EP0487673A1 - New xanthine derivatives - Google Patents

Abstract

New xanthine derivatives having the formula (I), their production process and their use as medicaments.

Description

 New xanthine derivatives

The invention relates to new xanthine derivatives, processes for their preparation and their use as

 Drug.

The new compounds correspond to the general formula I.

wherein

R ¹

an alkyl group with 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4

Carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms or an alkynyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms;

R ²

an alkyl group with 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4

Carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms or an alkynyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms;

R ³

an N-linked optionally substituted saturated or unsaturated 5-, 6- or 7-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle, which as a further

Heteroatoms oxygen, sulfur and / or one substituted nitrogen, preferred

NC ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, may contain, the

Heterocycle can carry one of the following radicals, C ₁ to C ₆ , preferably C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl,

OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ ; = O, - (CH ₂ ) _1-4 OR ⁴ ,

- (CH ₂ ) _{1 4} OR ⁷ ;

R ^{3 is} a monosaccharide, preferably a radical of

 formula

 wherein

R = H, alkyl, OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ , CH ₂ OR ⁴ ,

CH ₂ OR ⁷ , = 0,

A - O, S, CH ₂ , NC ₁ -C ₆ alkyl,

 n, m = 1, 2, 3, 4 and n + m = 3, 4, 5 mean optionally substituted

Tetrahydrofuran or tetrahydropyran ring with one, preferably several radicals from the group OR ⁴ , preferably OH, OR ⁷ , (CH ₂ ) _{1 4} OR ⁴

or (CH ₂ ) _1-4 OR ⁷ , preferably CH ₂ OH;

R ^{3 is} an optionally substituted C ₄ -C ₈ , preferably C ₅ or C ₆ cycloalkane,

 Cycloalkanone or cycloalkanol radical,

optionally substituted one or more times by C ₁ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl,

C ₃ - C ₆ , preferably C ₃ or C ₄ alkenyl,

C ₃ - C ₈ -, preferably C ₃ - or C ₄ -alkynyl,

C ₁ -C ₄ alkylidene, phenyl, substituted

Phenyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, NR ⁵ R ⁶ , COO R ⁴ , CON R ⁵ R ⁶ , OR ⁴ , SR ⁴ ,

OR ⁷ , - (CH ₂ ) _1-4 CONR ⁵ R ⁶ ,

C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-SR ^4, C ₁ - C ₄ -alkyl-OR ^4,

preferably CH ₂ OR ⁴ , C, -C-alkyl-OR7,

preferably CH ₂ OR ⁷ , C. -C ₄ alkyl COOR ⁴ ,

preferably CH ₂ -COOR ⁴ , - (CH ₂ ) ₁ _ ₄ -NR ⁵ R ⁶ ,

NHR ⁷ , - (CH ₂ ) _1-4 -NHR ⁷ , preferred

NHCO-C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, and / or optionally substituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl;

R _{3 is} a ketal of the general formula

 where A is oxygen or sulfur, m, n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, m + n = 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6,

R ^a C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl,

R ^{b can be} C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, or R ^a and R ^b together form a C ₂ or

C ₃ alkylene bridge, which may be mono- or disubstituted by C ₁ - C ₅ alkyl, C ₁ - C ₅ alkyloxycarbonyl or Hydroxy-C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, preferably hydroxymethyl, is substituted, the carbocyclic ring of the ketal may be substituted by one or more of the following radicals: C ₁ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl, C ₃ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₃ - or C ₄ -alkenyl, C ₃ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₃ - or C ₄ -alkynyl, C ₁ - C ₄ -alkylidene, phenyl, substituted phenyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, NR ⁵ R ⁶ ,

COOR ⁴ , CONR ⁵ R ⁶ , OR ⁴ , SR ⁴ , OR ⁷ ,

- (CH ₂ ) _{1 4} CONR ⁵ R ⁶ , C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-SR ⁴ ,

C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl OR, preferably CH ₂ OR ⁴ ,

C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl OR 7, preferably CH ₂ OR ⁷ ,

C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl COOR, preferred

CH ₂ -COOR ⁴ , - (CH ₂ ) _{1 4} -NR ⁵ R ⁶ , NHR ⁷ ,

- (CH ₂ ) _1-4 -NHR, preferred

NHCO-C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, if appropriate

substituted C ₃ -C ₈ cycloalkyl;

R ^{3 is} a radical of the general formula

wherein

A = CH ₂ , O, S; n, m = 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 and n + m 2, 3 or 4 can mean and one or both rings one or more times by OR ⁴ , C ₁ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₁ - C ₄ -alkyl, C ₃ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₃ - or C ₄ -alkenyl, C ₃ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₃ - or C ₄ -alkynyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylidene, phenyl, substituted phenyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, NR ⁵ R ⁶ ,

COOR ⁴ , CONR ⁵ R ⁶ , OR ⁴ , SR ⁴ , OR ⁷ ,

- (CH ₂ ) _1-4 -NR ⁵ R ⁶ ,

- (CH ₂ ) _1-4 CONR ₅ R ₆ , C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl-SR ⁴ , C ₁ - C ₄ -alkyl-OR, = O, preferred

CH ₂ OR ⁴ , C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-OR ⁷ , preferred

CH ₂ OR, C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl COOR, preferred

CH ₂ -COOR ⁴ , NHR ⁷ , preferred

NHCO-C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, if appropriate

substituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl may be substituted;

R ^{3 is} a radical of the general formula

with A = O, CH ₂ , -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -, wherein the ring system is optionally substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₆ - preferred

C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₆ - preferably C ₂ and

C ₃ alkenyl, C ₂ -C ₆ - preferably C ₂ and

C ₃ alkynyl, NR ⁵ R, COOR ⁴ , CONR ⁵ R ⁶ ,

OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ , SR ⁴ , = O, CH ₂ OR ⁴ , CH ₂ OR ⁷ ,

CH ₂ COOR ⁴ , CH ₂ CONR ⁵ R ⁶ ;

R ³ preferably a radical of the general formula

R ^{4 is} hydrogen, C ₁ - C ₈ -, preferably C ₁ -

C ₄ alkyl, optionally substituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C ₁ - C ₄ alkylphenyl, C ₃ - C ₈ -, preferably C ₃ or C ₄ alkenyl, optionally

 substituted aralkyl;

R ^{5 is} hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₆ -, preferred

C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, optionally substituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl, optionally

 substituted aralkyl;

R ^{6 is} hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4, carbon atoms,

 optionally substituted aralkyl, preferably an optionally substituted benzyl group, a radical of the general formula

- (CH-) -NR ⁵ R ⁵ (R ⁵ equal to or

different), - (CH ₂ ) _n -CN, - (CH ₂ ) _n -OR ⁴ ,

- (CH ₂ ) _n -OR ⁷ , - (CH ₂ ) _n -NHR ⁷ with n = 2,

3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, or R ⁵ and R ⁶ together form one

optionally substituted, preferably substituted by C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl five-, six- or seven-membered ring, which is another

Heteroatom from the group oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen can contain, which

Nitrogen atom can be substituted by the radical R ⁴ ;

R ^{7 is} linked via the carbonyl function

 Amino acid residue of a naturally occurring one

Amino acid, CO-C ₁ -C ₁₃ alkyl, preferred

CO-C ₂ -C ₄ alkyl, optionally substituted

CO-C ₁ -C ₁₃ alkylphenyl; R ^{8 is} hydrogen, O, -Cg-, preferred

C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, optionally substituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl, optionally

 substituted aralkyl;

R ^{9 is} hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₆ -, preferred

C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, optionally substituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl, optionally

substituted aralkyl; or R ⁸ and R ⁹ form together with the

CH ₂ group an optionally substituted

5- or 6-membered carbocyclic ring, can mean as a racemate, as an optically active compound, as pure diastereomers or as

 Diastereomer mixture as well as, where appropriate, their pharmacologically acceptable

 Acid addition salts.

