EP0490072A2 - Shotgun, particularly a double barrelled gun for trap-or skeetshooting - Google Patents

Abstract

In a method for reducing the muzzle sound in firearms, in particular shotguns with at least one barrel, in which the projectile already reaches its end speed before the barrel muzzle, and a corresponding firearm, propellant gas is drawn off as of the projectile end speed being reached. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a method for reducing the muzzle blast of firearms according to the preamble of claim 1 and a firearm, in particular a shotgun according to the preamble of claim 3.

In many firearms, the projectile, for example a shotgun load, reaches its top speed before the pipe muzzle. You can assign an acceleration section and a guide section to the pipe. In the acceleration section, the propellant charge accelerates the projectile to its final speed, the guide section serves to further stabilize the direction of the projectile. In the guide section there is therefore no, or at least no significant increase in the speed of the projectile.

Such internal balancing conditions exist in particular for shotguns that are used for hunting and Target shooting can be used.

Depending on the intended use, such shotguns have special design features, e.g. the formation of a choke hole, also different pipe lengths, i.e. the guide section is longer or shorter depending on the desired spreading of the shot.

A shotgun for forest hunting or for skeet shooting is designed to develop a relatively high spread, while a shotgun for field hunting or trap shooting must be designed so that the shot yarrow holds together as closely as possible. Therefore, the guide sections of the shotguns are long according to their preferred use. The acceleration section of the tubes is approximately the same length in both types of shotguns.

"A shot is often perceived as annoying because it is associated with noise", which is why it e.g. It is quite common on clay pigeon shooting ranges to wear hearing protection. However, since shooting takes place in a wide variety of directions and at considerable elevation angles, it is hardly possible to take structural precautions against sound pollution in the environment. The firing sound during clay pigeon shooting is thus still perceived at a relatively large distance from the shooting range.

It has already been proposed to provide conventional and commercially available shotguns with a silencer. Such a muffler is usually formed by an expansion housing, which is arranged in front of the mouth of a tube and essentially coaxially with it. The propellant gas generated by the combustion of the propellant charge is collected immediately after leaving the mouth. Depending on the construction of the muffler, the expansion bang is more or less reduced.

However, such silencers also have disadvantages:
They are usually only suitable for single-barrel weapons. Insofar as these are multi-shot, as is often required for sporting purposes, a silencer can only be used in connection with a repeating or self-loading shotgun. Such weapons are not widely used in sport shooting. Double shotguns, especially over-and-under shotguns, are used more than repeating or self-loading shotguns. Each of the two pipes can be given its own special scattering by means of a different choke hole at the mouth.

Silencers that extend beyond the muzzle of the weapon also have the disadvantage that when damaged or incorrectly installed, parts of the projectile or the shot load graze on devices of the silencer and can thereby be deflected, causing destruction or damage to the silencer to calculate.

In addition, the center of gravity of the shotgun shifts forward due to the muffler located in front of the muzzle. This makes it more difficult to resonate with a cross-flying target, which means a considerable disadvantage especially for skeet and trap shooting.

Finally, the muffler placed on the tube changes the sight position of the rifle due to its diameter, insofar as it is suitable at all for wearing any sight. Serious sporting shooting is greatly affected by this.

From DE-PS 31 31 265 it is known to have cross holes for discharging propellant gases already in the acceleration section of the barrel or barrel of a handgun to provide. When using conventional ammunition, the final speed of the projectiles can be reduced, for example to an area below the supersonic speed. This will avoid a bullet bang. However, the firepower is also reduced.

The invention aims to reduce the disadvantages described above.

This aim is achieved in a generic method by the characterizing features of claim 1 and in a generic firearm by the characterizing features of claim 3.

According to the invention, propellant gas is not discharged until the final floor speed has been reached. The means for discharging propellant gas are designed and / or arranged in such a way that they permit the propellant gas to be discharged only within the time interval which essentially lies between reaching the final bullet speed and the bullet exit from the muzzle. The speed of the bullet, e.g. the shot load is not reduced; the firepower remains. Instead of a single expansion bang, at least two less intensive, temporally staggered expansion noises are generated.

