opening connected chamber in which a propellant charge is arranged, which can be ignited by compression of gas when the piston is displaced.
  • Propellant charges can be ignited electrically or by mechanical or thermal action.
  • a firing pin strikes the sleeve body containing the propellant charge, in which the ignition charge upstream of the propellant charge is heated and ignited by the particles rubbing against each other.
  • the disadvantage of firing a propellant charge with a firing pin is the erosive load and contamination of the barrel due to the friction agents present in the primer charge.
  • Advantages here are adiabatic ignition, in which the propellant charge is ignited by an ignition charge, which in turn is initiated by heat generated as a result of adiabatic compression of air or gas.
  • a device for the adiabatic ignition of a propellant charge is known from DE-A-21 03 253.
  • the known device has a housing in which a (cylindrical) cavity is formed.
  • a spring-loaded piston for compressing the gas located in the cavity is arranged in the cavity.
  • An axial extension of the cavity is followed by a barrel, in whose end section facing the cavity (cartridge chamber) a sleeve-free projectile is arranged with a chamber open to the cavity for receiving the propellant charge.
  • the cross-sectional area of the cartridge chamber is relatively large compared to the cross-sectional area of the cavity. The force that acts on the piston located at its bottom dead center when the propellant is burned is thus relatively large. Because of this force, the piston is moved back against the spring, so that the gas generation when the propellant charge is ignited is only insufficiently converted into a forward movement of the projectile.
  • a launcher for projectiles, bolts or the like is known in which the propellant charge is ignited by adiabatic compression.
  • the cavity for the compression of the air is connected to the chamber for receiving the propellant charge via an axial channel to which a spring-loaded valve body is assigned on its chamber-side end.
  • This valve body is axially displaceable backwards in the chamber under the pressure of the propellant gases and closes the channel in order to prevent the propellant gases from flowing out to the rear.
  • a magazine tape for ignitable cartridges for nail guns or setting tools which connects the cartridges to one another and forms their bottom walls, the magazine tape in the area of Bottom walls of the cartridges have at least one predetermined breaking point similar to a hole.
  • the magazine tape is made of a fabric tape made of nitrocellulose or gun cotton and is therefore fully combustible.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for igniting a propellant charge of the type mentioned, in particular for nail guns or setting tools, in which evasion of the gas pressure when the propellant charge is ignited in the cavity is largely prevented by simple means.
  • the invention proposes that the opening connecting the cavity and the chamber is designed as a nozzle with a cross-sectional area many times smaller than that of the cavity, the piston or the chamber, and that the nozzle is provided by an ignition plate arranged in the chamber is covered for the propellant charge, the thickness of the ignition plate in the area of the nozzle and around it being less than in the rest of the area of the ignition plate.
  • a nozzle with an extremely small cross-sectional area compared to the cavity or chamber cross-sectional area between the cavity and the chamber for the propellant charge Because of this extremely small cross-sectional area, the chamber on its wall provided with the nozzle can be regarded as practically closed; the gas when the propellant is burned can therefore only escape to a very small extent into the cavity. Due to its small cross-sectional area, the nozzle acts like a throttle backflow of (combustion) gases into the cavity is virtually prevented.
  • the cross section of the nozzle is in any case considerably smaller than that of the at least one outflow opening, through which the combustion gases are to emerge when the propellant charge is ignited, in order, for example, to advance the thrust piston in a nail gun or setting tool.
  • the nozzle opening is covered by an ignition plate arranged in the chamber, the thickness of which is less in the area of the nozzle opening than in the rest of the area.
  • the ignition plate preferably consists of a sensitized ignition material, in particular sensitized nitrocellulose.
  • the ignition plate is thinner, particularly in its mechanically thermally stressed area, namely in the area of the nozzle opening and around it, so it responds more in the mechanically thermally stressed area. In this area of low thickness, the ignition plate is fragmented when the (hot) compressed gas is pressurized. When the ignition plate breaks, an increase in the surface area of the ignition material is associated, so that lower gas temperatures and lower compression pressures are sufficient for ignition.
  • the cartridges can also be reliably ignited adiabatically in devices with small compression volumes, i.e. in devices with relatively small piston diameters and comparatively short compression strokes.
  • the adiabatic ignition device for propellant charges according to the invention is characterized by a nozzle or throttle with an extremely small cross-section and the connection of the propellant charge to the nozzle via the specially designed ignition plate with a reduced thickness in the region of the nozzle.
  • the igniter plate preferably extends over the entire cross-sectional area of the chamber, so that in addition to the area of reduced thickness there is also an area in terms of area and volume in which the igniter plate has a greater thickness.
  • the ignition plate advantageously has a thickness of 1/3 to 1/2 mm in its thinned area.
  • the thickness of the igniter plate in the area of the nozzle and around it is about 1/6 to 1/2 of the maximum thickness of the igniter plate.
  • the ignition plate is preferably provided on one side with a flat surface with which it rests on the wall provided with the nozzle and separating the chamber and the cavity, the surface on the side of the ignition plate facing away from the cavity having a preferably central recess and with the propellant charge is in contact.
  • the reduced thickness of the ignition plate is advantageously achieved by recesses on both sides, preferably equally deep and central. In the case of an ignition plate designed in this way, it no longer matters how it is inserted into the chamber or into a cartridge sleeve.
  • the ignition plate is frictionless.
  • friction material in the form of glass powder or the like is added to the ignition material of the propellant charge.
  • the friction agent is released and flung away, causing signs of erosion and contamination in the barrel area near the chamber.
  • the ignition plate of the device according to the invention can also be ignited due to its special configuration described above without friction.
  • the igniter plate has a 6 times lower sensitivity to rubbing and an approximately 5 times lower sensitivity to impact than conventional ones with a friction agent provided ignition plates. This is particularly advantageous when used in nail guns or setting tools and the associated rough handling on construction sites.
  • the ignition plate preferably consists of a material based on nitrate cellulose, to which tetrazene has been added as a sensitizer.
  • the ignition plate is burned with low levels of pollutants, since the ignition plate has no heavy metals.
  • a sleeve body containing the propellant charge is arranged in the chamber, which has a bore aligned with the nozzle in its bottom wall, the igniter plate being arranged in the sleeve body between the propellant charge and the bottom wall.
  • the ignition plate is preferably held pressed against the bottom wall by an annular bead of the sleeve body.
  • the sleeve body is advantageously made of plastic. The device according to the invention is therefore suitable for igniting plastic cartridges by means of adiabatic compression of air or gas.
  • the cavity and the piston each have a cylindrical cross-sectional area, the nozzle being arranged in the end wall of the cylindrical cavity.
  • the end wall of the cavity provided with the nozzle preferably has a conical recess, the cone axis coinciding with the central axis of the cylindrical cavity and the central axis of the nozzle.
  • the end face of the piston facing this is complementary to Cone recess formed, so is itself conical.
  • the piston which is preferably biased by a spring, is immersed with its front end in the recess, the conical surface resting on the surface of the recess.
  • the piston is preferably provided at its front end with a pin which is immersed in the nozzle opening at the bottom dead center of the piston. As a result, the gas or air is also compressed in the nozzle duct, which represents a dead space in terms of compression.
  • the invention provides a device for igniting a propellant charge as a result of adiabatic compression of air or gas in a cavity, in which the igniter plate igniting the propellant charge is ignited without contact.
  • the nozzle which acts as a throttle when the propellant charge explodes and connects the cavity to the chamber has a diameter which is in the range of a few millimeters, while the diameter of the cavity is larger by at least a factor of 10.
  • the invention further relates to a cartridge, in particular for nail guns or setting tools, with a sleeve body which has a closed bottom wall, a propellant charge introduced into the sleeve body and a cover for the propellant charge on the side facing away from the bottom wall.
  • the invention According cartridge is characterized in that a bore is formed in the bottom wall of the sleeve body, which is covered by an arranged in the sleeve body by heat ignitable due to gas compression igniter plate, the thickness in the area of the bore and around this is less than in the rest of the area of the ignition plate, the thickness of the ignition plate in the diluted range being 1/2 to 1/6 of the other thickness of the ignition plate.
  • the invention further relates to a magazine for cartridges ignitable by heat due to gas compression, in particular for nail guns or setting tools.
  • This magazine has a magazine band made of plastic, which connects the cartridges to one another and forms their bottom walls, the magazine having at least one predetermined breaking point per cartridge in the area of the bottom walls of the cartridges and an ignition plate being provided per cartridge, which is on the magazine band in the area of the bottom wall the cartridge is arranged, and the ignition plate in the area of the predetermined breaking point is thinner than in the rest of the area, the thickness in the diluted area preferably being 1/2 to 1/6 of the maximum thickness of the ignition plate.
  • Each of these predetermined breaking points is preferably designed as a through-hole made in the magazine band, which is covered with a thin plastic film.
  • the predetermined breaking point can, however, also be designed as a (pocket) bore, the depth of which is slightly less than the thickness of the magazine band, see above that the bore is closed by a "plastic skin" integral with the magazine belt.
  • the closure of the cartridges by the predetermined breaking points is advantageous with regard to the handling and storage of the magazine.
  • Each cartridge is preferably provided with a cap-like sleeve body which is held on the magazine band and has a further predetermined breaking point.
  • the propellant charge is introduced into the sleeve body and, when ignited, causes the sleeve body to burst open at its predetermined breaking point, so that the combustion gases are released.
  • the sleeve body is preferably connected in one piece to the magazine band.
  • An alternative to this is that the sleeve bodies are connected to the magazine band in a latching manner.
  • the latching connection has particular advantages in terms of production technology, since the magazine band, after the sleeve bodies have been filled with the propellant charges, can simply be pushed onto the sleeve bodies.
  • the sleeve body is advantageously made of plastic.
  • closed, upstanding collar edges are formed on the magazine belt, which are provided on their inner surfaces with latching circumferential grooves (or circumferential elevations) which interact with latching lugs (latching depressions) which are formed on the outer surfaces of the sleeve body.
  • latching circumferential grooves or circumferential elevations
  • latching lugs latching depressions
  • a bolt gun 10 is shown in longitudinal section, which has a cylindrical housing portion 12 which defines a cylindrical cavity 14.
  • a piston 16 which is slidably arranged and seals gas-tight with the inner surface of the cylindrical housing section 12.
  • a helical compression spring 20 is arranged, which moves the piston 16 in the direction of the lower end 22 of the cylindrical housing section 12 is advanced.
  • the front end 24 of the piston 16 which faces the lower end 22 of the cylindrical housing section 16 is conical, a thin pin 26 protruding from the cone tip.
  • the cylindrical housing section 2 has an external thread 28, via which the cylindrical housing section 12 is screwed into the sleeve part 30.
  • the sleeve part has a through bore 32 which is smaller in diameter in its section provided with an internal thread for receiving the external thread 28 than in the rest of the region.
  • Inserted into the sleeve part 30 is a fitting piece 34 which bears against the end face of the lower end 22 of the cylindrical housing section 12. In this area, the fitting 34 is provided with a sealing ring 36 for gas-tight sealing of the fitting 34 with respect to the cylindrical housing section 12.
  • a conical funnel-shaped recess 38 On the side of the fitting piece 34 which delimits the cavity 14 at the bottom, it is provided with a conical funnel-shaped recess 38, the shape of which is adapted to the conical front end 24 of the piston 16. At its bottom dead center, the piston 16 is positively immersed in the recess 38 with its front end 24.
  • a cylindrical chamber 40 On its side facing away from the cavity 14, a cylindrical chamber 40, which is arranged coaxially to the cavity 14 and is connected to the recess 38 via a bore 42, is machined into the adapter 34. A cartridge is accommodated in the chamber 40, which will be described in more detail later with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the through bore 32 of the Sleeve part 30 is provided with an internal thread, into which an external thread 44 of a barrel 46 engages.
  • a thrust piston 48 is guided in a longitudinally displaceable manner, the end remote from the sleeve part 30 is guided in a guide sleeve 50 which is screwed to the barrel 46.
  • a nail or bolt 52 can be inserted into the guide sleeve 50 and is shot out of the sleeve 50 when the thrust piston 48 moves forward.
  • An insert 54 is inserted into the end of the barrel 46 facing the fitting 34 and abuts against it, which seals tightly with the fitting 34 by means of a sealing ring 55 and in which a plurality of outflow channels 56 are formed which enclose the chamber 40 with that of the barrel 46 Connect space.
  • the push piston 48 has a circumferential groove in which a spring ring 58 made of steel or the like is inserted, which rests on the inner surface of the barrel 46 and secures the push piston 48 against sliding out due to its weight force from the barrel 46.
  • a cartridge 60 is inserted in the chamber 40 of the fitting 34, which has a sleeve body 62 made of plastic. At its front end adjacent to the bore 42 is the bottom wall 64 of the sleeve body 62, in which there is a central bore 66 aligned with the bore 42 of the fitting 34. Coaxial to the bore 66, the outer surface of the bottom wall 64 is provided with an integrally formed crimp ring 65 which bears against the inner surface 67 of the wall separating the chamber 40 from the cavity 14 and has a sealing function.
  • an ignition plate 70 made of sensitized nitrocellulose, which in addition to nitrocellulose also contains tetrazene and extends over the entire inner cross section of the sleeve body 62.
  • the ignition plate 70 covers the bore 66; in this area the ignition plate 70 has a smaller thickness than in the edge area. While in the figures 1 and 2, the thickness of the ignition plate 70 in the edge region thereof is 1 to 2 mm, the ignition plate 70 has a thickness of 1/2 to 1/3 mm in its central region covering the bore 66.
  • a truncated cone-like depression 72 is worked into the latter.
  • a holding sleeve 74 made of plastic which is provided on its upper end face with an annular inner bead 75 which bears on the ignition plate 70 in its thickened edge region and which holds the ignition plate 70 against the bottom wall 64.
  • the sleeve body 62 is filled with propellant powder 76.
  • the compression spring 20 is tensioned by moving the piston 16 in the direction of the upper end 18 of the cylindrical housing section 12 by hand or automatically.
  • the aids required for this are not shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of simplicity.
  • the piston 16 is loosened this due to the force of the compression spring 20 towards the lower end 22 of the cylindrical housing section 12, whereby it adiabatically compresses the air in the cavity 14, which can enter the cavity via the ventilation openings 78.
  • the compressed heated air (800 to 1000 ° C.) reaches the ignition plate 70 via the bores 42, 66 acting as a nozzle.
  • the ignition plate 70 In the area in which the compressed heated air acts on the ignition plate 70, it has only a small thickness. Because of the small mass in this area, the ignition plate 70 partially heats up to above the auto-ignition temperature. The ignition of the ignition plate 70 initiated in the mechanically and thermally stressed central region is transferred to the thickened edge region, so that an ignition flame is formed, the energy of which is sufficient to ignite the propellant charge 76. While the spring force at the bottom dead center of the piston 16 primarily affects the air flow speed in the cavity 14 or in the bores 42, 66 forming the nozzle, the speed with which the piston 16 moves towards the chamber 40 has first Line effects on air temperature.
  • the bores 42 and 66 have a small diameter has an advantageous effect on the flow of the combustion gases when the propellant charge is ignited 76 out. At this moment, the bores 42 and 66 act as a throttle, which makes it difficult for the combustion gases to flow back into the cavity. Since the total flow channels 56 have a substantially larger cross-sectional area than the bore 66 or 42, the combustion gases flow out for the most part via the flow channels 56; almost the entire combustion gas pressure is converted into a forward movement of the feed piston 48.
  • the magazine for the cartridges 80 which can be used in a bolt-driving tool will be described briefly below with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the magazine for the cartridges 80 consists of a plastic magazine band 82, on one surface of which cap-like cartridge sleeve bodies 84 made of plastic are arranged.
  • the magazine band 82 is provided on one side with closed upstanding edges 86 which are connected in one piece to the magazine band 82 and project from one side in the manner of a collar.
  • the collar edges 86 and the magazine band 82 are injection molded as one part from plastic.
  • the magazine band 82 has an annular recess 87, in which ignition plates 88 are inserted.
  • the ignition plates 88 have the same shape as the ignition plate 70 shown in FIG. 2.
  • the ignition plates 88 are provided on both sides with frustoconical recesses 89.
  • each collar edge 86 On the inside of each collar edge 86, a plurality of locking recesses 90 are formed, into which corresponding circumferential locking projections 92 engage on the outer surface of the cap-shaped sleeve body 84.
  • the sleeve body 84 snaps into the recesses 90 via its projections 92.
  • the design of the locking recess and peripheral locking projection is such that pulling off the sleeve body 84 is almost impossible.
  • the sleeve body 84 On its inner surface, the sleeve body 84 is provided with an annular bead 85 which, when the sleeve body 84 is stretched out on the magazine band 82, bears against the igniter plate 70 in its thickened edge region and thereby holds the igniter plate pressed against the magazine band 82.
  • the sleeve body 84 can have predetermined breaking points on its front inner surface facing the ignition plate 88, which can be injection molded or stamped on, for example. At these predetermined breaking points, the sleeve body 84 bursts when the propellant charge 94 arranged in the sleeve body 84 ignites.
  • the assembly of the magazine is done as follows. First, the sleeve bodies 84 are filled with the propellant charges 94. Then the ignition plates 88 are placed on the sleeve body 84 like covers. The annular beads 85 are at such a distance arranged from the upper end of the sleeve body 84, which is equal to the thickness of the ignition plate 88 in the edge region. Finally, the magazine band 82 is slipped onto the adjacent sleeve bodies 84.
  • the magazine shown in Fig. 3 is suitable for nail guns and setting tools in which the cartridges 80 are ignited by adiabatic compression of air.
  • a connection between the compression space and the ignition plate 88 must be created during operation of the device.
  • this connection should only be created when the air is compressed.
  • a blind hole 96 is formed in the magazine band 82 in the area of the bottom walls 95 of the cartridges 80, which has a smaller depth than the magazine band 82 in its bottom wall areas 95.
  • a squeeze ring 99 is formed per blind hole 96, which, like the squeeze ring 65 according to FIG. 2, has a sealing function and the throttle via which the compressed, heated air to the cartridge 84 or the ignition plate 88, seals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Container, Conveyance, Adherence, Positioning, Of Wafer (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Zünden einer Treibladung, insbesondere für Bolzenschuß- oder -setzgeräte, mit einem Gehäuse, in dem ein Hohlraum ausgebildet ist, einem verschiebbar im Hohlraum geführten Kolben zum Komprimieren von im Hohlraum befindlichem Gas (Luft) und einer mit dem Hohlraum über eine Öffnung verbundenen Kammer, in der eine Treibladung angeordnet ist, die durch Verdichtung von Gas beim Verschieben des Kolbens zündbar ist.The invention relates to a device for igniting a propellant charge, in particular for nail guns or setting tools, with a housing in which a cavity is formed, a piston guided displaceably in the cavity for compressing gas (air) in the cavity and one with the cavity via an opening connected chamber in which a propellant charge is arranged, which can be ignited by compression of gas when the piston is displaced.