Preferred compounds of general formula I are those in which

R ^{1 is} an alkyl group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, a propenyl group or a propargyl group;

R ^{2 is} an alkyl group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, a propenyl group or a propargyl group;

R ^{3 is} an N-linked saturated 5- or

 6-membered ring which may optionally contain oxygen or sulfur as a further heteroatom - preferably selected from the group pyrrolidine, piperidine, horpholine,

 Thiomorpholine, pyrrolidinone - which can carry one or more of the following residues

C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ , = O;

R ^{3 is} a 2,3,4-trihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-5-yl, a 2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-tetrahydropyran-6-yl, a 2-hydroxymethyl-3,4,5-trihydroxy-tetrahydropyran-6 -yl,

R ^{3 is} a cyclopentane or cyclohexane or

 Cyclopentanone or Cyclopentanol or

 Cyclohexanone or Cyclohexanol or a

 Ethylene ketal of cyclopentanone or

Cyclohexanones, which are substituted one or more times by C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl, C ₃ - or C ₄ alkenyl, C ₃ - or

C ₄ alkynyl, C ₁ -C ₃ alkylidene, optionally substituted phenyl, OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ ,

CH ₂ -COOR ⁴ , CH ₂ OR ⁷ , NR ⁵ R ⁶ , COOR ⁴ ,

CONR ⁵ R ⁶ , NHR ⁷ , CH, OR ^{4 may be} substituted

 can, wherein R 4 can be hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl;

R ³ norbonane or norbornene, 7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] heptane or heptene, 3-oxo-2,7-dioxatricyclo- [4.2.1.0 ^4.8 ] nonane, optionally substituted by CH ₃ , OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ ;

R ^{3 is} a bicyclo [3.3.0] octane or oxa- or

 Thiabicyclo [3.3.0] octane, if appropriate

substituted by OR ⁴ , = O, OR ⁷ ; R ^{4 is} hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 3

 Carbon atoms, benzyl,

R ^{5 is} hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 3

 Carbon atoms;

R ^{6 is} hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl,

- (CH ₂ ) _n NH ₂ , (CH ₂ ) _n -CN, (CH ₂ ) n -OR ⁴ ,

(CH ₂ ) _n -OR ⁷ , (CH ₂ ) _n NR ⁵ R ⁵ ,

(CH ₂ ) _n NHR ⁷ , (n = 2-8);

R ₇ prolinoyl, CO- (CH ₂ ) _0-3 -CH ₃ , benzoyl

 can mean, and optionally their optically active compounds as well as their

 Acid addition salts.

Alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl groups can be branched or unbranched. As alkyl groups

for example - also as components of others

Substituents - methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, iso-pentyl, neo-pentyl, hexyl, iso-hexyl and as

Examples of longer-chain alkyl radicals called decanyl, ündecanyl, dodecanyl and tridecanyl and their isomers. Examples of alkenyl residues are allyl (provided they do not form enamines), propenyl,

called iso-propenyl, butenyl and iso-butenyl.

(Et = ethyl).

Alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl groups like them

defined according to the invention can be substituted one or more times. Suitable substituents are, for example, hydroxy, halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine), nitro, cyano, amino, C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl or. C ₁ - C ₄ dialkylamino, SH, SC ₁ -C ₄ alkyl

and cyclopropyl. Examples of substituted alkyl groups include CF ₃ , hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl,

 Cyanomethyl, benzyl, ethylphenyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclopropylethyl.

Cycloalkyl radicals are, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl, which can be substituted by alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or halogen. The term aryl stands for an aromatic ring system with up to 10, preferably 6-10, carbon atoms, which may be used as

 Heteroatom oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen

can contain and is optionally substituted by C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, nitro, C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy,

Amino, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylamino and / or C ₁ -C ₄ dialkylamino may be substituted, the preferred aryl radical is phenyl. A benzyl group as well as one

Phenyl groups can be preferred one or more times by alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms - preferably methyl, by alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms

Methoxy, hydroxy, and / or halogen - such as fluorine, chlorine or bromine - trifluoromethyl, halogen - preferably chlorine or bromine, CN, NO ₂ , cyano, COH, COOH, COOC ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, CONH ₂ , CON (C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl) ₂ ,

Cyclopropyl, amino, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylamino,

C ₁ -C ₄ dialkylamino, hydroxymethyl,

SO ₂ -C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, SO ₂ -C ₁ -C ₄ , hydroxyalkyl,

Hydroxy, SH, SC ₁ -C ₄ alkyl.

Aralkyl stands for a linked by C ₁ -C ₆

Aryl group, preferably phenyl. Examples of substituted phenyl are: 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3-bromophenyl,

4-bromophenyl, 4-fluoromethyl,

2-chlorophenyl, 2-bromophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl,

2,3-dichlorophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 3-ethylphenyl, 4-propylphenyl, 4-isopropylphenyl, 4-butylphenyl, 4-tert-butylphenyl, 4-iso-butylphenyl, 4-pentylphenyl, 2,4- Dimethylphenyl,

2-trifluoromethylphenyl, 3-trifluoromethylphenyl,

4-trifluoromethylpheny1, 2-methoxypheny1,

4-methoxyphenyl, 3-ethoxyphenyl, 2-propoxyphenyl, 4-butoxyphenyl, 2,4-dimethoxyphenyl,

3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl,

 2-chlorobenzyl, 2,3-dichlorobenzyl, 2-methylbenzyl, 2-trifluoromethylbenzyl, 4-methoxybenzyl,

3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl, 2- (2-chlorophenyl) ethyl.

As examples of cyclic radicals of the general

Formula NR R may be mentioned: pyrrole, pyrroline,

Pyrrolidine, 2-methylpyrrolidine, 3-methylpyrrolidine, piperidine - optionally substituted one or more times by C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl - piperazine,

N-methylpiperazine, N-ethylpiperazine,

N- (n-propyl) piperazine, N-benzylpiperazine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, imidazole, irazidazoline, imidazolidine, pyrazole, pyrazoline, pyrazolidine - the heterocycles mentioned being able to be substituted by alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms - preferably methyl.

Examples of heterocyclic radicals which can be linked via a carbon atom are

Tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran,

2-hydroxymethylfuran, tetrahydrofuranone,

γ-butyrolactone, α-pyran, γ-pyran, tetrahydropyran called, where the heterocycle can be substituted as indicated in the definitions. As heterocyclic residues, which have an N atom

may be linked and contain a nitrogen atom are mentioned, for example: pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, pyrrolidinone, the heterocycles mentioned also being C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl,

C ₁ -C ₄ alkoxy, OR ₄ , or = O may be substituted

 can.

 Examples of naturally occurring amino acids include, for example, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, tryptophan, methionine, glycine, serine, threonine, cysteine, tyrosine, asparagine, glutamine, histidine, arginine, lysine.

 With regard to the definition of the monosaccharides, reference is made to "Beyer, Textbook of Organic Chemistry, 21st Edition".

The definition - (CH ₂ ) _1-4 also includes branched

Bridge elements, such as -CH ₂ -CH (CH ₃ ) -CH ₂ -,

 "O" means an oxygen atom linked via a double bond.

From the unpublished European

Patent application 374 808 are more similar to xanthines

Known structure, some of which must be disclaimed. The compounds of the invention are

Adenosine antagonists; in particular, they have high affinity for the A. receptor and high selectivity for this receptor subtype. For example, 8- (3.4-cis-dihydroxycyclopentyl) -1.3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2.6-dione has an A. receptor affinity of K. = 14 nmol and 8- (7-oxo-cis-bicyclo [3.3 .0] octan-3-yl) -1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione (Example 14) a value of 3.9 nmol.

In hippocampal sections, the substances antagonize the adenosine-induced suppression of the spike after electrical stimulation. An increased acetylcholine content can be found in the rat brain in vivo. These results suggest that the

described xanthine derivatives the natural

Enhance cell activity of cholinergic neurons in the brain and thus prove to be functional cholinomimetics with a central attack. EEG examinations in cats indicate a significant increase in vigilance.

Such substances are for the symptomatic

Therapy of degenerative diseases of the central nervous system, e.g. Dementia senilis and Alzheimer's disease of great interest.

The high receptor affinity should allow therapy with low doses, so that hardly with

Side effects are expected that are not due to the

Blockage of adenosine receptors can be attributed. Likewise, due to the high

A. Selectivity of the compounds A ₂ -dependent

There are no side effects. In addition to their use as gerontopsychopharmaceuticals and nootropics, the adenosine antagonists described could be useful for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Other possible indications are degenerative

Diseases such as Organic brain syndrome,

Parkinson's, traumatic CNS damage, post stroke neurological deficit, respiratory depression

(intoxication, post op) early childhood brain trauma, dyslexia. Furthermore, the substances for the treatment of neurological deficits, e.g. after traumatic brain injury or after strokes.

 The pharmacological results are based on those given in the literature references below

Examination methods. Lohse MJ, V. Lenschow and U. Schwabe (1984) Mol. Pharmacol. 26: 1-9 (1984);

 Virus, M.R., T. Baglajewski and M. Radulovacki (1984) Neurobiology of Agineg 5, 61-62;

 Daly, J.W., W. Padgett, M.T. Shamin, P. Butts-Lamb and J. Waters (1985) J. Med. Chem. 28, 487-492 (1985); Bruns, R.F., G.H. Lu and T.A. Pugsley (1986) Mol.