A first propellant gas is preferably discharged at or immediately after the final velocity of the projectile has been reached. As a result, the propellant gas can be drained quickly and quickly. The cooling caused by the expansion of the derived propellant gas therefore begins early.

The means preferably have one or more opening (s) which are guided through the tube wall and are preferably elongate in the longitudinal direction of the tube, such that the Do not let the opening (s) leak the propellant gas until the final floor speed is reached. Such openings offer direct discharge of the propellant gas. The preferred elongated configuration of the openings enables a sufficiently large amount of gas to pass through, whereby eddy formation at the edges of the openings can be reduced. A larger amount of gas can also be discharged through such longitudinal slots than can be achieved by bores of circular cross section lying one behind the other. The openings are preferably inclined to the tube center axis or have small deflection devices on their outside. As a result, the warm propellant gas emerging from the pipe is deflected forward.

The opening (s) is / are preferably arranged in the tube section in which the projectile moves at its final speed, hereinafter referred to as the guide section. This almost automatically ensures that the propellant gas is discharged exactly at the desired time.

At least one opening is preferably arranged in the part of the guide section facing the acceleration section of the tube, particularly preferably at the border between the acceleration section and the guide section.

At least one opening can preferably be resized. As a result, the opening cross section and thus the amount of propellant gas escaping per unit of time can be conveniently controlled. Overall, this can optimize the gas discharge.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the means for deriving propellant gas have a preferably electronic and / or inertia-actuated timing element, which allows the propellant gas to escape from the pipe within a predetermined time interval after the ignition point releases the propellant charge. This time interval corresponds to the duration of the projectile's acceleration phase. This time control element thus enables the timely derivation of the propellant gas to be controlled independently of the location of any propellant gas openings, for example to adapt it to different ammunition. The arrangement of the openings in the tube-assignable functional sections (acceleration / guide section) becomes secondary. In this case, at least one opening is preferably arranged in the acceleration section of the tube and has a controllable closing element connected to the time control element. The propellant gas is removed as far as possible from the mouth of the pipe, ie as far back as possible. The known impairments when the propellant gas escapes in the front tube area, in particular in the mouth area, are thereby avoided.

If the firearm has a plurality of propellant gas openings, these are preferably arranged one behind the other in the circumferential direction of the tube and / or in the longitudinal direction thereof, and in the latter case preferably have a cross section which becomes smaller in the direction of the mouth. The propellant to be discharged is initially offered openings with a large cross section. It is therefore derived and relaxed with a larger amount. The smaller openings (in the direction of flow) that follow are only supplied with pre-expanded propellant gas. This counteracts an undesirable nozzle effect of the openings. A supersonic flow dependent on the cross section of the nozzle openings and on the pressure gradient can be prevented in this way. At the same time, the large openings have the advantage that possible dirt deposits or corrosion at the opening edges do not cause any significant changes in the cross-sectional size and thus their effectiveness.

In the case of a firearm with two adjacent tubes, each of the two tubes preferably has at least one Pipe wall opening, these openings being interconnected. As a result, the gases emerging from the pipe just fired can be introduced into the other pipe. Since this barrel is usually a large-caliber shotgun barrel, its interior also acts as a spacious expansion space. The openings are preferably connected to one another via a valve which can be actuated as a function of the pipe usage. This controls the respective pipe according to its function. External control is also possible.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the device for reducing the muzzle blast has at least one expansion space, into which the propellant gas discharge means open. The expansion space at least partially surrounds one or more pipes and extends at least over part of the pipe length. The amount of heat contained in the derived propellant gas is not released directly to the outside. The risk of burns due to accidental contact with these openings is thus averted; likewise a streak formation caused by the propellant gas and an associated impairment when sighting. The use of at least one additional expansion space serves to pre-relax the propellant gases before they are released into the environment. With the exception of the opening (s), the expansion space is particularly preferably closed on all sides. Thus, the propellant gas accumulated in the expansion space will flow back into the tube after the shot, since there is a pressure drop from the expansion space to the tube after the shot. The tube just fired, like any other tube connected to the expansion space, serves as a post-expansion space. Overall, the expansion of the propellant gases is extended over time, which naturally reduces the expansion bang.

