EP0478841B1 - Hydraulic telescopic actuator for a dump truck - Google Patents

Hydraulic telescopic actuator for a dump truck Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0478841B1
EP0478841B1 EP90119147A EP90119147A EP0478841B1 EP 0478841 B1 EP0478841 B1 EP 0478841B1 EP 90119147 A EP90119147 A EP 90119147A EP 90119147 A EP90119147 A EP 90119147A EP 0478841 B1 EP0478841 B1 EP 0478841B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
hydraulic telescopic
telescopic actuator
cylindrical housing
compartment
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EP90119147A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0478841A1 (en
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Walter Hunger
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to DE9090119147T priority Critical patent/DE59001375D1/en
Priority to ES199090119147T priority patent/ES2042169T3/en
Priority to AT90119147T priority patent/ATE89058T1/en
Priority to EP90119147A priority patent/EP0478841B1/en
Publication of EP0478841A1 publication Critical patent/EP0478841A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/16—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type of the telescopic type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/02—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member
    • F15B15/04—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member with oscillating cylinder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydraulic telescopic cylinder for pivoting the box body of tipper vehicles. It is preferably a three-way tipper whose tipping bridge can be tilted around three selectable axes, namely to the left, rear or right, but also simple dump trucks with only one possibility of tipping around a rear transverse axis for tipping the body backwards.
  • a hydraulic telescopic cylinder can be seen from DE-C-390 469.
  • Known hydraulic cylinders for this purpose are telescopic cylinders, in which only the extension takes place actively under the pressurization of the working space of the outer cylinder. The retraction occurs when the pressurization is released and the hydraulic fluid return is released under the effect of the weight of the tipper body lying on the central plunger.
  • the known telescopic cylinder does not generate a pulling force in the sense of retracting. This limits the speed of retracting or lowering the tipper body.
  • the structure of the vehicle in particular the tipping bridge; in the lowered position by the cylinder in no direction, but rests only on their support points, which have play, which causes shocks and rattling when driving.
  • a safety rope usually serves as such a measure, one of which must be provided for each tilting possibility.
  • three pivoting movement options of the tipping cylinder must be provided, which correspond to the three possible tipping directions of the tipping bridge. This is achieved by a ball-jointed support of the lower end of the cylinder, a ball representing the lower end of the cylinder being supported in a support pan fixed to the chassis.
  • the risk of contamination of this support is disadvantageous here: falling dirt and liquids reach the sliding surfaces of this ball-and-socket bearing without obstacle. This affects the lubrication of the sliding surfaces and can lead to seizure and cold welding.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a tilt cylinder for tipper bodies, in particular the tipping bridge of a three-way tipper, which reliably maintains the extended state reached by the pressurization of the main piston or by shutting off the pressure medium supply to its working area, also with respect to tensile forces.
  • This is intended to significantly increase operational safety by making special measures such as safety ropes unnecessary.
  • the telescopic cylinder is to develop tractive forces which the tipping bridge pulls towards its support points on the chassis, so that rattling and shock loads are avoided. Avoiding hose connections and preventing contamination of the joint supports should also serve to increase operational safety.
  • the telescopic cylinder according to the invention is designed as a synchronous cylinder known per se, that is to say it has an outer cylinder, at least one intermediate tube acting with its outer surface as a piston rod and with its inner surface as a cylinder, and a central plunger, each intermediate tube having a piston in front of which there is a liquid-filled annular space is located, which is connected via an overflow channel opening in front of the piston to the working space located under the piston of the next inner intermediate pipe or under the central plunger.
  • a design as is known from DE-A-2613 756, when the piston of the outer intermediate tube is pressurized, all intermediate tubes and the central plunger are forced to move out synchronously.
  • Such hydraulic telescopic synchronous cylinders are also used in hydraulic elevators.
  • the hydraulic telescopic cylinder consists of a cylinder jacket 1 with a bottom 2 screwed into its lower end and a screw-in ring 3 screwed into the upper end, into which a sealing ring 4 and a guide ring 5 are inserted.
  • a first intermediate tube 8 slides in the cylinder jacket 1, which acts with its outer surface as a piston rod of the cylinder jacket 1 and on the lower end of which a piston 10 with a piston head 11 is screwed. This closes the working space 6 of the cylinder jacket 1 located above the cylinder jacket floor 2.
  • the piston 10 carries sealing and guide rings which are not provided with reference symbols.
  • a central plunger designed as an inner tube 22 slides with a piston 23 at the lower end and a ball head assembly 25 screwed into its upper end, the ball head 26 of which is attached to the tipper body of the tipper vehicle Version 27 is held.
  • a damping anti-friction insert 28 is inserted above the ball head 26, through which this bearing point is maintenance-free.
  • the lower end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder is held on a hemispherical support 30 fastened to the chassis of the tipper vehicle and can be pivoted thereon in the three directions necessary for a three-way tipper.
  • the cylinder jacket base 2 has a recess 32 corresponding to the hemisphere support 30, with which it slides on it.
  • An anti-friction intermediate layer not provided with reference numbers also makes this sliding pair maintenance-free.
  • a holding tube 34 is screwed into the cylinder jacket base 2 and protrudes through a T-slot 36 of the hemisphere support 30 into the interior thereof.
  • the legs of the T-slot 36 run according to the required pivoting options.
  • the lower end of the holding tube 34 ends in an eye 44, the center of which coincides with the center of the spherical surface of the hemisphere support 30.
  • the channel of the central side leg 54 has a flow connection to the channel of the holding tube 34 via a transverse bore.
  • a wall bore is made through which an inlet nozzle 60, which projects into the inside of the connecting piece 52 of the hemisphere support 30, projects into the channel of the off-center Side leg 55 sealed opens.
  • the arrangement described enables the necessary pivoting movements of the telescopic cylinder.
  • the telescopic cylinder When the tilting bridge is tilted backward about a transverse axis, the telescopic cylinder must also pivot about the transverse axis 62, which is made possible by the rotational mobility of the eye 44 about the central side leg 54.
  • the telescopic cylinder When the tilting bridge is tilted to the left or right about a longitudinal axis running in the direction of travel, the telescopic cylinder must also pivot about the longitudinal axis 64, which is made possible by the rotatability of the angle channel piece 50 about the inlet connection 60.
  • the annular space 70 located above the piston 10 is filled with hydraulic fluid and has a flow connection to the working space 73 of the first intermediate pipe 8 via an overflow channel 71, i.e. the working space 73 located under the piston 19 of the second intermediate tube 18.
  • the hydraulic fluid is displaced from the shrinking annular space 70 into the working space 73 and acts on the piston 19 of the second intermediate tube 18, so that this also emerges from the first Intermediate tube 8 extends.
  • the cross-sectional areas of the annular space 70 and of the working space 73 are coordinated such that when the first intermediate tube 8 is completely extended, the second intermediate tube 18 is also fully extended.
  • the annular space 75 located above the piston 19 is filled with hydraulic fluid and connected to the working space 77 of the second intermediate tube 18 via an overflow channel, so that the extension of the second intermediate tube 18 from the first intermediate tube 8 inevitably means that the inner tube 22 is extended from the second Intermediate tube 18 causes.
  • compensation check valves 13 are provided in the bottom 11 of the piston 10 and in the bottom of the piston, which by means of pins protruding from the bottom of the next larger unit 14 are unlocked when fully retracted. In this way, liquid losses can also be compensated for in the rooms that are normally separated from the feed system.
  • the annular space 80 located above the piston 23 of the inner tube 22 is also filled with hydraulic fluid and has a connection to the inner space 83 of the inner tube 22 via an overflow channel 81, in which a floating piston 88 slidably sits, which plunges the inner space 83 into a liquid space 84 and a compressed gas chamber 85 divided.
  • a charging channel 90 opens into this, which runs through the ball head assembly 25 and is closed at its exit point in the ball head 26 by means of a plug 91.
  • a check valve 93 is provided in the charging channel 90.
  • the compressed gas in the pressure gas chamber 85 holds the hydraulic fluid in the liquid space 84 and the annular space 80 under pressure, so that the piston 23 of the inner tube 22 is acted upon in the manner of retraction.
  • the liquid in the working space 77 and the annular space 75 is also under pressure and acts on the piston 19 of the second intermediate tube 18 in the sense of retraction.
  • This keeps the liquid in the working space 73 and the annular space 70 under pressure, which the Piston 10 of the first intermediate tube 8 is acted upon in the sense of retraction.
  • the telescopic cylinder is only extended while overcoming these opposing forces by correspondingly pressurizing the work space 6. If this is depressurized, the telescopic cylinder develops tensile forces when it is not fully retracted. In each extended state, the components of the cylinder are acted on in both directions and are thus exactly fixed in their position.
  • the telescopic cylinder is installed in the tipper vehicle in such a way that it is not fully retracted when the tipper bridge is lowered, but tractive forces are still being developed, so that the tipper bridge is elastically pulled onto its supports on the chassis and the resulting play during operation does not lead to shock loads and chatter phenomena becomes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