 Pharmacol. 29, 331-346

The compounds of the invention can be prepared by analogy methods known per se.

Representation of the connections

Generally 8-substituted

 1,3-Dialkylxanthine by implementation of

 1,3-dialkyl-5.6-diaminouracils with aldehydes or carboxylic acids or by reacting

 Obtained 1,3-dialkyl-6-amino-5-nitrosouracilen with aldehydes in the presence of dirnethylhydrazine.

5.6-diamino-1,3-dimethyluracil is commercially available; Derivatives substituted with other radicals are obtained by reaction of the corresponding dialkylurea with cyanoacetic acid, subsequent nitrosation and

optionally hydrogenation or reduction with dithionite to give the diamine (J. Org. Chem. 16, 1879 (1951) and Can. J. Chem. 46, 3413 (1968)).

All carboxylic acids or aldehydes which are required for the reaction with the 5.6-diamino-1,3-dialkyluracils can be purchased commercially, prepared by processes known from the literature or by simple, each

Methods familiar to chemists are synthesized from precursors known from the literature. Individual examples are given in the following sections. Further syntheses are described in European patent application 374 808, to which reference is hereby made.

1)

 Tetrahydrofurans or tetrahydropyrans substituted several times with hydroxyl, alkoxy or acyloxy groups

 3

as residues R are made from suitable

 Obtained carbohydrate derivatives, according to the usual

Methods the primary hydroxy group is tritylated and the remaining alcohol functions are alkylated.

The acid hydrolysis of the trityl ether and oxidation of the

Alcohol, for example with pyridinium dichromate in

Dimethylformamide, leads to the corresponding

Carboxylic acid, which can be used in the xanthine synthesis according to the general regulations. If benzyl groups are chosen for the alkylation, these can be removed hydrogenolytically from the finished xanthine and the free hydroxyl functions can be acylated.

2)

 Tetrahydrofurane or Tetrahydropyrane, the next

 Hydroxy, alkoxy or acyloxy groups too

 Hydroxymethylene, alkoxymethylene or

 Carrying acyloxymethylene residues is obtained from suitably protected halogenoses in which the halogen atom is substituted in the 1-position by cyanide and this is then converted into a dithioacetate via the thioimidate. Such compounds directly yield xanthines in the reaction with 5.6-diamino-1,3-dialkyluracilene (see, for example, Carbohydrate Research 153, 271-283 (1986)), in which, after the protective groups have been split off, the

 Hydroxy groups can be acylated in the usual way.

3)

Heterocyclic radicals R ³ , which are linked to the xanthine via a nitrogen atom, are obtained by using the corresponding N-formyl heterocycles

 6-Amino-1,3-dialkyl-5-nitrosouracilen with the addition of

POCl ₃ (see also J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Com. 1972,

606). The required N-formyl compounds can be purchased or can be obtained from commercially available free bases

Formic acid and acetic anhydride can be produced (see e.g. Organic Synthesis III, 813).

Org. Syn. III, 813 J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Com. 1972. 606

R = H, alkyl, OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ , CH ₂ OR ⁴ , CH ₂ OR ⁷ , = O

A = O, S, CH ₂ , NC ₁ -C ₆ alkyl,

n, m = 1, 2, 3, 4 and n + m = 3, 4, 5 4)

 8- (2- or 3-oxocycloalkyl) substituted

Xanthine derivatives are based on 2- or

3-Oxocycloalkan-1-carboxylic acid esters prepared by protecting the keto function as ethylene ketal, saponifying the ester and reacting the resulting carboxylic acid according to the general procedure. The ketal function can then be split acidic. The released ketone can - e.g. with complex hydrides - reduced to alcohol and this can be acylated according to the respective requirements. The OH group can be configured by Mitsunobu reaction with benzoic acid and hydrolysis or reductive cleavage of the benzoate

invert. Amines which can be alkylated or acylated are accessible via the oxime by hydrogenation. Furthermore, after protecting the 7 N atom in xanthine by benzylation, the ketones can be removed with the

Lithium salt of 2-trimethylsilyl-1,3-dithiane for

Convert ketene dithioacetal from which - e.g. by treatment with mercury or copper salts - release carboxylic acid or ester functions. (e.g. analogous to Tetrahedron Lett. 29, 1493 (1988) or J. Chem. Res. (S) 1989. 320). By reducing the esters, primary alcohols are obtained which can be alkylated and acylated. The carboxylic acids result in the

Reaction with suitable amines, the corresponding amide derivatives. After the functionalization of the 7-N-benzyl group has ended, the one in the 8-position

The rest is split off again hydrogenolytically.

5)

 2-alkyl-3-oxocycloalkyl radicals are introduced into the

8-position of the xanthines by - according to J. Org. Chem. 54, 5003 (1989) - cycloalkenones with the

Lithium salt of methoxy-phenylthio-trimethylsilylmethane in the presence of the desired one

Reacts alkyl halide that Reaction product desilylated and oxidative

 Hydrolysis produces the corresponding carboxylic acid;

 this is implemented according to the general regulation, the keto function can then, as under 4.

 described, undergo various subsequent reactions.

 J. Org. Chem. 54, 5003 (1989)

 n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

R = alkyl

The production of

 2-Methyl-3-oxo-5- (2-propenyl) carboxylic acid, which - according to Heterocycles 26, 1491 (1987) - from carvone. After conversion to the xanthine after the

 general method are follow-up connections through

 Hydrogenation or hydroboration / oxidation of the

 Double bond and / or obtained by the method described in 4..

6)

 The carboxylic acids required for the synthesis of 8- (5-alkyl- or 5-aryl) -3-oxocyclopentylxanthine derivatives are prepared in accordance with Liebigs Ann. Chem. 728, 21 (1969). The further functionalization takes place as described under 4.

Liebigs Ann. Chem. 728, 21 (1969)

7)

 The synthesis of 1-alkyl-2-hydroxycycloalkane-1-carboxylic acids is carried out analogously to Helv. Chim. Acta 22, 690 (1989) from the corresponding 2-oxocycloalkane carboxylic acid esters, which after yeast reduction, ring closure with

 t-Butyraldehyde and alkylation the required

 Carboxylic acids in protected form. After acidic cleavage of the protective group, the hydroxy function is blocked with the t-butyldimethylsilyl protective group and then the xanthine is built up using the general method. Desilylation with fluoride leads to alcohol, which can be alkylated, acylated or oxidized to ketone. This can be followed by further subsequent reactions as described under 4.

8th)

 Cyclopentane or cyclohexane units functionalized multiple times with hydroxyl, alkoxy or acyloxy groups and optionally with additional C substituents can be prepared from carbohydrates in a variety of ways. As an example here is J. Org. Chem. 54.

2268 (1989).

9)

 Access to l-alkyl-2-alkyl or

l-Alkyl-2-arylcycloalkane-l-carboxylic acids are opened via aldehydes, which are analogous to Tetrahedron Lett. 30, 2465 (1989) from the t-leucine t-butyl ester imines of

corresponding 1-Cycloalkencarboxaldehyde prepared and can be implemented according to the general rule.

n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

 R = alkyl, alkenyl, aryl

R '= alkyl, alkenyl, benzyl 10)

 Starting from 3-cyclopentene-1-carboxylic acid (J. Heterocycl. Chem. 26, 451 (1989)), the corresponding is obtained according to the general procedure

 Xanthine derivative in which the double bond can be cis-hydroxylated by oxidation with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide / osmium tetroxide or converted to trans-diol by epoxidation with peracids and hydrolysis of the epoxide. The hydroxy groups can then be acylated; in the implementation with

 l, n-Dicarboxylic acid chlorides form cyclic diesters, with ketones cyclic ketanes are obtained.

R, R '= H, alkyl, cycloalkyl or R ⁸ , R ⁹ together form

the ketal carbon atom has a 5- or 6-ring 11)

 Cycloalkenones are obtained by DIBAH reduction of the ketone to alcohol and subsequent ones

 Sharpless epoxidation of the allylic alcohol

 Hydroxyepoxide. The subsequent epoxide opening with trimethylsilyl cyanide, protection or alkylation of the hydroxyl functions and saponification of the nitrile lead to the corresponding carboxylic acid unit, which is converted to the respective xanthine in accordance with the general instructions. After the protective groups have been split off, the alcohol groups can be acylated again.

12)

 Pulegonic acid (5-methyl-2- (2-propylidene) -1-cyclopentanecarboxylic acid) can be obtained by

 Produce Favorski rearrangement from pulegondibromide (J. Org. Chem. 30, 41 (1964)) and implement it according to the general instructions for xanthine. The double bond can be hydrogenated to form the propyl radical or cleaved ozonolytically to give the ketone described in 4

 Follow-up reactions are accessible.