If the opening in the pipe opens into an expansion space, the length of longitudinal slots must be limited. In this case, unburned gunpowder particles entrained in the propellant should not be discharged through the openings, but should remain in the guide section of the tube, if possible, in order to prevent gunpowder from accumulating in the expansion space. Pollution of the expansion space with gun powder would be known to reduce its effectiveness.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the expansion space extends only to the pipe mouth, so that the firearm does not have an increased overall length.

In order to achieve a further extension of the propellant gas expansion, according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, means for reducing the pressure and / or for slowing the outflow of compressed gas are provided in the expansion space. It is possible to convert the kinetic energy inherent in the compressed gas into potential energy for a short time, for example by means of resilient mechanical elements. As a result of a phase shift, the outflow of the compressed gas from the expansion space is then delayed. It is also possible to convert part of the energy inherent in it into heat by using springy materials with hysteresis or by swirling the compressed gas. Check valves can also be provided at the openings in order to inhibit or slow down the backflow of the compressed gas. All of these measures can be used individually or in combination, provided that the pollution, heating or wear of the equipment to be provided in the expansion room does not exceed an admissible level.

The outflow of propellant gas from the expansion space can be slowed down particularly easily by the fact that the Expansion space is divided into at least two chambers by at least one, preferably flowable partition. In this way, in the case of a plurality of openings arranged one behind the other, a pressure wave is prevented in the expansion space at a close distance behind the shot yarrow, which impedes the escape of propellant gas through the openings. In the case of two propellant gas openings, the openings particularly preferably open into different chambers. In the case of a firearm with several tubes, it is fundamentally possible to assign each tube its own expansion space, for example in that the two tubes are directly connected through the propellant gas openings. When using an additional expansion space, however, it is advantageous to provide this for all pipes at the same time. If the openings of two pipes each open into the same expansion space or into the same chamber of this expansion space, this expansion space is enlarged when a tube is fired around the interior of the tube that is not being fired. At least one expansion space is particularly preferably arranged between the mutually connected openings of two pipes. This expansion space delays the pressure equalization from the pipe that has just been bombarded into the pipe that has not been bombarded.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least one opening is provided with a device for reducing the backflow of compressed gas and / or a device for adjusting the flow cross section and / or a device for gas deflection. As a device for reducing the backflow, a resilient steel tongue that bears against it and is fixed on one side can be provided on the outside of the openings. This hinders and slows down the backflow of the compressed gas from the expansion space. A union nut screwed onto the outside of the tube can be used as a device for adjusting the flow cross section. Due to their axial position, longitudinal slots in the tube can do more or less are covered. As a result, the muzzle velocity, the noise and the shot accuracy can be optimized depending on the cartridge used in each case. This is necessary, for example, with magnum cartridges, in which the acceleration section can be longer than with standard ammunition. With the help of the union nut, the required opening group can be released or closed in a simple manner.

The expansion space particularly preferably has an outer wall that conducts heat much less well than a steel wall. In this way, annoyances of the shooter are avoided if the shooter accidentally touches the heated surface of the expansion space after a long series of shots. At the same time, streak formation is avoided, which makes aiming considerably more difficult, especially when trap shooting.

Attempts to overcome this disadvantage have so far been made with trap shotguns by placing a perforated "ventilated" running rail on the upper barrel and producing a considerable height difference between the line of sight and the running surface. This leads to a correspondingly large difference in height between the line of sight and the core axis of the tube. As is known, the line of sight is physiologically fixed when the firearm is on.

