EP0484236A1 - Method of spreading bitumen at low velocity, device used in such a method and machine comprising such a device - Google Patents

Method of spreading bitumen at low velocity, device used in such a method and machine comprising such a device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0484236A1
EP0484236A1 EP91402906A EP91402906A EP0484236A1 EP 0484236 A1 EP0484236 A1 EP 0484236A1 EP 91402906 A EP91402906 A EP 91402906A EP 91402906 A EP91402906 A EP 91402906A EP 0484236 A1 EP0484236 A1 EP 0484236A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spreading
machine
binder
ramp
speed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91402906A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0484236B1 (en
Inventor
Bernard Luzu
Pierre Richard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
A C M A R A Responsabilite Ltee Ste
Acmar SAS
Original Assignee
A C M A R A Responsabilite Ltee Ste
Acmar SAS
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Publication of EP0484236A1 publication Critical patent/EP0484236A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/48—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/005—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 mounted on vehicles or designed to apply a liquid on a very large surface, e.g. on the road, on the surface of large containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0405—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with reciprocating or oscillating spray heads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/12—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for distributing granular or liquid materials
    • E01C19/16—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for distributing granular or liquid materials for applying or spreading liquid materials, e.g. bitumen slurries
    • E01C19/17—Application by spraying or throwing
    • E01C19/176—Spraying or throwing elements, e.g. nozzles; Arrangement thereof or supporting structures therefor, e.g. spray-bars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for spreading bitumen and in particular binder; it also relates to the device for implementing the method as well as the machine, of the finisher type for example, capable of including such a device.
  • the creation or repair of pavements by depositing a layer of bituminous mixes using a finisher, requires the prior spreading of a bonding layer.
  • This bonding layer is spread over the surface to be treated by spreading bituminous binder or bitumen emulsion. This spreading is often carried out before the passage of the paver, using a conventional spreading vehicle; the finisher therefore has to move over the layer of freshly spread binder, like the vehicles responsible for supplying it with bituminous mixes.
  • the paver which has its own propulsion means, moves on the surface to be treated, at a speed which is less than 25m / min, generally of the order of 12 to 13m / min.
  • the spreading of the bituminous binder is an operation which is carried out at a speed significantly higher than that of the paver, taking into account the nature of the binder, generally around 30 m / min.
  • the binder is a product whose viscosity requires the use of nozzles provided with an appropriate flow orifice. These orifices have an optimized section so as to avoid the risks of blockage.
  • the flow rate of the nozzles is relatively large and, therefore, taking into account the dosages imposed, that is to say taking into account the quantity of binder deposited per m2, its spreading takes place at a relatively high speed, significantly higher than that encountered for the removal of asphalt.
  • the invention provides means which make it possible to carry out a precise spreading of the binder from a machine whose speed of advance on the surface to be treated is relatively low, which speed corresponds in particular to that encountered on machines. asphalt removal.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to spread bituminous binder, by means of a ramp fitted with conventional nozzles, that is to say nozzles whose flow rate is such that the risks of clogging are nonexistent; this ramp can be installed directly on the paver.
  • the invention mainly proposes means which make it possible to overcome the constraints of spreading a bituminous binder and to carry out this spreading regardless of the speed of advance of the machine which deposits the mix; thus the invention makes it possible to preserve the characteristics of the spreading of the binder, of the complete stopping of this machine, up to its maximum speed.
  • the dosage of the binder that is to say the quantity of binder deposited per m2 of surface to be treated, promotes the quality of the bonding of the mix but also the quality of the surface condition of said mix.
  • the invention also makes it possible to promote breakage with the deposition of the mix, that is to say to achieve a natural dissociation of the water-bitumen mixture, allowing a certain time to elapse between the two operations, namely the spreading operation on the one hand and the asphalt removal operation on the other hand. This feature tends to improve the quality of the bonding of the asphalt layer on the surface to be treated.
  • the invention makes it possible to work on the site under much better conditions, due to the cleanliness of the site, which in particular improves the safety of the personnel and, subsequently, that of the users.
  • the method according to the invention consists in producing a bonding layer by spreading the binder intermittently, directly from the asphalt coating machine, spreading over the surface to be treated taking place at a speed which , with respect to the ground, is greater than or equal to the speed of advance of said asphalt mixing machine.
  • the method consists in depositing step by step, the binder, in a precise perimeter, so as to form plates which are juxtaposed substantially edge to edge to form a layer of binder, continuous and substantially regular in thickness, on the surface to be treated, whatever the variations in speed of advancement of the machine.
  • the method consists in breaking down each spreading step by carrying out at least one spreading time which is carried out on a forward and / or return movement of the boom, and at least one time d 'stop, without spreading, the duration of which is linked to the speed of advance of the machine, in reverse.
  • the invention also relates to the spreading device which allows the implementation of the method, this device is supported by a mobile machine on the ground and it comprises at least one spreading ramp provided with at least one nozzle forming a jet. binder; this device comprises means making it possible to move the jet of binder relative to said machine, at a speed greater than or equal to the speed of advance of this machine, at least during the phase of spreading the binder on the ground.
  • the spreading device comprises at least one slide integral with the machine, making it possible to move the ramp on said slide sequentially, or means making it possible to oscillate the nozzles to sweep the surface to be treated with binder jets.
  • the spreading device comprises means for determining the path traveled by the machine on the ground, means for triggering the sweeping back and forth movements, and for establishing the stop time or times as a function of the said path traveled.
  • the spreading device comprises, for maneuvering the boom, two opposite cylinders, of the single-acting type, supplied through a distributor of the crossed type, which cylinders each include an orifice allowing, by limit switch, a free escape of the operating fluid during the stop time of the ramp.
  • the invention also relates to the machine and in particular the paver allowing the creation or repair of pavements, of the type comprising, at the front, a hopper for receiving asphalt, and, at the rear, a table for distributing these asphalt on the ground, and a device for spreading of binder which makes it possible to spread the latter over the surface to be treated intermittently, at a speed greater than or equal to the maximum speed of advance of the paver.
  • this finisher comprises several sections of spreading ramps, arranged so as to cover the entire surface intended to receive the mix, without however preferably carrying out the spreading of this binder on the area of passage of the tracks or wheels of said paver, before their passage.
  • the finisher comprises a ramp, telescopic or not, disposed at the front, that is to say under the hopper for receiving asphalt, and spreading nozzles disposed behind the tracks or the wheels, in front of the distribution table, which nozzles replace the corresponding nozzles of the ramp arranged at the front.
  • Figure 1 schematically, a machine of the finisher type allowing the application on the floor of a layer of material of the bituminous coated type.
  • This finisher has a track-like undercarriage 1 or wheels, which in particular supports a hopper 2 at the front, and it includes, at the rear of the tracks, a table 3 used for the distribution of the material on the surface. treat.
  • a bonding layer is spread out beforehand by means of a ramp 4 arranged transversely on the machine.
  • the spreading ramp 4 is located behind the tracks 1 to avoid the latter to roll over the freshly deposited bonding layer.
  • the ramp 4 b can be placed at the front of the finisher. This arrangement improves accessibility to the boom for maintenance operations and has the advantage of allowing a certain time to elapse between the two operations, namely the spreading operation on the one hand, and the operation on the other hand.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b have illustrated some possibilities for positioning the ramp 4 on the finisher.
  • a ramp 4 a which extends to the rear caterpillars 1 over the entire width of the finisher.
  • a section 41 at the front of the finisher which covers the space between the tracks 1.
  • This ramp 41 can be arranged in front of the tracks 1, under the hopper 2 for example.
  • the rolling area of the tracks 1 is covered either by a short section 42, or by a wider section 43, which extends beyond the size of the tracks.
  • the part located outside the tracks 1 can also be covered by a section 44 which completes the action of the section 42.
  • These different sections 41 to 44 carry out the spreading of a layer corresponding to the width of the distribution table 3. These different sections are positioned so as to avoid rolling of the tracks 1 on the bonding layer.
  • FIG. 2b shows a ramp 45, of the telescopic type by means of two lateral portions 46, which is located at the front of the finisher, under the hopper 2.
  • this ramp at the front will be used.