13)

 1-Alkyl or 1-arylcycloalkane carboxylic acids can be purchased commercially or according to regulations known in the literature, e.g. according to Liebigs Ann. Chem.,

618, 251, 261, 264, 266 (1952) or Org. Synth. 46, 72 (1966), are prepared and converted to xanthines according to the general regulation.

 2-alkylcycloalkane carboxylic acids are synthesized

 for example according to Liebigs Ann. Chem. 491, 189, 207 (1931) or J. Am. Chem. Soc. 71, 81 (1949) and J. Chem. Soc. 1949, 1011; the 2,5-dialkyl derivatives are obtained analogously to J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72, 256ff (1950);

2,3-Dialkyl-1-cyclopentane carboxylic acids

according to Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. 1958. 199ff

manufactured.

14)

 The synthesis of 3-oxa- or 3-thiabicyclo [3.3.0] octane-7-carboxylic acid takes place starting from the corresponding 7-0xo compound (see Tetrahedron 40, 761 (1984) or J. Org. Chem. 114. 177 (1984)) by reaction with the lithium salt of 2-trimethylsilyl-1,3-dithiane to give the corresponding ketene dithioacetal and cleavage of

Acetals to carboxylic acid (see section 4.). Analog to the general regulation one gets the respective one

Xanthine derivatives.

15)

 Starting with bicyclo [3.3.0] octane-2.7-dione, the monothioketal is synthesized with 1,2-dimercaptoethane. As described above, the second keto function is converted to the carboxylic acid, which reacts to the xanthine according to the general instructions. Follow-up reactions on the keto group can be carried out as described under 4. The separation of isomers is achieved by chromatography.

16)

 The representation of 2-ethoxycarbonyl-7.7-ethylenedioxybicyclo [3.3.0] octan-3-one is in Tetrahedron Lett. 1978. 3743, Tetrahedron Lett. 1979. 433 and J. Chem. Soc, Chem. Commun. 1978. 1067. The

Ketalization of the second keto function, subsequent saponification of the ester and implementation analogous to the general instructions leads to

 corresponding xanthine derivative, the free keto groups of which can be obtained by acid hydrolysis. On the other hand, protection is provided for those that are alpha to the ester

 Keto group with 1,2-dimercaptoethane to form the dithioketal, after analogous xanthine synthesis, the two ketal protective groups can be split off independently of one another (the ketal with acid, the thioketal by treatment with mercury salts) and the free keto group in each case - as described under 4

 convert. Finally, the thioketal function is also split off.

17)

 According to J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111. 6691 (1989), the esters of further bicyclo [3.3.0.] Octanones, bicyclo [4.3.0] nonanones and bicyclo [5.3.0] decanones are obtained, some of which are still substituted with several protected hydroxy groups and in conjugation to the ester group a

Possess double bond. After hydrogenating this

Double bond and saponification of the esters give rise to further bicyclic carboxylic acid units which can be converted to xanthines according to the general instructions. Splitting off the protective groups by customary methods allows the alcohol functions to be released.

18)

 By cycloaddition of cyclopentadiene with

2-methyl acrolein, crotonaldehyde or

2-methylcrotonaldehyde results in substituted

Norbornenaldehyde and from it - according to the

general requirement - 8-norbornenyl-substituted xanthines. These cycloadditions can also be found in

Are carried out in the presence of optically active Lewis acid catalysts (see e.g. J. Org. Chem. 54, 1481 (1989)) and then lead to products with partially high diastereomer and / or enantiomeric excess. Hydrogenation of the double bond gives

Corresponding norbornanyl derivatives, cis-dihydroxylation of the double bond with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide / osmium tetroxide gives the corresponding cis-diols, which - as described under 10 - can be reacted further. Epoxidation of the double bond and nucleophilic opening of the oxirane lead to further substitution patterns.

 19)

 Füran can be cycloadditioned with

 Acrylic acid esters under Lewis acid catalysis

 produce the corresponding 2-alkoxycarbonyl-7-oxabicyclo- [2.2.1] hept-5-enes, from which according to the

 Saponification of the ester according to the general

 Regulation Xanthine can be synthesized. The double bond can then, as under 19.

 described, carry out further subsequent reactions.

 8- (7-Oxabicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-yl) xanthines are advantageously prepared in such a way that at

 same procedure before the saponification of the

Ester group hydrogenated the double bond. 20)

 The cycloaddition of fumaric acid dichloride with furan and basic hydrolysis of the crude product results

7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-en-2-endo-3-exodicarboxylic acid. Reaction with formic acid / hydrogen peroxide gives 9-exo-hydroxy-3-oxo-2,7-dioxatricyclo [4.2.1.0 ^4.8 ] nonane-5-exo-carboxylic acid; After the alcohol function has been silylated with t-butyldimethylsilyl chloride, the carboxylic acid unit can be used for xanthine synthesis according to the general instructions.

 Cleavage of the silyl group with fluoride leads to the free one

Alcohol which can subsequently be alkylated or acylated.

example 1

8- (4-morpholinyl) -1.3-diρropyl-7H-purine-2.6-dione

7.9 g (0.033 mol) of 6-amino-5-nitroso-1,3-dipropyluracil and 5.0 g (0.049 mol) of N-formylmorpholine are dissolved in 40 ml of carbon tetrachloride. You drip in

Room temperature 7.5 g (0.049 mol) of phosphorus oxychloride, warmed to reflux for one hour and left the mixture at room temperature for about 12 hours. The oil deposited on the surface is separated off, dissolved in 50 ml of dichloromethane and placed on ice together with the remaining solution, which has been concentrated to half. After neutralization of the aqueous phase, the organic phase is separated off and the aqueous phase is extracted with dichloromethane. From the united

organic phases are obtained after drying and

Concentrate the title compound as a crystalline residue, which is recrystallized from ethanol.

1.7 g (16% of theory) are obtained as colorless crystals from the scrap: 251-252 ° C.

Example 2

7-benzyl-8- (3-oxocyclopentyl) -1.3-dipropylpurine-2.6-dione

10.0 g (0.031 mol) of 8- (3-oxocyclopentyl) -1.3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2.6-dione become absolute in 30 ml

Dimethylformamide dissolved and after adding 4.6 g

(0.033 mol) of potassium carbonate for 20 minutes

Room temperature stirred. 5.7 g (0.033 mol) are added dropwise Benzyl bromide, stirs for 40 minutes and ends the reaction by adding water. The solution is concentrated, the residue is taken up in water and with

 Dichloromethane shaken out. The United

 organic phases result after drying and

 Concentrate an oily residue, which is purified on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane / methanol in a ratio of 99: 1 and then from ethanol

 is recrystallized.

 9.4 g (73.3% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals with a melting point of 145 ° C.

Example 3

7-Benzyl-8- (3- (1.3-dithian-2-ylidene) cyclopentyl) -1.3-dipropylpurine-2.6-dione

To 4.0 g of 2-trimethylsilyl-1,3-dithiane (0.021 mol) in 15 ml of absolute tetrahydrofuran is added dropwise at -75 ° C

14.37 ml (0.023 mol) of a 1.6 M solution of

Butyllithium in n-hexane and stirred at -70 ° C for 30 minutes. A solution of 8.0 g (0.020 mol) of 7-benzyl-8- (3-oxocyclopentyl) -1.3-dipropylpurine-2,6-dione in 70 ml of absolute tetrahydrofuran is then added dropwise at the same temperature. It is stirred for 2 hours at -70 ° C and then for 2 hours at -30 ° C, then carefully mixed with water at -30 ° C. The

Phases are separated, the organic phase is concentrated, the residue is taken up in dichloromethane, washed with water and the solution is dried and concentrated. The purification is carried out by chromatography on silica gel with a mixture of cyclohexane / ethyl acetate as

3: 1 eluent. 3.55 g (35.5% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as a yellowish oil, which is left on standing

crystallized.

Example 4

7-benzyl-8- (3-methyloxycarbonyl-cyclopentyl) -1.3-dipropylpurine-2.6-dione

To a solution of 1.1 g (2.2 mol) of 7-benzyl-8- (3- (1.3-dithian-2-ylidene) cyclopentyl) -1,3-dipropylpurine-2,6-dione in 30 ml of methanol and 6 ml of dichloromethane are added in succession 1.2 ml 6 N hydrochloric acid, 0.55 ml

Trifluoroacetic acid and 2.38 g (8.8 mmol)

Mercury (II) chloride. The mixture is stirred for 4 hours at room temperature and then suction filtered through Celite. 90 mg of sodium borohydride are carefully added to the filtrate at -5 ° C., the mixture is stirred at 0 ° C. for 30 minutes, suction filtered through Celite and concentrated. For cleaning, the remaining residue is mixed with a mixture of dichloromethane / methanol in a ratio of 97: 3

Chromatographed silica gel.