Die Zündung von Treibladungen kann elektrisch oder durch mechanische oder thermische Einwirkung erfolgen. Bei der mechanischen Einwirkung schlägt ein Schlagbolzen gegen den die Treibladung beinhaltenden Hülsenkörper, in dem die der Treibladung vorgelagerte Anzündladung durch Reibung der Partikel gegeneinander erhitzt und gezündet wird. Nachteil der Zündung einer Treibladung mittels Schlagbolzens ist die erosive Belastung und Verschmutzung des Laufes durch die in der Anzündladung vorhandenen Friktionsmittel. Vorteile bietet hier die adiabatische Zündung, bei der die Treibladung durch eine Anzündladung gezündet wird, die ihrerseits durch infolge von adiabatischer Kompression von Luft oder Gas entstehende Hitze initiiert wird. Eine Vorrichtung zum adiabatischen Zünden einer Treibladung ist aus DE-A-21 03 253 bekannt. Die bekannte Vorrichtung weist ein Gehäuse auf, in dem ein (zylindrischer) Hohlraum ausgebildet ist. In dem Hohlraum ist ein federbelasteter Kolben zum Verdichten des im Hohlraum befindlichen Gases angeordnet. In axialer Verlängerung des Hohlraumes schließt sich ein Lauf an, in dessen dem Hohlraum zugewandten Endabschnitt (Patronenlager) ein hülsenloses Geschoß mit einer zum Hohlraum hin offenen Kammer zur Aufnahme der Treibladung angeordnet ist. Die Querschnittsfläche des Patronenlagers ist im Vergleich zur Querschnittsfläche des Hohlraumes relativ groß. Damit ist die Kraft, die beim Verbrennen der Treibladung auf den sich in seinem unteren Totpunkt befindenden Kolben wirkt, relativ groß. Aufgrund dieser Kraft wird der Kolben gegen die Feder zurückbewegt, so daß die Gaserzeugung beim Zünden der Treibladung nur unzureichend in eine Vorbewegung des Geschosses umgesetzt wird.Propellant charges can be ignited electrically or by mechanical or thermal action. During the mechanical action, a firing pin strikes the sleeve body containing the propellant charge, in which the ignition charge upstream of the propellant charge is heated and ignited by the particles rubbing against each other. The disadvantage of firing a propellant charge with a firing pin is the erosive load and contamination of the barrel due to the friction agents present in the primer charge. Advantages here are adiabatic ignition, in which the propellant charge is ignited by an ignition charge, which in turn is initiated by heat generated as a result of adiabatic compression of air or gas. A device for the adiabatic ignition of a propellant charge is known from DE-A-21 03 253. The known device has a housing in which a (cylindrical) cavity is formed. A spring-loaded piston for compressing the gas located in the cavity is arranged in the cavity. An axial extension of the cavity is followed by a barrel, in whose end section facing the cavity (cartridge chamber) a sleeve-free projectile is arranged with a chamber open to the cavity for receiving the propellant charge. The cross-sectional area of the cartridge chamber is relatively large compared to the cross-sectional area of the cavity. The force that acts on the piston located at its bottom dead center when the propellant is burned is thus relatively large. Because of this force, the piston is moved back against the spring, so that the gas generation when the propellant charge is ignited is only insufficiently converted into a forward movement of the projectile.