  • the risks of slipping and fouling of the tracks require the use of nozzles 47 arranged at the rear of the tracks of the finisher. These nozzles 47 will replace the corresponding nozzles of the ramp 45 located at the front.
  • the ramps 4 a and 4 b are equipped with conventional nozzles comprising sprinklers whose sections allow flow rates of the order of 3 to 9 liters per minute, which avoids the risks of clogging.
  • FIG. 3 shows a simple diagram functional, a spreading device arranged transversely to the direction of advance of the carrier machine which makes it possible to produce longitudinal strips 6 of binder, arranged edge to edge to form the bonding layer.
  • Each strip 6 has a width which corresponds to the distance between two nozzles 7 of the ramp 4 and it consists of a plurality of plates 8 juxtaposed and arranged edge to edge on the surface to be covered.
  • These plates 8 have a shape which depends on the speed of advance. Their shape is most often almost rectangular; it looks like a parallelogram when the ratio between the speed of spreading of the binder and that of depositing the asphalt decreases. When the speed of the machine varies between two scans, there may be a slight overlap of the plates 8.
  • the length of the plates corresponds to the width of the strips 6 and their width corresponds to the width of the jet 9 of the nozzles 7.
  • the ramp 4 is guided by appropriate means on a slide 10 which is integral with the frame 11 of the finishing machine.
  • This slide 10 is arranged transversely to the direction of advance of the machine. It can consist of several sections which are then arranged, as for the ramps shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, either at the front of the machine, or laterally with respect to the tracks 1, or at the rear of the tracks 1.
  • the ramp 4 is movable on this slide 10 by means of a jack 12 integral with the frame 11 and which is actuated by a distributor 13 by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic supply for example.
  • the stroke C of the jack 12 corresponds to the spacing between two nozzles 7 of the ramp 4. It also corresponds to the width of a strip 6 of binder.
  • This cylinder 12 is controlled, through the distributor 13, by means of a sensor-like member 14, which triggers a spreading sequence as a function of information given for example by a wheel 15, in contact with the ground.
  • This wheel 15 is a coded wheel, by appropriate means, of the nipple or hole type which cooperates with the member. detector 14 so as to trigger a spreading sequence when the finishing machine has advanced by a distance which corresponds to the pitch P of the spreading.
  • This pitch P of the spreading corresponds to the width of the jet 9 or bundle of binder projected by the nozzles 7, on the ground.
  • Each strip 6 of binder consists of a juxtaposition of plates 8 whose dimensions correspond to the stroke C of the jack 12 and to the pitch P of the spreading, that is to say to the imprint of the beam of the nozzle 7, on the ground.
  • the nozzles 7 spread the binder within a very precise perimeter by means of a sweep of the surface to be treated.
  • the binder layer is obtained by a transverse scanning movement; it can be obtained by a longitudinal scanning movement. This scanning is itself obtained either by an overall movement of the nozzle carrying ramp 7, or by an oscillation movement of the nozzles around transverse or longitudinal axes.
  • the nozzles 7 are oriented accordingly to position the jet 9 in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement or oscillation of the nozzle.
  • a longitudinal sweep that is to say a sweep in the same direction as the advancement of the machine, the variations in the advancement speed of said machine will not cause overlapping phenomena of two successive plates 8, as may possibly be observed in the case of a transverse scan.
  • damping means 16 and 17 arranged at the ends of the slide 10 to soften the transverse movement of the ramp 4.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a succession of sequences of spreading of binder by the device of FIG. 3. Schematically shown on this diagram, the movement of the nozzles 7, seen from above, on the ground.
  • the diagram shows the transverse stroke C of a nozzle 7 and its longitudinal displacement D.
  • the nozzle travels a forward path A which corresponds to the stroke C of the jack 12, then it performs a return R of the same elongation which reposition it at its starting point.
  • the outward and return journey of the nozzle takes place in a time which is less than the time necessary for the machine to cover the pitch P of the spreading.
  • the ramp 4 remains in the rest position while the machine continues to advance, while waiting for the start of another spreading sequence.
  • This rest period S makes it possible to absorb any variations in speed of the finishing machine. If the time required for a nozzle to go back and forth becomes greater than the time taken by the machine to cover the spreading step, it suffices to multiply the number of nozzles to reduce the time spent in a sequence by as much, during spreading, and maintain a sufficient rest period S between two spreading sequences.
  • This spreading is generally carried out in a single layer during the outward journey A of the nozzle.
  • FIG. 5 shows, by means of a functional diagram, a spreading device which takes up the essential characteristics of the device represented in FIG. 3.
  • the surface which is to receive the coating layer, is covered with binder and in particular with plates 8 as described in relation to FIG. 3.
  • the spreading device comprises two jacks 21 and 22 arranged back to back, to operate the boom 4.
  • These jacks 21 and 22 are of the single effect type : the jack 21 pulls the ramp to move it from left to right, as shown in Figure 5; the jack 22 pulls on the ramp 4 to move it from the right to the left.
  • These two cylinders have the same stroke C which corresponds to the distance between two nozzles 7.
  • These jacks 21 and 22 each comprise a supply 211-221 which is located at the level of the passage face of the rod of each of them. At the other end of the body of these jacks, there are respectively the exhaust ports 212 and 222, located upstream of the piston when the latter reaches the end of the stroke. There is thus obtained end-of-travel damping and a pressure drop in the hydraulic supply circuit without prejudice to operation. This feature provides a free escape of the operating fluid during the downtime of the ramp at each end of travel.
  • the jacks 21 and 22 are integral with the frame 11 of the machine. They are positioned in opposition, as shown in Figure 5.
  • the volume of their chamber can be different to allow a variation in the speed of movement of the ramp 4 on the outward and return as the feed rate is constant .
  • This possibility of varying the speed of the ramp on the outward and return journey makes it possible to carry out different dosages depending on whether the nozzles are used on the outward or return journey.
  • the use of the outward and return for spreading allows a dosage of 750g / m2.
  • This variation of the dosage can thus be carried out simply by a choice of the spreading period by means of a simple selector, without changing anything at installation.
  • the two jacks 21 and 22 are actuated under the effect of a distributor 23 of the crossed type comprising an electromagnet which allows the displacement of the drawer in one direction, and a return spring of the drawer.
  • This distributor 23 receives an order to operate one of the jacks; deleting this order automatically operates the other cylinder.
  • the distributor 23 is subject to the orders of a counter programmable electronics 24 which receives the pulses from a generator 25 driven by any suitable means whose movement is proportional to the speed of advance of the machine.
  • this generator 25 is mounted at the end of a drive shaft for the tracks 1 of the machine; it determines its advance on the surface to be treated, and the distance traveled.
  • the cylinders 21 and 22 are supplied by a pump 26 drawing from a reservoir 27.
  • the outlet orifices 212 and 222 situated at the bottom of the cylinders 21 and 22 are connected to the reservoir 27 containing the hydraulic fluid, by a conduit 28.
  • FIG. 6 shows schematically the movement of the nozzles 7 on the surface to be treated, as a function of the movement of the machine.
  • These nozzles 7 carry out rounds A and return R interspersed with exposure time SA , SR .
  • the electronic counter 24 sends pulses intended for the distributor 23, to activate one of the jacks 21 or 22; the duration of these pulses corresponds to half the time necessary to travel a distance P which corresponds to the width on the ground of the jets 9, according to the example of FIGS. 5 and 3a.
  • the supply pressure is practically zero, due to the free escape of the hydraulic fluid through the orifice 212.
  • the pulse normally given to the solenoid of the distributor 23 is suppressed, and it is the spring of the latter which comes into action to allow the supply of the 'other cylinder 22, which causes the return movement of the ramp at the end of which a rest time SR is observed until the moment when a new pulse on the solenoid of the distributor 23 allows another forward movement of the ramp .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The method consists in simultaneously effecting, on a finisher for example, a spraying of the bonding binder and the deposition of the bituminous mix. The spraying of the binder is effected, at a speed which is greater than the speed of deposition of the bituminous mix, by means of conventional spray nozzles. The spraying device, installed on the finisher, for implementing the method, comprises at least one spray boom (4a, 4b) arranged in front of the table (3) used for the distribution of the bituminous mix over the ground. The spray boom or booms are mounted on a slide arranged transversely relative to the direction of advance of the finisher, and means for manoeuvring the boom, in the form of one or more rams controlled by a distributor through the action of an apparatus for measuring the displacement of the finisher relative to the ground, trigger the spraying sequences of the binder in step with the advance of the finisher. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'épandage de bitume et en particulier de liant ; elle concerne également le dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé ainsi que la machine, du genre finisseur par exemple, susceptible de comporter un tel dispositif.The present invention relates to a process for spreading bitumen and in particular binder; it also relates to the device for implementing the method as well as the machine, of the finisher type for example, capable of including such a device.