 0.72 g (72% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as a brownish oil.

Example 5

8- (3-Methyloxycarbonyl-cyclopentyl) -1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione

2.29 g (5.1 mmol) of 7-benzyl-8- (3-methyloxycarbonyl-cyclopentyl) -1.3-dipropylpurine-2,6-dione are dried in 40 ml of methanol with the addition of 0.5 g

Pearlman catalyst until the end of Hydrogen uptake hydrogenated at 20 ° C and 5.0 bar. After filtration through diatomaceous earth, the solution is concentrated and the residue is recrystallized from isopropanol.

 1.54 g (83.2% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals of mp. 188-194 ° C.

Example 6

8- (3-carboxycyclopentyl) -1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione

1.41 g (3.9 mmol) of 8- (3-methyloxycarbonyl-cyclopentyl) - 1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione are suspended in 10 ml of ethanol and 1 ml of water, mixed with 0.77 g of potassium hydroxide and at reflux temperature for 30 minutes heated. After cooling to 10 ° C., the mixture is acidified, the crystals which have precipitated are filtered off with suction and the filtrate is extracted with dichloromethane. The combined organic extracts are dried and concentrated; the residue is combined with the crystals filtered off.

 In this way, 1.27 g (93.4% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as beige-colored crystals.

Example 7

8- (3- (5-Cyanopentylamino-carbonyl) cyclopentyl) -1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione

0.3 g (1.9 mmol) of carbonyldiimidazole is added to a suspension of 0.67 g (1.9 mmol) of 8- (3-carboxycyclopentyl) -1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione in 20 ml of dichloromethane and 1 ml of tetrahydrofuran and stirred for 35 minutes at room temperature after. After adding 0.21 g (1.9 mmol) 6-aminocapronitrile is stirred for a further 24 hours, acidified and washed with water. The organic phase is concentrated, the residue in 5%

 Sodium bicarbonate solution added and this solution extracted with dichloromethane. After drying and

The organic extracts are concentrated

Title compound in the form of crystals, which after dissolving and chromatography on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane / methanol in a ratio of 95: 5

getting cleaned.

 0.67 g (79.8% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals.

Example 8

8- (3.4-cis-dihydroxycyclopentyl) -1.3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2.6-dione

A solution of 800 mg (2.66 mmol) of 8- (3-cyclopentenyl) -1.3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione in 200 ml of a mixture of acetone and water in a ratio of 5: 1 is at 0 ° C with 330 mg (2.76 mmol) N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide and 2 ml of a 1 percent. Solution of osmium tetroxide in

tert-butanol added. The mixture is stirred at 0 ° C. for 2 hours, then allowed to warm to room temperature over a period of 4 hours, 150 mg of sodium bisulfite, about 5 g of diatomaceous earth and 15 ml of water are added in succession and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The solids are filtered off and the acetone is distilled off. The

Water phase is thoroughly with dichloromethane

extracted, then evaporated to dryness and the residue extracted in a Soxhlet extractor with dichloromethane. The combined organic extracts are dried and concentrated; the backlog will with a mixture of chloroform / methanol in

 Ratio 90: 10 chromatographed on silica gel and the product triturated with ether and then recrystallized from ethanol.

 190 mg (21% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals, mp. 232-233 ° C.

Example 9

7-oxo- (spiro- (cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane) -3.2'- 1.3-dithiolane)

14.0 g (0.101 mol) of cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane-3.7-dione, 8.54 ml (0.101 mol) of 1,2-dimercaptoethane, 150 ml of toluene and 0.19 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid hydrate are mixed and refluxed for 3 hours heated. It is diluted with 140 ml of toluene, the organic phase is washed twice with 5% sodium bicarbonate solution, dried and concentrated. After chromatography with dichloromethane on silica gel, 8.8 g of di-dithioketal can be isolated. Chromatography of the residual mixture with

In addition to 1.65 g of clean starting compound, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether in a ratio of 7: 3 gives 5.83 g (27% of theory) of the desired monodithioketal as yellowish crystals. From the di-dithioketal can by

Treatment with mercury (II) chloride - analogous to Example 4 - after purification by chromatography on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in a ratio of 99: 1 - a further 2.03 g of monodithioketal can be obtained. Example 10

7- (1.3-dithian-2-ylidene) - (spiro- (cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane) -3.2'-1.3-dithiolane)

Analogously to Example 3, 5.8 g (27 mmol)

7-oxo- (spiro- (cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane) -3.2'-1,3-dithiol) in tetrahydrofuran with the lithium salt from 5.39 g (28 mmol) 2-trimethylsilyl-1,3-dithiane and 18.77 ml of a 1.6 M solution of n-butyllithium converted into n-hexane. The cleaning takes place on a column filled with silica gel with dichloromethane as

Eluent. The product is triturated with petroleum ether and suction filtered.

 2.57 g (30% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals.

Example 11

7-methyloxycarbonyl- (spiro- (cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane) -3.2'-1.3-dithiolane)

2.0 g (6.32 mmol) of 7- (1,3-dithian-2-ylidene) - (spiro- (cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane) -3,2'-l, 3-dithiolane) are analogous to Example 4 with mercury (II) treated chloride. The crude product is purified on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in a ratio of 99: 1.

In this way, 1.12 g (69% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals. Example 12

7-carboxy- (spiro- (cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane) -3,2- '

 1,3-dithiolane)

1.27 g (4.9 mmol) of 7-methyloxycarbonyl- (spiro- (cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane) -3.2'-1,3-dithiolane) and 0.97 g (17.3 mmol) of potassium hydroxide are mixed with 1.4 ml of water and 2.8 ml of ethanol 20 Minutes heated to reflux temperature. The cooled batch is acidified to a pH of 3 with ice cooling, the precipitated crystals are filtered off with suction, washed with cold water and dried.

 1.1 g (92% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals

Example 13

8 - [(Spiro- (cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane) -3.2 '- (1,3-dithiolane)) - 7-yl] -1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione

0.5 g (2.05 mmol) 7-carboxy- (spiro- (cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane) -3.2 '- (1.3-dithiolane)) and 0.32 g (2.05 mmol) carbonyldiimidazole are combined with 10 ml absolute dichloromethane Stirred for 1 hour at room temperature.

After adding 0.47 g (2.05 mmol) of 5.6-diamino-1,3-dipropyluracil, the mixture is stirred for a further 4.5 hours and concentrated, and the residue is dissolved in 10.3 ml of water

added. 0.66 g of calcium hydroxide and 3 ml of tetrahydrofuran are added and the mixture is stirred at 80 ° C. for 3 hours. Then 7.4 ml of 50% sodium hydroxide solution are added, the mixture is stirred again at 80 ° C. for 1 hour and the batch is allowed to run

then cool down. Under ice cooling it will

Neutralized reaction mixture and then extracted with dichloromethane. The combined organic extracts are washed with water, dried and concentrated. The purification is carried out by chromatography on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in a ratio of 95: 5. 0.51 g (57% of theory) of

Title link.

Example 14

8- (7-Oxo-cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octan-3-yl) -1.3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione

0.30 g (0.69 mmol) 8 - [(spiro- (cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane) -3.2 '- (1.3-dithiolane)) - 7-yl] -1.3-dipropyl-7H-purin-2, 6-dione are dissolved in 7 ml of methanol and 3 ml of dichloromethane and successively with 0.29 ml of 6N hydrochloric acid,

0.39 g of mercury (IΙ) chloride and 0.13 ml

Trifluoroacetic acid added. The mixture is stirred at 40 ° C. for 6 hours, then a further 0.43 g are added

Mercury (II) chloride and stirred at 40 ° C for 14 h. The suspension is suctioned off through Celite, which

Filter cake with methanol and dichloromethane

washed and the filtrate at 0 ° C with 23 mg

Sodium borohydride added and stirred for 30 minutes. After filtering again through Celite, the filtrate

concentrated and the residue by chromatography on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane and

Purified methanol in a ratio of 95: 5.

230 mg (93.1% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals, mp. 161-181 ° C.

