EP0470874B1 - Internal combustion engine with an air inlet device integrated into the cylinder head - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine with an air inlet device integrated into the cylinder head Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0470874B1
EP0470874B1 EP91401889A EP91401889A EP0470874B1 EP 0470874 B1 EP0470874 B1 EP 0470874B1 EP 91401889 A EP91401889 A EP 91401889A EP 91401889 A EP91401889 A EP 91401889A EP 0470874 B1 EP0470874 B1 EP 0470874B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
head cover
engine
partitions
internal combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91401889A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0470874A1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Dore
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
Original Assignee
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0470874A1 publication Critical patent/EP0470874A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0470874B1 publication Critical patent/EP0470874B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4235—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of intake channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/243—Cylinder heads and inlet or exhaust manifolds integrally cast together
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F02F1/4221—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder particularly for three or more inlet valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/006—Camshaft or pushrod housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10006—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the position of elements of the air intake system in direction of the air intake flow, i.e. between ambient air inlet and supply to the combustion chamber
    • F02M35/10026—Plenum chambers
    • F02M35/10052—Plenum chambers special shapes or arrangements of plenum chambers; Constructional details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10006—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the position of elements of the air intake system in direction of the air intake flow, i.e. between ambient air inlet and supply to the combustion chamber
    • F02M35/10072—Intake runners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10091—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by details of intake ducts: shapes; connections; arrangements
    • F02M35/10104—Substantially vertically arranged ducts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10288—Air intakes combined with another engine part, e.g. cylinder head cover or being cast in one piece with the exhaust manifold, cylinder head or engine block
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
    • F02M35/108—Intake manifolds with primary and secondary intake passages
    • F02M35/1085—Intake manifolds with primary and secondary intake passages the combustion chamber having multiple intake valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F2001/104—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling using an open deck, i.e. the water jacket is open at the block top face
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine of the type comprising at least one cylinder head with several aligned cylinders and an air intake device comprising a distribution box for the intake air to which an air tube is connected and at least one intake duct, the outlet of which is connected to an intake manifold formed in the cylinder head
  • the object of the invention is to propose a design of the upper part of the engine which makes it possible to solve the problems of space and internal arrangements of the engine compartment which have just been mentioned.
  • the invention provides an engine of the type mentioned above, characterized in that it comprises a cylinder head cover, receiving mechanical assemblies (40, 42) rotatably mounted, which is mounted on the upper face of the cylinder head and which comprises partitions which divide the internal cavity into compartments to constitute the air distribution unit.
  • the engine 10 essentially consists of a cylinder block 12 surmounted by a cylinder head 14 covered by a cylinder head cover 16.
  • the cylinder head is supplied with intake air by an intake device 20 comprising an air distribution unit 22 to which are connected an inlet tube 24 equipped with a throttle valve 26 and tubular conduits of suction 28, the outlets of which are connected to the intake pipes (not shown) formed in the cylinder head 14.
  • an intake device 20 comprising an air distribution unit 22 to which are connected an inlet tube 24 equipped with a throttle valve 26 and tubular conduits of suction 28, the outlets of which are connected to the intake pipes (not shown) formed in the cylinder head 14.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 also recognize the fuel injectors 30 and an air filter 32.
  • the cylinder head cover 16 only has the function of closing the upper face of the cylinder head while protecting the rotating moving parts such as the camshafts and / or rocker linkages.
  • Each cylinder is connected to the air intake device by three intake valves and to the exhaust by two exhaust valves.
  • the two intake valves 34 are controlled by a first camshaft 40 while the intake valve 36 and the two exhaust valves 38 are controlled by a second camshaft 42.
  • the axes of rotation of the camshafts 40 and 42 are parallel to the line of the cylinder heads of the cylinder head.
  • the cylinder head 14 has a lower face 44 designed to cooperate with the upper face of the cylinder block 12 with the interposition of a cylinder head gasket, the combustion chamber 46 of each cylinder being formed at least partially in this lower face 44.
  • the cylinder head 14 has a flat upper face 48 parallel to the lower face 44 which cooperates with the lower face 50 of the cylinder head cover 16.
  • the cylinder head 14 is fixed to the engine block 12 by a series of screws 52 while the cylinder head cover 16 is fixed to the cylinder head 14 by a series of screws 54.
  • the cylinder head cover 16 is delimited externally by a wall 56 and divided internally by several partitions 58 and 60 which extend parallel to the line of the cylinders.
  • the internal space or compartment 62 essentially delimited by the external wall 56 and by the partitions 58 and 60 constitutes the major part of the distribution box for the intake air between the long intake ducts 28 or the ducts short admission 66.
  • the intake box is completed by a cell 68 formed in the upper face 48 of the cylinder head 14 which faces the space 62 of the cover 16.
  • the short intake duct of the intake valve 36 is in fact constituted by a portion of intake manifold 66 formed in the cylinder head 14 and which opens into the cavity 68.
  • Each long intake duct 28 is formed in the cylinder head cover 16, is connected to the internal space 62 of this cover and opens into a long intake manifold 72 formed in the cylinder head 14.
  • the entire air intake device is therefore integrated into the upper part of the engine.
  • the partitions 58 and 60 and the outer wall 56 of the cover 16 also delimit two chambers 74 and 76 which receive the camshafts 40 and 42.
  • Rooms 74 and 76 are completed by complementary cells 78 and 80 formed in the upper face 48 of the cylinder head 14.
  • the chambers 74 and 76 are isolated from the distribution box 62 by the transverse partitions 82 and 84 which delimit them and in which upper half-bearings 86 and 88 are formed respectively which cooperate with corresponding lower half-bearings 90 and 92 to ensure the rotational mounting of the camshafts 40 and 42 on the cylinder head 14.
  • the assembly consisting of the cylinder head 14 and the cover 16 also performs the rotational mounting of the moving parts of the cylinder head.
  • a spark plug 91 is mounted in a cylindrical hole 93 in the cylinder head 14 which is extended by a corresponding hole 94 formed in the cover 16.
  • Injectors 96 are mounted laterally on the cylinder head 14 in injection conduits 98 which open in the vicinity of the heads of the valves 34 at the lower end of the long intake pipes 72.
  • the upper half-bearings 86 and 88 provided for receiving the camshafts are not formed directly in the cover 16 but in the caps of independent bearings 100 and 102 which are themselves located in rooms 74 and 76.
  • the invention is of course not limited to the embodiment which has just been described, the number of valves of each cylinder possibly being different, for example, as can the control of the intake, applications of the invention n not being limited to overhead camshaft engines.

