EP0468851A1 - In- and deflatable buffer and thrustor equipped with such a buffer - Google Patents

In- and deflatable buffer and thrustor equipped with such a buffer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0468851A1
EP0468851A1 EP91401968A EP91401968A EP0468851A1 EP 0468851 A1 EP0468851 A1 EP 0468851A1 EP 91401968 A EP91401968 A EP 91401968A EP 91401968 A EP91401968 A EP 91401968A EP 0468851 A1 EP0468851 A1 EP 0468851A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cushion
block
elastically deformable
inflatable
deflatable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91401968A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gérard Pere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Areva NP SAS
Original Assignee
Framatome SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Framatome SA filed Critical Framatome SA
Publication of EP0468851A1 publication Critical patent/EP0468851A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B5/061—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws with fluid drive
    • B25B5/065—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws with fluid drive involving the use of flexible pressure bags or diaphragms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B29/00—Accessories
    • B25B29/02—Bolt tensioners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/10—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit the motor being of diaphragm type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an inflatable and deflatable cushion and an extension cylinder provided with such a cushion.
  • the cover is fixed to the tank by connecting elements, such as for example studs, which are screwed into threads provided in the upper part of said tank and which penetrate through through bores provided in the flange of the cover and corresponding to said threads.
  • These studs are generally used in fairly large numbers and relatively close to each other, so that the disassembly and reassembly of the cover requires the positioning, screwing and unscrewing of all these studs.
  • a tension device is exerted on the studs in order to put them in a pre-stressed state.
  • This device is composed of several inflatable membranes superimposed and arranged above the elements to be stretched.
  • the membranes are mounted in a support forming an envelope.
  • a tensioning device for tightening bolts in which an expandable waterproof member is used composed of a layer of rubber rolled on a metal template.
  • the fluid under pressure forces the elastic layer to expand so as to exert a piston action on the element to be stretched.
  • a bolt tightening device comprising a cylinder ring with a torus deformable by fluid under pressure.
  • the inflatable and deflatable cushions used up to now, in particular in devices for tensioning a connecting element consist of at least one hollow envelope providing, in the deflated state, a chamber internal inflation.
  • the developed force is limited taking into account the resistance of the envelope so that to obtain a sufficient force, it is necessary either to increase the active section which is not always possible taking into account the environment and the space available, or superimpose several cushions which complicates the assembly and the pressurized fluid supply system.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid these drawbacks and to propose an inflatable and deflatable cushion whose use requires no particular means. for its installation, while being able to be used in a very wide pressure range.
  • the inflatable and deflatable cushion is characterized in that it is formed by a block of elastically deformable material comprising an internal slot whose walls are joined in the initial state to form a solid section of said block and a channel inflation comprising a first end disposed opposite said internal slot and a second end connected to a source of pressurized fluid.
  • the present invention also relates to an extension cylinder of a connecting element comprising a member for clamping a workpiece and, at its upper end, a gripping member forming the body of said cylinder and intended to cooperate with a base resting on said part and comprising a housing for said clamping member, said cylinder comprising means exerting a piston action on said connecting element via said gripping member, characterized in that said means exerting a piston action are formed by an inflatable and deflatable cushion as mentioned above.
  • the inflatable and deflatable cushion 1 according to the invention as shown in FIG. 1 is, in the deflated state, in the form of a block of elastically deformable material such as for example an elastomer or an equivalent material.
  • the block has an internal slot 2 and an inflation channel 3 comprising a first end 3a disposed opposite said internal slot 2 and a second end 3b connected to a source of pressurized fluid not shown.
  • the walls of the slot 2 are joined so that the cushion 1 has, when deflated, a solid section.
  • this elasticity causes a narrowing of the internal slit so that in the initial state, this slit disappears and the inflatable and deflatable cushion is full.
  • the cushion according to the present invention does not include any inflation chamber.
  • the block is obtained for example by molding, and in this case said channel 3 can be formed by a cylindrical conduit 4, molded directly with said block.
  • an insert 5 made of non-stick material is placed in the internal slot 2.
  • This insert 5 has the same section and follows the shape of the internal slot 2 so that in the deflated state the walls of said slot are applied to the insert 5 to form an inflatable and deflatable cushion having a solid section.
  • the channel 3 is formed in an inflation duct 6, one end of which is attached to a conical bore 7 formed in the block of said cushion 1.