La réalisation ou la réfection de chaussées, par dépôt d'une couche d'enrobés bitumineux au moyen d'un finisseur, nécessite l'épandage préalable d'une couche d'accrochage. Cette couche d'accrochage est étalée sur la surface à traiter par épandage de liant bitumineux ou émulsion de bitume. Cet épandage est souvent réalisé avant le passage du finisseur, au moyen d'un véhicule classique d'épandage ; le finisseur est donc amené à se déplacer sur la couche de liant fraîchement étalé, comme les véhicules chargés de l'alimenter en enrobés bitumineux.The creation or repair of pavements, by depositing a layer of bituminous mixes using a finisher, requires the prior spreading of a bonding layer. This bonding layer is spread over the surface to be treated by spreading bituminous binder or bitumen emulsion. This spreading is often carried out before the passage of the paver, using a conventional spreading vehicle; the finisher therefore has to move over the layer of freshly spread binder, like the vehicles responsible for supplying it with bituminous mixes.

Sur le chantier, les opérations de dépose d'enrobés et d'épandage de liant, s'effectuent à des vitesses totalement différentes. Le finisseur, qui comporte ses propres moyens de propulsion, évolue sur la surface à traiter, à une vitesse qui est inférieure à 25m/mn, généralement de l'ordre de 12 à 13m/mn. L'épandage du liant bitumineux est une opération qui s'effectue à une vitesse nettement plus importante que celle du finisseur, compte-tenu de la nature du liant, généralement autour de 30m/mn. Le liant est un produit dont la viscosité impose l'utilisation de gicleurs munis d'un orifice d'écoulement approprié. Ces orifices ont une section optimisée de façon à éviter les risques de bouchage. Le débit des gicleurs est relativement important et, de ce fait, compte-tenu des dosages imposés, c'est-à-dire compte-tenu de la quantité de liant déposé par m², son épandage s'effectue à une vitesse relativement élevée, nettement supérieure à celle que l'on rencontre pour la dépose de l'enrobé.On site, the asphalt laying and binder spreading operations are carried out at completely different speeds. The paver, which has its own propulsion means, moves on the surface to be treated, at a speed which is less than 25m / min, generally of the order of 12 to 13m / min. The spreading of the bituminous binder is an operation which is carried out at a speed significantly higher than that of the paver, taking into account the nature of the binder, generally around 30 m / min. The binder is a product whose viscosity requires the use of nozzles provided with an appropriate flow orifice. These orifices have an optimized section so as to avoid the risks of blockage. The flow rate of the nozzles is relatively large and, therefore, taking into account the dosages imposed, that is to say taking into account the quantity of binder deposited per m², its spreading takes place at a relatively high speed, significantly higher than that encountered for the removal of asphalt.

L'invention propose des moyens qui permettent de réaliser un épandage précis du liant à partir d'une machine dont la vitesse d'avancement sur la surface à traiter est relativement faible, laquelle vitesse correspond notamment à celle que l'on rencontre sur les machines de dépose d'enrobés.The invention provides means which make it possible to carry out a precise spreading of the binder from a machine whose speed of advance on the surface to be treated is relatively low, which speed corresponds in particular to that encountered on machines. asphalt removal.

L'invention permet ainsi d'épandre du liant bitumineux, au moyen d'une rampe équipée de gicleurs classiques, c'est-à-dire des gicleurs dont le débit est tel que les risques de bouchage sont inexistants ; cette rampe pouvant être installée directement sur le finisseur.The invention thus makes it possible to spread bituminous binder, by means of a ramp fitted with conventional nozzles, that is to say nozzles whose flow rate is such that the risks of clogging are nonexistent; this ramp can be installed directly on the paver.

L'invention propose principalement des moyens qui permettent de surmonter les contraintes de l'épandage d'un liant bitumineux et de réaliser cet épandage quelle que soit la vitesse d'avancement de la machine qui dépose l'enrobé ; ainsi l'invention permet de conserver les caractéristiques de l'épandage du liant, de l'arrêt complet de cette machine, jusqu'à sa vitesse maximale.The invention mainly proposes means which make it possible to overcome the constraints of spreading a bituminous binder and to carry out this spreading regardless of the speed of advance of the machine which deposits the mix; thus the invention makes it possible to preserve the characteristics of the spreading of the binder, of the complete stopping of this machine, up to its maximum speed.

Le dosage du liant, c'est-à-dire la quantité de liant déposée par m² de surface à traiter, favorise la qualité de l'accrochage de l'enrobé mais aussi la qualité de l'état de surface dudit enrobé.The dosage of the binder, that is to say the quantity of binder deposited per m² of surface to be treated, promotes the quality of the bonding of the mix but also the quality of the surface condition of said mix.

L'invention permet encore de favoriser la rupture avec la dépose de l'enrobé, c'est-à-dire de réaliser une dissociation naturelle du mélange eau-bitume, en laissant s'écouler un certain temps entre les deux opérations, à savoir l'opération d'épandage d'une part et l'opération de dépose de l'enrobé d'autre part. Cette particularité tend à améliorer la qualité de l'accrochage de la couche d'enrobé sur la surface à traiter.The invention also makes it possible to promote breakage with the deposition of the mix, that is to say to achieve a natural dissociation of the water-bitumen mixture, allowing a certain time to elapse between the two operations, namely the spreading operation on the one hand and the asphalt removal operation on the other hand. This feature tends to improve the quality of the bonding of the asphalt layer on the surface to be treated.

D'une manière générale, l'invention permet de travailler sur le chantier dans de bien meilleures conditions, du fait de la propreté du chantier, ce qui améliore notamment la sécurité du personnel et, ultérieurement, celle des usagers.In general, the invention makes it possible to work on the site under much better conditions, due to the cleanliness of the site, which in particular improves the safety of the personnel and, subsequently, that of the users.

Le procédé selon l'invention consiste à réaliser une couche d'accrochage en étalant le liant de façon intermittente, directement à partir de la machine de dépose de l'enrobé, l'étalement sur la surface à traiter s'effectuant à une vitesse qui, par rapport au sol, est supérieure ou égale à la vitesse d'avancement de ladite machine de dépose d'enrobés.The method according to the invention consists in producing a bonding layer by spreading the binder intermittently, directly from the asphalt coating machine, spreading over the surface to be treated taking place at a speed which , with respect to the ground, is greater than or equal to the speed of advance of said asphalt mixing machine.

Toujours selon l'invention, le procédé consiste à déposer pas à pas, du liant, dans un périmètre précis, de façon à former des plaques qui se juxtaposent sensiblement bord à bord pour constituer une couche de liant, continue et sensiblement régulière en épaisseur, sur la surface à traiter, quelles que soient les variations de vitesse d'avancement de la machine.Still according to the invention, the method consists in depositing step by step, the binder, in a precise perimeter, so as to form plates which are juxtaposed substantially edge to edge to form a layer of binder, continuous and substantially regular in thickness, on the surface to be treated, whatever the variations in speed of advancement of the machine.

Selon une disposition préférentielle de l'invention, le procédé consiste à décomposer chaque pas d'épandage en réalisant au moins un temps d'épandage qui s'effectue sur un mouvement aller et/ou retour de la rampe, et au moins un temps d'arrêt, sans épandage, dont la durée estliée à la vitesse d'avancement de la machine, de façon inverse.According to a preferred arrangement of the invention, the method consists in breaking down each spreading step by carrying out at least one spreading time which is carried out on a forward and / or return movement of the boom, and at least one time d 'stop, without spreading, the duration of which is linked to the speed of advance of the machine, in reverse.

L'invention concerne également le dispositif d'épandage qui permet la mise en oeuvre du procédé, ce dispositif est supporté par une machine mobile sur le sol et il comporte au moins une rampe d'épandage munie d'au moins une buse formant un jet de liant ; ce dispositif comporte des moyens permettant de déplacer le jet de liant par rapport à ladite machine, à une vitesse supérieure ou égale à la vitesse d'avancement de cette machine, au moins pendant la phase d'épandage du liant sur le sol.The invention also relates to the spreading device which allows the implementation of the method, this device is supported by a mobile machine on the ground and it comprises at least one spreading ramp provided with at least one nozzle forming a jet. binder; this device comprises means making it possible to move the jet of binder relative to said machine, at a speed greater than or equal to the speed of advance of this machine, at least during the phase of spreading the binder on the ground.