The expansion space particularly preferably surrounds the upper side of the tube (s) and a sighting device having a running rail is integrated into its own upper side. Streak formation is avoided by using a heat-insulating material. The outer surface of the expansion space no longer heats up to the same extent as the outer surface of the tube, so that the outer surface of the expansion space can be brought up to the line of sight. So much for the running track Plastic consists or is coated with hot melt adhesive, it can advantageously be ironed onto the top of the wall of the expansion space. Despite the use of a voluminous expansion space, the firearm according to the invention therefore has the same assignment of core axes of the tube to the line of sight as the sports shooter is used to from conventional trap shotguns.

In principle, it is possible to lead the expansion space only up to the forearm of a shotgun. However, the underside of the expansion space preferably extends into a fore-end, so that the fore-end practically only surrounds the expansion space like a thin wall. More preferably, the fore-end is replaced by the wall of the expansion space, which is designed accordingly. According to a further preferred embodiment, the underside of the expansion space has on its outside a device for secure gripping, preferably a fish skin, a scoring or a corrugation. This makes it easier to grip the shaft. The surface of the expansion space can also be glued in the area corresponding to the fore-end with leather or a non-slip sheet material or a corresponding coating can be applied. This makes it difficult to slide the firearm in your hand.

Since, according to a preferred embodiment mentioned above, the wall of the expansion space is designed in such a way that it forms a poor heat conductor, it is readily possible to hold this wall by hand, even if the tubes have heated up considerably even after a long series of shots should. At most, a shooter who sees a malfunction in the slight warming of the hand of the expansion space can avoid this malfunction by means of a coating or a glued-on material or leathering of the type mentioned above.

The wall of the expansion space preferably has a plastic, particularly preferably a composite material, more preferably polycarbonate. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the plastic in the wall of the expansion space is reinforced with fibers, in particular glass or carbon fibers. The wall of the expansion space preferably has a matrix wound from fibers. This fiber matrix can be wound on a core, which can either be removed after the winding, the impregnation of the winding with plastic and hardening of the plastic, or is formed and remains, for example, from thin sheet metal. Despite its low weight, such a winding body is able to withstand the high internal pressures which can occur briefly due to the propellant gas introduced into the expansion space, without deformation or damage.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least the wall of the expansion space is designed to be removable from the pipe or pipes. This means that cleaning and inspection can be carried out using simple means.

The firearms according to the invention can also be launchers, in particular for tear gas grenades, devices for firing signal ammunition and lines or rifles for firing hard rubber bullets or injection syringes. In the case of a plurality of tubes arranged one above the other and / or next to one another, not all tubes have to have the internal balancing conditions required in accordance with the species. It is possible, for example, to further develop the shotgun or shotguns according to the invention in the case of a rifle-type shotgun or a triplet, the expansion space surrounding the shotgun or shotguns being sealed by the shotgun.

The invention particularly preferably relates to a double-barreled shotgun, such as for trap or skeet shooting is used. Such firearms are characterized by two superposed or juxtaposed shotguns, which are pivotally mounted in a system box about a horizontal transverse axis. The system box of the preferred weapon has, as is usual with double-barreled shotguns, a butt plate which is offset to the rear relative to the pivot axis of the tubes and extends vertically and transversely to the longitudinal axis of the tubes.

The two tubes, which are fastened to one another with their end on the butt-end, extend parallel to one another. Already at the front end of the system box they are at a mutual distance.

To stabilize the mutual position of the tubes, they are attached to each other, as is usual with double-barreled shotguns. According to the invention, for the purpose of this attachment after the system box and at the mouth, an approximately oval end wall penetrated by the tubes is firmly attached to the tubes. The front end wall is preferably smaller or the same size as the rear end wall, but can preferably also be the same size.

A tubular sheath is slipped over the tubes which forms the wall of the expansion body and is dimensioned such that it engages in sealing engagement with the front and rear end walls and is held tight or sits tightly on the end walls. The tubular casing thus surrounds the two pipes from the mouth to the system box at a distance and extends from the top of the system box to the back of the (upper) pipe (s). At its end, the tubular casing closes tightly. The tubular casing is thus designed such that it surrounds all those parts of the two tubes of a double shotgun that are not covered by the system box. Only the muzzle side Transverse surface of the tubes is visible in the double shotgun according to the invention when the shotgun bolt is closed. The expansion space is thus sealed off from the outside by the front and rear end walls and the tubular casing and is connected to the interior thereof via the openings in both pipes.