  • the inflating and deflatable cushion 1 is formed of two solid parts 1a and 1b each comprising a flat face respectively 10a and 10b opposite a corresponding face of the other part so as to delimit a joint plane "P".
  • peripheral portions of the faces 10a and 10b are fixed by any suitable means to each other so as to form between the parts 1a and 1b of the cushion 1 the internal slot 2.
  • the walls of the slot 2 are contiguous so that the cushion 1 has, when it is deflated, a solid section, comprising no inflation chamber.
  • An insert 5 made of non-stick material can be placed in this internal slot 2.
  • the channel 3 can be formed in a duct molded directly with the corresponding part 1a or 1b or in a duct, one end of which is attached in a conical bore formed in said corresponding part.
  • the inflatable and deflatable cushion 1 made of elastically deformable material has any shape and section such as for example lenticular and may comprise on its lateral edges at least one rigid segment 9 for example metallic and of triangular shape added or embedded in the material constituting the block of the cushion so as to obstruct the extrusion of said material under pressure, as will be seen later.
  • the pressurized fluid arrives through the channel 3 in the internal slot 2 in such a way that the walls of said internal slot move apart to form a chamber.
  • the inflatable and deflatable cushion 1 according to the present invention is autoclave, that is to say that the higher the pressure the more the seal is total which makes it possible to increase the reliability and to eliminate the sealing problems.
  • this inflatable and deflatable cushion can be, by design, used in a very wide pressure range which can reach values of the order of 3000 bars.
  • This jack designated as a whole by the reference 20 allows the tensioning of a connecting element constituted for example by a stud 30.
  • the stud 30 is intended for fixing a cover 31 on a tank 32 for example of a nuclear reactor.
  • the tank 32 comprises in the upper part, a set of threads 33 distributed symmetrically on a circumference with respect to the main axis of the said tank and intended to each receive the end of a stud 30.
  • the cover 31 is provided with a peripheral flange 31a pierced with through bores 34 corresponding to the threads 33 of the tank 32 and distributed symmetrically on a circumference concentric with respect to the main axis of said cover.
  • Each through bore 34 is intended for the passage of a stud 30.
  • a gripping member 35 On the filtered upper end of the stud 30 is screwed a gripping member 35, constituted for example by a nut, coming to bear on the upper face of the flange 31a for fixing the cover 31 to the tank 32.
  • the jack 20 consists of a base 21 resting on the upper face of the flange 31a of the cover 31 and provided with a housing 21a to allow the tightening member 35 to be screwed in or unscrewed by a suitable means, not shown, optionally by means of a pin which can be introduced into the orifices 35a of the clamping member 35.
  • This base 21 is surmounted by a tubular part 21b provided at its upper end with a housing 21c.
  • This housing 21c is intended to receive the inflatable and deflatable cushion 1 and, for this purpose, has a shape complementary to the half-section of said cushion.
  • the base 21 comprises a conduit 22 into which the inflation tube of the cushion 1 penetrates so as to put in communication a source of pressurized fluid, not shown, and the internal slot 2 of said cushion.
  • the cushion 1 is also placed in a housing 25a of a shape complementary to the half-section of said cushion, formed in the lower part of a gripping member 25 screwed onto the threaded upper end of the stud 30.
  • the upper end of the tubular part 21b of the base 21 enters an annular recess 25b formed in the lower part of the gripper 25 and of slightly larger dimensions to the radial size of the airbag 1 so that its installation is carried out without risk of snagging or jamming.
  • the inflatable and deflatable cushion 1 has a toric shape with a lenticular section which makes it possible to reduce the stresses in the parts in contact.
  • this insert has, in this case, the shape of a washer.
  • the size of the cushion 1 does not exceed the diameter of the gripping member.
  • the pressurized fluid emerges, via the conduits 22 and 3, at the level of the internal slot 2 formed in the cushion 1, which causes the walls of said slot to separate (Fig. 6) .
  • the segments 9 obstruct the extrusion of the material under pressure.
  • the tensioning of the stud 30 thus produced can be followed by the various screwing or unscrewing operations of the clamping member 35.
  • the extension cylinder according to the invention is composed of a minimum of elements so that its use does not require any particular means for its installation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an inflatable and deflatable buffer (1) formed by a block of elastically deformable material comprising an internal slit (2) whose walls in the initial state meet to form a solid section of said block and an inflating channel (3) comprising a first end (3a) level with said internal slit and a second end (3b) connected to a pressurised fluid source. The present invention also relates to a thrustor for extending a threaded connecting component, comprising means which exert a piston action on said piston component and are formed by an inflatable and deflatable buffer according to the invention. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un coussin gonflable et dégonflable et un vérin d'extension muni d'un tel coussin.The present invention relates to an inflatable and deflatable cushion and an extension cylinder provided with such a cushion.