Description

La présente invention concerne un moteur à combustion interne du type comportant au moins une culasse à plusieurs cylindres alignés et un dispositif d'admission d'air comportant un boîtier de répartition de l'air d'admission auxquels sont raccordés un tube d'air et au moins un conduit d'admission dont la sortie est reliée à une tubulure d'admission formée dans la culasseThe present invention relates to an internal combustion engine of the type comprising at least one cylinder head with several aligned cylinders and an air intake device comprising a distribution box for the intake air to which an air tube is connected and at least one intake duct, the outlet of which is connected to an intake manifold formed in the cylinder head

La modification du style des véhicules automobiles modernes en vue d'en améliorer l'esthétique et la pénétration dans l'air a conduit progressivement à dessiner le capot moteur avant plongeant depuis la base du pare-brise vers l'avant du véhicule.The modification of the style of modern motor vehicles with a view to improving its aesthetics and penetration into the air has gradually led to the design of the front engine hood plunging from the base of the windshield towards the front of the vehicle.

Cette tendance aboutit à une réduction du volume disponible pour l'agencement du moteur dans le compartiment moteur, et il en résulte des difficultés d'implantation du moteur lorsque ce dernier comporte un dispositif d'admission d'air du type mentionné précédemment. extérieur à la culasse, qui est très encombrant comme cela est illustré dans le document EP-A-0307571, et d'un montage compliqué.This trend results in a reduction in the volume available for the arrangement of the engine in the engine compartment, and this results in difficulties in locating the engine when the latter comprises an air intake device of the type mentioned above. outside the cylinder head, which is very bulky as illustrated in document EP-A-0307571, and of a complicated assembly.