The end walls particularly preferably each have a circumferential groove, into which a sealing ring is inserted, the tubular casing being in sealing engagement with the sealing rings.

In a further preferred embodiment, the two pipes each have two groups of openings lying axially one behind the other, with a partition dividing the expansion space into two chambers, extending radially to the pipes and being fastened to them, being arranged between the groups.

Particularly preferably, the tubular casing runs approximately parallel to the tube axis, especially in the upper area, but widens to form a hand rest on its underside adjacent to the system box and is designed and provided on its outside with an arrangement for improving the grip, preferably a fish skin.

The tubular jacket is pivotable and attached to the tubes, but can be pulled forward after unlocking them to allow cleaning of the outside of the tubes and the inside of the tubular jacket. At the top of the tubular casing, a preferably exchangeable shotgun grain is attached to the mouth. The top of the tubular casing is structured accordingly to form a running rail. It is also possible to have a separate one Iron on the running rail on this top. The tubular sheathing itself is wound from carbon fibers that are impregnated with polycarbonate.

The double-barreled shotgun thus created has the same weight as a conventional double-barreled shotgun, assuming that the weight of the tubular casing corresponds approximately to that of a wooden forearm. The center of gravity of the double-barreled shotgun according to the invention is at most insignificantly changed compared to that of a conventional double-barreled shotgun. The position of the sight line and the core axes of the tubes as well as the grip area of the forearm corresponds exactly to the corresponding dimensions of a conventional double-barreled shotgun.

A fore-end can also be indicated by appropriate coloring of the outer surface of the tubular casing or by placing a correspondingly shaped spot at the point of the fore-end. In this respect, the double-barreled shotgun according to the invention differs only insignificantly from a conventional double-barreled shotgun.

The object of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments and the attached schematic drawings.

Fig. 1

eine schematische, teilweise geschnittene Längs-Teilansicht durch die zwei Läufe einer erfindungsgemäßen Bockdoppelflinte;

Fig. 2

den Schnitt III-III in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3a bis 3c

drei unterschiedliche Ausführungsformen des Schnittes III-III in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4

die Gesamtseitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Bockdoppelflinte;

Fig. 5

die Frontansicht der Bockdoppelflinte der Fig. 4, in gegenüber dieser vergrößertem Maßstab;

Fig. 6

im Vergleich zu Fig. 5 die Frontansicht einer herkömmlichen Trap- Bockdoppelflinte;

Fig. 7

eine schematische, teilweise geschnittene Längs-Teilansicht der Ummantelung; und

Fig. 8

eine schematische Ansicht einer Waffe mit abgenommener Ummantelung.

This shows in:

Fig. 1

is a schematic, partially sectioned longitudinal partial view through the two barrels of a double-barreled shotgun according to the invention;

Fig. 2

the section III-III in Fig. 1;

3a to 3c

three different embodiments of the section III-III in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4

the overall side view of an inventive Over-and-under shotgun;

Fig. 5

the front view of the shotgun of Figure 4, in relation to this on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 6

compared to Figure 5, the front view of a conventional trap-type shotgun;

Fig. 7

is a schematic, partially sectioned longitudinal partial view of the casing; and

Fig. 8

a schematic view of a weapon with the casing removed.

The terms used in this application, such as "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", refer to a horizontally oriented weapon that is in the correct firing position.

"Front" is the muzzle side, "rear" the side of the butt stock; In the case of the double-barreled shotgun shown, the tube carrying the sight rail forms the "upper" tube, while the tube close to the trigger forms the "lower" tube.

In Fig. 1, the pair of tubes of a shotgun is shown schematically, with an upper tube 1 and a lower tube 2. The two tubes are firmly connected to one another, as indicated in Fig. 1.

The upper tube 1 is shown shortly after the shot, with a shot cup containing a shot load 3, which moves in the direction of the arrow towards the mouth.