On sait que les coussins gonflables et dégonflables sont utilisés dans de nombreuses applications et notamment pour soulever des pièces ou pour excercer une traction sur un élément de liaison en vue de le maintenir dans un état de précontrainte au cours du serrage ou du desserrage d'une pièce sur un appareil.It is known that air bags and air bags are used in many applications and in particular to lift parts or to exert traction on a connecting element in order to maintain it in a state of prestressing during tightening or loosening of a piece on a device.

C'est notamment le cas pour des enceintes sous pression utilisées dans l'industrie, notamment nucléaire, par exemple les cuves de réacteurs nucléaires, chimique ou pétrochimique où un couvercle est fixé de manière amovible sur une cuve afin de pouvoir intervenir périodiquement dans la dite cuve.This is particularly the case for pressure vessels used in the industry, in particular the nuclear industry, for example the nuclear, chemical or petrochemical reactor vessels where a cover is removably attached to a vessel in order to be able to intervene periodically in the said tank.

A cet effet, le couvercle est fixé sur la cuve par des éléments de liaison, comme par exemple des goujons, qui sont vissés dans des taraudages prévus en partie haute de ladite cuve et qui pénétrent dans des alésages débouchants prévus dans la bride du couvercle et correspondant auxdits taraudages.To this end, the cover is fixed to the tank by connecting elements, such as for example studs, which are screwed into threads provided in the upper part of said tank and which penetrate through through bores provided in the flange of the cover and corresponding to said threads.

Ces goujons sont généralement employés en assez grand nombre et relativement rapprochés les uns des autres, si bien que le démontage et le remontage du couvercle nécessitent le positionnement, le vissage et le dévissage de tous ces goujons.These studs are generally used in fairly large numbers and relatively close to each other, so that the disassembly and reassembly of the cover requires the positioning, screwing and unscrewing of all these studs.

De plus, pendant les opérations de montage et de démontage, on exerce, par un dispositif de tension, une traction sur les goujons afin de les mettre dans un état de précontrainte.In addition, during assembly and disassembly operations, a tension device is exerted on the studs in order to put them in a pre-stressed state.

A cet effet, on connait par le FR-A-2 440251 un dispositif hydraulique pour mettre en prétension les éléments de liaison constitutés par des goujons.To this end, there is known from FR-A-2 440251 a hydraulic device for pretensioning the connecting elements constituted by studs.

Ce dispositif est composé de plusieurs membranes gonflables superposées et disposées au-dessus des éléments à tendre. Les membranes sont montées dans un support formant enveloppe.This device is composed of several inflatable membranes superimposed and arranged above the elements to be stretched. The membranes are mounted in a support forming an envelope.

On connait également par le FR-A-2 400 999, un dispositif de mise sous tension pour serrer des boulons dans lequel on utilise un organe étanche extensible, composé d'une couche de caoutchouc roulée sur un gabarit de métal.We also know from FR-A-2 400 999, a tensioning device for tightening bolts in which an expandable waterproof member is used, composed of a layer of rubber rolled on a metal template.

Le fluide sous pression oblige la couche élastique à se dilater de façon à exercer une action de piston sur l'élément à tendre.The fluid under pressure forces the elastic layer to expand so as to exert a piston action on the element to be stretched.

On connait par ailleurs, dans le FR-A-2 587 742, un dispositif de serrage de boulonnerie comprenant un anneau vérin à tore déformable par fluide sous pression.We also know, in FR-A-2 587 742, a bolt tightening device comprising a cylinder ring with a torus deformable by fluid under pressure.

D'une manière générale, les coussins gonflables et dégonflables utilisés jusqu'à présent, notamment dans des dispositifs de mise en tension d'un élément de liaison, sont constitués par au moins une enveloppe creuse ménageant, à l'état dégonflé, une chambre interne de gonflage.In general, the inflatable and deflatable cushions used up to now, in particular in devices for tensioning a connecting element, consist of at least one hollow envelope providing, in the deflated state, a chamber internal inflation.

Mais, ces dispositifs connus présentent des inconvénients.However, these known devices have drawbacks.

En effet, la force développée est limitée compte tenu de la résistance de l'enveloppe si bien que pour obtenir une force suffisante, il faut soit augmenter la section active ce qui n'est pas toujours possible compte tenu de l'environement et de la place disponible, soit superposer plusieurs coussins ce qui complique le montage et le système d'alimentation en fluide sous pression.Indeed, the developed force is limited taking into account the resistance of the envelope so that to obtain a sufficient force, it is necessary either to increase the active section which is not always possible taking into account the environment and the space available, or superimpose several cushions which complicates the assembly and the pressurized fluid supply system.

La présente invention a pour but d'éviter ces inconvénients et de proposer un coussin gonflable et dégonflable dont l'utilisation n'exige aucun moyen particulier pour sa mise en place, tout en pouvant être utilisé dans une gamme de pression très large.The object of the present invention is to avoid these drawbacks and to propose an inflatable and deflatable cushion whose use requires no particular means. for its installation, while being able to be used in a very wide pressure range.