The hydraulic telescopic actuator intended for swinging up the dumping bridge of a dump truck is a sychronous actuator in which hydraulic fluid is enclosed in the annular space 70, 75 above each piston 10, 19 and is connected via an overflow passage 71 to the working space 73, 77 of the next intermediate tube 8, 18 on the inside. The central plunger 22 is designed as a tube, and the annular space 80 located above its piston 23 is fluidically connected to its inner space 83, which is subdivided by a floating piston 88 into a fluid space 84 and a gas-pressure chamber 85 in which there is a gas under pressure. In this way, the actuator is constantly loaded in the retraction direction and extends only while overcoming these forces too.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen hydraulischen Teleskopzylinder zum Hochschwenken des Kastenaufbaus von Kipperfahrzeugen. Es geht dabei vorzugsweise um Dreiseitenkipper, deren Kippbrücke um drei wählbare Achsen, nämlich nach links, hinten oder rechts, gekippt werden kann, aber auch um einfache Muldenkipper, mit nur einer Kippmöglichkeit um eine hintere Querachse zum Kippen der Mulde nach hinten. Ein solcher hydraulischer Teleskopzylinder ist aus der DE-C- 390 469 ersichtlich.The present invention relates to a hydraulic telescopic cylinder for pivoting the box body of tipper vehicles. It is preferably a three-way tipper whose tipping bridge can be tilted around three selectable axes, namely to the left, rear or right, but also simple dump trucks with only one possibility of tipping around a rear transverse axis for tipping the body backwards. Such a hydraulic telescopic cylinder can be seen from DE-C-390 469.

