Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
  • A62B17/00—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
  • A62B17/006—Protective clothing affording protection against heat or harmful chemical agents or for use at high altitudes against contamination from chemicals, toxic or hostile environments; ABC suits
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
  • A62D5/00—Composition of materials for coverings or clothing affording protection against harmful chemical agents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
  • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
  • B32B25/08—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
  • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
  • B32B25/18—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising butyl or halobutyl rubber
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
  • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
  • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
  • B32B7/06—Interconnection of layers permitting easy separation
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
  • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06N3/047—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with fluoropolymers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
  • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
  • D06N3/125—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyamides
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
  • D06N3/18—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials
  • D06N3/183—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials the layers are one next to the other
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
  • D06N3/18—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials
  • D06N3/186—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials one of the layers is on one surface of the fibrous web and the other layer is on the other surface of the fibrous web
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
  • B32B2317/22—Natural rubber
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2327/00—Polyvinylhalogenides
  • B32B2327/12—Polyvinylhalogenides containing fluorine
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2377/00—Polyamides
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2437/00—Clothing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2571/00—Protective equipment

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a laminate and pro ⁇ tective clothing fabricated therefrom, which are intended to be used as protective means against poisonous/aggres ⁇ sive chemicals, e.g. in connection with hazardous chemical emergencies, decontamination work etc.
• Protective clothing or garment made of such a lami ⁇ nate must be flexible and highly resistant, not only to the chemicals concerned but also to mechanical damage.
• laminates and clothing made of a fabric base sheet coated with different types of protective layers have been suggested.
• Such known highly resistant protec ⁇ tive clothing and laminate comprise a fabric base sheet coated with a layer of fluoropolymer and butyl rubber.
• Clothing of this type provides good resistance to permea ⁇ tion of aggressive substances, such as acetone, acetoni- trile, ammonia, carbon disulfide, chlorine, dimethylform- amide, ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol, nitrobenzene, so- dium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tetrachloroethylene and toluene.
• aggressive substances such as acetone, acetoni- trile, ammonia, carbon disulfide, chlorine, dimethylform- amide, ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol, nitrobenzene, so- dium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, tetrachloroethylene and toluene.
• the demands for resistance and protective capa ⁇ city have however been raised, and it is now required that the material should also possess high resistance to per ⁇ meation of dichloromethane, diethylamine and tetrahydro- furan.
• One object of the present invention therefore is to improve the clothing or garment mentioned above and give it high resistance to the permeation of such substances. According to the invention, this object is achieved by fabricating the laminate and the protective clothing or garment as stated in claims 1 and 6, respectively.
• the invention thus resides in supplementing the lami nate, known per se, with at least one further continuous layer consisting of polyamide. It has proved especially advantageous to use a copolymer of adipic acid/hexa- methylenediamine and caprolactam.
• a continuous polyamide layer in laminates for protective clothing is however previously known from EP-A-0,360,208.
• the laminate according to this publication is however built up differently and comprises a base sheet of nonwoven polypropylene on both sides laminated to a multilayer film sheet which, counting from the base sheet, consists of a layer of polyamide, a layer of polyethylene vinyl alcohol, a layer of polyamide and a surface layer of low-density polyethylene.
• a continuous polyamide layer is also dis ⁇ closed in US-A-4,833,010 describing a multilayer chemical barrier fabric consisting of a base sheet of nonwoven polypropylene laminated on both sides to a multilayer film sheet material.
• the multilayer material on one side of the base sheet comprises, counting from the base sheet, a layer of polyethylene vinyl alcohol, a layer of polyamide and a heat-sealable surface % layer of polyethylene.
• the multilayer material on the other side of the base sheet comprises, counting from the base sheet, a layer of poly- ethylene vinyl acetate, a layer of polyamide and a heat- sealable surface layer of polyethylene.
• the laminate according to this publication is built up dif ⁇ ferently as compared with the laminate of the present in ⁇ vention.
• the laminate according to the invention is manufac ⁇ tured by coating a fabric, consisting e.g. of polyamide fibres and serving as base sheet, with the different ma ⁇ terials which are to form the different layers of the la ⁇ minate, optionally after using an adhesive to increase the bonding strength between the different layers and the base sheet.
• Materials other than polyamide fibres can be used for the base sheet, e.g. aramide fibres (such as KEVLAR ®
• polybenzimidazole fibres such as PBI fibres from Hoechst AG, Federal Republic of Germany
• polyamide imide fibres
• one side of the base sheet can be coated with fluoropolymer and the other with butyl rubber, whereupon the layer of polyamide is applied to the free surface of the layer of butyl rubber.
• a more preferred embodiment of the laminate and the pro ⁇ tective clothing however utilises a layer of butyl rubber also between the base sheet and the layer of fluoropolymer since the base sheet will thus be more efficiently pro ⁇ tected against aggressive chemicals.
