EP0484302B1 - Automatisch arbeitender Brenner für Kohlenstaub oder für irgendeinen anderen festen Brennstoff - Google Patents

Automatisch arbeitender Brenner für Kohlenstaub oder für irgendeinen anderen festen Brennstoff Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0484302B1
EP0484302B1 EP91830476A EP91830476A EP0484302B1 EP 0484302 B1 EP0484302 B1 EP 0484302B1 EP 91830476 A EP91830476 A EP 91830476A EP 91830476 A EP91830476 A EP 91830476A EP 0484302 B1 EP0484302 B1 EP 0484302B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
dust
air
holes
combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91830476A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0484302A3 (en
EP0484302A2 (de
Inventor
Francesco Floris
Corrado Partesotti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie lEnergia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile ENEA
Original Assignee
Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie lEnergia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile ENEA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0484302A2 publication Critical patent/EP0484302A2/de
Publication of EP0484302A3 publication Critical patent/EP0484302A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0484302B1 publication Critical patent/EP0484302B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/005—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner designed in particular to be supplied with coal dust, solid fuels from urban solid refuses, industrial waste, also referred to RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel), or any other solid fuel which can be turned into dust.
  • RDF Refuse Derived Fuel
  • Such a burner is known from the DE-A-32 06 074.
  • the burner is of the self-contained enbloc type and can operate automatically.
  • the invention provides a metering device 1 and a burner supplied by such metering device and formed of four coaxial bodies, namely cylindrical body 2 in which the dust is conveyed along with the carrier air, body 3 conveying the swirling air as better described afterwards, body 4 for the air-gas mixture feeding the auxiliary flame to fire the dust, and the outer sleeve 7 in which the combustion air is conveyed.
  • a fitting 5 provided with flange 6 for the connection of the whole device to the furnace (not shown), as well as a nozzle ejecting the flame 8.
  • the metering device (Fig. 3) includes a hopper 9 receiving the powdery fuel with the desired granulometry. At the base of the hopper a pair of rotors 10 turn in the direction indicated by the arrows. Such rotors carry radial vanes 11 which form compartments or pockets having an essentially constant volume together with the seats formed in the stationary casing 12.
  • Radial vanes 11 are offset so that the dust from the hopper is mixed and supplied to the feeding chamber 13 under rotors 10.
  • a disc 14 rotating within hopper 9 is provided with tangential studs 15 and radial studs 16 having the function of avoiding dust cloggings. All of such rotating members are driven by gearmotor 17 through gears 18 and 19. It is evident that the flow rate of the dust can continuously be varied from zero to the predetermined maximum value by varying the speed of rotors 10.
  • Pipe 20 ends at the front side in a Venturi tube nozzle 21 carrying a ring of holes 22 converging to the axis of pipe 20 and misaligned sideways so as to cause air flowing from inlet 23 through the annular room 24 about pipe 20 defined by sleeve 25 to swirl.
  • Another annular room 26 is provided coaxially to the axis of the ejecting pipe 20, in which room an air-gas mixture flows from inlet 27.
  • Such room 26 ends at the front side in a ring of nozzles 28 angularly spaced and intended to eject a plurality of flames surrounding the outlet of nozzle 21.
  • a further annular room 29 defined by sleeves 3 and 4 conveyes the combustion air from inlet 30 which is generated by a known electric fan not shown.
  • the annular room 29 of the combustion air ends at the front side in a frusto-conical "horn" fitting 31 carrying a double ring of holes 32 converging to the axis of pipe 20 and misaligned so as to cause the combustion air to swirl in the opposite direction of rotation of the dust ejected by nozzle 21.
  • the dust swirls out of nozzle 21 and is fired by the surrounding ring of auxiliary flames ejected by nozzles 28. Once the predetermined conditions of the thermal rate are reached, the auxiliary flames can be blown out (by shutting off only the gas) so that the combustion is supported only by the dust.
  • the operation of the dust burner is completely automatic, including firing which is provided by a little blowing air burner (drive burner) having a low thermal value, for example 7000 kcal/h.
  • the drive burner is automatic and provided with electric firing means and flame control means.
  • the combustion air to be supplied to the drive burner is fed by the electric fan also supplying the auxiliary burner associated to the dust burner with the combustion air.
  • the firing steps are as follows:
  • the drive burner operates as long as the dust burner is under operating conditions and even as the latter is blown out due to the reaching of the maximum temperature.
  • the auxiliary pre-firing gas burner formed of the nozzle ring 28 is fired.
  • the latter burner has a prefixed thermal value of 30.000 to 60.000 kcal/h.