Bekannte Hydraulikzylinder für diesen Zweck sind Teleskopzylinder, bei denen nur das Ausfahren aktiv unter der Druckbeaufschlagung des Arbeitsraums des Außenzylinders geschieht. Das Einfahren geschieht bei Wegnahme der Druckbeaufschlagung und Freigabe des Hydraulikflüssigkeitsrücklaufs unter der Wirkung des auf dem Zentralplunger liegenden Gewichts der Kippbrücke. Eine Zugkraft im Sinne des Einfahrens erzeugt der bekannte Teleskopzylinder nicht. Damit ist die Geschwindigkeit des Einfahrens bzw. Absenkens des Kipperaufbaus begrenzt. Außerdem ist der Aufbau des Fahrzeugs, also insbesondere die Kippbrücke; in abgesenkter Stellung durch den Zylinder in keiner Richtung beaufschlagt, sondern ruht nur auf ihren Auflagerpunkten, die Spiel aufweisen, was im Fahrbetrieb Schläge und Rattern verursacht.Known hydraulic cylinders for this purpose are telescopic cylinders, in which only the extension takes place actively under the pressurization of the working space of the outer cylinder. The retraction occurs when the pressurization is released and the hydraulic fluid return is released under the effect of the weight of the tipper body lying on the central plunger. The known telescopic cylinder does not generate a pulling force in the sense of retracting. This limits the speed of retracting or lowering the tipper body. In addition, the structure of the vehicle, in particular the tipping bridge; in the lowered position by the cylinder in no direction, but rests only on their support points, which have play, which causes shocks and rattling when driving.

Dadurch, daß die bekannten Zylinder für Kipperaufbauten keine positive Kraft im Sinne des Einfahrens bzw. gegen das Ausfahren entwickeln, müssen besondere Maßnahmen vorgesehen sein, ein nicht gewolltes Weiterkippen des Aufbaus zu verhindern, wie es vorkommen kann, wenn das Ladegut beim Kippen über eine ausgestellte Bordwand abrutscht und dabei eine Schwerpunktlage einnimmt, die den Aufbau weiter zu kippen sucht. Als solche Maßnahme dient gewöhnlich ein Fangseil, von denen je eines für jede Kippmöglichkeit vorgesehen werden muß.The fact that the known cylinders for tipper bodies no positive force in the sense of retracting or against Develop the extension, special measures must be provided to prevent the body from accidentally tipping over, as can happen if the load slides over an exhibited drop side while tipping and assumes a center of gravity that tries to tilt the body further. A safety rope usually serves as such a measure, one of which must be provided for each tilting possibility.

Für Dreiseitenkipper sind drei Schwenkbewegungsmöglichkeiten des Kippzylinders vorzusehen, die den drei möglichen Kipprichtungen der Kippbrücke entsprechen. Dies wird durch eine kugelgelenkige Abstützung des unteren Endes des Zylinders erreicht, wobei eine das untere Ende des Zylinders darstellende Kugel sich in eine fahrgestellfeste Auflagerpfanne stützt. Hierbei ist die Gefahr der Verschmutzung dieser Abstützung nachteilig: Herabfallender Schmutz und Flüssigkeiten gelangen ohne Hindernis zu den Gleitflächen dieser kugelgelenkigen Lagerung. Dadurch ist die Schmierung der Gleitflächen beeinträchtigt und es kann zu einem Fressen und zu Kaltverschweißungen kommen.For three-way tippers, three pivoting movement options of the tipping cylinder must be provided, which correspond to the three possible tipping directions of the tipping bridge. This is achieved by a ball-jointed support of the lower end of the cylinder, a ball representing the lower end of the cylinder being supported in a support pan fixed to the chassis. The risk of contamination of this support is disadvantageous here: falling dirt and liquids reach the sliding surfaces of this ball-and-socket bearing without obstacle. This affects the lubrication of the sliding surfaces and can lead to seizure and cold welding.

Soweit die Druckmittelzufuhr zu den bekannten Kippzylindern über einen Schlauch erfolgt oder - bei getrenntem Rücklauf - sogar mehrere Schlauchanschlüsse erforderlich sind, muß auch dies als nachteilig angesehen werden, und zwar wegen der Empfindlichkeit und Verletzbarkeit solcher Schlauchleitungen. Diese können abreißen, durch Steinschlag beschädigt werden, durchscheuern oder bei fortgeschrittener Alterung einfach platzen.Insofar as the pressure medium supply to the known tilting cylinders takes place via a hose or - if the return line is separate - even several hose connections are required, this must also be regarded as disadvantageous because of the sensitivity and vulnerability of such hose lines. These can tear off, be damaged by stone chips, rub through or simply burst in the event of advanced aging.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Schaffung eines Kippzylinders für Kipperaufbauten, insbesondere die Kippbrücke eines Dreiseitenkippers, der den jeweils durch die Druckbeaufschlagung des Hauptkolbens erreichten bzw. durch die Absperrung der Druckmittelzufuhr zu dessen Arbeitsraum eingenommenen Ausfahrzustand auch gegenüber Zugkräften zuverlässig beibehält. Dadurch soll die Betriebssicherheit wesentlich erhöht werden, indem besondere Maßnahmen, wie Fangseile u.U. ganz entbehrlich werden. Im Fahrbetrieb des Kipperfahrzeugs soll der Teleskopzylinder Zugkräfte entwickeln, die die Kippbrücke an ihre Auflagerpunkte auf dem Fahrgestell heranzieht, sodaß Rattern und Stoßbelastungen vermieden sind. Der Erhöhung der Betriebssicherheit sollen auch die Vermeidung von Schlauchanschlüssen und die Verhinderung einer Verschmutzung der Gelenkabstützungen dienen.The object of the present invention is to create a tilt cylinder for tipper bodies, in particular the tipping bridge of a three-way tipper, which reliably maintains the extended state reached by the pressurization of the main piston or by shutting off the pressure medium supply to its working area, also with respect to tensile forces. This is intended to significantly increase operational safety by making special measures such as safety ropes unnecessary. When the tipper vehicle is in motion, the telescopic cylinder is to develop tractive forces which the tipping bridge pulls towards its support points on the chassis, so that rattling and shock loads are avoided. Avoiding hose connections and preventing contamination of the joint supports should also serve to increase operational safety.

Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe gelingt durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebene Ausbildung; zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.The problem is solved by the training specified in claim 1; expedient developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Der erfindungsgemäße Teleskopzylinder ist dabei als an sich bekannter Gleichlaufzylinder ausgebildet, d.h. er besitzt einen Außenzylinder, wenigstens ein mit seiner Außenfläche als Kolbenstange und mit seiner Innenfläche als Zylinder wirkendes Zwischenrohr und einen Zentralplunger, wobei jedes Zwischenrohr einen Kolben aufweist, vor dem sich ein flüssigkeitsgefüllter Ringraum befindet, der über einen nahe vor dem Kolben mündenden Überströmkanal mit dem unter dem Kolben des nächstinneren Zwischenrohrs bzw. unter dem Zentralplunger gelegenen Arbeitsraum Verbindung hat. Bei einer solchen Ausbildung, wie sie aus DE-A- 2613 756 bekannt ist, fahren bei einer Druckbeaufschlagung des Kolbens des äußeren Zwischenrohrs alle Zwischenrohre und der Zentralplunger zwangsweise synchron aus. Solche hydraulischen Teleskop-Gleichlaufzylinder werden auch bei hydraulischen Aufzügen eingesetzt.The telescopic cylinder according to the invention is designed as a synchronous cylinder known per se, that is to say it has an outer cylinder, at least one intermediate tube acting with its outer surface as a piston rod and with its inner surface as a cylinder, and a central plunger, each intermediate tube having a piston in front of which there is a liquid-filled annular space is located, which is connected via an overflow channel opening in front of the piston to the working space located under the piston of the next inner intermediate pipe or under the central plunger. With such a design, as is known from DE-A-2613 756, when the piston of the outer intermediate tube is pressurized, all intermediate tubes and the central plunger are forced to move out synchronously. Such hydraulic telescopic synchronous cylinders are also used in hydraulic elevators.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend durch die Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels an Hand der beigegebenen Zeichnungen weiter erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch einen hydraulischen Teleskopzylinder für die Kippbrücke eines Kipperfahrzeugs;
  • Fig. 2 den Schnitt nach Linie II-II aus Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 den Schnitt nach Linie III-III aus Fig. 1.
The invention is explained in more detail below by the description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:
  • 1 shows a longitudinal section through a hydraulic telescopic cylinder for the tipper body of a tipper vehicle.
  • Figure 2 shows the section along line II-II of Fig. 1.
  • 3 shows the section along line III-III from FIG. 1.

Der hydraulische Teleskopzylinder besteht aus einem Zylindermantel 1 mit einem in dessen unteres Ende eingeschraubten Boden 2 und in das obere Ende eingeschraubten Einschraubring 3, in den ein Dichtungsring 4 und ein Führungsring 5 eingesetzt sind.The hydraulic telescopic cylinder consists of a cylinder jacket 1 with a bottom 2 screwed into its lower end and a screw-in ring 3 screwed into the upper end, into which a sealing ring 4 and a guide ring 5 are inserted.

Im Zylindermantel 1 gleitet ein erstes Zwischenrohr 8, das mit seiner Außenfläche als Kolbenstange des Zylindermantels 1 wirkt und an dessen unterem Ende ein Kolben 10 mit Kolbenboden 11 angeschraubt ist. Dieser schließt den über dem Zylindermantelboden 2 gelegenen Arbeitsraum 6 des Zylindermantels 1 ab. Der Kolben 10 trägt nicht mit Bezugszeichen versehene Dichtungs- und Führungsringe.A first intermediate tube 8 slides in the cylinder jacket 1, which acts with its outer surface as a piston rod of the cylinder jacket 1 and on the lower end of which a piston 10 with a piston head 11 is screwed. This closes the working space 6 of the cylinder jacket 1 located above the cylinder jacket floor 2. The piston 10 carries sealing and guide rings which are not provided with reference symbols.

In ähnlicher Weise ist in das erste Zwischenrohr 8 ein zweites Zwischenrohr 18 mit Kolben 19 eingesetzt.Similarly, a second intermediate tube 18 with piston 19 is inserted into the first intermediate tube 8.

Im zweiten Zwischenrohr 18 gleitet ein als Innenrohr 22 ausgebildeter Zentralplunger mit einem Kolben 23 am unteren Ende und einer in sein oberes Ende eingeschraubten Kugelkopfbaueinheit 25, deren Kugelkopf 26 in einer an der Kippbrücke des Kipperfahrzeugs befestigten Fassung 27 gehalten ist. In dieser ist oberhalb des Kugelkopfs 26 eine dämpfende Antifriktionseinlage 28 eingesetzt, durch die diese Lagerstelle wartungsfrei wird.In the second intermediate tube 18, a central plunger designed as an inner tube 22 slides with a piston 23 at the lower end and a ball head assembly 25 screwed into its upper end, the ball head 26 of which is attached to the tipper body of the tipper vehicle Version 27 is held. In this, a damping anti-friction insert 28 is inserted above the ball head 26, through which this bearing point is maintenance-free.