Selon une disposition préférentielle de l'invention, le dispositif d'épandage comporte au moins une glissière solidaire de la machine, permettant de déplacer de façon séquentielle, la rampe sur ladite glissière, ou des moyens permettant de faire osciller les buses pour balayer la surface à traiter avec les jets de liant.According to a preferred arrangement of the invention, the spreading device comprises at least one slide integral with the machine, making it possible to move the ramp on said slide sequentially, or means making it possible to oscillate the nozzles to sweep the surface to be treated with binder jets.

Toujours selon l'invention, le dispositif d'épandage comprend des moyens de détermination du chemin parcouru par la machine sur le sol, des moyens pour déclencher les mouvements aller et retour de balayage, et pour établir le ou les temps d'arrêt en fonction dudit chemin parcouru.Still according to the invention, the spreading device comprises means for determining the path traveled by the machine on the ground, means for triggering the sweeping back and forth movements, and for establishing the stop time or times as a function of the said path traveled.

Selon une autre disposition préférentiellle de l'invention, le dispositif d'épandage comprend, pour manoeuvrer la rampe, deux vérins opposés, du type à simple effet, alimentés à travers un distributeur du type croisé, lesquels vérins comportent chacun un orifice permettant, en bout de course, un échappement libre du fluide de manoeuvre durant le temps d'arrêt de la rampe.According to another preferred arrangement of the invention, the spreading device comprises, for maneuvering the boom, two opposite cylinders, of the single-acting type, supplied through a distributor of the crossed type, which cylinders each include an orifice allowing, by limit switch, a free escape of the operating fluid during the stop time of the ramp.

L'invention concerne également la machine et en particulier le finisseur permettant la réalisation ou la réfection de chaussées, du type comportant, à l'avant, une trémie de réception des enrobés, et, à l'arrière, une table de répartition de ces enrobés sur le sol, et un dispositif d'épandage de liant qui permet d'étaler ce dernier sur la surface à traiter de façon intermittente, à une vitesse supérieure ou égale à la vitesse maximale d'avancement du finisseur.The invention also relates to the machine and in particular the paver allowing the creation or repair of pavements, of the type comprising, at the front, a hopper for receiving asphalt, and, at the rear, a table for distributing these asphalt on the ground, and a device for spreading of binder which makes it possible to spread the latter over the surface to be treated intermittently, at a speed greater than or equal to the maximum speed of advance of the paver.

Ce finisseur comporte selon un premier mode de réalisation, plusieurs tronçons de rampes d'épandage, disposés de façon à recouvrir toute la surface destinée à recevoir l'enrobé, sans toutefois, de préférence, réaliser l'épandage de ce liant sur la zone de passage des chenilles ou des roues dudit finisseur, avant leur passage.According to a first embodiment, this finisher comprises several sections of spreading ramps, arranged so as to cover the entire surface intended to receive the mix, without however preferably carrying out the spreading of this binder on the area of passage of the tracks or wheels of said paver, before their passage.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le finisseur comporte une rampe, télescopique ou non, disposée à l'avant, c'est-à-dire sous la trémie de réception des enrobés, et des buses d'épandage disposées derrière les chenilles ou les roues, devant la table de répartition, lesquelles buses se substituent aux buses correspondantes de la rampe disposée à l'avant.According to another embodiment, the finisher comprises a ramp, telescopic or not, disposed at the front, that is to say under the hopper for receiving asphalt, and spreading nozzles disposed behind the tracks or the wheels, in front of the distribution table, which nozzles replace the corresponding nozzles of the ramp arranged at the front.

L'invention sera encore illustrée à l'aide de la description suivante et des dessins annexés donnés à titre indicatif, et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente, de façon schématique, une machine du type finisseur comportant un dispositif d'épandage de liant selon l'invention ;
  • les figures 2a et 2b illustrent plusieurs possibilités d'installation d'un dispositif d'épandage selon l'invention, sur une machine du type finisseur ;
  • la figure 3 représente, au moyen d'un schéma fonctionnel notamment, le dispositif d'épandage selon l'invention, vu de dessus ;
  • la figure 3a représente, en perspective, deux buses qui étalent une couche de liant ;
  • la figure 4 est un diagramme illustrant les séquences d'épandage et en particulier la course de chaque buse en fonction du déplacement de la machine ;
  • la figure 5 représente, au moyen d'un schéma fonctionnel notamment, un autre dispositif d'épandage selon l'invention, vu de dessus ;
  • la figure 6 est un diagramme illustrant les séquences d'épandage et en particulier la course de chaque buse en fonction du déplacement de la machine, du dispositif représenté figure 5.
The invention will be further illustrated with the aid of the following description and the appended drawings given for information, and in which:
  • Figure 1 shows, schematically, a machine of the finisher type comprising a binder spreading device according to the invention;
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b illustrate several possibilities for installing a spreading device according to the invention, on a machine of the finisher type;
  • FIG. 3 represents, by means of a functional diagram in particular, the spreading device according to the invention, seen from above;
  • FIG. 3a represents, in perspective, two nozzles which spread a layer of binder;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the spreading sequences and in particular the stroke of each nozzle as a function of the movement of the machine;
  • FIG. 5 represents, by means of a functional diagram in particular, another spreading device according to the invention, seen from above;
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the spreading sequences and in particular the stroke of each nozzle as a function of the movement of the machine, of the device represented in FIG. 5.

On a représenté, figure 1, de façon schématique, une machine du genre finisseur permettant l'application sur la chaussée d'une couche de matériau du genre enrobé bitumineux. Ce finisseur comporte un train de roulement en forme de chenille 1 ou de roues, qui supporte notamment une trémie 2 à l'avant, et il comporte, à l'arrière des chenilles, une table 3 servant à la répartition du matériau sur la surface à traiter. Pour réaliser une bonne liaison entre la surface à traiter et le nouveau revêtement, on étale préalablement une couche d'accrochage au moyen d'une rampe 4 disposée transversalement sur la machine.There is shown, Figure 1, schematically, a machine of the finisher type allowing the application on the floor of a layer of material of the bituminous coated type. This finisher has a track-like undercarriage 1 or wheels, which in particular supports a hopper 2 at the front, and it includes, at the rear of the tracks, a table 3 used for the distribution of the material on the surface. treat. To achieve a good bond between the surface to be treated and the new coating, a bonding layer is spread out beforehand by means of a ramp 4 arranged transversely on the machine.

La rampe d'épandage 4a se situe en arrière des chenilles 1 pour éviter à ces dernières de rouler sur la couche d'accrochage fraîchement déposée.The spreading ramp 4 is located behind the tracks 1 to avoid the latter to roll over the freshly deposited bonding layer.

On obtient ainsi un chantier parfaitement propre ; l'émulsion d'accrochage est située uniquement sous la couche d'enrobés.A perfectly clean site is thus obtained; the bonding emulsion is located only under the asphalt layer.

Cependant, dans certains cas, on peut disposer la rampe 4b à l'avant du finisseur. Cette disposition améliore l'accessibilité à la rampe pour les opérations d'entretien et elle présente l'avantage de laisser s'écouler un certain temps entre les deux opérations à savoir l'opération d'épandage d'une part, et l'opération de dépose de l'enrobé d'autre part.However, in some cases, the ramp 4 b can be placed at the front of the finisher. This arrangement improves accessibility to the boom for maintenance operations and has the advantage of allowing a certain time to elapse between the two operations, namely the spreading operation on the one hand, and the operation on the other hand.

On a illustré, figures 2a et 2b, quelques possibilités de positionnement de la rampe 4 sur le finisseur.FIGS. 2a and 2b have illustrated some possibilities for positioning the ramp 4 on the finisher.

On peut en effet utiliser une rampe 4a qui s'étend à l'arrière des chenilles 1 sur toute la largeur du finisseur. On peut également utiliser selon la place disponible sur le finisseur, plusieurs portions de rampes comme représenté figure 2a. Ainsi, on peut disposer un tronçon 41 à l'avant du finisseur, qui couvre l'espace compris entre les chenilles 1. Cette rampe 41 peut être disposée en avant des chenilles 1, sous la trémie 2 par exemple. La zone de roulement des chenilles 1 est couverte soit par un tronçon court 42, soit par un tronçon 43 plus large, qui déborde en dehors de l'encombrement des chenilles. La partie située à l'extérieur des chenilles 1 peut également être couverte par un tronçon 44 qui complète l'action du tronçon 42.It can in fact use a ramp 4 a which extends to the rear caterpillars 1 over the entire width of the finisher. One can also use, depending on the space available on the finisher, several portions of ramps as shown in FIG. 2a. Thus, one can have a section 41 at the front of the finisher, which covers the space between the tracks 1. This ramp 41 can be arranged in front of the tracks 1, under the hopper 2 for example. The rolling area of the tracks 1 is covered either by a short section 42, or by a wider section 43, which extends beyond the size of the tracks. The part located outside the tracks 1 can also be covered by a section 44 which completes the action of the section 42.

