EP0484638A1 - Explosive mixture containing polyurethane and process for its manufacture - Google Patents

Explosive mixture containing polyurethane and process for its manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0484638A1
EP0484638A1 EP19910113760 EP91113760A EP0484638A1 EP 0484638 A1 EP0484638 A1 EP 0484638A1 EP 19910113760 EP19910113760 EP 19910113760 EP 91113760 A EP91113760 A EP 91113760A EP 0484638 A1 EP0484638 A1 EP 0484638A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
explosive mixture
moisture
mixture
containing polyurethane
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EP19910113760
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0484638B1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Dr. Scholles
Ulrich Dr. Dicke
Rainer Böhm
Ruth Diekmann
Walter Simon
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Rheinmetall Industrie AG
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Rheinmetall GmbH
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Publication of EP0484638A1 publication Critical patent/EP0484638A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to explosive mixtures containing polyurethane foam and a method for producing such mixtures.
  • PU explosive mixtures are known per se, for example from DE-OS 23 20 357. Such explosives have the advantage of good shape. In addition, the degree of danger is considerably reduced in that the explosives foam and harden without additional heating.
  • a disadvantage of the known explosives is above all that the processability is only possible manually in small amounts due to the rapid reaction of the two foam components, so that a satisfactory homogeneity of the explosive molded body is not achieved. In most cases, machine processing is prohibited for economic and safety reasons. On the other hand, even with these systems, with low explosive densities, no stationary detonation can be achieved without external insulation.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying explosive mixtures containing PU foam in which, on the one hand, the processability is improved in such a way that even larger moldings can be manufactured with high demands on homogeneity. On the other hand, the area should be enlarged in which a stationary, controllable detonation can be observed.
  • the explosive mixture contains a moisture-storing material.
  • a particularly preferred method for producing the explosive mixture is described in claim 4.
  • the invention is therefore based on the idea of admixing a granulate serving as a moisture store, for. B. silica gel to delay the reaction of the two foam components so that there is sufficient time to produce a homogeneous mixture.
  • High internal insulation can be achieved with high density granules, e.g. B. quartz sand, can already be achieved with a share ⁇ 10%. With an explosive content ⁇ 55% and a density ⁇ 1 an uninsulated explosive device can be detonated.
  • the containers 1 and 2 are connected via pipes 3 and 4 to a mixing nozzle 5.
  • the mixing nozzle 5 leads via a pipeline 6 into a shaped body 7.
  • An explosive mixture 11 produced in the molded body 7 is shown in FIG. 2, for example.
  • the explosive components it has, according to the invention, a moisture-storing material denoted by 12 and a material denoted by 13 which increases the internal insulation.
  • a first explosive mixture is filled into the first container, which consists of the first PU component (e.g. Desmophen) and the explosive (e.g. Nitropenta) and the other additives (moisture-storing material such as silica gel) . These components are then mixed together.
  • a second PU component e.g. Desmodur
  • the explosive mixtures are then injected into the molded body 7 by means of pistons 9 and 10, which are acted upon by compressed air 8, via the pipes 3 and 4 and the mixing nozzle 5.
  • the explosive mixtures produced in this way are reproducible, easily processable explosives. It is important, however, that no additional water is used in the mixture and that the silica gel is saturated with water if possible. Because when the foam is formed, the water required is supplied by the silica gel. If water were additionally mixed in, the moisture-storing material would only act as a filler.
  • Component A is the explosive mixture filled in the first container and component B is the explosive mixture filled in the second container.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an explosive mixture containing polyurethane (PU) foam and to a process for the manufacture of such a mixture. To improve the processing of explosive mixtures containing PU foam in such a way that even large mouldings can be produced which meet stringent demands on homogeneity, and nevertheless a steady controllable detonation takes place, it is proposed that the explosive mixture (11) contains a moisture-storing material (12). Preferably, silica gel is used as the moisture-storing material (12). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Polyurethanschaum-enthaltende Sprengstoffmischungen sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Mischungen. PU-Sprengstoffmischungen sind an sich beispielsweise aus der DE-OS 23 20 357 bekannt. Derartige Sprengstoffe haben den Vorteil einer guten Formgebung. Außerdem wird der Gefährlichkeitsgrad dadurch erheblich reduziert, daß die Sprengstoffe ohne zusätzliches Erhitzen verschäumen und aushärten.The invention relates to explosive mixtures containing polyurethane foam and a method for producing such mixtures. PU explosive mixtures are known per se, for example from DE-OS 23 20 357. Such explosives have the advantage of good shape. In addition, the degree of danger is considerably reduced in that the explosives foam and harden without additional heating.