Das untere Ende des hydraulischen Teleskopzylinders ist auf einer mit dem Fahrgestell des Kipperfahrzeugs befestigten Halbkugelstütze 30 gehalten und ist auf dieser in den drei bei einem Dreiseitenkipper notwendigen Richtungen schwenkbar. Hierzu hat der Zylindermantelboden 2 eine der Halbkugelstütze 30 entsprechende Ausnehmung 32, mit der er auf dieser gleitet. Eine nicht mit Bezugszeichen versehene Antifriktionszwischenlage macht auch diese Gleitpaarung wartungsfrei.The lower end of the hydraulic telescopic cylinder is held on a hemispherical support 30 fastened to the chassis of the tipper vehicle and can be pivoted thereon in the three directions necessary for a three-way tipper. For this purpose, the cylinder jacket base 2 has a recess 32 corresponding to the hemisphere support 30, with which it slides on it. An anti-friction intermediate layer not provided with reference numbers also makes this sliding pair maintenance-free.

Zur Zugkraftübertragung ist in den Zylindermantelboden 2 ein Halterohr 34 eingeschraubt, das durch einen T-Schlitz 36 der Halbkugelstütze 30 in deren Inneres ragt. Die Schenkel des T-Schlitzes 36 verlaufen entsprechend den erforderlichen Schwenkmöglichkeiten. An der dem Zylindermantelboden 2 gegenüberliegenden Innenfläche der Halbkugelstütze 30 liegt eine Gegenkalotte 38 an, durch die das Halterohr 34 greift und sich mit einem Bund gegen deren untere Fläche stützt, wobei eine Federscheibe 40 zwischen diesen Anschlagflächen eingelegt ist. Das untere Ende des Halterohrs 34 endet in einem Auge 44, dessen Mittelpunkt mit dem Zentrum der Kugelfläche der Halbkugelstütze 30 zusammenfällt.For the transmission of tractive force, a holding tube 34 is screwed into the cylinder jacket base 2 and protrudes through a T-slot 36 of the hemisphere support 30 into the interior thereof. The legs of the T-slot 36 run according to the required pivoting options. On the inner surface of the hemispherical support 30 opposite the cylinder jacket base 2, there is a countercap 38, through which the holding tube 34 engages and is supported with a collar against its lower surface, a spring washer 40 being inserted between these stop surfaces. The lower end of the holding tube 34 ends in an eye 44, the center of which coincides with the center of the spherical surface of the hemisphere support 30.

Die Beaufschlagung des Arbeitsraums 6 des Zylindermantels 1 unter dem Kolben 10 mit der von einer Hydraulikpumpe gelieferten Druckflüssigkeit geschieht durch das Halterohr 34, durch dessen Auge 44 ein Seitenschenkel eines Winkelkanalstücks 50 greift und mittels eines Federrings 51 gehalten ist. Dieses stellt eine kardanische Strömungsverbindung zwischen einem Anschlußstutzen 52 der Halbkugelstütze 30 und dem Teleskopzylinder her und besteht aus einem mittigen Seitenschenkel 54, der in Querrichtung mittig durch das Zentrum der Halbkugelstütze 30 verläuft, einem in gleicher Richtung verlaufenden außermittigen Seitenschenkel 55 und einem diese verbindenden Jochabschnitt 56. In diesen verlaufen Kanäle, deren Enden durch Stopfen 58 verschlossen sind. Über eine Querbohrung hat der Kanal des mittigen Seitenschenkels 54 Strömungsverbindung mit dem Kanal des Halterohrs 34. Im außermittigen Seitenschenkel 55 ist eine Wandbohrung ausgeführt, durch die ein in den Anschlußstutzen 52 der Halbkugelstütze 30 eingesetzter, in dessen Inneres ragender Einleitstutzen 60 in den Kanal des außermittigen Seitenschenkels 55 abgedichtet mündet.The application of pressure to the working chamber 6 of the cylinder jacket 1 under the piston 10 with the hydraulic fluid supplied by a hydraulic pump takes place through the holding tube 34, through the eye 44 of which a side leg of an angular channel piece 50 engages and is held by means of a spring ring 51. This creates a gimbal flow connection between a connecting piece 52 of the hemisphere support 30 and the telescopic cylinder and consists of a central side leg 54, which runs centrally in the transverse direction through the center of the hemisphere support 30, an eccentric side leg 55 extending in the same direction and a yoke section 56 connecting these Channels run in these, the ends of which are closed by plugs 58. The channel of the central side leg 54 has a flow connection to the channel of the holding tube 34 via a transverse bore. In the eccentric side leg 55, a wall bore is made through which an inlet nozzle 60, which projects into the inside of the connecting piece 52 of the hemisphere support 30, projects into the channel of the off-center Side leg 55 sealed opens.

Die beschriebene Anordnung ermöglicht die notwendigen Schwenkbewegungen des Teleskopzylinders. Bei einem Kippen der Kippbrücke um eine Querachse nach hinten muß auch der Teleskopzylinder um die Querachse 62 schwenken, was durch die Drehbeweglichkeit des Auges 44 um den mittigen Seitenschenkel 54 ermöglicht ist. Bei einem Kippen der Kippbrücke um eine in Fahrtrichtung verlaufende Längsachse nach links oder rechts muß auch der Teleskopzylinder um die Längsachse 64 schwenken, was durch die Drehbarkeit des Winkelkanalstücks 50 um den Einleitstutzen 60 ermöglicht ist.The arrangement described enables the necessary pivoting movements of the telescopic cylinder. When the tilting bridge is tilted backward about a transverse axis, the telescopic cylinder must also pivot about the transverse axis 62, which is made possible by the rotational mobility of the eye 44 about the central side leg 54. When the tilting bridge is tilted to the left or right about a longitudinal axis running in the direction of travel, the telescopic cylinder must also pivot about the longitudinal axis 64, which is made possible by the rotatability of the angle channel piece 50 about the inlet connection 60.