Ces différents tronçons 41 à 44 réalisent l'épandage d'une couche correspondant à la largeur de la table de répartition 3. Ces différents tronçons sont positionnés de façon à éviter le roulement des chenilles 1 sur la couche d'accrochage.These different sections 41 to 44 carry out the spreading of a layer corresponding to the width of the distribution table 3. These different sections are positioned so as to avoid rolling of the tracks 1 on the bonding layer.

La figure 2b présente une rampe 45, du type télescopique au moyen de deux portions latérales 46, qui se situe à l'avant du finisseur, sous la trémie 2. Selon le type de dosage, et en particulier pour les dosages faibles, seule cette rampe située à l'avant sera utilisée. Pour des dosages forts, c'est-à-dire supérieurs à 800g/m², les risques de patinage et d'encrassement des chenilles nécessitent l'utilisation de buses 47 disposées à l'arrière des chenilles du finisseur. Ces buses 47 se substitueront aux buses correspondantes de la rampe 45 située à l'avant.FIG. 2b shows a ramp 45, of the telescopic type by means of two lateral portions 46, which is located at the front of the finisher, under the hopper 2. Depending on the type of dosage, and in particular for low dosages, only this ramp at the front will be used. For strong dosages, that is to say greater than 800 g / m², the risks of slipping and fouling of the tracks require the use of nozzles 47 arranged at the rear of the tracks of the finisher. These nozzles 47 will replace the corresponding nozzles of the ramp 45 located at the front.

Les rampes 4a et 4b sont équipées avec des buses classiques comportant des gicleurs dont les sections permettent des débits de l'ordre de 3 à 9 litres par minute, ce qui évite les risques de bouchage.The ramps 4 a and 4 b are equipped with conventional nozzles comprising sprinklers whose sections allow flow rates of the order of 3 to 9 liters per minute, which avoids the risks of clogging.

On remarque, figures 2a, 2b, que les rampes 41 à 47 constituant le dispositif d'épandage sont mobiles transversalement par rapport au sens d'avancement de la machine finisseur, tout comme les rampes 4a et 4b illustrées figure 1. Cette configuration permet de réduire au maximum l'encombrement du dispositif d'épandage sur le finisseur. Toutefois, ce dispositif d'épandage peut être mobile longitudinalement, c'est-à-dire se déplacer dans le même sens que le finisseur, avec une vitesse par rapport au sol qui est supérieure ou égale à celle de ce dernier.Note, Figures 2a, 2b, that the ramps 41 to 47 constituting the spreading device are movable transversely relative to the direction of travel of the finishing machine, just like the ramps 4 a and 4 b illustrated in Figure 1. This configuration makes it possible to reduce the overall dimensions of the spreading device on the finisher as much as possible. However, this spreading device can be movable longitudinally, that is to say move in the same direction as the paver, with a speed relative to the ground which is greater than or equal to that of the latter.

On a représenté, figure 3, par un simple schéma fonctionnel, un dispositif d'épandage disposé transversalement par rapport au sens d'avancement de la machine porteuse qui permet de réaliser des bandes longitudinales 6 de liant, disposées bord à bord pour former la couche d'accrochage. Chaque bande 6 a une largeur qui correspond à l'écart entre deux buses 7 de la rampe 4 et elle est constituée d'une pluralité de plaques 8 juxtaposées et disposées bord à bord sur la surface à recouvrir. Ces plaques 8 ont une forme qui dépend de la vitesse d'avancement. Leur forme est le plus souvent quasiment rectangulaire ; elle ressemble à un parallélogramme lorsque le rapport entre la vitesse de l'étalement du liant et celle de la dépose de l'enrobé diminue. Lorsque la vitesse de la machine varie entre deux balayages, il peut y avoir un léger chevauchement des plaques 8. La longueur des plaques correspond à la largeur des bandes 6 et leur largeur correspond à la largeur du jet 9 des buses 7. La rampe 4 est guidée par des moyens appropriés sur une glissière 10 qui est solidaire du bâti 11 de la machine finisseur. Cette glissière 10 est disposée transversalement par rapport au sens d'avancement de la machine. Elle peut être constituée de plusieurs tronçons qui sont alors disposés, comme pour les rampes montrées figures 2a et 2b, soit à l'avant de la machine, soit latéralement par rapport aux chenilles 1, soit à l'arrière des chenilles 1. La rampe 4 est mobile sur cette glissière 10 au moyen d'un vérin 12 solidaire du bâti 11 et qui est actionné par un distributeur 13 grâce à une alimentation hydraulique ou pneumatique par exemple. La course C du vérin 12 correspond à l'espacement entre deux buses 7 de la rampe 4. Elle correspond aussi à la largeur d'une bande 6 de liant.FIG. 3 shows a simple diagram functional, a spreading device arranged transversely to the direction of advance of the carrier machine which makes it possible to produce longitudinal strips 6 of binder, arranged edge to edge to form the bonding layer. Each strip 6 has a width which corresponds to the distance between two nozzles 7 of the ramp 4 and it consists of a plurality of plates 8 juxtaposed and arranged edge to edge on the surface to be covered. These plates 8 have a shape which depends on the speed of advance. Their shape is most often almost rectangular; it looks like a parallelogram when the ratio between the speed of spreading of the binder and that of depositing the asphalt decreases. When the speed of the machine varies between two scans, there may be a slight overlap of the plates 8. The length of the plates corresponds to the width of the strips 6 and their width corresponds to the width of the jet 9 of the nozzles 7. The ramp 4 is guided by appropriate means on a slide 10 which is integral with the frame 11 of the finishing machine. This slide 10 is arranged transversely to the direction of advance of the machine. It can consist of several sections which are then arranged, as for the ramps shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, either at the front of the machine, or laterally with respect to the tracks 1, or at the rear of the tracks 1. The ramp 4 is movable on this slide 10 by means of a jack 12 integral with the frame 11 and which is actuated by a distributor 13 by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic supply for example. The stroke C of the jack 12 corresponds to the spacing between two nozzles 7 of the ramp 4. It also corresponds to the width of a strip 6 of binder.

Ce vérin 12 est commandé, à travers le distributeur 13, au moyen d'un organe 14 du genre capteur, qui déclenche une séquence d'épandage en fonction d'informations données par exemple par une roue 15, en contact avec le sol. Cette roue 15 est une roue codée, par des moyens appropriés, du genre tétons ou orifices qui coopèrent avec l'organe détecteur 14 de façon à déclencher une séquence d'épandage lorsque la machine finisseur a avancé d'une distance qui correspond au pas P de l'épandage. Ce pas P de l'épandage correspond à la largeur du jet 9 ou faisceau de liant projeté par les buses 7, sur le sol.This cylinder 12 is controlled, through the distributor 13, by means of a sensor-like member 14, which triggers a spreading sequence as a function of information given for example by a wheel 15, in contact with the ground. This wheel 15 is a coded wheel, by appropriate means, of the nipple or hole type which cooperates with the member. detector 14 so as to trigger a spreading sequence when the finishing machine has advanced by a distance which corresponds to the pitch P of the spreading. This pitch P of the spreading corresponds to the width of the jet 9 or bundle of binder projected by the nozzles 7, on the ground.

Chaque bande 6 de liant, est constituée d'une juxtaposition de plaques 8 dont les dimensions correspondent à la course C du vérin 12 et au pas P de l'épandage, c'est-à-dire à l'empreinte du faisceau de la buse 7, sur le sol.Each strip 6 of binder consists of a juxtaposition of plates 8 whose dimensions correspond to the stroke C of the jack 12 and to the pitch P of the spreading, that is to say to the imprint of the beam of the nozzle 7, on the ground.