Aus US-A-4 856 433, welches die Merkmale des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 15 zeigt, ist eine Initialisierungsvorrichtung zum Aktivieren eines Flugzeugbesatzungs-Rettungssystems bekannt. In der Initialisierungsvorrichtung wird eine gaserzeugende Ladung gezündet. Durch den ansteigenden Druck wird das Rettungssystem aktiviert. Die gaserzeugende Ladung wird durch adiabatische Kompression gezündet. Auch bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung weist der vom Kompressionsraum zur Treibladung hin führende Kanal eine relativ große Querschnittsfläche auf.From US-A-4 856 433, which shows the features of the preamble of claim 15, an initialization device for activating an aircraft crew rescue system is known. A gas-generating charge is ignited in the initialization device. By the rising The rescue system is activated by pressure. The gas-generating charge is ignited by adiabatic compression. In this known device too, the channel leading from the compression space to the propellant charge has a relatively large cross-sectional area.

Aus US-A-3 302 319, welches die Merkmale des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 zeigt, ist eine Abschußeinrichtung für Geschosse, Bolzen o. dgl. bekannt, bei der die Zündung der Treibladung durch adiabatische Kompression erfolgt. Der Hohlraum für die Kompression der Luft ist mit der Kammer für die Aufnahme der Treibladung über einen axialen Kanal verbunden, dem auf seinem kammerseitigen Ende ein federbelasteter Ventilkörper zugeordnet ist. Dieser Ventilkörper ist in der Kammer unter dem Druck der Treibladungsgase axial nach hinten verschiebbar und verschließt den Kanal, um das Abströmen der Treibladungsgase nach hinten zu verhindern.From US-A-3 302 319, which shows the features of the preamble of claim 1, a launcher for projectiles, bolts or the like is known in which the propellant charge is ignited by adiabatic compression. The cavity for the compression of the air is connected to the chamber for receiving the propellant charge via an axial channel to which a spring-loaded valve body is assigned on its chamber-side end. This valve body is axially displaceable backwards in the chamber under the pressure of the propellant gases and closes the channel in order to prevent the propellant gases from flowing out to the rear.

Aus FR-E-89 041, welches die Merkmale des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 21 zeigt, ist schließlich noch ein Magazinband für zündbare Kartuschen für Bolzenschuß- oder -setzgeräte bekannt, das die Kartuschen untereinander verbindet und deren Bodenwände bildet, wobei das Magazinband im Bereich der Bodenwände der Kartuschen mindestens eine Sollbruchstelle ähnlich einer Bohrung aufweist. Das Magazinband ist aus einem Gewebeband aus Nitrozellulose oder Schießbaumwolle und somit voll verbrennbar.From FR-E-89 041, which shows the features of the preamble of claim 21, a magazine tape for ignitable cartridges for nail guns or setting tools is finally known, which connects the cartridges to one another and forms their bottom walls, the magazine tape in the area of Bottom walls of the cartridges have at least one predetermined breaking point similar to a hole. The magazine tape is made of a fabric tape made of nitrocellulose or gun cotton and is therefore fully combustible.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Zünden einer Treibladung der eingangs genannten Art, insbesondere für Bolzenschuß- oder -setzgeräte zu schaffen, bei der mit einfachen Mitteln ein Ausweichen des Gasdruckes bei Zündung der Treibladung in den Hohlraum zurück weitgehendst unterbunden wird.The invention has for its object to provide a device for igniting a propellant charge of the type mentioned, in particular for nail guns or setting tools, in which evasion of the gas pressure when the propellant charge is ignited in the cavity is largely prevented by simple means.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird mit der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß die den Hohlraum und die Kammer verbindende Öffnung als Düse mit einer um ein Vielfaches kleineren Querschnittsfläche als der Hohlraum, der Kolben oder die Kammer ausgebildet ist und daß die Düse von einem in der Kammer angeordneten Anzündplättchen für die Treibladung überdeckt ist, wobei die Stärke des Anzündplättchens im Bereich der Düse und um diese herum geringer ist als im übrigen Bereich des Anzündplättchens.To achieve this object, the invention proposes that the opening connecting the cavity and the chamber is designed as a nozzle with a cross-sectional area many times smaller than that of the cavity, the piston or the chamber, and that the nozzle is provided by an ignition plate arranged in the chamber is covered for the propellant charge, the thickness of the ignition plate in the area of the nozzle and around it being less than in the rest of the area of the ignition plate.

Nach der Erfindung befindet sich zwischen dem Hohlraum und der Kammer für die Treibladung eine Düse mit extrem kleiner Querschnittsfläche im Vergleich zur Hohlraum- bzw. Kammerquerschnittsfläche. Wegen dieser extrem kleinen Querschnittsfläche kann die Kammer auf ihrer mit der Düse versehenen Wand als praktisch geschlossen angesehen werden; das Gas beim Verbrennen der Treibladung kann also nur zu einem recht geringen Teil in den Hohlraum zurück ausweichen. Aufgrund ihrer geringen Querschnittsfläche wirkt die Düse wie eine Drossel, die ein Zurückströmen von (Verbrennungs-)Gasen in den Hohlraum so gut wie verhindert. Der Düsenquerschnitt ist jedenfalls wesentlich geringer als derjenige der mindestens einen Abströmöffnung, über die die Verbrennungsgase bei gezündeter Treibladung austreten sollen, um beispielsweise in einem Bolzenschuß- oder -setzgerät den Schubkolben vorzubewegen.According to the invention, there is a nozzle with an extremely small cross-sectional area compared to the cavity or chamber cross-sectional area between the cavity and the chamber for the propellant charge. Because of this extremely small cross-sectional area, the chamber on its wall provided with the nozzle can be regarded as practically closed; the gas when the propellant is burned can therefore only escape to a very small extent into the cavity. Due to its small cross-sectional area, the nozzle acts like a throttle backflow of (combustion) gases into the cavity is virtually prevented. The cross section of the nozzle is in any case considerably smaller than that of the at least one outflow opening, through which the combustion gases are to emerge when the propellant charge is ignited, in order, for example, to advance the thrust piston in a nail gun or setting tool.

Aufgrund des geringen Düsenquerschnittes ist aber die Energieeinleitung beim adiabatischen Komprimieren des Gases des Hohlraumes in die Kammer relativ schlecht. Diesbezüglich wäre eine relativ große Düsenöffnung wünschenswert, was sich, wie oben dargelegt, wiederum negativ auf die Umsetzung der Treibladung auswirkt. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist die Düsenöffnung von einem in der Kammer angeordneten Anzündplättchen überdeckt, dessen Dicke im Bereich der Düsenöffnung geringer ist als im übrigen Bereich. Das Anzündplättchen besteht vorzugsweise aus einem sensibilisierten Zündmaterial, insbesondere sensibilisierte Nitrocellulose. Das Anzündplättchen ist gerade in seinem mechanisch thermisch beanspruchten Bereich, nämlich im Bereich der Düsenöffnung und um diese herum, dünner, spricht also im mechanisch thermisch beanspruchten Bereich eher an. In diesem Bereich geringer Dicke erfolgt bei Druckbeauschlagung durch das (heiße) komprimierte Gas eine Fragmentierung des Anzündplättchens. Mit dem Zerbrechen des Anzündplättchens ist eine Oberflächenvergrößerung des Anzündmaterials verbunden, so daß zur Zündung bereits niedrigere Gastemperaturen und niedrigere Kompressionsdrücke ausreichen.However, due to the small nozzle cross section, the energy input during adiabatic compression of the gas in the cavity into the chamber is relatively poor. In this regard, a relatively large nozzle opening would be desirable, which, as explained above, in turn has a negative effect on the implementation of the propellant charge. In the device according to the invention, the nozzle opening is covered by an ignition plate arranged in the chamber, the thickness of which is less in the area of the nozzle opening than in the rest of the area. The ignition plate preferably consists of a sensitized ignition material, in particular sensitized nitrocellulose. The ignition plate is thinner, particularly in its mechanically thermally stressed area, namely in the area of the nozzle opening and around it, so it responds more in the mechanically thermally stressed area. In this area of low thickness, the ignition plate is fragmented when the (hot) compressed gas is pressurized. When the ignition plate breaks, an increase in the surface area of the ignition material is associated, so that lower gas temperatures and lower compression pressures are sufficient for ignition.