• One alternative way of applying the continuous polyamide layer is using a finished or preproduced polyamide film which is placed on the base sheet and the other layers of the laminate just before this is to be introduced in a Rotocure machine. This type of lamination yields a laminate having the properties aimed at.
• the fabric base sheet may be e.g. a woven fabric hav-
• one side of the base sheet can be coated, e.g. by spreading, with a . layer of butyl rubber.
• a suitable coating weight per unit area may
• the layer of butyl rubber may have a coating weight of e.g.
• the polyamide layer which is applied to this layer of butyl rubber, either by coating or as a finished or preproduced polyamide film, may have a weight per unit
• a laminate manufactured in this way has very high flexibility and very high chemical resistance and resistance to permeation of chemicals, als of the above-mentioned chemicals dichloromethane, diethyl- amine and tetrahydrofuran.
• a polyamide fabric was pretreated with an adhesion- promoting agent based on butyl rubber and isocyanate, and was coated on each side with a layer of butyl rubber.
• the layer of butyl rubber consisted of a pasty coating mixture which, in addition to uncured butyl rubber, contained cur ⁇ ing agent, filler, antioxidants, plasticiser and lubricant (stearic acid).
• a coating was thereafter applied to the layer of butyl rubber by spreading a pasty coating mixture containing fluoropolymer, curing agent, filler, plasti- ciser and lubricant.
• a polyamide layer was applied on the layer of butyl rubber.
• the polyamide layer was applied by spreading a pasty mixture of poly ⁇ amide and a solvent and, optionally, also a plasticer.
• petrol was used as li ⁇ quid medium for the butyl rubber pastes
• alcohol/water (90:10 mixture) as solvent for the polyamide paste
• methyl ethyl ketone as solvent for the fluorocarbon rub ⁇ ber.
• it can be applied as a finished or preproduced film which is applied to the base sheet coated with the other mate ⁇ rials, just before this is to be introduced into the vul- caniser or curing apparatus, as previously pointed out.
• the resulting pro ⁇ duct had very high flexibility, pliability and chemical permeation resistance as well as sufficient resistance to all the substances mentioned above, whereby to satisfy the altered requirements for chemical protective clothing against hazardous chemicals according to US standard NFPA 1991 (1990 Edition).
• a polyamide woven fabric having a grammage of 85 g/m was provided with a bonding layer on both sides by spread ⁇ ing a bonding agent solution thereon.
• a solution was prepared by mixing the following ingredients: chlorinated butyl rubber
• the layer of fluoro ⁇ polymer consisted of a 50% by weight solution in technical grade petrol/toluene (4:1) having the following ingre- derives: fluorocarbon rubber (VITON ® B50) 100 parts by weigh barium sulfate 20 parts by weigh titanium dioxide 15 parts by weigh magnesium oxide 15 parts by weigh colour pigment 5 parts by weigh
• N,N'-dicinnamyliden-1,6-hexa- methylene diamine (DIAK ® 3) 3.5 parts by weigh
• the opposite side of the fabric was coated by spreading the above-mentioned isocyanate-free mixture to form a layer of butyl rubber also on this side of the fabric.
• a polyamide layer was finall applied by spreading thereon a mixture of 20 parts by ® weight of polyamide (ULTRAMID 6A) in 80 parts by weight of a mixture of 10% by volume water and 90% by volume ethanol. After drying of this final layer, the laminate was cured at about 150°C for 20 min.
• Example 1 was repeated, but the polyamide layer was here applied as a finished or preproduced polyamide film (nylon 6) having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m (obtained from ATOCHEM S.A. in France).
• This film was applied to the un- cured butyl rubber layer on the side of the base sheet opposite to the layer of fluorocarbon rubber, just before the forthcoming laminate was to be introduced in a Roto- cure machine. In this machine, curing was carried out at 150°C at a belt speed of about 30 m/h, giving a curing time of about 10 min.
• the tests were conducted according to said pro ⁇ posed new standard, both with the original material (un- treated), with material subjected to flexural fatigue testing [NFPA 1991, Section 5-5.1(a)], and with material subjected to abrasion resistance testing [NFA 1991 Section 5-4.1(a), (b), (c) and (d)].
• the tests were carried out by an independent testing institute (TRI/Environmental, Inc., Austin, Texas, USA).
• the permeation resistance tests were carried out according to ASTM F739-85, testing temperature 27°C, testing time 3 h and chemical concentration 99.5% with continuous contact.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

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• 1989
  • 1989-08-29 SE SE8902874A patent/SE464568B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1990
  • 1990-08-29 CA CA002039180A patent/CA2039180A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1990-08-29 DE DE9012382U patent/DE9012382U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-08-29 WO PCT/SE1990/000551 patent/WO1991003379A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1990-08-29 AU AU63577/90A patent/AU6357790A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1990-08-29 EP EP90913557A patent/EP0483284A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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