  • the combustion chamber can reach the requested minimum temperature; once the desired temperature is reached, the combustion air, the swirling air, the dust atomizing carrier air, and the dust at the minimum flow rate arm let in. After the dust is fired with the aid of the auxiliary flame, the flow rate of the fuel is automatically adjusted to the desired value.
  • the gas of the auxiliary burner is shut off and the combustion is supported only by the dust fuel, as previously mentioned.
  • the blowing out of the auxiliary burner is provided only if a good combustion can be self-sustained by means of the fuel being used; in case of a poor, hardly burning fuel, the auxiliary burner is kept fired. In any case the drive burner is kept in operation.
  • the thermal value of the burner is settled to the actual requirement of the user; if also the minimum flow rate is overflowing, the whole burner is blown out except for the drive burner. The whole burner assembly will be fired again when believed it necessary by the control means.
  • the re-firing steps are the same as those already described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Brenner für Kohlenstaub oder für irgendeinen anderen blockförmigen, festen Brennstoff mit einer horizontalen Achse, folgendes umfassend: einen Brennkopf mit einer Mehrzahl koaxialer, zylindrischer Leitungen mit einer Büchse (20), die den Staub von besagter Mischkammer abtransportiert und in einer Zerstäuberdüse (21) endet, eine Leitung (24) für die Wirbelluft, eine Leitung (26) zum Einlaß eines Luft-Gas-Gemisches, die in einem Vorzündloch für die Hilfsflamme endet, und eine Leitung (29) der Verbrennungsluft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zerstäuberdüse (21) am vorderen Ende der Büchse (20), die das Luft-Staub-Gemisch überträgt, eine erste konvergierende, kegelstumpfförmige Eingangslänge, eine zweite zylindrische Länge und eine dritte kegelstumpfförmig divergierende Ausgangslänge, um den Gemischdurchsatz zu vermindern und gleichzeitig den Strahl aufzuweiten wobei im konischen Bereich der dritten Länge eine Mehrzahl von Löchern (22) angeordnet sind, wobei diese Löcher (22) bezüglich der longitudinalen Achse des Brenners schräge Achsen haben, die bezüglich der Mittelachse der Düse (21) verlagert sind, wobei diese Löcher (22) mit der Wirbellufteinlaßleitung (24), die die Düse koaxial umgibt, in Verbindung stehen, so daß die durch diese Löcher strömende Luft verwirbelt und zum Strahl des zerstäubten Staubes befördert wird.
  2. Brenner für Kohlenstaub nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zerstäuberdüse (21) im Zentrum eines ringförmigen Vorzünd- und/oder Hilfsbrenners angeordnet ist, der einen Flammenring um die den Staub ausstoßende Düse (21) erzeugt, wobei dieser Vorzünd- und/oder Hilfsbrenner aus einem Ring gebildet ist, in dem eine Mehrzahl zylindrischer, gleichmäßig beabstandeter Löcher angeordnet ist, in denen ebenso viele kegelstumpfförmige Düsen (28) mit Ausgangslöchern deren Achsen parallel zu denen der Staubeinlaßlertung (20) sind, vorgesehen sind, und die alle mit der Leitung (26) das Luft-Gas-Gemisches, die die Staubeinlaßleitung (20) umgibt, verbunden sind.
  3. Brenner für kohlenstaub nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagte Düsen (28) des Vorzünd- und/oder Hilfsbrenners mit zweiten Löchern ausgescattet sind, die schräg bezüglich der longitudinalen Achse des Brenners in der konischen Wand ausgebildet sind, wobei diese Löcher derart ausgeformt sind, daß sie kleine Flammen ausstoßen, um jedes Erlöschen der Flamme zu verhindern.
  4. Brenner für Kohlenstaub nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Achsen der zylindrischen Löcher (32), die im kegelstumpfförmigen Ringkörper (31) außerhalb des Vorzünd- und/oder Hilfsbrenners vorgesehen sind, schräg bezüglich der longitudinalen Achse des Brenners sind, wobei diese Löcher (32) von der Mittelachse des Brennkopfes versezt sind, so daß die durch diese Löcher (22) beförderte Luft in die entgegensetzte Richtung wie die der Rotation in der Zerstäuberdüse (21) verwirbelt wird, so daß die Verbrennungsluft den zerstäubten Brennstoff im Brennkopf kreuzt.
  5. Brenner für Kohlenstaub nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Flußraten unabhängig eingestellt werden können, um optimale Verbrennungsbedingungen als Funktion des benötigten Heizwertes zur Verfügung zu stellen, wobei diese insbesondere durch einen weiten Regelbereich der die Verbrennung unterstrützenden Luft, der Wirbelluft und der Staub tragenden Luft zur Verfügung gestellt werden.
  6. Brenner für Kohlenstaub nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er folgendes umfaßt : eine Dosiervorrichtung (1) mit einem Beschickungstrichter (9), um Staub an eine darunter liegende Mischkammer zuzuführen, wo der Staub mit der Trägerluft vermischt wird, wobei die besagte Dosiereinheit (1) ein Paar Rotoren (10) umfaßt, deren Achsen parallel sind und die entgegengesetzte Rotationsrichtungen haben, die mit Schaufeln (11) ausgerüstet sind, die eine Mehrzahl kleiner Kammern oder Taschen umschließen, die durch die Wandung des stationären Gehäuses der Rotoren nach außen abgeschlossen sind und oben über die Beschikkungsöffnung am Boden des Trichters (9) eine Verbindung nach außen haben und unten mit einer Kammer an der Unterseite der Dosiervorrichtung in Verbindung stehen.
EP91830476A 1990-11-02 1991-10-31 Automatisch arbeitender Brenner für Kohlenstaub oder für irgendeinen anderen festen Brennstoff Expired - Lifetime EP0484302B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT48438A IT1241557B (it) 1990-11-02 1990-11-02 Bruciatore di polverino di carbone o altri combustibili solidi in genere, a funzionamento automatico.
IT4843890 1990-11-02