The diastereomers can be separated by chromatography with ethyl acetate. Their melting points are 162-163 ° C and 206 ° C (decomposition). Example 15

8- (7-Hydroxy-cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octan-3-yl) -1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione

0.09 g (0.25 mmol) of 8- (7-oxo-cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octan-3-yl) -1.3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2.6-dione are suspended in 2 ml of ethanol and at 0 ° C after adding 50 mg of sodium borohydride, stirred for 1 hour. The mixture is concentrated and poured onto 5 ml of water. The pH is adjusted to 2 and the mixture is extracted with dichloromethane. From the dried and concentrated

 organic extracts give a crystalline

 Crude product, which by chromatography on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in

Ratio 95: 5 can be cleaned. The two isomers can be separated.

This is obtained in a total yield of 80 mg

 (89% of theory) as colorless crystals.

 The polar isomer has a melting point of 230-232 ° C. The non-polar isomer melts at 177 - 179 ° C.

Alternatively, the diastereomers of 8- (7-oxo-cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octan-3-yl) -1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione prepared according to Example 14 can be reduced separately. The ketone with mp. 162 - 163 ° C then leads to the alcohol with mp. 177 - 179 ° C, the ketone with mp. 206 ° gives the alcohol with mp. 230 - 232 ° C.

By Mitsunobu reaction with benzoic acid (corresponding to 0. Mitsunobu, Synthesis 1981, p. 1 ff) and

subsequent reduction of the benzoate with

Lithium aluminum hydride in ether gives the isomeric product with an inverted alcohol configuration from the polar alcohol with mp 230-232 ° C

(Mp 237-239 ° C). Example 16

7- (1,3-dithian-2-ylidene) -3-oxabicyclo [3.3.0] octane

To a solution of 2.41 ml (12.6 mmol)

2-trimethylsilyl-1,3-dithiane in 10 ml of absolute

Tetrahydrofuran is added dropwise at -72 ° C to 9.49 ml

(15.14 mol) of a 6 M solution of butyllithium in n-hexane, stirring for 30 minutes at -70 ° C and then a solution of 1.54 g (12.17 mmol) is added dropwise

7-Oxo-3-oxabicyclo [3.3.0] octane in 8 ml absolute

Tetrahydrofuran too. The mixture is stirred 2.5 hours at -70 ° C, 1 hour at -70 to -60 ° C, 1.5 hours at -30 ^β C and 30 minutes at -30 to -10 ° C after. After adding 5 ml of water, the phases are separated and the organic phase is concentrated. You take in the backlog

Dichloromethane, wash the solution with water, dry and concentrate. The backlog is through

Chromatography on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in a ratio of 99: 1 purified.

 1.3 g (47% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals.

Example 17

3-Oxabicyclo [3.3.0] octane-7-carboxylic acid methyl ester

2.15 g (9.46 mmol) of 7- (1,3-dithian-2-ylidene) -3-oxabicyclo [3.3.0] octane are - as described in Example 3 - treated with mercury (IΙ) chloride. The purification is carried out by chromatography on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in a ratio of 97: 3.

960 mg (60% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as a light yellow oil. Example 18

3-oxabicyclo [3.3.0] octane-7-carboxylic acid

1.06 g (6.13 mmol) of 3-oxabicyclo [3.3.0] -7-carboxylic acid methyl ester are dissolved in 1.6 ml of water and 3.2 ml of ethanol, and 1.21 g (21.6 mmol) of potassium hydroxide are added. The mixture is heated for 30 minutes

 Reflux temperature, acidifies at 0 ° C to a pH of 4 and extracted with dichloromethane. Drying and concentration of the combined organic extracts gives 0.62 g (65% of theory) of the title compound as

crystalline product.

Example 19

8- (3-Oxabicyclo [3.3.0] octan-7-yl) -1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione was produced according to the general instructions

prepared and by chromatography on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in

95: 5 ratio cleaned and then recrystallized from ethanol.

0.64 g (47% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals with a melting point of 226-230 ° C.

Example 20

8- ((1S, 2R, 5R) -2-methyl-3-oxo-5-iso-propenyl-cyclopent-1-yl) -1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione

1.23 g (6.8 mmol) (1S, 2R, 5R) -2-methyl-3-oxo-5-iso-propenyl-1-cyclopentanecarboxylic acid are dissolved in 35 ml absolute dichloromethane together with 1.1 g (6.8 mmol) carbonyldiimidazole for 1 hour at room temperature touched. 1.24 g (5.4 mmol) of 5.6-diamino-1,3-dipropyluracil are added, the mixture is stirred again for 4 hours and the solution is then concentrated. The backlog is over

Filtered silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in a ratio of 95: 5, which

concentrated product fractions are with 0.5 ml

Tetrahydrofuran dissolved and mixed with 35 ml of water. The mixture is heated to 50 ° C. and 2.34 g are added

Calcium hydroxide, stirred for 4 hours at 80 ° C and allowed to cool. After adding 25.6 ml of 50%

The batch is then acidified and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic extracts are washed with water, dried and concentrated; the oil obtained is by chromatography

Silica gel cleaned with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in a ratio of 95: 5. The product is triturated with ether and suction filtered.

In this way, 600 mg (49% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals, mp. 136-137 ° C .; [α] _D20 (1%, methanol) = -8.1 °.

Example 21

8 - ((5S) -5-endo-methyl-bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-en-5-yl) -1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione

2.45 g (18.0 mmol) (5S) -5-endo-methyl-bicyclo [2.2.1] - hept-2-en-5-carbaldehyde, 4.08 g (18 mmol) 5.6-diamino1,3-dipropyluracil, 6.5 ml glacial acetic acid and 58 ml of absolute ethanol are stirred together for 4 hours at room temperature, then - after adding molecular sieve (0.3 nm) - for 3 hours at 50 ° C. for about 12 hours at room temperature. 2.83 ml of diethyl azodicarboxylate are then added, the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hours and then the reaction mixture is suctioned off. The filtrate is

 concentrated and crystallized on standing. The crystal slurry is triturated with methanol and suction filtered, the product by chromatography on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in

97: 3 ratio cleaned.

2.22 g (36% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals with a melting point of 133-135 ° C., [α] _D20

 (1%, methanol) = -30.1 °. The use of

(5R) -5-endo-methyl-bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene-carbaldehyde for the (R) -enantiomer of the title compound.

Example 22

8- (1-Phenyl-1-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione

2.5 g (13 mmol) of 1-phenyl-cyclopentanecarboxylic acid are mixed with 2.1 g (13 mmol) of carbonyldiimidazole in 52 ml

absolute methylene chloride 1 h at room temperature

touched. 3.0 g (13 mmol) of 5.6-diamino-1,3- dipropyluracil, stirred for a further 16 h and concentrated the solution. The residue is mixed with 65 ml of H ₂ O and

4.2 g of calcium hydroxide are added and the mixture is stirred at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes. 46 ml of 40% sodium hydroxide solution are added to the cooled mixture and the mixture is stirred again at 80 ° C. for 1 hour. With ice cooling, the mixture is acidified to a pH of 2 and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic phase is washed with water, dried and concentrated. The cleaning takes place via a

Silica gel column with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in a ratio of 97: 3, the product is made from a mixture of isopropyl ether and ethanol

recrystallized.

600 mg (12% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as colorless crystals with a melting point of 164-165 ° C.

Example 23

7-Oxabicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-en-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester

10.0 g (0.147 mol) of furan at 10-20 ° C. are mixed with 6.5 g under a nitrogen atmosphere and ice cooling

(49 mmol) alurainium (III) chloride. The temperature is kept between 15 ° C and 35 ° C, while 15.0 g (0.147 mol) of methyl acrylate are added dropwise. The mixture is stirred for 1.5 hours at room temperature, water is added while cooling with ice and the mixture is extracted with dichloromethane. The organic phases are washed with water, dried and concentrated. The purification is carried out by chromatography on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in a ratio of 99: 1 as the eluent.

12.2 g (40% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as a yellow oil. Example 24

7-Oxabicyclo [2.2.1] heptane-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester

5.0 g (29.7 mmol) of exo-7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-en-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester are dissolved in 50 ml of ethanol and with the addition of 0.5 g of palladium on carbon (5%, E10N) until completion hydrogen uptake at 30 ° C and hydrogenated 5 bar. The mixture is filtered and concentrated. 4.5 g (89% of theory) of are obtained

 Title compound as a yellow oil.

Example 25

7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] heptane-2-carboxylic acid

6.1 g (35.8 mmol) of 7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] heptane-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester are dissolved in 15 ml of water and 30 ml of ethanol, and 7.0 g (0.125 mol) of potassium hydroxide are carefully added. The mixture is heated to reflux for one hour, the ethanol is distilled off, the aqueous solution is acidified and extracted with dichloromethane. The organic phases are washed neutral, dried and concentrated.