Im normalen Betrieb beaufschlagt die in den Anschlußstutzen 52 eingeleitete und über das Winkelkanalstück 50 und das Halterohr 34 in den Arbeitsraum 6 gelangende Druckflüssigkeit den Kolben 10 des ersten Zwischenrohrs 8 und bewirkt dessen Ausfahren. In weitere Räume gelangt diese Druckflüssigkeit nicht; bei Druckentlastung und Einfahren des ersten Zwischenrohrs 8 wird die Flüssigkeit wieder zurück in das Speisesystem verdrängt.In normal operation, the pressure fluid introduced into the connecting piece 52 and reaches the working space 6 via the angled channel piece 50 and the holding tube 34 acts on the piston 10 of the first intermediate tube 8 and causes it to extend. This hydraulic fluid does not get into other rooms; when the pressure is released and the first intermediate tube 8 is retracted, the liquid is displaced back into the feed system.

Der oberhalb des Kolbens 10 gelegene Ringraum 70 ist mit Hydraulikflüssigkeit gefüllt und hat über einen Überströmkanal 71 Strömungsverbindung mit dem Arbeitsraum 73 des ersten Zwischenrohrs 8, d.h. dem unter dem Kolben 19 des zweiten Zwischenrohrs 18 gelegenen Arbeitsraum 73. Bei einem Ausfahren des ersten Zwischenrohrs 8 wird die Hydraulikflüssigkeit aus dem sich verkleinernden Ringraum 70 in den Arbeitsraum 73 verdrängt und beaufschlagt den Kolben 19 des zweiten Zwischenrohrs 18, sodaß auch dieses aus dem ersten Zwischenrohr 8 ausfährt. Es versteht sich, daß die Querschnittsflächen des Ringraums 70 und des Arbeitsraums 73 so abgestimmt sind, daß bei einem vollständigen Ausfahren des ersten Zwischenrohrs 8 auch das vollständige Ausfahren des zweiten Zwischenrohrs 18 erreicht ist.The annular space 70 located above the piston 10 is filled with hydraulic fluid and has a flow connection to the working space 73 of the first intermediate pipe 8 via an overflow channel 71, i.e. the working space 73 located under the piston 19 of the second intermediate tube 18. When the first intermediate tube 8 is extended, the hydraulic fluid is displaced from the shrinking annular space 70 into the working space 73 and acts on the piston 19 of the second intermediate tube 18, so that this also emerges from the first Intermediate tube 8 extends. It goes without saying that the cross-sectional areas of the annular space 70 and of the working space 73 are coordinated such that when the first intermediate tube 8 is completely extended, the second intermediate tube 18 is also fully extended.

In gleicher Weise ist der über dem Kolben 19 gelegene Ringraum 75 mit Hydraulikflüssigkeit gefüllt und über einen Überströmkanal mit dem Arbeitsraum 77 des zweiten Zwischenrohrs 18 verbunden, sodaß das Ausfahren des zweiten Zwischenrohrs 18 aus dem ersten Zwischenrohr 8 zwangsweise ein Ausfahren des Innenrohrs 22 aus dem zweiten Zwischenrohr 18 bewirkt.In the same way, the annular space 75 located above the piston 19 is filled with hydraulic fluid and connected to the working space 77 of the second intermediate tube 18 via an overflow channel, so that the extension of the second intermediate tube 18 from the first intermediate tube 8 inevitably means that the inner tube 22 is extended from the second Intermediate tube 18 causes.

Zum Ausgleich von Flüssigkeitsverlusten in den Arbeitsräumen 73 und 77 sind im Boden 11 des Kolbens 10 und im Boden des Kolbens 19 Ausgleichs-Rückschlagventile 13 vorgesehen, die mittels vom Boden der nächstgrößeren Einheit aufragender Stifte 14 im völlig eingefahrenen Zustand entsperrt sind. Auf diese Weise können Flüssigkeitsverluste auch in den normalerweise vom Speisesystem getrennten Räumen durch dieses ausgeglichen werden.To compensate for fluid losses in the working spaces 73 and 77 19 compensation check valves 13 are provided in the bottom 11 of the piston 10 and in the bottom of the piston, which by means of pins protruding from the bottom of the next larger unit 14 are unlocked when fully retracted. In this way, liquid losses can also be compensated for in the rooms that are normally separated from the feed system.

Auch der oberhalb des Kolbens 23 des Innenrohrs 22 befindliche Ringraum 80 ist mit Hydraulikflüssigkeit gefüllt und hat über einen Überströmkanal 81 Verbindung mit dem Innenraum 83 des Innenrohrs 22. In diesem sitzt gleitend ein Schwimmkolben 88, der den Innenraum 83 in einen Flüssigkeitsraum 84 und eine Druckgaskammer 85 unterteilt. In diese mündet ein Ladekanal 90, der durch die Kugelkopfbaueinheit 25 verläuft und an seiner Austrittsstelle im Kugelkopf 26 mittels eines Stopfens 91 verschlossen ist. Im Ladekanal 90 ist ein Rückschlagventil 93 vorgesehen.The annular space 80 located above the piston 23 of the inner tube 22 is also filled with hydraulic fluid and has a connection to the inner space 83 of the inner tube 22 via an overflow channel 81, in which a floating piston 88 slidably sits, which plunges the inner space 83 into a liquid space 84 and a compressed gas chamber 85 divided. A charging channel 90 opens into this, which runs through the ball head assembly 25 and is closed at its exit point in the ball head 26 by means of a plug 91. A check valve 93 is provided in the charging channel 90.