Eine Reduzierung der Stärke des Anzündplättchens, bei dem es sich vorzugsweise um einen (Pulver-)Preßkörper handelt, würde jedoch allein zur sicheren Zündung der Treibladung nicht ausreichen. Hierzu ist es vielmehr erforderlich, daß eine ausreichende Menge an sensibilisiertem Zündmaterial zur Verfügung gestellt wird. Dies wiederum wird dadurch erreicht, daß das Anzündplättchen lediglich im Bereich der Düsenöffnung, also nicht über seine gesamte Querschnittsfläche, eine relativ geringe Dicke aufweist im übrigen Bereich jedoch relativ dick ist. Eine bezogen auf das Anzündplättchen in dessen thermisch mechanisch beanspruchten Bereich initiierte Zündung breitet sich also über das Anzündplättchen rasch aus, wobei die um das Zwei- bis Sechsfache dickeren Randbereiche des Anzündplättchens genügend Zündenergie zum Zünden der Treibladung liefern.A reduction in the thickness of the ignition plate, which is preferably a (powder) compact acts, however, would not be sufficient for the safe ignition of the propellant charge. Rather, this requires that a sufficient amount of sensitized ignition material is made available. This in turn is achieved in that the ignition plate has a relatively small thickness only in the area of the nozzle opening, ie not over its entire cross-sectional area, but is relatively thick in the remaining area. An ignition initiated in relation to the ignition plate in its thermally mechanically stressed area thus spreads rapidly over the ignition plate, the marginal regions of the ignition plate being two to six times thicker providing sufficient ignition energy to ignite the propellant charge.

Mit dem hier beschriebenen Anzündplättchen lassen sich die Kartuschen auch bei Geräten mit kleinen Kompressionsvolumina, also bei Geräten mit relativ kleinen Kolbendurchmessern und vergleichsweise kurzen Kompressionshüben zuverlässig adiabatisch zünden. Die erfindungsgemäße adiabatische Zündvorrichtung für Treibladungen zeichnet sich durch eine Düse bzw. Drossel mit extrem geringem Querschnitt und der Anbindung der Treibladung an die Düse über das speziell ausgebildete Anzündplättchen mit im Bereich der Düse verminderter Dicke aus.With the ignition plate described here, the cartridges can also be reliably ignited adiabatically in devices with small compression volumes, i.e. in devices with relatively small piston diameters and comparatively short compression strokes. The adiabatic ignition device for propellant charges according to the invention is characterized by a nozzle or throttle with an extremely small cross-section and the connection of the propellant charge to the nozzle via the specially designed ignition plate with a reduced thickness in the region of the nozzle.

Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich das Anzündplättchen über die gesamte Querschnittsfläche der Kammer, so daß also neben dem Bereich verringerter Dicke ein flächen- und volumenmäßig noch ausreichender Bereich vorhanden ist, in dem das Anzündplättchen eine größere Dicke aufweist.The igniter plate preferably extends over the entire cross-sectional area of the chamber, so that in addition to the area of reduced thickness there is also an area in terms of area and volume in which the igniter plate has a greater thickness.

Bei einer Stärke von 1 bis 2 mm weist das Anzündplättchen in seinem verdünnten Bereich vorteilhafterweise eine Stärke von 1/3 bis 1/2 mm auf. Die Stärke des Anzündplättchens beträgt im Bereich der Düse und um diese herum etwa 1/6 bis 1/2 der maximalen Dicke des Anzündplättchens. Vorzugsweise ist das Anzündplättchen auf seiner einen Seite mit einer ebenen Fläche versehen, mit der es an der die Kammer und den Hohlraum trennenden mit der Düse versehenen Wand anliegt, wobei die Fläche auf der dem Hohlraum abgewandten Seite des Anzündplättchens eine vorzugsweise zentrale Ausnehmung aufweist und mit der Treibladung in Kontakt steht.With a thickness of 1 to 2 mm, the ignition plate advantageously has a thickness of 1/3 to 1/2 mm in its thinned area. The thickness of the igniter plate in the area of the nozzle and around it is about 1/6 to 1/2 of the maximum thickness of the igniter plate. The ignition plate is preferably provided on one side with a flat surface with which it rests on the wall provided with the nozzle and separating the chamber and the cavity, the surface on the side of the ignition plate facing away from the cavity having a preferably central recess and with the propellant charge is in contact.

Die verminderte Dicke des Anzündplättchens wird vorteilhafterweise durch beidseitige, vorzugweise gleich tiefe und zentrale Ausnehmungen erzielt. Bei einem derart ausgebildeten Anzündplättchen spielt es keine Rolle mehr, wie dieses in die Kammer bzw. in eine Kartuschenhülse eingelegt wird.The reduced thickness of the ignition plate is advantageously achieved by recesses on both sides, preferably equally deep and central. In the case of an ignition plate designed in this way, it no longer matters how it is inserted into the chamber or into a cartridge sleeve.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß das Anzündplättchen friktionsmittellos ist. Normalerweise wird dem Anzündmaterial der Treibladung Friktionsmittel in Form von Glaspulver oder dergleichen zugesetzt. Beim Zünden wird das Friktionsmittel freigesetzt und weggeschleudert, wobei es zu Errosionserscheinungen und Verschmutzungen im kammernahen Laufbereich kommt. Das Anzündplättchen der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung läßt sich wegen seiner speziellen oben beschriebenen Ausgestaltung ebenso ohne Friktionsmittel zünden. Wie sich bei Untersuchungen herausgestellt hat, weist das Anzündplättchen eine 6 mal niedrigere Reibempfindlichkeit und eine etwa 5 mal niedrigere Schlagempfindlichkeit auf als herkömmliche mit Friktionsmittel versehene Anzündplättchen. Dies ist insbesondere vorteilhaft beim Einsatz in Bolzenschuß- oder -setzgeräte und bei der damit verbundenen rauhen Handhabung auf Baustellen.In an advantageous development of the invention, it is provided that the ignition plate is frictionless. Usually, friction material in the form of glass powder or the like is added to the ignition material of the propellant charge. When igniting, the friction agent is released and flung away, causing signs of erosion and contamination in the barrel area near the chamber. The ignition plate of the device according to the invention can also be ignited due to its special configuration described above without friction. As it has been found in tests, the igniter plate has a 6 times lower sensitivity to rubbing and an approximately 5 times lower sensitivity to impact than conventional ones with a friction agent provided ignition plates. This is particularly advantageous when used in nail guns or setting tools and the associated rough handling on construction sites.

Vorzugsweise besteht das Anzündplättchen aus einem Material auf Nitratcellulose-Basis, dem als Sensibilisator Tetrazen zugesetzt ist. Die Verbrennung des Anzündplättchens erfolgt schadstoffarm, da das Anzündplättchen keine Schwermetalle aufweist.The ignition plate preferably consists of a material based on nitrate cellulose, to which tetrazene has been added as a sensitizer. The ignition plate is burned with low levels of pollutants, since the ignition plate has no heavy metals.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß in der Kammer ein die Treibladung beinhaltender Hülsenkörper angeordnet ist, der in seiner Bodenwand eine mit der Düse fluchtende Bohrung aufweist, wobei das Anzündplättchen in dem Hülsenkörper zwischen der Treibladung und der Bodenwand angeordnet ist. Vorzugsweise ist das Anzündplättchen von einem Ringwulst des Hülsenkörpers gegen die Bodenwand gedrückt gehalten. Der Hülsenkörper besteht vorteilhafterweise aus Kunststoff. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung eignet sich also zum Zünden von Kunststoff-Kartuschen mittels adiabatischer Kompression von Luft bzw. Gas.In an advantageous development of the invention it is provided that a sleeve body containing the propellant charge is arranged in the chamber, which has a bore aligned with the nozzle in its bottom wall, the igniter plate being arranged in the sleeve body between the propellant charge and the bottom wall. The ignition plate is preferably held pressed against the bottom wall by an annular bead of the sleeve body. The sleeve body is advantageously made of plastic. The device according to the invention is therefore suitable for igniting plastic cartridges by means of adiabatic compression of air or gas.

Vorzugsweise haben der Hohlraum und der Kolben jeweils eine zylindrische Querschnittsfläche, wobei die Düse in der Stirnwand des zylindrischen Hohlraums angeordnet ist. Die mit der Düse versehene Stirnwand des Hohlraums weist vorzugsweise eine kegelförmige Ausnehmung auf, wobei die Kegelachse mit der Mittelachse des zylindrischen Hohlraums und der Mittelachse der Düse zusammenfällt. Bei einer derartigen Stirnwand ist die dieser zugewandte Stirnseite des Kolbens komplementär zur Kegelausnehmung ausgebildet, ist also selbst kegelförmig. In seinem unteren Totpunkt ist der vorzugsweise durch eine Feder vorgespannte Kolben mit seinem vorderen Ende in die Ausnehmung eingetaucht, wobei die Kegelmantelfläche an der Fläche der Ausnehmung anliegt. Durch die oben beschriebene Ausbildung von Kolben und Hohlraum ergibt sich bei der Gasverdichtung eine zur Düsenöffnung hin gerichtete Strömung in diese und die Kammer hinein, was sich vorteilhaft auf die Energieeinleitung in das Anzündplättchen auswirkt.Preferably, the cavity and the piston each have a cylindrical cross-sectional area, the nozzle being arranged in the end wall of the cylindrical cavity. The end wall of the cavity provided with the nozzle preferably has a conical recess, the cone axis coinciding with the central axis of the cylindrical cavity and the central axis of the nozzle. With such an end wall, the end face of the piston facing this is complementary to Cone recess formed, so is itself conical. At its bottom dead center, the piston, which is preferably biased by a spring, is immersed with its front end in the recess, the conical surface resting on the surface of the recess. The above-described design of the piston and cavity results in a gas flow toward the nozzle opening into the chamber and into the chamber, which has an advantageous effect on the introduction of energy into the ignition plate.

Vorzugsweise ist der Kolben an seinem vorderen Ende mit einem Zapfen versehen, der im unteren Totpunkt des Kolbens in die Düsenöffnung eingetaucht ist. Hierdurch wird das Gas bzw. die Luft auch im Düsenkanal, der bezüglich der Kompression einen Totraum darstellt, komprimiert.The piston is preferably provided at its front end with a pin which is immersed in the nozzle opening at the bottom dead center of the piston. As a result, the gas or air is also compressed in the nozzle duct, which represents a dead space in terms of compression.