5.0 g (98.2% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as a yellow, crystallizing oil.

Example 26

7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-en-2-carboxylic acid

3.0 g (17.8 mmol) of 7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-en-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester are suspended in 10 ml of water and 20 ml of ethanol. The temperature is kept below 20 ° C. by ice cooling, while 3.5 g (62.3 mmol) of potassium hydroxide are added. You stir

2 hours at room temperature, the ethanol is distilled off at a bath temperature of 30 ° C. and the aqueous solution is extracted with ethyl acetate. The aqueous phase is acidified to a pH of 6 with ice cooling and extracted with dichloromethane, which combined

organic extracts are dried and concentrated. 0.8 g (32% of theory) of the title compound are obtained as a brown oil.

Example 27

8- (2-exo-7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] heptanyl) -1.3-dipropyl-7H-purine-2.6-dione

The title compound is obtained in accordance with the general instructions and purified by recrystallization from ethanol. The title compound is obtained in the form of colorless crystals in a yield of 17% of theory. Th. Of mp. 215-216 ° C.

Example 28

8- (exo-7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-en-2-yl) dipropyl-7H-purine-2,6-dione

The title compound is prepared according to the general procedure and purified by chromatography on silica gel with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in a ratio of 99: 1. By

Flash chromatography with the same solvent mixture is cleaned again. The product is triturated with ether and suction filtered. The title compound is obtained in the form of colorless crystals, which at 160 ° C under

Melt decomposition.

Interconnections:

7-Benzyl-xanthines of the general formula Ib - as defined in claim 8 and the synthesis scheme on page 24, are important starting compounds for the preparation of pharmacologically active xanthines of the formula I and are claimed as such.

General instructions for the synthesis of 8-substituted xanthine derivatives from 5.6-diamino-1,3-dialkyluracils and carboxylic acids:

The carboxylic acid comes with eguimolar amounts

Carbonyldiimidazole in absolute dichloromethane - if necessary with the addition of absolute

Tetrahydrofuran - stirred for 1 to 4 hours at room temperature. Then you give an equimolar amount

5,6-diamino-1,3-dialkyluracil and stirred

Room temperature 1 - 24 hours after (DC control *). The mixture is concentrated on a rotary evaporator, the residue is taken up in water and 4.5 times the molar amount of calcium hydroxide is added. If the suspension cannot be stirred, add something

Tetrahydrofuran too. The mixture is stirred for 1 to 6 hours at 80 ° C, cooled and after the addition of

30 times the molar amount of 50% sodium hydroxide solution was stirred again at 80 ° C. until the thin layer chromatogram indicated the complete conversion of the amide. Under

Ice cooling is acidified and shaken out with dichloromethane. The neutral washed, combined organic extracts are dried and concentrated and the product by chromatography or

Recrystallization cleaned.

The compounds of the examples below can be prepared analogously to the examples described.

* DC = thin layer chromatography

The compounds of general formula I can be used alone or in combination with others according to the invention

 Active ingredients, optionally also in combination with other pharmacologically active ingredients

 Application. Suitable forms of use are, for example, tablets, capsules, suppositories, solutions, juices, emulsions or dispersible powders.

 Corresponding tablets can be made, for example, by mixing the active ingredient or ingredients with known ones

 Excipients, for example inert

Diluents, such as calcium carbonate,

Calcium phosphate or milk sugar,

 Disintegrants, such as corn starch or alginic acid,

Binders, such as starch or gelatin, lubricants, such as magnesium stearate or talc, and / or agents for achieving the depot effect, such as

 Carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate phthalate, or polyvinyl acetate can be obtained. The tablets can also consist of several layers.

Correspondingly, coated tablets can be coated by coating cores produced analogously to the tablets with agents commonly used in coated tablet coatings, for example collidone or shellac, gum arabic, talc,

Titanium dioxide or sugar. to

The core can also be made up of several depot effects or to avoid incompatibilities

Layers exist. The same can also

Drage cover to achieve a depot effect consist of several layers, the above in the

Tablets mentioned excipients can be used.

Juices of the active substances or combinations of active substances according to the invention can additionally be added

Sweeteners such as saccharin, cyclamate, glycerin or Sugar and a taste-improving agent, for example flavorings such as vanillin or orange extract,

contain. They can also contain suspending agents or thickeners, such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, wetting agents, for example condensation products of fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide, or protective agents, such as p-hydroxybenzoates.

Injection solutions are made in the usual way, e.g. with the addition of preservatives, such as

p-hydroxybenzoates, or stabilizers, such as

Alkali salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

manufactured and filled into injection bottles or ampoules.

 The one or more active ingredients respectively

Capsules containing active ingredient combinations can be produced, for example, by the

Mixes active ingredients with inert carriers such as milk sugar or sorbitol and encapsulates them in gelatin capsules.

Suitable suppositories can be produced, for example, by mixing them with suitable carriers, such as neutral fats or polyethylene glycol or its derivatives.

The following examples illustrate the

present invention without however restricting its scope:

Pharmaceutical formulation examples

A) tablets per tablet

Active ingredient 100 mg

Milk sugar 140 mg

Corn starch 240 mg

Polyvinylpyrrolidone 15 mg

Magnesium stearate 5 mg

500 mg

The finely ground active ingredient, milk sugar and part of the corn starch are mixed together. The

Mixture is sieved, whereupon it is moistened with a solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone in water, kneaded, wet-granulated and dried. The granules, the rest of the corn starch and the magnesium stearate are sieved and mixed together. The mixture becomes

Tablets of suitable shape and size are compressed.

B) tablets per tablet

Active ingredient 80 mg

Corn starch 190 mg

Milk sugar 55 mg

Microcrystalline cellulose 35 mg

Polyvinylpyrrolidone 15 mg

Sodium carboxymethyl starch 23 mg

Magnesium stearate 2 mg

400 mg

The finely ground active ingredient, part of the corn starch, milk sugar, microcrystalline cellulose and

Polyvinylpyrrolidone are mixed together, the mixture is sieved and processed with the rest of the corn starch and water to form a granulate which

is dried and sieved. To do this, add the

Sodium carboxymethyl starch and the magnesium stearate, mix and compress the mixture into tablets of a suitable size.