On a illustré figure 3a, l'étalement du liant pour constituer une couche d'accrochage continue sur la surface à traiter. Les buses 7 étalent le liant dans un périmètre bien précis au moyen d'un balayage de la surface à traiter. Dans le cas de la figure 3a, la couche de liant est obtenue par un mouvement de balayage transversal ; elle peut être obtenue par un mouvement de balayage longitudinal. Ce balayage est lui-même obtenu soit par un mouvement global de la rampe porteuse des buses 7, soit par un mouvement d'oscillation des buses autour d'axes transversaux ou longitudinaux. Les buses 7 sont orientées en conséquence pour positionner le jet 9 dans un sens perpendiculaire au sens de déplacement ou d'oscillation de la buse. Dans le cas d'un balayage longitudinal, c'est-à-dire d'un balayage dans le même sens que l'avancement de la machine, les variations de la vitesse d'avancement de ladite machine ne provoqueront pas de phénomènes de chevauchement de deux plaques 8 successives, comme on peut éventuellement l'observer dans le cas d'un balayage transversal.Illustrated in FIG. 3a, the spreading of the binder to form a continuous bonding layer on the surface to be treated. The nozzles 7 spread the binder within a very precise perimeter by means of a sweep of the surface to be treated. In the case of FIG. 3a, the binder layer is obtained by a transverse scanning movement; it can be obtained by a longitudinal scanning movement. This scanning is itself obtained either by an overall movement of the nozzle carrying ramp 7, or by an oscillation movement of the nozzles around transverse or longitudinal axes. The nozzles 7 are oriented accordingly to position the jet 9 in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement or oscillation of the nozzle. In the case of a longitudinal sweep, that is to say a sweep in the same direction as the advancement of the machine, the variations in the advancement speed of said machine will not cause overlapping phenomena of two successive plates 8, as may possibly be observed in the case of a transverse scan.

On remarque, figure 3, sur le dispositif d'épandage, des moyens amortisseurs 16 et 17 disposés, aux extrémités de la glissière 10 pour adoucir le mouvement transversal de la rampe 4.Note, in FIG. 3, on the spreading device, damping means 16 and 17 arranged at the ends of the slide 10 to soften the transverse movement of the ramp 4.

On remarque aussi une deuxième roue 18 disposée de l'autre côté du dispositif par rapport à la roue 15, servant éventuellement à le soutenir et le maintenir par rapport au sol.There is also a second wheel 18 arranged on the other side of the device relative to the wheel 15, possibly serving to support and maintain it relative to the ground.

La figure 4 illustre une succession de séquences d'épandage de liant par le dispositif de la figure 3. On a fait figurer schématiquement, sur ce diagramme, le mouvement des buses 7, vu de dessus, sur le sol. Le diagramme fait apparaître la course transversale C d'une buse 7 et son déplacement longitudinal D. Au départ d'une séquence, la buse parcourt un trajet aller A qui correspond à la course C du vérin 12, puis elle effectue un retour R de même allongement qui la repositionne à son point de départ. Le trajet aller et retour de la buse s'effectue dans un temps qui est inférieur au temps nécessaire à la machine pour parcourir le pas P de l'épandage. La rampe 4 se maintient en position repos pendant que la machine continue à avancer, en attendant le démarrage d'une autre séquence d'épandage. Cette période de repos S permet d'absorber les variations de vitesse éventuelles de la machine finisseur. Si le temps nécessaire à une buse pour faire un aller et retour devient supérieur au temps mis par la machine pour parcourir le pas d'épandage, il suffit de multiplier le nombre de buses pour réduire d'autant le temps consacré, dans une séquence, à l'épandage, et maintenir une période de repos S suffisante entre deux séquences d'épandage.FIG. 4 illustrates a succession of sequences of spreading of binder by the device of FIG. 3. Schematically shown on this diagram, the movement of the nozzles 7, seen from above, on the ground. The diagram shows the transverse stroke C of a nozzle 7 and its longitudinal displacement D. At the start of a sequence, the nozzle travels a forward path A which corresponds to the stroke C of the jack 12, then it performs a return R of the same elongation which reposition it at its starting point. The outward and return journey of the nozzle takes place in a time which is less than the time necessary for the machine to cover the pitch P of the spreading. The ramp 4 remains in the rest position while the machine continues to advance, while waiting for the start of another spreading sequence. This rest period S makes it possible to absorb any variations in speed of the finishing machine. If the time required for a nozzle to go back and forth becomes greater than the time taken by the machine to cover the spreading step, it suffices to multiply the number of nozzles to reduce the time spent in a sequence by as much, during spreading, and maintain a sufficient rest period S between two spreading sequences.

Cet épandage s'effectue généralement en une seule couche pendant le trajet aller A de la buse. On peut envisager un épandage par plusieurs couches ; le liant est alors étalé à l'aller et au retour de la buse.This spreading is generally carried out in a single layer during the outward journey A of the nozzle. One can envisage a spreading by several layers; the binder is then spread on the way to and from the nozzle.

On a représenté, figure 5, au moyen d'un schéma fonctionnel, un dispositif d'épandage qui reprend les caractéristiques essentielles du dispositif représenté figure 3. La surface qui doit recevoir la couche d'enrobés, est recouverte de liant et en particulier de plaques 8 comme décrit en relation avec la figure 3.FIG. 5 shows, by means of a functional diagram, a spreading device which takes up the essential characteristics of the device represented in FIG. 3. The surface which is to receive the coating layer, is covered with binder and in particular with plates 8 as described in relation to FIG. 3.

Pour diminuer les à-coups et en particulier les coups de bélier dans le circuit hydraulique, le dispositif d'épandage comporte deux vérins 21 et 22 disposés dos à dos, pour manoeuvrer la rampe 4. Ces vérins 21 et 22 sont du type simple effet : le vérin 21 tire la rampe pour la déplacer de la gauche vers la droite, comme représenté figure 5 ; le vérin 22 tire sur la rampe 4 pour la déplacer de la droite vers la gauche. Ces deux vérins ont une même course C qui correspond à l'écart entre deux buses 7.To reduce jolts and in particular water hammer in the hydraulic circuit, the spreading device comprises two jacks 21 and 22 arranged back to back, to operate the boom 4. These jacks 21 and 22 are of the single effect type : the jack 21 pulls the ramp to move it from left to right, as shown in Figure 5; the jack 22 pulls on the ramp 4 to move it from the right to the left. These two cylinders have the same stroke C which corresponds to the distance between two nozzles 7.

Ces vérins 21 et 22 comportent chacun une alimentation 211-221 qui se situe au niveau de la face de passage de la tige de chacun d'eux. A l'autre extrémité du corps de ces vérins, on trouve respectivement les orifices d'échappement 212 et 222, situés en amont du piston lorsque celui-ci arrive en fin de course. On obtient ainsi un amortissement en fin de course et une chute de pression dans le circuit hydraulique d'alimentation sans préjudice pour le fonctionnement. Cette particularité procure un échappement libre du fluide de manoeuvre pendant les temps d'arrêt de la rampe à chaque fin de course.These jacks 21 and 22 each comprise a supply 211-221 which is located at the level of the passage face of the rod of each of them. At the other end of the body of these jacks, there are respectively the exhaust ports 212 and 222, located upstream of the piston when the latter reaches the end of the stroke. There is thus obtained end-of-travel damping and a pressure drop in the hydraulic supply circuit without prejudice to operation. This feature provides a free escape of the operating fluid during the downtime of the ramp at each end of travel.

Les vérins 21 et 22 sont solidaires du bâti 11 de la machine. Ils sont positionnés en opposition, comme représenté figure 5. Le volume de leur chambre peut être différent pour permettre une variation de la vitesse de déplacement de la rampe 4 à l'aller et au retour dans la mesure où le débit d'alimentation est constant. Cette possibilité de variation de la vitesse de la rampe à l'aller et au retour permet de réaliser des dosages différents selon que l'on utilise les buses à l'aller ou au retour. Ainsi, on peut avoir un aller à vitesse lente pour un dosage de 450g/m² et un retour à vitesse rapide qui permet de limiter le dosage à 300g/m². L'utilisation de l'aller et du retour pour l'épandage permet un dosage à 750g/m².The jacks 21 and 22 are integral with the frame 11 of the machine. They are positioned in opposition, as shown in Figure 5. The volume of their chamber can be different to allow a variation in the speed of movement of the ramp 4 on the outward and return as the feed rate is constant . This possibility of varying the speed of the ramp on the outward and return journey makes it possible to carry out different dosages depending on whether the nozzles are used on the outward or return journey. Thus, we can have a go at slow speed for a dosage of 450g / m² and a return at fast speed which allows to limit the dosage to 300g / m². The use of the outward and return for spreading allows a dosage of 750g / m².