Parallèlement, de manière à améliorer l'agrément de conduite en modifiant la courbe de caractéristique de puissance du moteur, il s'est avéré nécessaire de prévoir au moins une paire de conduits tubulaires d'aspiration de longueurs différentes qui peuvent se rejoindre en un raccord en Y pour alimenter un tuyau d'admission relié à un cylindre du moteur.At the same time, in order to improve the driving pleasure by modifying the power characteristic curve of the engine, it has proved necessary to provide at least one pair of tubular suction ducts of different lengths which can join in a fitting. at Y to feed an intake pipe connected to an engine cylinder.

L'invention a pour but de proposer une conception de la partie haute du moteur qui permette de résoudre les problèmes d'encombrement et d'aménagements internes du compartiment moteur qui viennent d'être mentionnés.The object of the invention is to propose a design of the upper part of the engine which makes it possible to solve the problems of space and internal arrangements of the engine compartment which have just been mentioned.

Dans ce but l'invention propose un moteur du type mentionné plus haut, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un couvercle de culasse, recevant des équipages mécaniques (40, 42) montés tournants, qui est monté sur la face supérieure de la culasse et qui comporte des cloisons qui en divisent la cavité interne en compartiments pour constituer le boîtier de répartition d'air.For this purpose the invention provides an engine of the type mentioned above, characterized in that it comprises a cylinder head cover, receiving mechanical assemblies (40, 42) rotatably mounted, which is mounted on the upper face of the cylinder head and which comprises partitions which divide the internal cavity into compartments to constitute the air distribution unit.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • les compartiments débouchent dans la face inférieure du couvercle pour coopérer avec des alvéoles en regard formées dans la face supérieure de la culasse ;
  • le boîtier de répartition est délimité extérieurement par la paroi du couvercle de culasse et intérieurement par des cloisons sensiblement parallèles à la ligne des cylindres ;
  • les cloisons parallèles coopèrent avec des parois latérales du couvercle de culasse pour délimiter latéralement des chambres séparées du boîtier de répartition et des conduits d'admission et qui reçoivent les équipages mécaniques de la culasse qui sont montés tournants autour d'axes de rotation parallèles à la ligne des cylindres ;
  • les chambres sont délimitées transversalement par des parties de cloisons transversales internes du couvercle de culasse dans lesquelles sont formés des demi-paliers de rotation des équipages mobiles de la culasse qui coopèrent avec des demi-paliers complémentaires formés dans la face supérieure de la culasse.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the compartments open into the underside of the cover to cooperate with facing cells formed in the upper face of the cylinder head;
  • the distribution box is delimited externally by the wall of the cylinder head cover and internally by partitions substantially parallel to the line of the cylinders;
  • the parallel partitions cooperate with side walls of the cylinder head cover to laterally delimit chambers separated from the distribution box and from the intake ducts and which receive the mechanical components of the cylinder head which are mounted to rotate about axes of rotation parallel to the line of cylinders;
  • the chambers are delimited transversely by parts of internal transverse partitions of the cylinder head cover in which are formed half-bearings of rotation of the moving parts of the cylinder head which cooperate with complementary half-bearings formed in the upper face of the cylinder head.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • Les figures 1 et 2 sont des vues schématiques extérieures d'un moteur à combustion interne à quatre cylindres en ligne selon l'état de la technique, c'est-à-dire comportant un dispositif d'admission indépendant de la culasse ;
  • les figures 3 et 4 sont des vues similaires à celles des figures 1 et 2 qui représentent un moteur réalisé conformément aux enseignements de l'invention:
  • la figure 5 est une vue de dessous d'une partie de la face inférieure d'une culasse d'un moteur à cinq soupapes par cylindre ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en section selon la ligne 6-6 de la figure 5 ;
  • la figure 7 est une vue en section selon la ligne 7-7 de la figure 5 ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue en section selon la ligne 8-8 de la figure 5 ; et
  • la figure 9 est une vue en section similaire à celles des figures 6 à 8 illustrant une variante de réalisation de la culasse d'un moteur selon les enseignements de la présente invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figures 1 and 2 are schematic exterior views of an internal combustion engine with four cylinders in line according to the state of the art, that is to say comprising an inlet device independent of the cylinder head;
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are views similar to those of FIGS. 1 and 2 which represent an engine produced in accordance with the teachings of the invention:
  • Figure 5 is a bottom view of part of the underside of a cylinder head of an engine with five valves per cylinder;
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view along line 6-6 of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a sectional view along line 7-7 of Figure 5;
  • Figure 8 is a sectional view along line 8-8 of Figure 5; and
  • Figure 9 is a sectional view similar to those of Figures 6 to 8 illustrating an alternative embodiment of the cylinder head of an engine according to the teachings of the present invention.