Mit der Erfindung wird eine Vorrichtung zum Zünden einer Treibladung infolge adiabatischer Kompression von Luft oder Gas in einem Hohlraum geschaffen, bei dem das Treibladung zündende Anzündplättchen berührungslos gezündet wird. Die bei der Explosion der Treibladung als Drossel wirkende, den Hohlraum mit der Kammer verbindende Düse weist einen Durchmesser auf, der im Bereich von einigen Millimetern liegt, während der Durchmesser des Hohlraums um mindestens den Faktor 10 größer ist.The invention provides a device for igniting a propellant charge as a result of adiabatic compression of air or gas in a cavity, in which the igniter plate igniting the propellant charge is ignited without contact. The nozzle which acts as a throttle when the propellant charge explodes and connects the cavity to the chamber has a diameter which is in the range of a few millimeters, while the diameter of the cavity is larger by at least a factor of 10.

Die Erfindung betrifft darüberhinaus eine Kartusche, insbesondere für Bolzenschuß- oder -setzgeräte, mit einem Hülsenkörper, der eine geschlossene Bodenwand aufweist, einer in dem Hülsenkörper eingebrachten Treibladung und einer Abdeckung für die Treibladung auf der der Bodenwand abgewandten Seite. Die erfindungsgemäße gemäße Kartusche ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Bodenwand des Hülsenkörpers eine Bohrung ausgebildet ist, die von einem in dem Hülsenkörper angeordneten durch Hitze infolge von Gasverdichtung zündbaren Anzündplättchen abgedeckt ist, dessen Stärke im Bereich der Bohrung und um diese herum geringer ist als im übrigen Bereich des Anzündplättchens, wobei die Dicke des Anzündplättchens im verdünnten Bereich 1/2 bis 1/6 der sonstigen Stärke des Anzündplättchens beträgt. Die Merkmale vorteilhafter Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind jeweils in den beigefügten Ansprüchen 16 bis 20 angegeben.The invention further relates to a cartridge, in particular for nail guns or setting tools, with a sleeve body which has a closed bottom wall, a propellant charge introduced into the sleeve body and a cover for the propellant charge on the side facing away from the bottom wall. The invention According cartridge is characterized in that a bore is formed in the bottom wall of the sleeve body, which is covered by an arranged in the sleeve body by heat ignitable due to gas compression igniter plate, the thickness in the area of the bore and around this is less than in the rest of the area of the ignition plate, the thickness of the ignition plate in the diluted range being 1/2 to 1/6 of the other thickness of the ignition plate. The features of advantageous embodiments of the invention are each specified in the appended claims 16 to 20.

Die Erfindung betrifft desweiteren ein Magazin für durch Hitze infolge von Gasverdichtung zündbaren Kartuschen, insbesondere für Bolzenschuß- oder -setzgeräte. Dieses Magazin weist ein Magazinband aus Kunststoff auf, das die Kartuschen untereinander verbindet und deren Bodenwände bildet, wobei das Magazin im Bereich der Bodenwände der Kartuschen pro Kartusche mindestens eine Sollbruchstelle aufweist und pro Kartusche ein Anzündplättchen vorgesehen ist, welches auf dem Magazinband im Bereich der Bodenwand der Kartusche angeordnet ist, und das Anzündplättchen im Bereich der Sollbruchstelle dünner als im übrigen Bereich ist, wobei die Stärke im verdünnten Bereich vorzugsweise 1/2 bis 1/6 der maximalen Stärke des Anzündplättchens beträgt. Jede dieser Sollbruchstellen ist vorzugsweise als in das Magazinband eingebrachte Durchgangsbohrung ausgebildet, die mit einer dünnen Kunststoffolie abgedeckt ist. Die Sollbruchstelle kann aber auch als (Sack-)bohrung ausgebildet sein, deren Tiefe geringfügig geringer ist als die Dicke des Magazinbandes, so daß die Bohrung durch eine mit dem Magazinband einstückige "Kunststoffhaut" verschlossen ist. Der Verschluß der Kartuschen durch die Sollbruchstellen ist vorteilhaft bezüglich der Handhabung und Lagerung des Magazins. Beim Einbringen des Magazins in ein Bolzenschuß- oder -setzgerät, in dem die Kartuschen durch adiabatische Kompression von Gas bzw. Luft gezündet werden, platzt die Sollbruchstelle des Magazinbandes auf, so daß die Energieeinleitung über den Kartuschenboden zum Anzündplättchen erfolgen kann.The invention further relates to a magazine for cartridges ignitable by heat due to gas compression, in particular for nail guns or setting tools. This magazine has a magazine band made of plastic, which connects the cartridges to one another and forms their bottom walls, the magazine having at least one predetermined breaking point per cartridge in the area of the bottom walls of the cartridges and an ignition plate being provided per cartridge, which is on the magazine band in the area of the bottom wall the cartridge is arranged, and the ignition plate in the area of the predetermined breaking point is thinner than in the rest of the area, the thickness in the diluted area preferably being 1/2 to 1/6 of the maximum thickness of the ignition plate. Each of these predetermined breaking points is preferably designed as a through-hole made in the magazine band, which is covered with a thin plastic film. The predetermined breaking point can, however, also be designed as a (pocket) bore, the depth of which is slightly less than the thickness of the magazine band, see above that the bore is closed by a "plastic skin" integral with the magazine belt. The closure of the cartridges by the predetermined breaking points is advantageous with regard to the handling and storage of the magazine. When the magazine is inserted into a nail gun or setting tool, in which the cartridges are ignited by adiabatic compression of gas or air, the predetermined breaking point of the magazine band bursts, so that the energy can be introduced via the cartridge base to the ignition plate.

Vorzugsweise ist jede Kartusche mit einem kappenartigen an dem Magazinband gehaltenen Hülsenkörper versehen, der eine weitere Sollbruchstelle aufweist. In den Hülsenkörper ist die Treibladung eingebracht, die beim Zünden den Hülsenkörper an dessen Sollbruchstelle aufplatzen läßt, so daß die Verbrennungsgase freigegeben werden. Vorzugsweise ist der Hülsenkörper einstückig mit dem Magazinband verbunden. Eine Alternative hierzu besteht darin, daß die Hülsenkörper mit dem Magazinband rastend verbunden sind. Die rastende Verbindung hat insbesondere fertigungstechnisch Vorteile, da das Magazinband, nachdem die Hülsenkörper mit den Treibladungen gefüllt worden sind, einfach auf die Hülsenkörper aufgesteckt werden kann. Der Hülsenkörper besteht wie das Magazinband vorteilhafterweise aus Kunststoff.Each cartridge is preferably provided with a cap-like sleeve body which is held on the magazine band and has a further predetermined breaking point. The propellant charge is introduced into the sleeve body and, when ignited, causes the sleeve body to burst open at its predetermined breaking point, so that the combustion gases are released. The sleeve body is preferably connected in one piece to the magazine band. An alternative to this is that the sleeve bodies are connected to the magazine band in a latching manner. The latching connection has particular advantages in terms of production technology, since the magazine band, after the sleeve bodies have been filled with the propellant charges, can simply be pushed onto the sleeve bodies. Like the magazine band, the sleeve body is advantageously made of plastic.

Vorzugsweise sind auf dem Magazinband nebeneinanderliegende geschlossene aufragende Kragenränder ausgebildet, die auf ihren Innenflächen mit Rastumfangsnuten (oder Umfangserhebungen) versehen sind, die mit Rastnasen (Rastvertiefungen) zusammenwirken, welche an den Außenflächen der Hülsenkörper ausgebildet sind. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung von Magazinband und Kartuschen ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die von den Kragenrändern umschlossenen Anzündplättchen von den stirnseitigen Ringflächen der mit den Kragenrändern rastend verbundenen Hülsenkörper gegen das Magazinband gedrückt gehalten sind. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine recht einfache Art der Fixierung der Anzündplättchen auf dem Magazinband bzw. innerhalb der Kartuschen.Preferably, closed, upstanding collar edges are formed on the magazine belt, which are provided on their inner surfaces with latching circumferential grooves (or circumferential elevations) which interact with latching lugs (latching depressions) which are formed on the outer surfaces of the sleeve body. In this configuration of magazine band and cartridges it is advantageous if the ignition platelets enclosed by the collar edges are held pressed against the magazine band by the end ring surfaces of the sleeve bodies which are connected in a latching manner to the collar edges. This results in a very simple way of fixing the ignition plates on the magazine band or within the cartridges.

Nachfolgend wird anhand der Figuren ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch ein Bolzensetzgerät, bei dem die Treibladung infolge adiabatischer Kompression von Luft gezündet wird,
Fig. 2
eine Ansicht des mittleren Bereichs des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Bolzensetzgerätes in vergrößertem Maßstab und
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt durch ein Kartuschenmagazin mit einem Magazinband, an dem mehrere Kartuschen nebeneinanderliegend gehalten sind.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. In detail show:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through a bolt-actuating device, in which the propellant charge is ignited due to adiabatic compression of air,
Fig. 2
a view of the central region of the bolt gun shown in Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale and
Fig. 3
a section through a cartridge magazine with a magazine belt on which several cartridges are held side by side.

In Fig. 1 ist im Längsschnitt ein Bolzensetzgerät 10 dargestellt, das einen zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt 12 aufweist, der einen zylindrischen Hohlraum 14 begrenzt. Im Hohlraum 14 befindet sich ein Kolben 16, der gleitend verschiebbar angeordnet ist und gasdicht mit der Innenfläche des zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnittes 12 abschließt. Zwischen dem Kolben 16 und dem stirnseitigen oberen Ende 18 des zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnittes 12 ist eine Schraubendruckfeder 20 angeordnet, die den Kolben 16 in Richtung auf das stirnseitige untere Ende 22 des zylindrischen Gehäuesabschnittes 12 vorbewegt. Das dem unteren Ende 22 des zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnittes 16 zugewandte vordere Ende 24 des Kolbens 16 ist kegelförmig ausgebildet, wobei aus der Kegelspitze ein dünner Zapfen 26 herausragt.In Fig. 1, a bolt gun 10 is shown in longitudinal section, which has a cylindrical housing portion 12 which defines a cylindrical cavity 14. In the cavity 14 there is a piston 16 which is slidably arranged and seals gas-tight with the inner surface of the cylindrical housing section 12. Between the piston 16 and the front upper end 18 of the cylindrical housing section 12, a helical compression spring 20 is arranged, which moves the piston 16 in the direction of the lower end 22 of the cylindrical housing section 12 is advanced. The front end 24 of the piston 16 which faces the lower end 22 of the cylindrical housing section 16 is conical, a thin pin 26 protruding from the cone tip.