Claims

Claims 1. New xanthine derivatives of the general formula wherein an alkyl group having 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a  Alkenyl group with 3 or 4  Carbon atoms or an alkynyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms; an alkyl group having 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, one  Alkenyl group with 3 or 4  Carbon atoms or an alkynyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms; an N-linked optionally substituted saturated or unsaturated 5-, 6- or 7-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle which, as further heteroatoms, contains oxygen, sulfur and / or a substituted nitrogen, preferred NC ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, may contain, the Heterocycle can carry one of the following radicals, C ₁ to C ₆ , preferably C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ ; = O, - (CH ₂ ) _1-4 OR ⁴ , - (CH ₂ ) _1-4 OR ⁷ ; R ^{3 is} a monosaccharide, preferably a radical of  formula  wherein R = H, alkyl, OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ , CH ₂ OR ⁴ , CH ₂ OR ⁷ , = O A = O, S, CH ₂ , NC ₁ -C ₆ alkyl,  n, m = 1, 2, 3, 4 and n + m = 3, 4, 5, preferably one if appropriate  substituted tetrahydrofuran or  Tetrahydropyran ring with one, preferably several Residues from the group OR ^4, preferably OH, OR ⁷ , (CH ₂ ) _1-4 OR ⁴ or (CH ₂ ) _1-4 OR ⁷ , preferably CH ₂ OH; R ^{3 is} a substituted C ₄ - C ₈ -, preferably C ₅ or C ₈ cycloalkane, cycloalkanone or Cycloalkanol residue, substituted one or more times by R _{3 is} a ketal of the general formula where A is oxygen or sulfur, m, n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, m + n = 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, R ^a C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl, R ^{b can be} C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, or R ^a and R ^b together form a C ₂ or C ₃ alkylene bridge, which may be mono- or disubstituted by C ₁ - C ₅ alkyl, C ₁ - C ₅ alkyloxycarbonyl or Hydroxy-C ₁ -C ₈ alkyl, preferably hydroxymethyl, is substituted, the carbocyclic ring of the ketal being substituted by one or more of the the following radicals can be substituted: C ₁ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₁ - C ₄ -alkyl, C ₃ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₃ - or C ₄ -alkenyl, C ₃ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₃ - or C ₄ alkynyl, C ₁ -C ₄ alkylidene, phenyl, substituted phenyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, NR ⁵ R ⁶ , COOR ⁴ , CONR ⁵ R ⁶ , OR ⁴ , SR ⁴ , OR ⁷ , - (CH ₂ ) ₁ _ ₄ CONR ⁵ R ⁶ , C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-SR ⁴ , C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl-OR ⁴ , preferably CH, OR ⁴ , C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl OR ⁷ , preferably CH ₂ OR ⁷ , C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl-COO R ⁴ , preferred CH ₂ -COOR ⁴ , - (CH ₂ ) ₁ _ ₄ -NR ⁵ R ⁶ , NHR ⁷ , - (CH ₂ ) _1-4 -NHR ⁷ , preferred NHCO-C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, if appropriate substituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl; R ^{3 is} a radical of the general formula wherein A = CH ₂ , O, S; n, m = 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 and n + m 2, 3, or 4 can mean and one or both rings one or more times by OR ⁴ , C ₁ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₁ - C ₄ -alkyl, C ₃ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₃ - or C ₄ -alkenyl, C ₃ - C ₆ -, preferably C ₃ - or C ₄ -alkynyl, C ₁ - C ₄ -alkylidene, phenyl, substituted phenyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, NR ⁵ R ⁶ , COOR ⁴ , CONR ⁵ R ⁶ , OR ⁴ , SR ⁴ , OR ⁷ , - (CH ₂ ) ₁ _ ₄ -NR ⁵ R ⁶ , - (CH ₂ ) ₁ _ ₄ CONR ₅ R ₆ , C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-SR ⁴ , C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-O R ⁴ , = O, is preferred CH ₂ OR ⁴ , C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-OR ⁷ , preferred CH ₂ OR ⁷ , C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl-COOR ⁴ , preferred CH ₂ -COOR ⁴ , NHR, preferred NHCO-C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, if appropriate substituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl; R ^{3 is} a radical of the general formula R ^{3 is} a radical of the formula with A = O, CH ₂ , -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -, where that Ring system optionally substituted by one or more C ₁ -C ₈ - is preferred C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₂ -C ₈ - preferably C ₂ and C ₃ alkenyl, C ₂ -C ₆ - preferably C ₂ and C ₃ alkynyl, NR ⁵ R ⁶ , COOR ⁴ , CONR ⁵ R ⁶ , OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ , SR ⁴ , = O, CH ₂ OR ⁴ , CH ₂ OR ⁷ , CH ₂ COOR ⁴ , CH ₂ CONR ⁵ R ⁶ preferably a radical of the general formula Hydrogen, C ₁ - C ₈ -, preferably C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl, optionally substituted C ₃ - C ₆ cycloalkyl, optionally substituted C ₁ - C ₄ alkylphenyl, C ₃ - C ₆ -, preferred C ₃ or C ₄ alkenyl, optionally substituted aralkyl; R ^{5 is} hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₆ -, preferred C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, optionally substituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl, optionally  substituted aralkyl; R ^{6 is} hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4, carbon atoms,  optionally substituted aralkyl, preferably an optionally substituted benzyl group, a radical of the general formula - (CH ₂ ) _n -NR ⁵ R ⁵ (R ^{5 is the} same as or different), - (CH ₂ ) _n -CN, - (CH ₂ ) _n -OR ⁴ , - (CH ₂ ) _n -OR, - (CH ₂ ) _n -NHR with n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, or R ⁵ and R ⁶ together form one optionally substituted, preferably substituted by C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl, five-, six- or seven-membered ring, which may contain a further heteroatom from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen, the Nitrogen atom can be substituted by the radical R ⁴ ; R ^{7 is} linked via the carbonyl function  Amino acid residue of a naturally occurring one Amino acid, CO-C ₁ -C ₁₃ alkyl, preferred CO-C ₂ -C ₄ alkyl, optionally substituted CO-C ₁ -C ₁₃ alkylphenyl; R ^{8 is} hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₈ -, preferred C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, optionally substituted C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl, optionally substituted aralkyl; R ^{9 is} hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₆ -, preferred C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, optionally substituted C ₃ -C ₈ cycloalkyl, optionally substituted aralkyl; or R ⁸ and R ⁹ together with the CH ₂ group form an optionally substituted 5- or 6-membered  carbocyclic ring, can mean as a racemate, as an optically active compound, as pure diastereomers or as  Diastereomer mixture as well as, where appropriate, their pharmacologically acceptable  Acid addition salts. 2) New xanthine derivatives of the general formula I, in which R ^{1 is} an alkyl group with 3 to 4  Carbon atoms, a propenyl group or a propargyl group; R ^{2 is} an alkyl group with 3 to 4  Carbon atoms, a propenyl group or a propargyl group; R ^{3 is} an N-linked saturated 5- or  6-membered ring, optionally as a further heteroatom oxygen or  Can contain sulfur - preferably selected from the group pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, thiomorpholine,  Pyrrolidinone - which can carry one or more of the following residues C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ , = O; R ^{3 is} 2,3,4-trihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-5-yl 2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-tetrahydropyran-6-yl 2-hydroxymethyl-3,4,5-trihydroxy-tetrahydropyran- 6-yl, R ^{3 is} a cyclopentane or cyclohexane or  Cyclopentanone or Cyclopentanol or  Cyclohexanone or Cyclohexanol or a  Ethylene ketal of cyclopentanone or Cyclohexanons, which are replaced by C ₁ - C ₄ alkyl, C ₃ - or C ₄ alkenyl, C ₃ - or C ₄ alkynyl, C ₁ -C ₃ alkylidene, optionally substituted phenyl, OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ , CH ₂ -COOR ⁴ , CH ₂ OR ⁷ , NR ⁵ R ⁶ , COOR ⁴ , CONR ⁵ R ⁶ , NHR ⁷ , CH ₂ OR ⁴ substituted are, wherein R ^{4 is} hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or Can mean propyl; R ³ norbonane or norbornene, 7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1] heptane or heptene, 3-oxo-2,7-dioxatricyclo- [4.2.1.0 ^{4 · 8} ] nonane, optionally substituted by CH ₃ , OR ⁴ , OR ⁷ ; R ^{3 is} a bicyclo [3.3.0] octane or oxa- or  Thiabicyclo [3.3.0] octane, if appropriate substituted by OR ⁴ , = O or OR ⁷ ; R ^{4 is} hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 3 Carbon atoms, benzyl, R ⁵ hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 3 Carbon atoms; R ^{6 is} hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, - (CH ₂ ) _n NH ₂ , (CH ₂ ) _n -CN, (CH ₂ ) n -OR (CH ₂ ) _n -OR ⁷ , (CH ₂ ) _n NR ⁵ R ⁵ , (CH ₂ ) _n NHR ⁷ , (n = 2-8); Prolinoyl, CO- (CH ₂ ) _0-3 -CH ₃ , benzoyl, and optionally their optically active Compounds as well as their acid addition salts. 3) Process for the preparation of xanthines  general formula wherein R ¹ , R ² and R ^{3 are} as defined in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a) a compound of the general formula wherein R ¹ and R ^{2 are} as previously defined. with a compound of the general formula R ³ CHO - wherein R ^{3 is defined} as above, functional groups in R ³  may need to be protected - implemented and then with  N, N-dimethylhydrazine cyclized;  or b) a compound of the general formula with a compound of the general formula R ³ CHO, R ³ COOH or their reactive derivative - With functional groups in R ³  may need to be protected - reacted and then cyclized to the xanthine of the general formula I; or c) a compound of the general formula wherein R ¹ , R ² and R ^{3 are} as previously defined  are cyclized to a compound of the general formula I,  and then one after a, b or c  prepared compound optionally converted into its end compound by methods known per se. 4) Use of a compound of general formula I according to claim 1 or 2 as a medicament. 5) Use of a compound of general formula I according to claim 1 or 2 as a medicament with an adenosine antagonistic effect. 6) Pharmaceutical preparations containing as  Active ingredient one or more compounds of general formula I or their physiologically acceptable acid addition salts in combination with conventional auxiliaries and / or carriers. 7) Process for the production of pharmaceutical preparations according to claim 6, characterized  characterized in that connections of the  general formula I with conventional pharmaceutical auxiliaries and / or carriers to usual processed pharmaceutical application forms. 8) New xanthines of the general formula wherein R ¹ and R ² as defined in claim 1 or 2 and R ^{3 is} a radical of the formula wherein  n = 2, 3, 4, 5; m = 0.1  and n + m = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6  R = one or more alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, Alkylene with up to 6, preferably up to 4 Carbon atoms, optionally substituted phenyl, OR 4, OR7, CH ₂ OR ⁷ , CH ₂ OR ⁴ , CH ₂ COOR ^{4 can} mean, and R ⁴ and R ^{7 are} as defined in claim 1 or 2.