On reconnaît aux figures 1 et 2 un moteur 10 du type à quatre cylindres alignés.We recognize in Figures 1 and 2 an engine 10 of the type with four aligned cylinders.

Le moteur 10 est constitué pour l'essentiel d'un bloc cylindre 12 surmonté d'une culasse 14 recouverte par un couvre-culasse 16.The engine 10 essentially consists of a cylinder block 12 surmounted by a cylinder head 14 covered by a cylinder head cover 16.

La culasse est alimentée en air d'admission par un dispositif d'admission 20 comportant un boîtier de répartition d'air 22 auxquels sont raccordés un tube d'entrée 24 équipé d'un papillon de commande des gaz 26 et des conduits tubulaires d'aspiration 28 dont les sorties sont reliées aux tubulures d'admission (non représentées) formées dans la culasse 14.The cylinder head is supplied with intake air by an intake device 20 comprising an air distribution unit 22 to which are connected an inlet tube 24 equipped with a throttle valve 26 and tubular conduits of suction 28, the outlets of which are connected to the intake pipes (not shown) formed in the cylinder head 14.

On reconnaît également aux figures 1 et 2 les injecteurs d'essence 30 et un filtre à air 32.Figures 1 and 2 also recognize the fuel injectors 30 and an air filter 32.

Dans cette conception classique d'un moteur, le couvre-culasse 16 n'a pour fonction que de fermer la face supérieure de la culasse en protégeant les équipages mobiles tournants tels que les arbres à cames et/ou tringleries de culbuteurs.In this classic design of an engine, the cylinder head cover 16 only has the function of closing the upper face of the cylinder head while protecting the rotating moving parts such as the camshafts and / or rocker linkages.

Dans la conception selon l'invention d'un moteur tel que représenté aux figures 3 et 4, on constate qu'il n'existe plus de dispositif d'admission d'air 20 indépendant de la culasse et du couvre-culasse 16 mais que l'ensemble est intégré à ces deux éléments dans lesquels débouche directement le tube d'entrée 24.In the design according to the invention of an engine as shown in Figures 3 and 4, we see that there is no longer an air intake device 20 independent of the cylinder head and the cylinder head cover 16 but that the assembly is integrated into these two elements into which the inlet tube 24 leads directly.

Dans la vue de la figure 3 on peut voir la silhouette extérieure de paires de conduits longs d'admission 28.In the view of FIG. 3 we can see the external silhouette of pairs of long intake ducts 28.

En comparant les schémas 1, 2 et 3, 4 on constate immédiatement que l'encombrement global de la partie supérieure du moteur 10 est réduit de manière importante grâce à la conception selon l'invention de la partie supérieure du moteur selon les agencements particuliers qui seront décrits maintenant.By comparing diagrams 1, 2 and 3, 4 we immediately see that the overall size of the upper part of the motor 10 is significantly reduced thanks to the design according to the invention of the upper part of the motor according to the particular arrangements which will be described now.

On décrira par la suite en référence aux figures 5 à 8 un mode de réalisation de la culasse 14 et du couvercle ou couvre-culasse 16 pour un moteur à arbres à cames en tête et à cinq soupapes par cylindre.A description will now be given, with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8, of an embodiment of the cylinder head 14 and of the cover or cylinder head cover 16 for an engine with overhead camshafts and five valves per cylinder.

Chaque cylindre est relié au dispositif d'admission d'air par trois soupapes d'admission et à l'échappement par deux soupapes d'échappement.Each cylinder is connected to the air intake device by three intake valves and to the exhaust by two exhaust valves.

En se reportant à la figure 5, on distinguera les deux soupapes d'admission identiques 34 qui sont reliées à des conduits d'admission dits longs et la soupape d'admission 36 reliée à un conduit d'admission court.Referring to FIG. 5, a distinction will be made between the two identical intake valves 34 which are connected to so-called long intake ducts and the intake valve 36 connected to a short intake duct.