Bei einem Ausfahren des Innenrohrs 22 aus dem zweiten Zwischenrohr 18 wird Hydraulikflüssigkeit aus dem sich verkleinernden Ringraum 80 durch den Übströmkanal 81 in den Flüssigkeitsraum 84 verdrängt, sodaß sich der Schwimmkolben 88 relativ zum Innenrohr 22 nach oben bewegt und das eingeschlossene Gas in der Druckgaskammer 85 weiter komprimiert.When the inner tube 22 is extended from the second intermediate tube 18, hydraulic fluid is displaced from the shrinking annular space 80 through the overflow channel 81 into the fluid space 84, so that the floating piston 88 moves upward relative to the inner tube 22 and the enclosed gas in the pressure gas chamber 85 continues compressed.

In jeder Ausfahrstellung des beschriebenen Teleskopzylinders hält das komprimierte Gas in der Druckgaskammer 85 die Hydraulikflüssigkeit im Flüssigkeitsraum 84 und dem Ringraum 80 unter Druck, sodaß der Kolben 23 des Innenrohrs 22 im Sinne des Einfahrens beaufschlagt ist. Dies hat zur Folge, daß auch die Flüssigkeit im Arbeitsraum 77 und dem Ringraum 75 unter Druck steht und den Kolben 19 des zweiten Zwischenrohrs 18 im Sinne des Einfahrens beaufschlagt. Dies wiederum hält die Flüssigkeit im Arbeitsraum 73 und dem Ringraum 70 unter Druck, was den Kolben 10 des ersten Zwischenrohrs 8 im Sinne des Einfahrens beaufschlagt. Dadurch geschieht ein Ausfahren des Teleskopzylinders nur unter Überwindung dieser entgegenwirkenden Kräfte durch entsprechende Druckbeaufschlagung des Arbeitsraums 6. Wenn dieser drucklos ist, entwickelt der Teleskopzylinder im nicht vollständig eingefahrenen Zustand Zugkräfte. In jedem Ausfahrzustand sind die Bauteile des Zylinders in beiden Richtungen beaufschlagt und dadurch in ihrer Stellung exakt fixiert.In each extended position of the telescopic cylinder described, the compressed gas in the pressure gas chamber 85 holds the hydraulic fluid in the liquid space 84 and the annular space 80 under pressure, so that the piston 23 of the inner tube 22 is acted upon in the manner of retraction. The result of this is that the liquid in the working space 77 and the annular space 75 is also under pressure and acts on the piston 19 of the second intermediate tube 18 in the sense of retraction. This in turn keeps the liquid in the working space 73 and the annular space 70 under pressure, which the Piston 10 of the first intermediate tube 8 is acted upon in the sense of retraction. As a result, the telescopic cylinder is only extended while overcoming these opposing forces by correspondingly pressurizing the work space 6. If this is depressurized, the telescopic cylinder develops tensile forces when it is not fully retracted. In each extended state, the components of the cylinder are acted on in both directions and are thus exactly fixed in their position.

Der Einbau des Teleskopzylinders im Kipperfahrzeug erfolgt derart, daß er bei abgesenkter Kippbrücke nicht völlig eingefahren ist, sondern noch Zugkräfte entwickelt, sodaß die Kippbrücke elastisch auf ihre Auflager am Fahrgestell herangezogen ist und dadurch das in diesen vorhandene Spiel im Fahrbetrieb nicht zu Stoßbeanspruchungen und Rattererscheinungen führen wird.The telescopic cylinder is installed in the tipper vehicle in such a way that it is not fully retracted when the tipper bridge is lowered, but tractive forces are still being developed, so that the tipper bridge is elastically pulled onto its supports on the chassis and the resulting play during operation does not lead to shock loads and chatter phenomena becomes.

Claims (6)