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0484302A2 EP0484302A2 (de) 1992-05-06
EP0484302A3 EP0484302A3 (en) 1992-10-21
EP0484302B1 true EP0484302B1 (de) 1996-04-24

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91830476A Expired - Lifetime EP0484302B1 (de) 1990-11-02 1991-10-31 Automatisch arbeitender Brenner für Kohlenstaub oder für irgendeinen anderen festen Brennstoff

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0484302B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69119030D1 (de)
IT (1) IT1241557B (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020134287A1 (en) * 2001-03-23 2002-09-26 Olin-Nunez Miguel Angel Method and system for feeding and burning a pulverized fuel in a glass melting furnace, and burner for use in the same
AT413283B (de) * 2004-04-01 2006-01-15 Tribovent Verfahrensentwicklg Einrichtung und verfahren zum oxidieren, reduzieren, kalzinieren, sintern oder schmelzen von stäuben
AT514131B1 (de) * 2013-04-11 2015-11-15 A Tec Holding Gmbh Verfahren zum Verbrennen von fossilen Brennstoffen und Ersatzbrennstoffen und Brenner zum Ausführen des Verfahrens
CN111559007B (zh) * 2020-05-18 2022-02-11 许昌德通振动搅拌科技股份有限公司 一种制砖生产线及其加水方法
CN114992626B (zh) * 2022-04-26 2024-05-24 浙江伊诺环保集团股份有限公司 一种用于飞灰捕捉回收的二次喷吹燃烧装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4408548A (en) * 1979-04-17 1983-10-11 Jorg Schmalfeld Pulverized coal combustion method and apparatus
DE3206074A1 (de) * 1982-02-17 1983-08-18 Körting Hannover AG, 3000 Hannover Brenner fuer staubfoermige, gasfoermige und/oder fluessige brennstoffe
US4688496A (en) * 1985-07-26 1987-08-25 Enatech Corporation Pulverized coal burner
DE3530683A1 (de) * 1985-08-28 1987-03-12 Pillard Feuerungen Gmbh Verfahren zur herabsetzung der no(pfeil abwaerts)x(pfeil abwaerts)-emissionen von drehrohroefen und brenner zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0484302A3 (en) 1992-10-21
IT1241557B (it) 1994-01-17
IT9048438A1 (it) 1992-05-02
IT9048438A0 (it) 1990-11-02
DE69119030D1 (de) 1996-05-30
EP0484302A2 (de) 1992-05-06

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