Am unteren Ende 22 weist der zylindrische Gehäuseabschnitt 2 ein Außengewinde 28 auf, über das der zylindrische Gehäuseabschnitt 12 in Hülsenteil 30 eingeschraubt ist. Das Hülsenteil weist eine Durchgangsbohrung 32 auf, die in ihrem mit einem Innengewinde zur Aufnahme des Außengewindes 28 versehenen Abschnitt im Durchmesser kleiner ist als im übrigen Bereich. In das Hülsenteil 30 eingesetzt ist ein Paßstück 34, das an der stirnseitigen Ringfläche des unteren Endes 22 des zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnittes 12 anliegt. In diesem Bereich ist das Paßstück 34 mit einem Dichtungsring 36 zum gasdichten Abdichten des Paßstückes 34 gegenüber dem zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt 12 versehen. Auf der den Hohlraum 14 nach unten begrenzenden Seite des Paßstückes 34 ist dieses mit einer kegeltrichterförmigen Ausnehmung 38 versehen, deren Form dem kegelartigen vorderen Ende 24 des Kolbens 16 angepaßt ist. In seinem unteren Totpunkt ist der Kolben 16 mit seinem vorderen Ende 24 formschlüssig in die Ausnehmung 38 eingetaucht. Auf seiner dem Hohlraum 14 abgewandten Seite ist in das Paßstück 34 eine zylindrische koaxial zum Hohlraum 14 angeordnete Kammer 40 eingearbeitet, die über eine Bohrung 42 mit der Ausnehmung 38 verbunden ist. In der Kammer 40 ist eine Kartusche untergebracht, was anhand von Fig. 2 später noch genauer beschrieben werden wird.At the lower end 22, the cylindrical housing section 2 has an external thread 28, via which the cylindrical housing section 12 is screwed into the sleeve part 30. The sleeve part has a through bore 32 which is smaller in diameter in its section provided with an internal thread for receiving the external thread 28 than in the rest of the region. Inserted into the sleeve part 30 is a fitting piece 34 which bears against the end face of the lower end 22 of the cylindrical housing section 12. In this area, the fitting 34 is provided with a sealing ring 36 for gas-tight sealing of the fitting 34 with respect to the cylindrical housing section 12. On the side of the fitting piece 34 which delimits the cavity 14 at the bottom, it is provided with a conical funnel-shaped recess 38, the shape of which is adapted to the conical front end 24 of the piston 16. At its bottom dead center, the piston 16 is positively immersed in the recess 38 with its front end 24. On its side facing away from the cavity 14, a cylindrical chamber 40, which is arranged coaxially to the cavity 14 and is connected to the recess 38 via a bore 42, is machined into the adapter 34. A cartridge is accommodated in the chamber 40, which will be described in more detail later with reference to FIG. 2.

In ihrem dem zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt 12 abgewandten Endabschnitt ist die Durchgangsbohrung 32 des Hülsenteils 30 mit einem Innengewinde versehen, in das ein Außengewinde 44 eines Laufes 46 eingreift. Im Lauf 46 ist ein Schubkolben 48 längsverschiebbar geführt, dessen dem Hülsenteil 30 abgewandtes Ende in einer Führungshülse 50 geführt ist, die mit dem Lauf 46 verschraubt ist. In die Führungshülse 50 ist ein Nagel oder Bolzen 52 einsteckbar, der bei Vorbewegung des Schubkolbens 48 aus der Hülse 50 herausgeschossen wird. In das dem Paßstück 34 zugewandte und an diesem anliegende Ende des Laufes 46 ist ein Einsatzstück 54 eingesetzt, das mittels eines Dichtungsringes 55 dicht mit dem Paßstück 34 abschließt und in dem mehrere Abströmkanäle 56 ausgebildet sind, die die Kammer 40 mit dem vom Lauf 46 umschlossenen Raum verbinden. Der Schubkolben 48 weist eine Umfangsnut auf, in der ein Federring 58 aus Stahl oder dergleichen eingelassen ist, der an der Innenfläche des Laufes 46 anliegt und den Schubkolben 48 gegen ein Herausgleiten infolge seiner Gewichtskraft aus dem Lauf 46 sichert.In its end section facing away from the cylindrical housing section 12, the through bore 32 of the Sleeve part 30 is provided with an internal thread, into which an external thread 44 of a barrel 46 engages. In the barrel 46, a thrust piston 48 is guided in a longitudinally displaceable manner, the end remote from the sleeve part 30 is guided in a guide sleeve 50 which is screwed to the barrel 46. A nail or bolt 52 can be inserted into the guide sleeve 50 and is shot out of the sleeve 50 when the thrust piston 48 moves forward. An insert 54 is inserted into the end of the barrel 46 facing the fitting 34 and abuts against it, which seals tightly with the fitting 34 by means of a sealing ring 55 and in which a plurality of outflow channels 56 are formed which enclose the chamber 40 with that of the barrel 46 Connect space. The push piston 48 has a circumferential groove in which a spring ring 58 made of steel or the like is inserted, which rests on the inner surface of the barrel 46 and secures the push piston 48 against sliding out due to its weight force from the barrel 46.

In Fig. 2 ist in vergrößertem Maßstab der Bereich des Paßstückes 34 um die Kammer 40 herum dargestellt. Gemäß Fig. 2 ist in der Kammer 40 des Paßstückes 34 eine Kartusche 60 eingesetzt, die einen Hülsenkörper 62 aus Kunststoff aufweist. An seinem an die Bohrung 42 angrenzenden stirnseitigen Ende befindet sich die Bodenwand 64 des Hülsenkörpers 62, in der sich eine zentrale mit der Bohrug 42 des Paßstückes 34 fluchtende Bohrung 66 befindet. Koaxial zur Bohrung 66 ist die Außenfläche der Bodenwand 64 mit einem angeformten Quetschring 65 versehen, der an der Innenfläche 67 der die Kammer 40 vom Hohlraum 14 trennenden Wand anliegt und eine Abdichtfunktion hat. Das der Bodenwand 64 abgewandte andere stirnseitige Ende des Hülsenkörpers 62, das zu den Abströmkanälen 56 weist, ist durch eine Aluminium-Abdeckfolie 68 verschlossen. Von innen gegen die Bodenwand 64 ist ein als Preßkörper aus sensibilisierter Nitrocellulose bestehendes Anzündplättchen 70 gesetzt, das neben Nitrocellulose auch Tetrazen enthält und sich über den gesamten Innenquerschnitt des Hülsenkörpers 62 erstreckt. Das Anzündplättchen 70 deckt die Bohrung 66 ab; in diesem Bereich weist das Anzündplättchen 70 eine geringere Dicke als im Randbereich auf. Während bei dem in den Fign. 1 und 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel die Dicke des Anzündplättchens 70 in dessen Randbereich 1 bis 2 mm beträgt, weist das Anzündplättchen 70 in seinem die Bohrung 66 überdeckenden Mittenbereich eine Stärke von 1/2 bis 1/3 mm auf. Während die der Bodenwand 64 zugewandte Fläche des Anzündplättchens 70 eben ist, ist auf der der Aluminium-Abdeckfolie 68 zugewandten Seite des Anzündplättchens 70 in dieses eine kegelstumpfartige Vertiefung 72 eingearbeitet. An der Innenfläche des Hülsenkörpers 62 liegt eine Haltehülse 74 aus Kunststoff an, die an ihrer oberen Stirnseite mit einem ringförmigen Innenwulst 75 versehen ist, der an dem Anzündplättchen 70 in dessen verdickten Randbereich anliegt und der das Anzündplättchen 70 an der Bodenwand 64 anliegend hält. Der von Hülsenkörper 62 ist mit Treibladungspulver 76 ausgefüllt.2, the area of the adapter 34 around the chamber 40 is shown on an enlarged scale. 2, a cartridge 60 is inserted in the chamber 40 of the fitting 34, which has a sleeve body 62 made of plastic. At its front end adjacent to the bore 42 is the bottom wall 64 of the sleeve body 62, in which there is a central bore 66 aligned with the bore 42 of the fitting 34. Coaxial to the bore 66, the outer surface of the bottom wall 64 is provided with an integrally formed crimp ring 65 which bears against the inner surface 67 of the wall separating the chamber 40 from the cavity 14 and has a sealing function. The other end of the sleeve body 62 facing away from the bottom wall 64 is closed the outflow channels 56 is closed by an aluminum cover sheet 68. From the inside, against the bottom wall 64, there is placed an ignition plate 70 made of sensitized nitrocellulose, which in addition to nitrocellulose also contains tetrazene and extends over the entire inner cross section of the sleeve body 62. The ignition plate 70 covers the bore 66; in this area the ignition plate 70 has a smaller thickness than in the edge area. While in the figures 1 and 2, the thickness of the ignition plate 70 in the edge region thereof is 1 to 2 mm, the ignition plate 70 has a thickness of 1/2 to 1/3 mm in its central region covering the bore 66. While the surface of the ignition plate 70 facing the bottom wall 64 is flat, on the side of the ignition plate 70 facing the aluminum cover film 68, a truncated cone-like depression 72 is worked into the latter. On the inner surface of the sleeve body 62 is a holding sleeve 74 made of plastic, which is provided on its upper end face with an annular inner bead 75 which bears on the ignition plate 70 in its thickened edge region and which holds the ignition plate 70 against the bottom wall 64. The sleeve body 62 is filled with propellant powder 76.