Nachteilig ist bei den bekannten Sprengstoffen vor allen Dingen, daß die Verarbeitbarkeit durch die schnell eintretende Reaktion der beiden Schaumkomponenten nur bei geringen Mengen manuell möglich ist, so daß eine befriedigende Homogenität des Sprengstofformkörpers nicht erreicht wird. Eine maschinelle Verarbeitung verbietet sich in den meisten Fällen aus wirtschaftlichen und sicherheitstechnischen Gründen. Andererseits ist auch mit diesen Systemen bei geringen Sprengstoffdichten keine stationäre Detonation ohne äußere Verdämmung zu erreichen.A disadvantage of the known explosives is above all that the processability is only possible manually in small amounts due to the rapid reaction of the two foam components, so that a satisfactory homogeneity of the explosive molded body is not achieved. In most cases, machine processing is prohibited for economic and safety reasons. On the other hand, even with these systems, with low explosive densities, no stationary detonation can be achieved without external insulation.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, PU-Schaumstoff-enthaltende Sprengstoffmischungen anzugeben, bei denen einerseits die Verarbeitbarkeit so verbessert wird, daß auch größere Formkörper bei hohen Anforderungen an die Homogenität gefertigt werden können. Andererseits soll der Bereich vergrößert werden, in dem eine stationäre, kontrollierbare Detonation beobachtet werden kann.The present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying explosive mixtures containing PU foam in which, on the one hand, the processability is improved in such a way that even larger moldings can be manufactured with high demands on homogeneity. On the other hand, the area should be enlarged in which a stationary, controllable detonation can be observed.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Sprengstoffmischung ein feuchtespeicherndes Material enthält.This object is achieved in that the explosive mixture contains a moisture-storing material.

Ein besonders bevorzugtes Verfahren zur Herstellung der Sprengstoffmischung beschreibt Anspruch 4.A particularly preferred method for producing the explosive mixture is described in claim 4.

Der Erfindung liegt also der Gedanke zugrunde, durch Zumischen eines als Feuchtespeicher dienenden Granulats, z. B. Kieselgel, die Reaktion der beiden Schaumkomponenten so zu verzögern, daß eine ausreichende Zeit zum Herstellen einer homogenen Mischung besteht.The invention is therefore based on the idea of admixing a granulate serving as a moisture store, for. B. silica gel to delay the reaction of the two foam components so that there is sufficient time to produce a homogeneous mixture.

Eine hohe innere Verdämmung kann mit einem Granulat hoher Dichte, z. B. Quarzsand, bereits mit einem Anteil ≦ 10 % erreicht werden. Mit Sprengstoffanteilen < 55 % und einer Dichte < 1 kann ein unverdämmter Sprengkörper zur Detonation gebracht werden.High internal insulation can be achieved with high density granules, e.g. B. quartz sand, can already be achieved with a share ≦ 10%. With an explosive content <55% and a density <1 an uninsulated explosive device can be detonated.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele und mit Hilfe von Figuren beschrieben.Further advantages and details of the invention are described below using several exemplary embodiments and with the aid of figures.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
schematisch eine Prinzipskizze zur Vermischung der Einzelkomponenten und
Fig. 2
schematisch einen Sprengstofformkörper.
Show it:
Fig. 1
schematically a schematic diagram for mixing the individual components and
Fig. 2
schematically an explosive molded body.