The two tubes 1 and 2 are each provided with openings 4. The openings 4 of the upper tube 1 face the openings 4 of the lower tube 2 and are connected to them.

The rearmost of the openings 4 which follow one another in the longitudinal direction of the tubes 1 and 2 is arranged at a position at which the by burning off the propellant charge generated gas pressure has dropped so far that it causes essentially no further acceleration of the shot load 3.

As can be seen, propellant gas flows behind the shot load 3, after passing through the rearmost of the openings 4, through the opening 4 of the upper tube 1 that has just been fired into the lower tube 2 that has not been fired there. Corresponding to the number of openings 4 lying one behind the other, a sequence of partial expansions takes place in succession in the lower tube 2. This gradually increases the pressure in the lower pipe. The remaining pressure in the upper pipe expands to the environment after the shot load 3 has left the upper pipe 1. This latter expansion takes place after the expansion of the propellant gas through the openings 4. Furthermore, there is an expansion at the mouth of the tube 2 which is offset in time from the expansion at the mouth of the tube 1.

During the expansion, there is a pressure drop towards the surroundings at the mouth of both the tube 1 and the tube 2. This is lower than the pressure drop that occurs in a conventional pipe which is designed without a lateral opening throughout. This results in a significant reduction in the expansion bang.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3c, a block 5 can be arranged between the two tubes 1 and 2. Through the block 5 4 central channels run in the area of the holes, which correspond to the holes 4. The diameter of the channels can be the same size or larger than that of the bores 4. The block 5 also serves for the fixed connection of the two pipes 1, 2.

As shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, it is also possible to arrange the bores 4 off-center. It is between two mutually opposite bores or openings 4 of the two tubes each have their own expansion space 6 (FIG. 3b) or a common expansion space 6 (FIG. 3a) for all openings 4.

In Fig. 2, a blocking slide 4a between the two tubes 1 and 2 is arranged so that the openings 4 can be closed with its help.

These expansion spaces 6 allow pressure to be reduced over an extended period of time and thus contribute to reducing the expansion bang. Compared to conventional systems, this enables pressure reduction to be reduced in time.

3a to c, the gas flow through the openings 4 is identified by arrows.

4 shows the overall view of a double-barreled shotgun, with an upper tube 1 and a lower tube 2. Each tube has two groups 4 of openings 4 arranged one behind the other. The openings 4 are arranged in the mutually facing surface sections of the tubes and are designed as elongated holes which extend in the longitudinal direction of the tube. The front opening group preferably has smaller openings 4 than the rear opening group.

The shotgun shown has a butt stock 7, on the front of which a system box 8 is attached. On its rear side, the system box 8 has a vertical butt plate 9, which extends transversely to the tubes 1, 2.

The two tubes 1, 2 are mounted in the system box 8 so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis 10 fixedly attached there. A lower cover 11 can be locked with respect to the tubes 1, 2 and limits its swivel range in such a way that they do not disengage from the pivot axis 10. With regard to the holding of the tubes 1 and 2, the cover 11 performs the function of the forearm of a conventional shotgun.

The cover 11 can be folded against the two tubes 1, 2 in the direction of the arrow 21. Then it snaps firmly against it and can then be pivoted together with it after releasing a lock, not shown here.

A mouth-side end wall 12 and an end wall 13 adjoining the system box 8 are formed on the outside of the tubes 1, 2. They extend in the manner of a circumferential flange radially to the two tubes 1, 2, are penetrated by them in a sealing manner and are each fixedly attached to these tubes 1, 2. If the contour of the front end wall 12 is projected in the direction of the two tubes 1, 2 onto the rear end wall 13, the contour of the rear end wall 15 is not overlapped and preferably also not touched. The front end wall 12 is therefore smaller than the rear end wall 13.

A circumferential groove in each end wall 12, 13 receives a sealing ring 14, which projects beyond the outer contour of the circumferential groove.

Furthermore, an intermediate wall 15 is attached between the two groups of openings 4 on the circumferential surface of the tubes 1, 2.