Suivant l'invention, le coussin gonflable et dégonflable est caractérisé en ce qu'il est formé par un bloc de matériau déformable élastiquement comprenant une fente interne dont les parois sont jointives à l'état initial pour former une section pleine dudit bloc et un canal de gonflage comportant une première extrémité disposée en regard de ladite fente interne et une seconde extrémité reliée à une source de fluide sous pression.According to the invention, the inflatable and deflatable cushion is characterized in that it is formed by a block of elastically deformable material comprising an internal slot whose walls are joined in the initial state to form a solid section of said block and a channel inflation comprising a first end disposed opposite said internal slot and a second end connected to a source of pressurized fluid.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • le bloc de matériau déformable élastiquement est formé de deux parties pleines comportant chacune une face plane en regard d'une face correspondante de l'autre partie de manière à délimiter un plan de joint, des portions périphériques desdites faces étant fixées l'une sur l'autre de manière à former sur lesdites parties ladite fente interne,
  • un insert en matériau anti-adhérent est disposé dans ladite fente interne,
  • le bloc de matériau déformable élastiquement est moulé,
  • le bloc de matériau déformable élastiquement a une section lenticulaire,
  • le canal est formé dans un conduit de gonflage moulé avec ledit bloc,
  • le canal est formé dans un conduit de gonflage dont une extrémité est rapportée dans un alésage conique formé dans ledit bloc,
  • le matériau déformable élastiquement dudit bloc est constitué par un élastomère, ou un matériau équivalent,
  • le coussin comporte sur les bords de ses faces externes au moins un segment rigide faisant obstruction à l'extrusion de la matière constituant ledit coussin.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the block of elastically deformable material is formed of two solid parts each comprising a flat face opposite a corresponding face of the other part so as to delimit a joint plane, peripheral portions of said faces being fixed one on the 'other so as to form on said parts said internal slot,
  • an insert of non-stick material is placed in said internal slot,
  • the block of elastically deformable material is molded,
  • the block of elastically deformable material has a lenticular section,
  • the channel is formed in an inflation duct molded with said block,
  • the channel is formed in an inflation duct, one end of which is attached to a conical bore formed in said block,
  • the elastically deformable material of said block consists of an elastomer, or an equivalent material,
  • the cushion comprises on the edges of its external faces at least one rigid segment obstructing the extrusion of the material constituting said cushion.

La présente invention a également pour objet un vérin d'extension d'un élément de liaison comportant un organe de serrage d'une pièce et, à son extrémité supérieure, un organe de prise formant le corps dudit vérin et destiné à coopérer avec une embase en appui sur ladite pièce et comportant un logement pour ledit organe de serrage, ledit vérin comprenant des moyens exerçant une action de piston sur ledit élément de liaison par l'intermédiaire dudit organe de prise, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens exerçant une action de piston sont formés par un coussin gonflable et dégonflable comme mentionné ci-dessus.The present invention also relates to an extension cylinder of a connecting element comprising a member for clamping a workpiece and, at its upper end, a gripping member forming the body of said cylinder and intended to cooperate with a base resting on said part and comprising a housing for said clamping member, said cylinder comprising means exerting a piston action on said connecting element via said gripping member, characterized in that said means exerting a piston action are formed by an inflatable and deflatable cushion as mentioned above.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • le coussin a une forme torique de section lenticulaire,
  • le coussin est placé dans un logement de forme complémentaire à la demi-section dudit coussin, ménagé dans la partie inférieure dudit organe de prise,
  • le coussin repose dans un logement de forme complémentaire à la demi-section dudit coussin, ménagé à l'extrémité supérieure d'une partie tubulaire surmontant ladite embase,
  • l'extrémité supérieure de ladite partie tubulaire pénétre dans un évidement annulaire ménagé à la partie inférieure dudit organe de prise et de dimensions légèrement supérieures à l'encombrement radial du coussin,
  • l'embase comporte un conduit mettant en communication la source de fluide sous pression et la fente interne dudit coussin.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the cushion has a toric shape with a lenticular section,
  • the cushion is placed in a housing of complementary shape to the half-section of said cushion, formed in the lower part of said gripping member,
  • the cushion rests in a housing of complementary shape to the half-section of said cushion, formed at the upper end of a tubular part surmounting said base,
  • the upper end of said tubular part enters an annular recess formed in the lower part of said engagement member and of dimensions slightly greater than the radial size of the cushion,
  • the base includes a conduit communicating the source of pressurized fluid and the internal slit of said cushion.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la Fig. 1 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un premier mode de réalisation du coussin en position dégonflée,
  • la Fig. 2 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un second mode de réalisation du coussin en position dégonflée,
  • la Fig. 3 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un troisième mode de réalisation du coussin en position dégonflée,
  • la Fig. 4 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un quatrième mode de réalisation du coussin en position dégonflée,
  • la Fig. 5 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale d'un vérin d'extension d'un élément de liaison.
  • la Fig. 6 est une vue partielle en coupe du vérin montrant le coussin en position gonflée.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the cushion in the deflated position,
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the cushion in the deflated position,
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of the cushion in the deflated position,
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the cushion in the deflated position,
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an extension cylinder of a connecting element.
  • Fig. 6 is a partial sectional view of the jack showing the cushion in the inflated position.