Nachfolgend soll kurz die Funktionsweise des in den Fign. 1 und 2 dargestellten Bolzensetzgerätes 10 beschrieben werden. Zunächst wird die Druckfeder 20 gespannt, indem der Kolben 16 in Richtung auf das obere Ende 18 des zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnittes 12 von Hand oder automatisch bewegt wird. Die hierzu erforderlichen Hilfsmittel sind Fig. 1 der Einfachheit halber nicht eingezeichnet. Beim Lösen des Kolbens 16 schnellt dieser infolge der Kraft der Druckfeder 20 auf das untere Ende 22 des zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnittes 12 zu, wobei er die im Hohlraum 14 befindliche Luft, die über die Belüftungsöffnungen 78 in den Hohlraum eintreten kann, adiabatisch komprimiert. Die komprimierte erhitzte Luft (800 bis 1000 °C) gelangt über die als Düse wirkenden Bohrungen 42,66 zum Anzündplättchen 70. In dem Bereich, in dem die komprimierte erhitzte Luft auf das Anzündplättchen 70 einwirkt, weist dieses lediglich eine geringe Dicke auf. Wegen der in diesem Bereich lediglich geringen Masse erwärmt sich das Anzündplättchen 70 parziell bis über die Selbstzündungstemperatur. Die im mechanisch und thermisch beanspruchten Mittenbereich initiierte Zündung des Anzündplättchens 70 überträgt sich auf den verdickten Randbereich, so daß sich eine Anzündflamme bildet, deren Energie ausreichend ist, um die Treibladung 76 zu zünden. Während sich die Federkraft im unteren Totpunkt des Kolbens 16 in erster Linie auf die Luftströmungsgeschwindigkeit im Hohlraum 14 bzw. in den die Düse bildenden Bohrungen 42,66 auswirkt, hat die Geschwindigkeit, mit der sich der Kolben 16 auf die Kammer 40 zubewegt, in erster Linie Auswirkungen auf die Lufttemperatur. Aufgrund der Verbindung der Kartusche 60 über die Bohrung 42 extrem kleinen Querschnitts und der Ausbildung des Anzündplättchens 70 mit der Verdünnung im Mittenbereich ist es möglich, trotz der extrem kleinen Querschnitte der Bohrungen 42 und 66 bei relativ geringen Federenergien genügend Energie zum Zünden des Anzündplättchens 70 zur Verfügung zu stellen.Below is a brief description of how the function shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 shown bolt gun 10 are described. First, the compression spring 20 is tensioned by moving the piston 16 in the direction of the upper end 18 of the cylindrical housing section 12 by hand or automatically. The aids required for this are not shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of simplicity. When the piston 16 is loosened this due to the force of the compression spring 20 towards the lower end 22 of the cylindrical housing section 12, whereby it adiabatically compresses the air in the cavity 14, which can enter the cavity via the ventilation openings 78. The compressed heated air (800 to 1000 ° C.) reaches the ignition plate 70 via the bores 42, 66 acting as a nozzle. In the area in which the compressed heated air acts on the ignition plate 70, it has only a small thickness. Because of the small mass in this area, the ignition plate 70 partially heats up to above the auto-ignition temperature. The ignition of the ignition plate 70 initiated in the mechanically and thermally stressed central region is transferred to the thickened edge region, so that an ignition flame is formed, the energy of which is sufficient to ignite the propellant charge 76. While the spring force at the bottom dead center of the piston 16 primarily affects the air flow speed in the cavity 14 or in the bores 42, 66 forming the nozzle, the speed with which the piston 16 moves towards the chamber 40 has first Line effects on air temperature. Due to the connection of the cartridge 60 via the bore 42 of extremely small cross-section and the formation of the ignition plate 70 with the thinning in the middle region, it is possible, despite the extremely small cross-sections of the holes 42 and 66, with relatively low spring energies to ignite the ignition plate 70 To make available.

Der Umstand, daß die Bohrungen 42 und 66 einen geringen Durchmesser aufweisen, wirkt sich vorteilhaft auf die Strömung der Verbrennungsgase bei gezündeter Treibladung 76 aus. In diesem Augenblick wirken die Bohrungen 42 und 66 wie eine Drossel, die ein Abströmen der Verbrennungsgase in den Hohlraum zurück erschwert. Da die Abströmkanäle 56 in ihrer Summe eine wesentlich größere Querschnittsfläche aufweisen als die Bohrung 66 bzw. 42, strömen die Verbrennungsgase zum ganz überwiegenden Teil über die Abströmkanäle 56 ab; nahezu der gesamte Verbrennungsgasdruck wird in eine Vorbewegung des Vorschubkolbens 48 umgesetzt.The fact that the bores 42 and 66 have a small diameter has an advantageous effect on the flow of the combustion gases when the propellant charge is ignited 76 out. At this moment, the bores 42 and 66 act as a throttle, which makes it difficult for the combustion gases to flow back into the cavity. Since the total flow channels 56 have a substantially larger cross-sectional area than the bore 66 or 42, the combustion gases flow out for the most part via the flow channels 56; almost the entire combustion gas pressure is converted into a forward movement of the feed piston 48.

Trotz des geringen Querschnitts der die Treibladung 76 bzw. das Anzündplättchen 70 mit dem (Kompressions-) Hohlraum 14 verbindenden Bohrungen 42,66 ist die Energieübertragung bei dem in den Fign. 1 und 2 dargestellten Bolzensetzgerät 10 derart gut, daß das Anzündplättchen 70 zündet. Dies ist auf die Abschwächung des Anzündplättchens 70 im thermisch mechanisch beanspruchten Mittenbereich, d.h. im Bereich der Bohrungen 66,42 und um diese herum zurückzuführen. Die Energieeinleitung ist derart gut, daß auf Friktionsmittel als Zusatzstoffe des Anzündplättchens 70 verzichtet werden kann.In spite of the small cross-section of the bores 42, 66 connecting the propellant charge 76 or the ignition plate 70 to the (compression) cavity 14, the energy transfer in the case of FIGS. 1 and 2 shown bolt-setting device 10 so well that the ignition plate 70 ignites. This is due to the weakening of the ignition plate 70 in the thermally mechanically stressed middle region, i.e. in the area of the holes 66.42 and around them. The energy input is so good that friction agents as additives of the ignition plate 70 can be dispensed with.

Nachfolgend soll anhand von Fig. 3 kurz ein Magazin für Kunststoff-Kartuschen 80 beschrieben werden, das bei einem Bolzensetzgerät eingesetzt werden kann. Das Magazin für die Kartuschen 80 besteht aus einem Kunststoff-Magazinband 82, an dessen einer Fläche kappenartige Kartuschen-Hülsenkörper 84 aus Kunststoff angeordnet sind. Das Magazinband 82 ist auf seiner einen Seite mit geschlossenen hochstehenden Rändern 86 versehen, die einstückig mit dem Magazinband 82 verbunden sind und nach Art eines Kragens von dessen einer Seite abstehen. Die Kragenränder 86 und das Magazinband 82 sind als ein Teil aus Kunststoff gespritzt. In dem von den Kragenrändern 82 umschlossenen Bereichen weist das Magazinband 82 eine ringförmige Ausnehmung 87 auf, in denen Anzündplättchen 88 eingesetzt sind. Die Anzündplättchen 88 weisen dieselbe Gestalt wie das in Fig. 2 dargestellte Anzündplättchen 70 auf. Die Anzündplättchen 88 sind beidseitig mit kegelstumpfartigen Ausnehmungen 89 versehen.A magazine for plastic cartridges 80 which can be used in a bolt-driving tool will be described briefly below with reference to FIG. 3. The magazine for the cartridges 80 consists of a plastic magazine band 82, on one surface of which cap-like cartridge sleeve bodies 84 made of plastic are arranged. The magazine band 82 is provided on one side with closed upstanding edges 86 which are connected in one piece to the magazine band 82 and project from one side in the manner of a collar. The collar edges 86 and the magazine band 82 are injection molded as one part from plastic. In that of the collar edges 82 enclosed areas, the magazine band 82 has an annular recess 87, in which ignition plates 88 are inserted. The ignition plates 88 have the same shape as the ignition plate 70 shown in FIG. 2. The ignition plates 88 are provided on both sides with frustoconical recesses 89.

Auf der Innenseite eines jeden Kragenrandes 86 sind mehrere Rastausnehmungen 90 ausgebildet, in die korrespondierende Umfangsrastvorsprünge 92 an der Außenfläche des kappenförmigen Hülsenkörpers 84 eingreifen. Der Hülsenkörper 84 schnappt über seine Vorsprünge 92 in die Rastausnehmungen 90 ein. Die Ausgestaltung von Rastausnehmung und Umfangsrastvorsprung ist derart, daß ein Abziehen des Hülsenkörpers 84 nahezu ausgeschlossen ist. Auf seiner Innenfläche ist der Hülsenkörper 84 mit einem ringförmigen Wulst 85 versehen, der bei auf dem Magazinband 82 aufgestrecktem Hülsenkörper 84 an dem Anzündplättchen 70 in dessem verdickten Randbereich anliegt und dabei das Anzündplättchen gegen das Magazinband 82 angedrückt hält. Der Hülsenkörper 84 kann auf seiner dem Anzündplättchen 88 zugewandten stirnseitigen Innenfläche Sollbruchstellen aufweisen, die beispielsweise angespritzt oder eingeprägt sein können. An diesen Sollbruchstellen platzt der Hülsenkörper 84 auf, wenn die im Hülsenkörper 84 angeordnete Treibladung 94 zündet.On the inside of each collar edge 86, a plurality of locking recesses 90 are formed, into which corresponding circumferential locking projections 92 engage on the outer surface of the cap-shaped sleeve body 84. The sleeve body 84 snaps into the recesses 90 via its projections 92. The design of the locking recess and peripheral locking projection is such that pulling off the sleeve body 84 is almost impossible. On its inner surface, the sleeve body 84 is provided with an annular bead 85 which, when the sleeve body 84 is stretched out on the magazine band 82, bears against the igniter plate 70 in its thickened edge region and thereby holds the igniter plate pressed against the magazine band 82. The sleeve body 84 can have predetermined breaking points on its front inner surface facing the ignition plate 88, which can be injection molded or stamped on, for example. At these predetermined breaking points, the sleeve body 84 bursts when the propellant charge 94 arranged in the sleeve body 84 ignites.

Der Zusammenbau des Magazins geschieht wie folgt. Zunächst werden die Hülsenkörper 84 mit den Treibladungen 94 gefüllt. Anschließend werden die Anzündplättchen 88 wie Deckel auf die Hülsenkörper 84 aufgesetzt. Die ringförmigen Wülste 85 sind in einem solchen Abstand vom oberen Ende der Hülsenkörper 84 angeordnet, der gleich der Dicke der Anzündplättchen 88 im Randbereich ist. Schließlich wird das Magazinband 82 auf die nebeneinanderliegenden Hülsenkörper 84 aufgesteckt. Bei rastend mit dem Magazinband 82 verbundenen Hülsenkörpern 84 gehen deren Aßenflächen eben in die Außenflächen der zugehörigen Kragenränder 86 über, was durch entsprechendes Anschrägen der Außenflächen der Hülsenkörper 84 und Innenflächen der Kragenränder 86 erzielt wird.The assembly of the magazine is done as follows. First, the sleeve bodies 84 are filled with the propellant charges 94. Then the ignition plates 88 are placed on the sleeve body 84 like covers. The annular beads 85 are at such a distance arranged from the upper end of the sleeve body 84, which is equal to the thickness of the ignition plate 88 in the edge region. Finally, the magazine band 82 is slipped onto the adjacent sleeve bodies 84. When the sleeve bodies 84 are connected to the magazine band 82 in a latching manner, their outer surfaces just merge into the outer surfaces of the associated collar edges 86, which is achieved by correspondingly chamfering the outer surfaces of the sleeve bodies 84 and the inner surfaces of the collar edges 86.