Cette variation du dosage peut ainsi s'effectuersimplement par un choix de la période d'épandage au moyen d'un simple sélecteur, sans rien changer à l'installation.This variation of the dosage can thus be carried out simply by a choice of the spreading period by means of a simple selector, without changing anything at installation.

Les deux vérins 21 et 22 sont actionnés sous l'effet d'un distributeur 23 du type croisé comportant un électroaimant qui permet le déplacement du tiroir dans un sens, et un ressort de rappel du tiroir. Ce distributeur 23 reçoit un ordre pour faire fonctionner l'un des vérins ; la suppression de cet ordre fait automatiquement fonctionner l'autre vérin.The two jacks 21 and 22 are actuated under the effect of a distributor 23 of the crossed type comprising an electromagnet which allows the displacement of the drawer in one direction, and a return spring of the drawer. This distributor 23 receives an order to operate one of the jacks; deleting this order automatically operates the other cylinder.

Le distributeur 23 est soumis aux ordres d'un compteur électronique programmable 24 qui reçoit les impulsions provenant d'une génératrice 25 entraînée par tout moyen approprié dont le mouvement est proportionnel à la vitesse d'avancement de la machine. De préférence, cette génératrice 25 est montée en bout d'un arbre d'entrainement des chenilles 1 de la machine ; elle détermine son avance sur la surface à traiter, et le chemin parcouru.The distributor 23 is subject to the orders of a counter programmable electronics 24 which receives the pulses from a generator 25 driven by any suitable means whose movement is proportional to the speed of advance of the machine. Preferably, this generator 25 is mounted at the end of a drive shaft for the tracks 1 of the machine; it determines its advance on the surface to be treated, and the distance traveled.

L'alimentation des vérins 21 et 22 s'effectue au moyen d'une pompe 26 puisant dans un réservoir 27. Les orifices de sortie 212 et 222 situés au fond des vérins 21 et 22 sont reliés au réservoir 27 contenant le fluide hydraulique, par un conduit 28.The cylinders 21 and 22 are supplied by a pump 26 drawing from a reservoir 27. The outlet orifices 212 and 222 situated at the bottom of the cylinders 21 and 22 are connected to the reservoir 27 containing the hydraulic fluid, by a conduit 28.

On a représenté schématiquement figure 6, le mouvementdes buses 7 sur la surface à traiter, en fonction du déplacement de la machine. Ces buses 7 effectuent des séquences aller A et retour R entrecoupées de temps de pose SA, SR. Le compteur électronique 24 émet des impulsions destinées au distributeur 23, pour activer l'un des vérins 21 ou 22 ; la durée de ces impulsions correspond à la moitié du temps nécessaire pour parcourir une distance P qui correspond à la largeur au sol des jets 9, selon l'exemple des figures 5 et 3a. Ainsi, à la fin du mouvement aller A, on observe une pose SA pendant laquelle le vérin 21 par exemple, qui a procédé au déplacement de la rampe 4, continue à être alimenté. Cependant, la pression d'alimentation est pratiquement nulle, du fait de l'échappement libre du fluide hydraulique par l'orifice 212. Dès que le temps imparti par le compteur 24 est écoulé, c'est-à-dire un temps qui correspond à la moitié du temps nécessaire pour parcourir le pas P, l'impulsion normalement donnée à l'électro-aimant du distributeur 23, est supprimée, et c'est le ressort de ce dernier qui entre en action pour permettre l'alimentation de l'autre vérin 22, lequel provoque le mouvement retour de la rampe à l'issue duquel un temps de repos SR est observé jusqu'au moment où une nouvelle impulsion sur l'électro-aimant du distributeur 23 permet un autre mouvement aller de la rampe.FIG. 6 shows schematically the movement of the nozzles 7 on the surface to be treated, as a function of the movement of the machine. These nozzles 7 carry out rounds A and return R interspersed with exposure time SA , SR . The electronic counter 24 sends pulses intended for the distributor 23, to activate one of the jacks 21 or 22; the duration of these pulses corresponds to half the time necessary to travel a distance P which corresponds to the width on the ground of the jets 9, according to the example of FIGS. 5 and 3a. Thus, at the end of the forward movement A , there is a pose SA during which the jack 21 for example, which has moved the ramp 4, continues to be supplied. However, the supply pressure is practically zero, due to the free escape of the hydraulic fluid through the orifice 212. As soon as the time allocated by the counter 24 has elapsed, that is to say a time which corresponds at half the time necessary to travel step P , the pulse normally given to the solenoid of the distributor 23 is suppressed, and it is the spring of the latter which comes into action to allow the supply of the 'other cylinder 22, which causes the return movement of the ramp at the end of which a rest time SR is observed until the moment when a new pulse on the solenoid of the distributor 23 allows another forward movement of the ramp .

On obtient ainsi un mouvement plus souple de la rampe 4, sans à-coup, ce qui améliore grandement la tenue mécanique des différents organes en mouvement.This gives a more flexible movement of the ramp 4, smoothly, which greatly improves the mechanical strength of the various moving parts.

Les signes de référence insérés après les caractéristiques techniques mentionnées dans les revendications ont pour seul but de faciliter la compréhension de ces dernières et n'en limitent aucunement la portée.The reference signs inserted after the technical characteristics mentioned in the claims are intended only to facilitate the understanding of the latter and in no way limit their scope.

Claims (12)