In Fig. 1 ist mit 1 ein Behälter mit einer ersten Sprengstoffmischung und mit 2 ein Behälter mit einer zweiten Sprengstoffmischung dargestellt. Die Behälter 1 und 2 sind über Rohrleitungen 3 und 4 mit einer Mischdüse 5 verbunden. Die Mischdüse 5 führt über eine Rohrleitung 6 in einen Formkörper 7.1 shows a container with a first explosive mixture and 2 a container with a second explosive mixture. The containers 1 and 2 are connected via pipes 3 and 4 to a mixing nozzle 5. The mixing nozzle 5 leads via a pipeline 6 into a shaped body 7.

In Fig. 2 ist beispielsweise eine in dem Formkörper 7 hergestellte Sprengstoffmischung 11 dargestellt. Außer den Sprengstoffkomponenten weist sie erfindungsgemäß ein mit 12 bezeichnetes feuchtespeicherndes Material sowie ein mit 13 bezeichnetes, die innere Verdämmung erhöhendes Material auf.An explosive mixture 11 produced in the molded body 7 is shown in FIG. 2, for example. In addition to the explosive components, it has, according to the invention, a moisture-storing material denoted by 12 and a material denoted by 13 which increases the internal insulation.

Zur Herstellung der Sprengstoffmischung 11 wird in den ersten Behälter eine erste Sprengstoffmischung eingefüllt, die aus der ersten PU-Komponente (z. B. Desmophen) und dem Sprengstoff (z. B. Nitropenta) sowie den weiteren Zusätzen (feuchtespeicherndes Material wie Kieselgel) besteht. Diese Komponenten werden dann miteinander vermischt. In den zweiten Behälter wird eine zweite PU-Komponente (z. B. Desmodur) mit dem Sprengstoff und den weiteren Zusätzen eingefüllt und vermischt. Anschließend werden die Sprengstoffmischungen mit Hilfe von Druckluft 8 beaufschlagten Kolben 9 und 10 über die Rohrleitungen 3 und 4 und die Mischdüse 5 in den Formkörper 7 eingespritzt.To produce the explosive mixture 11, a first explosive mixture is filled into the first container, which consists of the first PU component (e.g. Desmophen) and the explosive (e.g. Nitropenta) and the other additives (moisture-storing material such as silica gel) . These components are then mixed together. A second PU component (e.g. Desmodur) is filled and mixed with the explosive and the other additives in the second container. The explosive mixtures are then injected into the molded body 7 by means of pistons 9 and 10, which are acted upon by compressed air 8, via the pipes 3 and 4 and the mixing nozzle 5.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die derart hergestellten Sprengstoffmischungen reproduzierbare, gut verarbeitbare Sprengstoffe darstellen. Wichtig ist allerdings, daß bei der Mischung kein zusätzliches Wasser verwendet wird, und daß das Kieselgel möglichst mit Wasser gesättigt ist. Denn bei der Schaumbildung wird das erforderliche Wasser von dem Kieselgel geliefert. Würde zusätzlich Wasser eingemischt werden, so würde das feuchtespeichernde Material lediglich als Füllstoff wirken.It has been shown that the explosive mixtures produced in this way are reproducible, easily processable explosives. It is important, however, that no additional water is used in the mixture and that the silica gel is saturated with water if possible. Because when the foam is formed, the water required is supplied by the silica gel. If water were additionally mixed in, the moisture-storing material would only act as a filler.

Nachfolgend ist in Tabellenform ein konkretes Ausführungsbeispiel zur Herstellung einer Sprengstoffmischung angegeben worden. Bei der Komponente A handelt es sich um die in den ersten Behälter eingefüllte Sprengstoffmischung und bei der Komponente B die in den zweiten Behälter eingefüllte Sprengstoffmischung.