Finally, a tubular casing 16 is pushed onto the two pipes 1, 2 from the front, ie in the direction of arrow 19. In the pushed-on state, this casing 16 lies with its inner surface sealingly against the two sealing rings 14 or preferably presses them together to such an extent that they also bear against the peripheral surface of the two end walls 12, 13. Further For example, the inner surface of the tubular jacket 16 may abut the partition 15.

The casing 16 has a curvature 17 on its underside in front of the system box 8. This has the shape of a conventional forearm and is provided with a fish skin 18 on its outer surface.

The sheath 16 pushed onto the pipes 1, 2 is locked in place with respect to the pipes 1, 2 by latching a holding device.

The casing 16 is extended to the rear to the butt plate 9 so that it forms a flush with the system box 8 and the cover 11 (in its closed state).

The top of the casing 16 is designed as a rail 20.

The sheath 16 is wound from carbon fibers, preferably on a thin sheet steel core; the carbon fibers are saturated with polycarbonate. The outer surface of the casing 16 is matt or glossy black, and the area 17 forming the handle can be contrasted in color. Such a casing is shown in Fig. 7. 8 shows a weapon with the casing 16 removed. Guides 21 are arranged on the outer circumference of the tubes 1 and 2. The casing 16 is locked with the aid of a lock 22 arranged in the lower region of one of the guides 21. The lock 22 is preferably spring-loaded.

FIG. 5 shows a front view of the shotgun shown in FIG. 4. Thereafter, the sheath 16 is shaped such that it does not extend from the front end wall 12 to form the curved section 17 corresponding to a fore-end into the (from the front) recognizable) system box 8 passes.

Fig. 6 shows the front view of a conventional over-and-under shotgun. A ventilated running rail 20 'is placed on the upper tube 1' at a relatively large distance. The large distance serves to avoid air streaks. Air streaks interfere with sighting and are known to arise from heating the tube 1 '.

A fore-end 17 ′ is attached to the underside of the tube 2 ′ and abuts the system box 8.

As a comparison of FIGS. 5 and 6 shows, the opposing over-and-under shotguns are practically identical in their essential dimensions (position and size of the forearm 17, position of the axes of the tubes 1, 2 and position of the running rail 20).

Claims (32)