1.- Procédé d'épandage de liant du genre bitume sous forme de couche, au moyen d'une rampe portée par une machine et munie d'au moins une buse, laquelle machine se déplace sur la surface à traiter, à une vitesse variable comprise entre l'arrêt total et une vitesse maximale, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à étaler le liant de façon intermittente sur ladite surface, l'étalement s'effectuant à une vitesse supérieure ou égale à la vitesse d'avancement de ladite machine. 1.- Method for spreading bitumen-type binder in the form of a layer, by means of a ramp carried by a machine and provided with at least one nozzle, which machine moves over the surface to be treated, at a variable speed between total stop and a maximum speed, characterized in that it consists in spreading the binder intermittently on said surface, spreading taking place at a speed greater than or equal to the speed of advancement of said machine . 2.- Procédé d'épandage de liant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à déposer pas à pas, sur la surface à traiter, du liant, dans un périmètre précis, de façon à former des plaques (8) qui se juxtaposent sensiblement bord à bord pour former une couche de liant, continue et régulière sur ladite surface à traiter, quelles que soient les variations d'avancement de la machine. 2.- A method of spreading binder according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists in depositing step by step, on the surface to be treated, binder, in a precise perimeter, so as to form plates (8) which juxtapose substantially edge to edge to form a layer of binder, continuous and regular on said surface to be treated, whatever the variations in advancement of the machine. 3.- Procédé d'épandage de liant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à prévoir pour chaque pas d'épandage, au moins un temps d'épandage qui s'effectue sur un mouvement aller et/ou retour de la rampe, et au moins un temps d'arrêt, sans épandage, dont la durée est liée à la vitesse d'avancement de la machine. 3.- binder spreading method according to claim 2, characterized in that it consists in providing for each spreading pitch, at least one spreading time which is carried out on a forward and / or return movement of the ramp, and at least one downtime, without spreading, the duration of which is related to the speed of advance of the machine. 4.- Dispositif d'épandage pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, du type supporté par une machine qui se déplace à vitesse variable sur le sol, comportant au moins une rampe d'épandage (4) munie d'au moins une buse (7) formant un jet de liant, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens permettant de déplacer ledit jet (9) par rapport à ladite machine, à une vitesse par rapport au sol qui est supérieure ou égale à la vitesse d'avancement de cette machine sur le sol, au moins pendant la phase d'épandage du liant. 4.- spreading device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, of the type supported by a machine which moves at variable speed on the ground, comprising at least one spreading ramp ( 4) provided with at least one nozzle (7) forming a binder jet, characterized in that it comprises means making it possible to move said jet (9) relative to said machine, at a speed relative to the ground which is greater than or equal to the forward speed of this machine on the ground, at least during the spreading phase of the binder. 5.- Dispositif d'épandage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins une glissière (10) solidaire et disposée transversalement ou longitudinalement par rapport à la machine, des moyens de manoeuvre du genre vérin et des moyens permettant de déplacer de façon séquentielle, la rampe (4) sur ladite glissière (10) pour balayer la surface à traiter au moyen des jets (9). 5.- spreading device according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises at least one slide (10) integral and disposed transversely or longitudinally relative to the machine, means actuator type actuator and means for sequentially moving the ramp (4) on said slide (10) to sweep the surface to be treated by means of jets (9). 6.- Dispositif d'épandage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens pour faire osciller la ou les buses (7) d'épandage autour d'axes sensiblement transversaux ou longitudinaux par rapport au sens d'avancement de la machine, pour réaliser un balayage de la surface à traiter par le ou les jets (9) de la ou des buses (7). 6. A spreading device according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises means for making the spreading nozzle or nozzles (7) oscillate about substantially transverse or longitudinal axes relative to the direction of advance of the machine, for carrying out a sweeping of the surface to be treated by the jet (s) (9) of the nozzle (s) (7). 7.- Dispositif d'épandage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de détermination du chemin parcouru par la machine sur la surface à traiter, des moyens pour déclencher les mouvements de balayage aller et retour de la rampe, et pour établir le ou les temps d'arrêt en fonction dudit chemin parcouru. 7. A spreading device according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that it comprises means for determining the path traveled by the machine on the surface to be treated, means for triggering the forward sweeping movements. and return from the ramp, and to establish the stop time or times as a function of said path traveled. 8.- Dispositif d'épandage selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, pour manoeuvrer la rampe (4), deux vérins opposés (21, 22), du type à simple effet, alimentés à travers un distributeur (23) du type croisé, lesquels vérins comportent chacun des orifices (212, 222) qui permettent, en bout de course, un échappement libre du fluide de manoeuvre pendant le temps d'arrêt de la rampe. 8. A spreading device according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises, for maneuvering the ramp (4), two opposite cylinders (21, 22), of the single-acting type, supplied through a distributor (23 ) of the crossed type, which jacks each have orifices (212, 222) which allow, at the end of the travel, a free escape of the operating fluid during the stop time of the ramp. 9.- Dispositif d'épandage selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux vérins opposés (21 et 22) dont le volume des chambres est différent de façon à réaliser, pour un débit d'alimentation constant, une variation de vitesse de la rampe et de ce fait, une possibilité de variation du dosage de liant sur la surface à traiter. 9. A spreading device according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises two opposite jacks (21 and 22), the volume of the chambers is different so as to produce, for a constant feed rate, a variation of ramp speed and therefore a possibility of varying the dosage of binder on the surface to be treated. 10.- Machine de réalisation ou de réfection de chaussées, du genre finisseur, du type comportant à l'avant, une trémie (2) de réception des enrobés et, à l'arrière, une table (3) de répartition de cet enrobé sur la surface à traiter, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte, disposé en avant de ladite table (3), un dispositif d'épandage de liant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 8. 10.- Machine for making or repairing pavements, of the paver type, of the type comprising at the front, a hopper (2) for receiving asphalt and, at the rear, a table (3) for distributing this asphalt on the surface to be treated, characterized in that it comprises, disposed in front of said table (3), a binder spreading device according to any one of claims 4 to 8. 11.- Machine de réalisation ou de réfection de chaussées, selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte plusieurs tronçons de rampes d'épandage, disposés de façon à recouvrir toute la surface à traiter, sans toutefois de préférence, réaliser l'épandage du liant sur la zone de passage des chenilles (1) de la machine, avant le passage de ces dernières. 11. A machine for making or repairing pavements, according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises several sections of spreading ramps, arranged so as to cover the entire surface to be treated, without however preferably achieving l spreading of the binder on the passage area of the tracks (1) of the machine, before the passage of the latter. 12.- Machine de réalisation ou de réfection de chaussées, selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une rampe (45) disposée à l'avant du finisseur, et des buses (47) disposées derrière les chenilles (1) de la machine, devant la table (3), lesquelles buses (47) se substituent aux buses correspondantes de ladite rampe avant. 12. A machine for making or repairing pavements, according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises a ramp (45) disposed at the front of the paver, and nozzles (47) disposed behind the tracks (1). of the machine, in front of the table (3), which nozzles (47) replace the corresponding nozzles of said front ramp.
EP91402906A 1990-10-30 1991-10-29 Method of spreading bitumen at low velocity, device used in such a method and machine comprising such a device Expired - Lifetime EP0484236B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9013634A FR2668511B1 (en) 1990-10-30 1990-10-30 LOW SPEED BITUMEN SPREADING PROCESS, DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME AND MACHINE COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE.
FR9013634 1990-10-30

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EP0484236A1 true EP0484236A1 (en) 1992-05-06
EP0484236B1 EP0484236B1 (en) 1995-03-22

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EP (1) EP0484236B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE120246T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69108348T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2069855T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2668511B1 (en)

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EP0971072A1 (en) * 1998-07-10 2000-01-12 ÖSTERREICHISCHE VIALIT GESELLSCHAFT mbH Method for making asphalt coverings
EP1845197A1 (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-10-17 Joseph Vögele AG Paving machine
EP1925736A1 (en) 2006-11-27 2008-05-28 Joseph Voegele AG Method for producing a sprayed layer and paving machine with spraying system
DE102007062671A1 (en) * 2007-12-24 2009-07-02 schäfer-technic GmbH Road surface-repairing device, has spraying nozzle controller controlling nozzles in pulsating manner, such that drizzle-less spray coating is generated and applying constant amount of binding agent per unit of area on surface
FR2987376A1 (en) * 2012-02-29 2013-08-30 Secmair Vehicle e.g. lorry, for spreading bituminous cold cast mix on ground, has downstream filter between pump and spray bar, where dimension of openings of downstream filter is lower than dimension of openings of upstream filter
CN103526673A (en) * 2013-10-15 2014-01-22 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司道路机械分公司 Automatic alignment control device and method of spraying joint of asphalt spraying paver

Families Citing this family (1)

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JP3247849B2 (en) * 1997-02-24 2002-01-21 株式会社新潟鉄工所 Emulsion spraying apparatus and emulsion spraying method

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EP0292337A1 (en) * 1987-02-24 1988-11-23 Screg Routes Et Travaux Publics Apparatus for spreading a bituminous emulsion on a road surface without lorries circulating over the adhesion layer formed by spreading this emulsion

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GB1041511A (en) * 1964-03-03 1966-09-07 Johnston Brothers Eng Improvements in or relating to ground spraying apparatus
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DE2204206A1 (en) * 1972-01-29 1973-08-02 Georg Christgau DEVICE FOR LAYING FLOORING
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0971072A1 (en) * 1998-07-10 2000-01-12 ÖSTERREICHISCHE VIALIT GESELLSCHAFT mbH Method for making asphalt coverings
EP1845197A1 (en) * 2006-04-13 2007-10-17 Joseph Vögele AG Paving machine
US7488138B2 (en) 2006-04-13 2009-02-10 Joseph Voegele Ag Road finisher
EP1925736A1 (en) 2006-11-27 2008-05-28 Joseph Voegele AG Method for producing a sprayed layer and paving machine with spraying system
US7632038B2 (en) 2006-11-27 2009-12-15 Joseph Voegele Ag Method for producing a continuous bonding agent carpet and road finisher
CN101191320B (en) * 2006-11-27 2011-08-17 约瑟夫福格勒公司 Method for producing a continuous bonding agent carpet and road finisher
DE102007062671A1 (en) * 2007-12-24 2009-07-02 schäfer-technic GmbH Road surface-repairing device, has spraying nozzle controller controlling nozzles in pulsating manner, such that drizzle-less spray coating is generated and applying constant amount of binding agent per unit of area on surface
FR2987376A1 (en) * 2012-02-29 2013-08-30 Secmair Vehicle e.g. lorry, for spreading bituminous cold cast mix on ground, has downstream filter between pump and spray bar, where dimension of openings of downstream filter is lower than dimension of openings of upstream filter
CN103526673A (en) * 2013-10-15 2014-01-22 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司道路机械分公司 Automatic alignment control device and method of spraying joint of asphalt spraying paver
CN103526673B (en) * 2013-10-15 2016-08-24 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司道路机械分公司 Pitch sprinkling paver sprays seam automatic aligning and controls the control method of device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0484236B1 (en) 1995-03-22
FR2668511B1 (en) 1993-03-26
ES2069855T3 (en) 1995-05-16
DE69108348D1 (en) 1995-04-27
FR2668511A1 (en) 1992-04-30
ATE120246T1 (en) 1995-04-15
DE69108348T2 (en) 1995-12-21

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