  1. Hydraulic telescopic actuator for the tipping body of dump trucks, comprising
    a cylindrical housing (1) which rests on the chassis, at least one intermediate pipe (8, 18) of which the outer surface serves as a piston rod and the inner surface as a cylinder
    and a central plunger (22) which operates on the tipping body,
    characterised in that each intermediate pipe (8, 18) incorporates a piston (10, 19) above which is situated an annular compartment (70, 75) filled with liquid, said compartment communicating, via an overflow duct (71) which opens out close above the piston, with the working compartment (73, 77) located respectively below the piston of the next inward intermediate pipe (18) and below the central plunger (22),
    and in that the central plunger is in the form of an internal pipe (22) and incorporates a piston (23) above which is situated an annular compartment (80) filled with liquid, said compartment communicating with the interior (83) of the internal pipe via an overflow duct (81) located closely above said piston (23),
    the internal pipe interior (83) being divided by a float piston (88) into a hydraulic compartment (84) and a compressed-gas chamber (85), and the latter being filled with a compressible preloaded gas.
  2. Hydraulic telescopic actuator according to claim 1, characterised by having a loading duct (90) for pressure-filling the compressed-gas chamber (85), which duct extends centrally upwards from said chamber and opens out in a spherical head (26) constituting the top end of the internal pipe (22), and in which a non-return valve (93) is fitted.
  3. Hydraulic telescopic actuator according to either of claims 1 and 2, characterised in that its lower end rests on a hemispherical bracket (30) fixed to the chassis and for this purpose the base (2) of the cylindrical housing (1) incorporates a spherical depression (32),
    said hemispherical bracket (30), so as to transmit tensile force from the cylindrical housing base (2) thereto, being a hollow body with a T-slot (36) corresponding to the three swivelling movements of the telescopic actuator and receiving a complementary spherical surface (38), and a stay tube (34) screwed into the cylindrical housing base (2) running through the latter and through the T-slot (36).
  4. Hydraulic telescopic actuator according to claim 3, characterised in that the stay tube (34) opens out into the working compartment (6) of the cylindrical housing (1) and at its lower end has an eye (44) into which a U-shaped angle section (50) is rotatably inserted by one of its legs (54) in a flow-connecting manner,
    an inward connector (60) fixed to the hemispherical bracket (30) engaging rotatably in the other leg (55) and said rotational axis (64) running at right angles to the axis (62) of the first rotation option.
  5. Hydraulic telescopic actuator according to claim 3 and/or 4, characterised in that the concave inside face of the spherical depression (32) in the base (2) of the cylindrical housing has a maintenance-free anti-friction coating.
  6. Hydraulic telescopic actuator according to one or more of claims 2 or 5, characterised in that a maintenance-free anti-friction insert (28) has been placed into the socket (27) receiving the spherical head (26).
EP90119147A 1990-10-05 1990-10-05 Hydraulic telescopic actuator for a dump truck Expired - Lifetime EP0478841B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9090119147T DE59001375D1 (en) 1990-10-05 1990-10-05 HYDRAULIC TELESCOPIC CYLINDER FOR THE TIPPER BRIDGE OF TIPPER VEHICLES.
ES199090119147T ES2042169T3 (en) 1990-10-05 1990-10-05 HYDRAULIC TELESCOPIC CYLINDER FOR VEHICLE TILTING.
AT90119147T ATE89058T1 (en) 1990-10-05 1990-10-05 HYDRAULIC TELESCOPIC CYLINDER FOR THE TIPPER OF TIPPER VEHICLES.
EP90119147A EP0478841B1 (en) 1990-10-05 1990-10-05 Hydraulic telescopic actuator for a dump truck

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90119147A EP0478841B1 (en) 1990-10-05 1990-10-05 Hydraulic telescopic actuator for a dump truck

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0478841A1 EP0478841A1 (en) 1992-04-08
EP0478841B1 true EP0478841B1 (en) 1993-05-05

Family

ID=8204585

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90119147A Expired - Lifetime EP0478841B1 (en) 1990-10-05 1990-10-05 Hydraulic telescopic actuator for a dump truck

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0478841B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE89058T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59001375D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2042169T3 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107725531A (en) * 2017-09-28 2018-02-23 徐州徐工液压件有限公司 Combinational gap formula multistage dumper hydraulic cylinder
DE102022200994A1 (en) 2022-01-31 2023-08-03 Klaus Wohlfarth Shock absorbers, telescopic fork and MacPherson wheel suspension

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2738884B1 (en) * 1995-09-19 1997-10-24 Valeo CYLINDER WITH TWO CONTROL CHAMBERS AND RELEASE STOPPER PROVIDED WITH SUCH A CYLINDER
CN101846113B (en) * 2009-03-26 2012-10-24 大连宏远气动液压船舶辅机有限公司 Pressure-relief oil cylinder device of C-type section dumper
CN106427730A (en) * 2016-11-14 2017-02-22 湖北大运汽车有限公司 Improved structure of positioning ring for front top hydraulic oil cylinder of dumper
CN113550957B (en) * 2020-04-26 2024-02-06 北京机械设备研究所 Two-stage synchronous hydraulic cylinder

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DE390469C (en) * 1922-09-27 1924-02-19 Hans Burkhardt Hydraulic press for multi-sided tilting loading bridges, especially of motor vehicles
CH109812A (en) * 1924-03-20 1925-04-16 Wirz Ernst Connection of the pressure medium supply line to the hydraulic press cylinder for multi-sided tilting bridges of vehicles.
DE520671C (en) * 1929-11-22 1931-03-18 Wirz Ernst Stroke limiting device for two and three-way tippers
US3722874A (en) * 1970-12-15 1973-03-27 E Kress Slag pot carrier
NL7215160A (en) * 1971-11-09 1973-05-11
DE2319344A1 (en) * 1973-04-17 1974-11-07 Jungheinrich & Co Maschf DOUBLE-ACTING TELESCOPIC CYLINDER PISTON DEVICE
DE2613756A1 (en) * 1976-03-31 1977-10-06 Pietro Pagliero Hydraulic ram with coaxial cylinders - has central telescopic flow tubes and apertures through cylinders
DE2941168A1 (en) * 1979-10-11 1981-04-23 Thyssen Industrie Ag, 4300 Essen Mine hydraulic thrust piston gear - has differential piston ring chamber gas filled for even telescopic step force distribution
DE3330670A1 (en) * 1983-08-25 1985-03-14 J. und H. Büter Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 4472 Haren DOUBLE-ACTING PISTON-CYLINDER UNIT

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107725531A (en) * 2017-09-28 2018-02-23 徐州徐工液压件有限公司 Combinational gap formula multistage dumper hydraulic cylinder
DE102022200994A1 (en) 2022-01-31 2023-08-03 Klaus Wohlfarth Shock absorbers, telescopic fork and MacPherson wheel suspension

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59001375D1 (en) 1993-06-09
EP0478841A1 (en) 1992-04-08
ES2042169T3 (en) 1993-12-01
ATE89058T1 (en) 1993-05-15

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