Method for reducing the muzzle blast of firearms, in particular shotguns, with at least one tube (1, 2) in which the projectile (3) reaches its final speed before the tube muzzle,
marked by
the discharge of propellant gas after reaching the final floor speed. A method according to claim 1, characterized by a first propellant gas discharge at or immediately after reaching the final bullet speed. Firearm, especially shotgun with: a) at least one pipe (4) in which the projectile (3) reaches its final speed before the pipe mouth and b) a device for reducing the muzzle blast, characterized in that c) the device has means for discharging propellant gas from reaching the final floor speed. Firearm according to claim 3, characterized in that the means have one or more opening (s) (4) which are guided through the tube wall and preferably elongate in the longitudinal direction of the tube, such that the opening (s) (4) only after reaching the storey Let the top speed of the propellant gas escape. Firearm according to Claim 4, characterized by the arrangement of the opening (s) (4) in the tube section in which the projectile (3) moves at its final speed, in the following guide section. Firearm according to Claim 5, characterized by at least one opening (4) in the part of the guide section facing the acceleration section of the tube (1, 2), preferably at the border between the acceleration section and guide section. Firearm according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that at least one opening can be resized. Firearm according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the means for the discharge of propellant gas have a preferably electronic and / or inertia-actuated timing element which releases the escape of propellant gas from the tube (1, 2) within a predetermined time interval after the ignition point of the propellant charge . Firearm according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that at least one opening is arranged in the acceleration section of the tube (1, 2) and has a controllable locking member connected to the time control element. Firearm according to one of claims 3 to 8 with a plurality of openings (4), characterized in that the openings (4) lie one behind the other in the circumferential direction of the tube (1, 2) and / or in the longitudinal direction thereof and in the latter case preferably smaller in the direction of the mouth will have cross-section. Firearm according to one of Claims 3 to 10, with at least two adjacent tubes (1, 2), characterized in that the two tubes (1, 2) each have at least one tube wall opening (4) and these openings (4) are connected to one another. Firearm according to Claim 11, characterized in that the openings (4) are connected to one another via a valve which can be actuated as a function of the use of the tube. Firearm according to one of Claims 3 to 12, characterized in that the device for reducing the muzzle blast has at least one expansion space (6) into which the means for discharging propellant gas open, and the expansion space (6) has one or more tubes (1, 2) at least partially surrounds and extends at least over part of the tube length. Firearm according to claim 13, characterized in that the expansion space (6) with the exception of the opening (s) (4) is closed on all sides. Firearm according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the expansion space (6) extends only to the pipe mouth. Firearm according to one of Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that means for reducing the pressure and / or for prolonging the outflow of compressed gas are provided in the expansion space (6). Firearm according to one of Claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the expansion space (6) is divided into at least two chambers by at least one partition (15) which can preferably flow around. Firearm according to Claim 17, with at least two propellant gas openings (4), characterized in that the two openings (4) open into different chambers. Firearm according to Claim 11 and according to one of Claims 13 to 18, characterized in that the at least one expansion space (6) is arranged between the interconnected openings (4) of two tubes (1, 2). Firearm according to one of claims 3 to 19, characterized in that at least one opening (4) is provided with a device for reducing the backflow of compressed gas and / or a device for adjusting the flow cross section and / or a device for gas deflection. Firearm according to one of Claims 13 to 20, characterized in that the expansion space (6) has an outer wall (16) which conducts heat much more poorly than a steel wall. Firearm according to Claim 21, characterized in that the expansion space (6) surrounds the upper side of the tube (s) (1, 2) and a sighting device having a running rail is integrated into its own upper side. Firearm according to Claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the underside of the expansion space (6) extends into a fore-end and preferably replaces it with a shape (17). Firearm according to Claim 23, characterized in that the underside of the expansion space (6) has on its outside a device for secure gripping, preferably a fish skin (18), scoring or corrugation. Firearm according to one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that the wall (16) of the expansion space (6) has a plastic, preferably a composite material. Firearm according to claim 25, characterized in that the plastic in the wall of the expansion space (6) is reinforced with fibers, preferably glass or carbon fibers. Firearm according to Claim 26, characterized in that the wall (16) of the expansion space (6) has a matrix wound from fibers. Firearm according to one of Claims 13 to 27, characterized in that at least the wall (16) of the expansion space (6) is designed to be removable from the tube or the tubes (1, 2). Firearm, namely double-barreled shotgun, preferably for trap or skeet shooting, with a system box (8), into which the tubes (1, 2) are inserted, and which has a recessed butt plate (9) according to one of Claims 13 to 29, characterized in that - The expansion space (6) at the mouth and immediately in front of the system box (8) has an end wall (12, 13) fixed to the pipes (1, 2), - The wall of the expansion space (6) as a from the front on the tubes (1, 2) pushed, tubular casing (16) is formed and with the end walls (12, 13) is in sealing engagement, and - The casing (16) extends on the top of the tubes (1, 2) or the upper tube (1) to the butt plate (9) and there lies closely against the tubes (1, 2). Firearm according to claim 29, characterized in that the end walls (12, 13) each have a circumferential groove into which a sealing ring is inserted, and the casing (16) is in sealing engagement with the sealing rings (14). Firearm according to Claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the two tubes (1, 2) each have two groups of openings (4) lying axially one behind the other, and between the two groups a partition which divides the expansion space (6) into two chambers, is arranged radially to the tubes (1, 2) extending and attached to this partition (15). Firearm according to one of claims 29 to 31, characterized in that the sheath (16), especially in the upper region, is approximately parallel to the Pipe axis runs, but widens substantially adjacent to the system box (8) at least on its underside to form a manual system (17) and is designed and provided on its outside with an arrangement for improving the grip, preferably a fish skin (18) .

Images