Les deux soupapes d'admission 34 sont commandées par un premier arbre à cames 40 tandis que la soupape d'admission 36 et les deux soupapes d'échappement 38 sont commandées par un second arbre à cames 42.The two intake valves 34 are controlled by a first camshaft 40 while the intake valve 36 and the two exhaust valves 38 are controlled by a second camshaft 42.

Les axes de rotation des arbres à cames 40 et 42 sont parallèles à la ligne des cylindres de la culasse.The axes of rotation of the camshafts 40 and 42 are parallel to the line of the cylinder heads of the cylinder head.

La culasse 14 comporte une face inférieure 44 prévue pour venir coopérer avec la face supérieure du bloc cylindre 12 avec interposition d'un joint de culasse, la chambre de combustion 46 de chaque cylindre étant formée au moins partiellement dans cette face inférieure 44.The cylinder head 14 has a lower face 44 designed to cooperate with the upper face of the cylinder block 12 with the interposition of a cylinder head gasket, the combustion chamber 46 of each cylinder being formed at least partially in this lower face 44.

La culasse 14 comporte une face supérieure 48 plane parallèle à la face inférieure 44 qui coopère avec la face inférieure 50 du couvercle de culasse 16.The cylinder head 14 has a flat upper face 48 parallel to the lower face 44 which cooperates with the lower face 50 of the cylinder head cover 16.

La culasse 14 est fixée au bloc moteur 12 par une série de vis 52 tandis que le couvre-culasse 16 est fixé à la culasse 14 par une série de vis 54.The cylinder head 14 is fixed to the engine block 12 by a series of screws 52 while the cylinder head cover 16 is fixed to the cylinder head 14 by a series of screws 54.

Le couvercle de culasse 16 est délimité extérieurement par une paroi 56 et divisé intérieurement par plusieurs cloisons 58 et 60 qui s'étendent parallèlement à la ligne des cylindres.The cylinder head cover 16 is delimited externally by a wall 56 and divided internally by several partitions 58 and 60 which extend parallel to the line of the cylinders.

L'espace interne ou compartiment 62 délimité pour l'essentiel par la paroi extérieure 56 et par les cloisons 58 et 60 constitue la majeure partie du boîtier de répartition de l'air d'admission entre les conduits d'admission longs 28 ou les conduits d'admission courts 66.The internal space or compartment 62 essentially delimited by the external wall 56 and by the partitions 58 and 60 constitutes the major part of the distribution box for the intake air between the long intake ducts 28 or the ducts short admission 66.

Le boîtier d'admission est complété par un alvéole 68 formé dans la face supérieure 48 de la culasse 14 qui est en regard de l'espace 62 du couvercle 16.The intake box is completed by a cell 68 formed in the upper face 48 of the cylinder head 14 which faces the space 62 of the cover 16.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures, le conduit d'admission court de la soupape d'admission 36 est en fait constitué par une portion de tubulure d'admission 66 formée dans la culasse 14 et qui débouche dans l'alvéole 68.In the embodiment shown in the figures, the short intake duct of the intake valve 36 is in fact constituted by a portion of intake manifold 66 formed in the cylinder head 14 and which opens into the cavity 68.

Chaque conduit d'admission long 28 est formé dans le couvercle de culasse 16, est relié à l'espace interne 62 de ce couvercle et débouche dans une tubulure d'admission longue 72 formée dans la culasse 14.Each long intake duct 28 is formed in the cylinder head cover 16, is connected to the internal space 62 of this cover and opens into a long intake manifold 72 formed in the cylinder head 14.

Selon une première caractéristique de l'invention, l'ensemble du dispositif d'admission d'air se trouve donc intégré à la partie supérieure du moteur.According to a first characteristic of the invention, the entire air intake device is therefore integrated into the upper part of the engine.

Les cloisons 58 et 60 et la paroi extérieure 56 du couvercle 16 délimitent également deux chambres 74 et 76 qui reçoivent les arbres à cames 40 et 42.The partitions 58 and 60 and the outer wall 56 of the cover 16 also delimit two chambers 74 and 76 which receive the camshafts 40 and 42.