Le coussin 1 gonflable et dégonflable conforme à l'invention tel qu'il est représenté à la Fig. 1 se présente, à l'état dégonflé, sous la forme d'un bloc de matériau déformable élastiquement comme par exemple un élastomère ou un matériau équivalent.The inflatable and deflatable cushion 1 according to the invention as shown in FIG. 1 is, in the deflated state, in the form of a block of elastically deformable material such as for example an elastomer or an equivalent material.

Le bloc comporte une fente interne 2 et un canal de gonflage 3 comportant une première extrémité 3a disposée en regard de ladite fente interne 2 et une seconde extrémité 3b reliée à une source de fluide sous pression non représentée.The block has an internal slot 2 and an inflation channel 3 comprising a first end 3a disposed opposite said internal slot 2 and a second end 3b connected to a source of pressurized fluid not shown.

A l'état initial, les parois de la fente 2 sont jointives de telle manière que le coussin 1 présente, lorsqu'il est dégonflé, une section pleine.In the initial state, the walls of the slot 2 are joined so that the cushion 1 has, when deflated, a solid section.

En effet, compte tenu de la matière composant le bloc et du fait de son élasticité, cette élasticité provoque un rétrécissement de la fente interne si bien qu'à l'état initial, cette fente disparait et le coussin gonflable et dégonflable est plein.Indeed, taking into account the material composing the block and because of its elasticity, this elasticity causes a narrowing of the internal slit so that in the initial state, this slit disappears and the inflatable and deflatable cushion is full.

Par conséquent, avant gonflage, le coussin selon la présente invention ne comporte aucune chambre de gonflage.Consequently, before inflation, the cushion according to the present invention does not include any inflation chamber.

Le bloc est obtenu par exemple par moulage, et dans ce cas ledit canal 3 peut être formé par un conduit 4 cylindrique, moulé directement avec ledit bloc.The block is obtained for example by molding, and in this case said channel 3 can be formed by a cylindrical conduit 4, molded directly with said block.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation représenté à la Fig. 2, un insert 5 en matériau anti-adhérent est disposé dans la fente interne 2.According to another embodiment shown in FIG. 2, an insert 5 made of non-stick material is placed in the internal slot 2.

Cet insert 5 a la même section et épouse la forme de la fente interne 2 de telle manière qu'à l'état dégonflé les parois de ladite fente soient appliquées sur l'insert 5 pour constituer un coussin gonflable et dégonflable présentant une section pleine.This insert 5 has the same section and follows the shape of the internal slot 2 so that in the deflated state the walls of said slot are applied to the insert 5 to form an inflatable and deflatable cushion having a solid section.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation représenté à la Fig. 3, le canal 3 est formé dans un conduit 6 de gonflage dont une extrémité est rapportée dans un alésage conique 7 formé dans le bloc dudit coussin 1.According to another embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the channel 3 is formed in an inflation duct 6, one end of which is attached to a conical bore 7 formed in the block of said cushion 1.

Selon encore un autre mode de réalisation représenté à la Fig. 4, le coussin 1 gonflage et dégonflable est formé de deux parties pleines 1a et 1b comportant chacune une face plane respectivement 10a et 10b en regard d'une face correspondante de l'autre partie de manière à délimiter un plan de joint "P".According to yet another embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the inflating and deflatable cushion 1 is formed of two solid parts 1a and 1b each comprising a flat face respectively 10a and 10b opposite a corresponding face of the other part so as to delimit a joint plane "P".

Les portions périphériques des faces 10a et 10b sont fixées par tout moyen approprié l'une sur l'autre de manière à former entre les parties 1a et 1b du coussin 1 la fente interne 2.The peripheral portions of the faces 10a and 10b are fixed by any suitable means to each other so as to form between the parts 1a and 1b of the cushion 1 the internal slot 2.

Dans ce cas également, les parois de la fente 2 sont jointives de telle manière que le coussin 1 présente, lorsqu'il est dégonflé, une section pleine, ne comportant aucune chambre de gonflage.In this case also, the walls of the slot 2 are contiguous so that the cushion 1 has, when it is deflated, a solid section, comprising no inflation chamber.

Un insert 5 en matériau anti-adhérent peut être disposé dans cette fente interne 2.An insert 5 made of non-stick material can be placed in this internal slot 2.

Par ailleurs, le canal 3 peut être formé dans un conduit moulé directement avec la partie 1a ou 1b correspondante ou dans un conduit dont une extrémité est rapportée dans un alésage conique ménagé dans ladite partie correspondante.Furthermore, the channel 3 can be formed in a duct molded directly with the corresponding part 1a or 1b or in a duct, one end of which is attached in a conical bore formed in said corresponding part.