Das in Fig. 3 dargestellte Magazin ist für Bolzenschuß- und -setzgeräte geeignet, bei denen die Kartuschen 80 durch adiabatische Kompression von Luft gezündet werden. Zu diesem Zweck muß beim Betrieb des Gerätes eine Verbindung zwischen dem Kompressionsraum und dem Anzündplättchen 88 geschaffen werden. Aus Sicherheitsgründen und zur Vermeidung von Umwelteinflüssen soll diese Verbindung jedoch erst bei der Komprimierung der Luft erzeugt werden. Hierzu ist bei dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Magazin vorgesehen, daß in das Magazinband 82 im Bereich der Bodenwände 95 der Kartuschen 80 ein Sackloch 96 ausgebildet ist, das eine geringere Tiefe als das Magazinband 82 in seinen Bodenwandbereichen 95 hat. Die so entstehende Kunststoffabdeckung 97 der Sacklöcher 96 bricht infolge des Druckanstiegs bei der Kompression auf, womit die Verbindung zwischen Kompressionsraum und Anzündplättchen 88 über das nun offene Sackloch 96 geschaffen ist. Auf der den kuppenförmigen Hülsenkörpern 84 abgewandten Oberseite 98 des Magazinbands 82 sind pro Sackloch 96 jeweils eine koaxial zu diesem verlaufender Quetschring 99 angeformt, der wie der Quetschring 65 nach Fig. 2 Dichtungsfunktion hat und die Drossel, über die die komprimierte erhitzte Luft zu der Kartusche 84 bzw. den Anzündplättchen 88 gelangt, abdichtet.The magazine shown in Fig. 3 is suitable for nail guns and setting tools in which the cartridges 80 are ignited by adiabatic compression of air. For this purpose, a connection between the compression space and the ignition plate 88 must be created during operation of the device. For safety reasons and to avoid environmental influences, this connection should only be created when the air is compressed. For this purpose, it is provided in the magazine shown in FIG. 3 that a blind hole 96 is formed in the magazine band 82 in the area of the bottom walls 95 of the cartridges 80, which has a smaller depth than the magazine band 82 in its bottom wall areas 95. The resulting plastic cover 97 of the blind holes 96 breaks open as a result of the pressure increase during compression, which creates the connection between the compression space and the ignition plate 88 via the now open blind hole 96. On the top 98 of the magazine band 82 facing away from the dome-shaped sleeve bodies 84, a squeeze ring 99 is formed per blind hole 96, which, like the squeeze ring 65 according to FIG. 2, has a sealing function and the throttle via which the compressed, heated air to the cartridge 84 or the ignition plate 88, seals.

Claims (29)

  1. Device for igniting a propellent charge, particularly for bolt-firing or bolt-setting tools, having
    - a casing (12) in which a cavity (14) is constructed,
    - a piston (16), which is guided slidably in the cavity (14), for compressing gas located in the cavity (14),
    - a chamber (40) which is connected to the cavity via an aperture (42) and in which there is disposed a propellent charge (76) which can be ignited as a result of the compression of gas when the piston (16) is displaced, and
    - at least one flow-off aperture (56) for the flowing-off of the combustion gases out of the chamber (40) when the propellent charge (76) is ignited,
    characterized in that
    - the aperture (42) connecting the cavity (14) and the chamber (40) is constructed as a nozzle having a cross sectional area which is smaller, many times over, than the cavity (14) or the piston (16), and
    - that the nozzle is covered over by a small initiation plate (70) for the propellent charge (76), which plate is disposed in the chamber (40), the thickness of the small initiation plate (70) being smaller in the region of the nozzle and around the latter, than elsewhere.
  2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the small initiation plate (70) extends over the entire cross sectional area of the chamber (40).
  3. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the small initiation plate (70) is devoid of friction means.
  4. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the small initiation plate (70) has a flat surface by which it abuts against the wall (bottom wall 64) separating the chamber (40) and the cavity (14), and that that surface of the small initiation plate (70) which faces away from the flat surface has a recess (72) and is in contact with the propellent charge.
  5. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the small initiation plate (70) has, on both sides, recesses (72) which are preferably of equal depth and centrally disposed, and that the small initiation plate (70) is in contact with the propellent charge (76).
  6. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the thickness of the small initiation plate (70) in the thinned-down region is 1/2 to 1/6 of the maximum thickness of the said plate.
  7. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that there is disposed in the chamber a case body (62) which contains the propellent charge (76) and has, in its bottom wall (64), a bore (66) aligning with the nozzle, and that the small initiation plate (70) is disposed in the case body (62) between the propellent charge (76) and the bottom wall (64).
  8. Device according to Claim 7, characterized in that the small initiation plate (70) is kept in abutment against the bottom wall (64) by an annular bead (75) located on the case body (62).
  9. Device according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the case body (62) consists of plastics material.
  10. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the cavity (14) and the piston (16) each have a cylindrical cross sectional area.
  11. Device according to Claim 10, characterized in that the nozzle is disposed in the end wall of the cylindrical cavity (14).
  12. Device according to Claim 11, characterized in that the end wall has a cone-shaped recess (38) on its inner side, the axis of the cone coinciding with the central axis of the cylindrical cavity (14) and the central axis of the nozzle.
  13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that that end face (24) of the piston (16) which faces towards the nozzle is of complementary construction to the conical recess (38) in the cavity (14).
  14. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the piston has a peg (26) for insertion in the nozzle.
  15. Cartridge, particularly for bolt-firing or boltsetting tools, having
    - a case body (62) which has a closed bottom wall (64),
    - a propellent charge (76) accommodated in the case body (62), and
    - a cover (68) for the propellent charge on that side which faces away from the bottom wall (64),
    characterized in that
       - there is constructed, in the bottom wall (64) of the case body (62), a bore (66) which is covered over by a small initiation plate (70) which is disposed in the case body (62) and can be ignited by heat as a result of the compression of gas and the thickness of which, in the region of the bore (66) and around the latter, is smaller than elsewhere.
  16. Cartridge according to Claim 15, characterized in that the thickness of the small initiation plate (70) in the thinned-down region amounts to 1/2 to 1/6 of its thickness elsewhere.
  17. Cartridge according to Claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the small initiation plate (70) extends over the entire internal cross sectional area of the case body (62).
  18. Cartridge according to one of Claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the small initiation plate (70) is flat on its side which faces towards the bottom wall (64), and has a recess (72) on its side which faces towards the cover (68), or that the small initiation plate (70) is provided, on each of its two sides, with a recess (72), the recesses being of preferably equal depth.
  19. Cartridge according to one of Claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the small initiation plate (70) is held in its position in the case body (62) by an annular bead (75).
  20. Cartridge according to one of Claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the case body (62) consists of plastics material.
  21. Magazine for cartridges ignited by adiabatic compression, particularly for bolt-firing or bolt-setting tools, wherein a magazine belt (82) is provided which connects the cartridges (80) to one another and forms the bottom walls (95) thereof, the magazine belt (82) having at least one predetermined breaking point (cover 97) in the region of the bottom walls (95) of the cartridges (80),
    characterized in that
    the magazine belt (82) is of plastics material, that one small initiation plate (88) per cartridge (80) is provided for igniting a propellent charge (94) disposed in the cartridge (80), which small initiation plate (88) is disposed on the magazine belt (82) in the region of the bottom wall (95) of the cartridge (80), and that the small initiation plate (88) is thinner in the region of the predetermined breaking point (cover 97) than elsewhere, and the cartridges (80) are ignited as a result of adiabatic compression.
  22. Magazine according to Claim 21, characterized in that the thickness of the small initiation plate (88) in the thinned-down region amounts to 1/2 to 1/6 of the maximum thickness of the said plate.
  23. Magazine according to Claim 21 or 22, characterized in that each cartridge (80) has a cap-like case body (84) attached to the magazine belt (82).
  24. Magazine according to Claim 23, characterized in that the case body (84) has at least one further predetermined breaking point.
  25. Magazine according to Claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the case bodies (84) are connected to the magazine belt (82) in one piece.
  26. Magazine according to Claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the case bodies (84) are connected via notches to the magazine belt (82).
  27. Magazine according to Claim 26, characterized in that the magazine belt (82) has closed, upwardly projecting collar edges (86) located side by side, which are provided on their inner surfaces with peripheral notching grooves (90) in which notching noses (92) constructed on the case bodies (84) are inserted.
  28. Magazine according to Claim 27, characterized in that the small initiation plates (88) are enclosed by the collar edges (86) and are kept pressed against the magazine belt (82) by annular surfaces, on the end face side, on the case bodies (84) which are connected via notches to the collar edges (86).
  29. Magazine according to one of Claims 21 to 28, characterized in that the case bodies (84) consist of plastics material.
EP91120831A 1990-12-07 1991-12-04 Ignition device for propellant charge; cartridge and magazine for adiabatically ignitable cartridges, especially for nailing tools Expired - Lifetime EP0490252B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4039069 1990-12-07
DE4039069 1990-12-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0490252A2 EP0490252A2 (en) 1992-06-17
EP0490252A3 EP0490252A3 (en) 1993-03-03
EP0490252B1 true EP0490252B1 (en) 1995-05-17

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91120831A Expired - Lifetime EP0490252B1 (en) 1990-12-07 1991-12-04 Ignition device for propellant charge; cartridge and magazine for adiabatically ignitable cartridges, especially for nailing tools

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US (3) US5216200A (en)
EP (1) EP0490252B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05208382A (en)
DE (2) DE4140020A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5216200A (en) 1993-06-01
EP0490252A3 (en) 1993-03-03
DE4140020A1 (en) 1992-06-11
JPH05208382A (en) 1993-08-20
US5471903A (en) 1995-12-05
DE59105519D1 (en) 1995-06-22
EP0490252A2 (en) 1992-06-17
US5355766A (en) 1994-10-18

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