Figure imgb0001
A specific exemplary embodiment for producing an explosive mixture has been given below in table form. Component A is the explosive mixture filled in the first container and component B is the explosive mixture filled in the second container.
Figure imgb0001

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

11
Behälter mit erster SprengstoffmischungContainer with the first explosive mixture
22nd
Behälter mit zweiter SprengstoffmischungContainer with a second explosive mixture
3 und 43 and 4
RohrleitungenPipelines
55
MischdüseMixing nozzle
66
RohrleitungPipeline
77
FormkörperMolded body
88th
DruckluftCompressed air
99
Kolbenpiston
1010th
Kolbenpiston
1111
SprengstoffmischungExplosives mixture
1212
feuchtespeicherndes Materialmoisture-storing material
1313
QuarzsandQuartz sand

Claims (4)

Polyurethanschaum (PU-)-enthaltende Sprengstoffmischung (11), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sprengstoffmischung (11) ein feuchtespeicherndes Material (12) enthält.Explosive mixture (11) containing polyurethane foam (PU -), characterized in that the explosive mixture (11) contains a moisture-storing material (12). Polyurethanschaum-enthaltende Sprengstoffmischung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet daß als feuchtespeicherndes Material (12) Kieselgel verwendet wird.Explosive mixture containing polyurethane foam according to claim 1, characterized in that silica gel is used as the moisture-storing material (12). Polyurethanschaum-enthaltende Sprengstoffmischung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennnet, daß die Sprengstoffmischung (11) Quarzsand (13) enthält.Explosive mixture containing polyurethane foam according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the explosive mixture (11) contains quartz sand (13). Verfahren zur Herstellung der Sprengstoffmischung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zunächst zwei PU-Schaumstoffkomponenten getrennt mit dem Sprengstoff, dem feuchtespeichernden Material und evtl. weiteren Zusätzen vermischt werden, und daß anschließend dann diese Sprengstoffmischungen miteinander vermischt werden.Process for the preparation of the explosive mixture according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that first two PU foam components are mixed separately with the explosive, the moisture-storing material and possibly other additives, and that these explosive mixtures are then mixed together.
EP91113760A 1990-11-03 1991-08-16 Explosive mixture containing polyurethane and process for its manufacture Expired - Lifetime EP0484638B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4034988A DE4034988A1 (en) 1990-11-03 1990-11-03 POLYURETHANEUM-CONTAINING SPRING MIXTURE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
DE4034988 1990-11-03

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EP0484638A1 true EP0484638A1 (en) 1992-05-13
EP0484638B1 EP0484638B1 (en) 1994-01-19

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2320357A1 (en) * 1973-04-21 1974-11-07 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Porous explosives prodn. from polyurethane components - using solid explosive and giving selectable detonation rate and pressure
FR2247486A1 (en) * 1973-10-16 1975-05-09 Bayer Ag
EP0148521A2 (en) * 1983-12-12 1985-07-17 SOLVAY & Cie (Société Anonyme) Process for preparing a cellular material based on organic isocyanate prepolymers and a water fixing additive, cellular material and composition useful in the process
EP0261515A1 (en) * 1986-09-18 1988-03-30 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Storage stable, low temperature, solventless, curable urethane composition

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2320357A1 (en) * 1973-04-21 1974-11-07 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Porous explosives prodn. from polyurethane components - using solid explosive and giving selectable detonation rate and pressure
FR2247486A1 (en) * 1973-10-16 1975-05-09 Bayer Ag
EP0148521A2 (en) * 1983-12-12 1985-07-17 SOLVAY & Cie (Société Anonyme) Process for preparing a cellular material based on organic isocyanate prepolymers and a water fixing additive, cellular material and composition useful in the process
EP0261515A1 (en) * 1986-09-18 1988-03-30 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Storage stable, low temperature, solventless, curable urethane composition

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DE4034988A1 (en) 1992-05-07
EP0484638B1 (en) 1994-01-19
DE59100902D1 (en) 1994-03-03

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