Le coussin 1 gonflable et dégonflable en matériau déformable élastiquement a une forme et une section quelconque comme par exemple lenticulaire et peut comporter sur ses bords latéraux au moins un segment 9 rigide par exemple métallique et de forme triangulaire rapporté ou noyé dans la matière constituant le bloc du coussin de façon à faire obstruction à l'extrusion de ladite matière sous pression, comme on le verra ultérieurement.The inflatable and deflatable cushion 1 made of elastically deformable material has any shape and section such as for example lenticular and may comprise on its lateral edges at least one rigid segment 9 for example metallic and of triangular shape added or embedded in the material constituting the block of the cushion so as to obstruct the extrusion of said material under pressure, as will be seen later.

Au moment du gonflage, le fluide sous pression arrive par le canal 3 dans la fente interne 2 de telle manière que les parois de ladite fente interne s'écartent pour former une chambre.At the time of inflation, the pressurized fluid arrives through the channel 3 in the internal slot 2 in such a way that the walls of said internal slot move apart to form a chamber.

Le coussin 1 gonflable et dégonflable selon la présente invention est autoclave, c'est à dire que plus la pression est élevée plus l'étanchéité est totale ce qui permet d'accroître la fiabilité et d'éliminer les problèmes d'étanchéité.The inflatable and deflatable cushion 1 according to the present invention is autoclave, that is to say that the higher the pressure the more the seal is total which makes it possible to increase the reliability and to eliminate the sealing problems.

Son utilisation est facile et n'exige aucun moyen particulier pour sa mise en place, ce qui facilite d'une part le montage en atelier et d'autre part permet de réduire de façon significative les temps d'intervention sur le site.Its use is easy and requires no particular means for its installation, which facilitates on the one hand the assembly in the workshop and on the other hand allows to significantly reduce the intervention times on the site.

D'autre part, ce coussin gonflable et dégonflable peut être, de part sa conception, utilisé dans une gamme de pression très large pouvant atteindre des valeurs de l'ordre de 3000 bars.On the other hand, this inflatable and deflatable cushion can be, by design, used in a very wide pressure range which can reach values of the order of 3000 bars.

En se reportant maintenant aux Figs. 5 et 6, on va décrire un vérin d'extension muni d'un coussin gonflable et dégonflable selon la présente invention.Referring now to Figs. 5 and 6, we will describe an extension cylinder provided with an inflatable and deflatable cushion according to the present invention.

Ce vérin désigné dans son ensemble par la référence 20 permet la mise sous tension d'un élément de liaison constitué par exemple par un goujon 30.This jack designated as a whole by the reference 20 allows the tensioning of a connecting element constituted for example by a stud 30.

Le goujon 30 est destiné à la fixation d'un couvercle 31 sur une cuve 32 par exemple d'un réacteur nucléaire.The stud 30 is intended for fixing a cover 31 on a tank 32 for example of a nuclear reactor.

A cet effet, la cuve 32 comporte en partie haute, un ensemble de taraudages 33 répartis symétriquement sur une circonférence par rapport à l'axe principal de ladite cuve et destinés à recevoir chacun l'extrémité d'un goujon 30.To this end, the tank 32 comprises in the upper part, a set of threads 33 distributed symmetrically on a circumference with respect to the main axis of the said tank and intended to each receive the end of a stud 30.

D'autre part, le couvercle 31 est pourvu d'une bride périphérique 31a perçée d'alésages débouchants 34 correspondant aux taraudages 33 de la cuve 32 et répartis symétriquement sur une circonférence concentrique par rapport à l'axe principal dudit couvercle.On the other hand, the cover 31 is provided with a peripheral flange 31a pierced with through bores 34 corresponding to the threads 33 of the tank 32 and distributed symmetrically on a circumference concentric with respect to the main axis of said cover.

Chaque alésage débouchant 34 est destiné au passage d'un goujon 30.Each through bore 34 is intended for the passage of a stud 30.

Sur l'extrémité supérieure filtée du goujon 30 est vissé un organe de prise 35, constitué par exemple par un écrou, venant en appui sur la face supérieure de la bride 31a pour la fixation du couvercle 31 sur la cuve 32.On the filtered upper end of the stud 30 is screwed a gripping member 35, constituted for example by a nut, coming to bear on the upper face of the flange 31a for fixing the cover 31 to the tank 32.

Le vérin 20 se compose d'une embase 21 reposant sur la face supérieure de la bride 31a du couvercle 31 et munie d'un logement 21a pour permettre le vissage ou le dévissage de l'organe de serrage 35 par un moyen approprié non représenté, éventuellement au moyen d'une broche pouvant être introduite dans les orifices 35a de l'organe de serrage 35.The jack 20 consists of a base 21 resting on the upper face of the flange 31a of the cover 31 and provided with a housing 21a to allow the tightening member 35 to be screwed in or unscrewed by a suitable means, not shown, optionally by means of a pin which can be introduced into the orifices 35a of the clamping member 35.