Les chambres 74 et 76 sont complétées par des alvéoles complémentaires 78 et 80 formées dans la face supérieure 48 de la culasse 14.Rooms 74 and 76 are completed by complementary cells 78 and 80 formed in the upper face 48 of the cylinder head 14.

Les chambres 74 et 76 sont isolées du boîtier de répartition 62 par les cloisons transversales 82 et 84 qui les délimitent et dans lesquelles sont formées respectivement des demi-paliers supérieurs 86 et 88 qui coopèrent avec des demi-paliers inférieurs correspondants 90 et 92 pour assurer le montage à rotation des arbres à cames 40 et 42 sur la culasse 14.The chambers 74 and 76 are isolated from the distribution box 62 by the transverse partitions 82 and 84 which delimit them and in which upper half-bearings 86 and 88 are formed respectively which cooperate with corresponding lower half-bearings 90 and 92 to ensure the rotational mounting of the camshafts 40 and 42 on the cylinder head 14.

C'est le montage et le serrage du couvercle 16 sur la culasse 14 qui réalisent le montage à rotation des arbres à cames 40 et 42.It is the mounting and tightening of the cover 16 on the cylinder head 14 which carry out the rotary mounting of the camshafts 40 and 42.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'ensemble constitué de la culasse 14 et du couvercle 16 réalise également le montage à rotation des équipages mobiles de la culasse.According to another characteristic of the invention, the assembly consisting of the cylinder head 14 and the cover 16 also performs the rotational mounting of the moving parts of the cylinder head.

Une bougie 91 est montée dans un trou cylindrique 93 de la culasse 14 qui se prolonge par un trou correspondant 94 formé dans le couvercle 16.A spark plug 91 is mounted in a cylindrical hole 93 in the cylinder head 14 which is extended by a corresponding hole 94 formed in the cover 16.

Des injecteurs 96 sont montés latéralement sur la culasse 14 dans des conduits d'injection 98 qui débouchent au voisinage des têtes des soupapes 34 à l'extrémité inférieure des tubulures d'admission longues 72.Injectors 96 are mounted laterally on the cylinder head 14 in injection conduits 98 which open in the vicinity of the heads of the valves 34 at the lower end of the long intake pipes 72.

Dans la variante de réalisation représentée à la figure 9, les demi-paliers supérieurs 86 et 88 prévus pour recevoir les arbres à cames ne sont pas formés directement dans le couvercle 16 mais dans les chapeaux de paliers indépendants 100 et 102 qui sont eux-mêmes situés dans les chambres 74 et 76.In the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the upper half-bearings 86 and 88 provided for receiving the camshafts are not formed directly in the cover 16 but in the caps of independent bearings 100 and 102 which are themselves located in rooms 74 and 76.

L'invention n'est bien entendu pas limitée au mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit, le nombre des soupapes de chaque cylindre pouvant par exemple être différent de même que la commande de l'admission, des applications de l'invention n'étant pas limitées aux moteurs à arbres à cames en tête.The invention is of course not limited to the embodiment which has just been described, the number of valves of each cylinder possibly being different, for example, as can the control of the intake, applications of the invention n not being limited to overhead camshaft engines.

Claims (5)