Cette embase 21 est surmontée d'une partie tubulaire 21b munie à son extrémité supérieure d'un logement 21c. Ce logement 21c est destiné à recevoir le coussin 1 gonflable et dégonflable et, à cet effet, a une forme complémentaire à la demi-section dudit coussin.This base 21 is surmounted by a tubular part 21b provided at its upper end with a housing 21c. This housing 21c is intended to receive the inflatable and deflatable cushion 1 and, for this purpose, has a shape complementary to the half-section of said cushion.

L'embase 21 comporte un conduit 22 dans lequel pénétre le conduit de gonflage du coussin 1 de façon à mettre en communication une source de fluide sous pression, non représentée, et la fente interne 2 dudit coussin.The base 21 comprises a conduit 22 into which the inflation tube of the cushion 1 penetrates so as to put in communication a source of pressurized fluid, not shown, and the internal slot 2 of said cushion.

Le coussin 1 est également placé dans un logement 25a de forme complémentaire à la demi-section dudit coussin, ménagé dans la partie inférieure d'un organe de prise 25 vissée sur l'extrémité supérieure filetée du goujon 30.The cushion 1 is also placed in a housing 25a of a shape complementary to the half-section of said cushion, formed in the lower part of a gripping member 25 screwed onto the threaded upper end of the stud 30.

Pour assurer le guidage de l'organe de prise 25, l'extrémité supérieure de la partie tubulaire 21 b de l'embase 21 pénétre dans un évidement anulaire 25b ménagé à la partie inférieure de l'organe de prise 25 et de dimensions légèrement supérieures à l'encombrement radial du coussin gonflable 1 de sorte que sa mise en place soit exécutée sans risque d'accrochage ou de coincement.To guide the gripper 25, the upper end of the tubular part 21b of the base 21 enters an annular recess 25b formed in the lower part of the gripper 25 and of slightly larger dimensions to the radial size of the airbag 1 so that its installation is carried out without risk of snagging or jamming.

Le coussin 1 gonflable et dégonflable a une forme torique de section lenticulaire ce qui permet de réduire les contraintes dans les pièces en contact.The inflatable and deflatable cushion 1 has a toric shape with a lenticular section which makes it possible to reduce the stresses in the parts in contact.

Dans le cas où un insert 5 est placé dans la fente interne 2, cet insert a, dans ce cas, la forme d'une rondelle.If an insert 5 is placed in the internal slot 2, this insert has, in this case, the shape of a washer.

L'encombrement du coussin 1 ne dépasse pas en diamètre l'organe de prise.The size of the cushion 1 does not exceed the diameter of the gripping member.

Au moment du gonflage, le fluide sous pression débouche, par l'interméidaire des conduits 22 et 3, au niveau de la fente interne 2 ménagée dans le coussin 1, ce qui provoque l'écartement des parois de ladite fente (Fig. 6).At the time of inflation, the pressurized fluid emerges, via the conduits 22 and 3, at the level of the internal slot 2 formed in the cushion 1, which causes the walls of said slot to separate (Fig. 6) .

Ainsi, en se gonflant le coussin exerce, par l'intermédaire de l'organe de prise 25, une traction sur le goujon 30.Thus, by inflating the cushion exerts, by means of the gripping member 25, a traction on the stud 30.

Les segments 9 font obstruction à l'extrusion de la matière sous pression.The segments 9 obstruct the extrusion of the material under pressure.

Le tensionnement du goujon 30 ainsi réalisé, qu'il soit fait au montage ou au démontage, peut être suivi des différentes opérations de vissage ou de dévissage de l'organe de serrage 35.The tensioning of the stud 30 thus produced, whether it is done during assembly or disassembly, can be followed by the various screwing or unscrewing operations of the clamping member 35.

Le vérin d'extension selon l'invention est composé d'un minimum d'éléments si bien que son utilisation n'exige aucun moyen particulier pour sa mise en place.The extension cylinder according to the invention is composed of a minimum of elements so that its use does not require any particular means for its installation.

Ainsi, il peut être utilisé dans toutes les industries mettant en oeuvre des éléments qui nécessitent une précontrainte et peut s'adapter à toutes dimensions et à toutes normes de filetage.Thus, it can be used in all industries using elements which require prestressing and can adapt to all dimensions and all threading standards.

Claims (15)