  1. Internal combustion engine (10) of the type having at least one cylinder head (14) with a plurality of aligned cylinders, an air inlet device having an inlet air distribution housing, there being connected to these an air entry tube (24) and at least one inlet port whereof the exit is connected to an inlet manifold formed in the cylinder head (14), characterized in that it has a cylinder head cover (16) which receives rotatably mounted mechanical components (40, 42), which is mounted on the upper face (48) of the cylinder head (14) and which has partitions (58, 60) which divide the internal cavity thereof into compartments to form the air distribution housing.
  2. Internal combustion engine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said compartments (62) open into the lower face (50) of the cylinder head cover (16) to cooperate with cell-type receivers (68) formed opposite in the upper face (48) of the cylinder head (14).
  3. Engine according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the air distribution housing (62) is delimited externally by the wall (56) of the cylinder head cover (16) and internally by partitions (58, 60) which are substantially parallel to the line of the cylinders of the engine.
  4. Engine according to Claim 3, characterized in that the parallel partitions (58, 60) cooperate with the side walls (56) of the cylinder head cover (16) to laterally delimit chambers (74, 76) which are separated from the distribution housing (62) and from the inlet ports (28) and which receive the mechanical components (40, 42) of the cylinder head (14) which are rotatably mounted about axes of rotation parallel to the line of the cylinders.
  5. Engine according to Claim 4, characterized in that the said chambers (74, 76) are transversely delimited by internal transverse partition parts (82, 84) of the cylinder head cover (16) in which there are formed rotary half-bearings (86, 88) for the moving components (40, 42) which cooperate with complementary half-bearings (90, 92) formed in the upper face (48) of the cylinder head.
EP91401889A 1990-08-07 1991-07-08 Internal combustion engine with an air inlet device integrated into the cylinder head Expired - Lifetime EP0470874B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9010075A FR2665730B1 (en) 1990-08-07 1990-08-07 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH AIR INTAKE DEVICE INTEGRATED IN THE CYLINDER HEAD.
FR9010075 1990-08-07

Publications (2)

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EP0470874A1 EP0470874A1 (en) 1992-02-12
EP0470874B1 true EP0470874B1 (en) 1994-04-06

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EP91401889A Expired - Lifetime EP0470874B1 (en) 1990-08-07 1991-07-08 Internal combustion engine with an air inlet device integrated into the cylinder head

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0470874B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69101607T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2665730B1 (en)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102330615A (en) * 2010-06-11 2012-01-25 本田技研工业株式会社 Cylinder cap device of internal combustion engine
CN105569868A (en) * 2015-12-14 2016-05-11 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Novel efficient air inlet system

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DE4332198A1 (en) * 1993-09-22 1995-03-23 Porsche Ag Internal combustion engine
JP3671508B2 (en) * 1996-03-25 2005-07-13 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine head structure
US6095105A (en) * 1999-03-01 2000-08-01 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Plenum/runner module having integrated engine valve cover
DE102008062188A1 (en) * 2008-12-13 2010-06-17 Volkswagen Ag Cylinder head for internal combustion engine, particularly for vehicle, comprises edge of partition in direction of inlet manifold flange, where intake flow is divided in individual intake channel in cylinder head for working cylinders
DE102011076001A1 (en) * 2011-05-17 2012-11-22 Elringklinger Ag Bonnet for mounting in cylinder head-sided portion of diesel engine block, has flaps mounted at bonnet to control flow of charging air through charging air supply channels of charging air distribution unit
AP2013006765A0 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-03-31 Tvs Motor Co Ltd Intake system for a motorcycle
FR3077092B1 (en) * 2018-01-24 2020-01-10 Renault S.A.S. OPTIMIZED AIR INTAKE CIRCUIT OF A VEHICLE DRIVE GROUP

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GB191327591A (en) * 1913-12-01 1914-07-02 Albion Motor Car Co Ltd Improvements in connection with "Monobloc" Four Cylinder Internal Combustion Engines.
GB122468A (en) * 1918-01-23 1919-01-23 Albion Motor Car Co Ltd Improvements in the Induction Passages of Internal Combustion Engines.
FR2615905B1 (en) * 1987-05-29 1989-09-15 Renault MULTI-VALVE CYLINDER HEAD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
DE3730817A1 (en) * 1987-09-14 1989-03-23 Porsche Ag CYLINDER HEAD COVER WITH SUCTION PIPE SYSTEM FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
IT1211316B (en) * 1987-09-23 1989-10-12 Fiat Auto Spa CYLINDER HEAD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102330615A (en) * 2010-06-11 2012-01-25 本田技研工业株式会社 Cylinder cap device of internal combustion engine
CN102330615B (en) * 2010-06-11 2014-04-30 本田技研工业株式会社 Cylinder cap device of internal combustion engine
CN105569868A (en) * 2015-12-14 2016-05-11 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) Novel efficient air inlet system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2665730A1 (en) 1992-02-14
DE69101607T2 (en) 1994-11-10
EP0470874A1 (en) 1992-02-12
DE69101607D1 (en) 1994-05-11
FR2665730B1 (en) 1993-08-06

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