Coussin (1) gonflable et dégonflable, caractérisé en ce qu'il est formé par un bloc de matériau déformable élastiquement comprenant une fente interne (2) dont les parois sont jointives à l'état initial pour former une section pleine dudit bloc et un canal (3) de gonflage comportant une première extrémité (3a) disposée en regard de ladite fente interne et une seconde extrémité (3b) reliée à une source de fluide sous pression.Inflatable and deflatable cushion (1), characterized in that it is formed by a block of elastically deformable material comprising an internal slot (2) whose walls are joined in the initial state to form a solid section of said block and a channel (3) inflation comprising a first end (3a) disposed opposite said internal slot and a second end (3b) connected to a source of pressurized fluid. Coussin selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le bloc de matériau déformable élastiquement du coussin (1) est formé de deux parties (1a, 1b) pleines comportant chacune une face plane (10a) en regard d'une face (10b) correspondante de l'autre partie de manière à délimiter un plan de joint, des portions périphériques desdites faces (10a, 10b) étant fixées l'une sur l'autre de manière à former entre lesdites parties (1a, 1b) ladite fente interne (2).Cushion according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of elastically deformable material of the cushion (1) is formed by two solid parts (1a, 1b) each comprising a flat face (10a) opposite a corresponding face (10b) of the other part so as to delimit a joint plane, peripheral portions of said faces (10a, 10b) being fixed one on the other so as to form between said parts (1a, 1b) said internal slot (2 ). Coussin selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que un insert (5) en matériau anti-adhérent est disposé dans ladite fente interne (2).Cushion according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that an insert (5) made of non-stick material is disposed in said internal slot (2). Coussin selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le bloc de matériau déformable élastiquement dudit coussin gonflable (1) est moulé.Cushion according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the block of elastically deformable material of said airbag (1) is molded. Coussin selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le bloc en matériau déformable élastiquement dudit coussin gonflable (1) a une section lenticulaire.Cushion according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the block of elastically deformable material of said inflatable cushion (1) has a lenticular section. Coussin selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le canal (3) est formé dans un conduit (4) de gonflage moulé avec le bloc dudit coussin gonflable (1).Cushion according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel (3) is formed in an inflation duct (4) molded with the block of said airbag (1). Coussin selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le canal (3) est formé dans un conduit (6) de gonflage dont une extrémité est rapportée dans un alésage conique (7) formé dans le bloc dudit coussin gonflable (1).Cushion according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel (3) is formed in an inflation duct (6) one end of which is attached to a conical bore (7) formed in the block of said airbag (1). Coussin selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau déformable élastiquement du bloc dudit coussin gonflable (1) est constitué par un élastomère ou un matériau équivalent.Cushion according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastically deformable material of the block of said airbag (1) consists of an elastomer or an equivalent material. Coussin selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte, sur les bords de ses faces externes, au moins un segment (9) faisant obstruction à l'extruion la matière constituant ledit coussin gonflable (1).Cushion according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises, on the edges of its external faces, at least one segment (9) obstructing the extrusion of the material constituting said airbag (1). Vérin d'extension d'un élément de liaison (30) comportant un organe de serrage (35) d'une pièce (31) et, à son extrémité supérieure, un organe de prise (25) formant le corps dudit vérin et destiné à coopérer avec une embase (21) en appui sur ladite pièce (31) et comportant un logement (21a) pour ledit organe de serrage (35), ledit vérin comprenant des moyens exerçant une action de piston sur ledit élément de liaison (30) par l'intermédiaire dudit organe de prise (25), caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens exerçant une action de piston sont formés par un coussin (1) gonflable et dégonflable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Extension cylinder of a connecting element (30) comprising a clamping member (35) of a part (31) and, at its upper end, a gripping member (25) forming the body of said cylinder and intended to cooperate with a base (21) bearing on said part (31) and comprising a housing (21a) for said clamping member (35), said jack comprising means exerting a piston action on said connecting element (30) by through said gripping member (25), characterized in that said means exerting a piston action are formed by an inflatable and deflatable cushion (1) according to any one of the preceding claims. Vérin selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le coussin (1) a une forme torique de section lenticulaire.Cylinder according to claim 10, characterized in that the cushion (1) has a toric shape of lenticular section. Vérin selon les revendications 10 et 11, caractérisé en ce que le coussin (1) est placé dans un logement (25a) de forme complémentaire à la demi-section dudit coussin, ménagé dans la partie inférieure dudit organe de prise (25).Cylinder according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the cushion (1) is placed in a housing (25a) of shape complementary to the half-section of said cushion, formed in the lower part of said gripping member (25). Vérin selon les revendications 10 et 11, caractérisé en ce que le coussin (1) repose dans un logement (21c) de forme complémentaire à la demi-section dudit coussin, ménagé à l'extrémité supérieure d'une partie tubulaire (21b) surmontant ladite embase (21).Cylinder according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the cushion (1) rests in a housing (21c) of shape complementary to the half-section of said cushion, formed at the upper end of a tubular part (21b) surmounting said base (21). Vérin selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité supérieure de ladite partie tubulaire (21b) pénétre dans un évidement annulaire (25b) ménagé à la partie inférieure dudit organe de prise (25) et de dimensions légèrement supérieures à l'encombrement radial du coussin (1).Cylinder according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the upper end of said tubular part (21b) penetrates into an annular recess (25b) formed in the lower part of said gripping member (25) and of dimensions slightly larger than the radial size of the cushion (1). Vérin selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14, caractérisé en ce que l'embase (21) comporte un conduit (22) mettant en communication la source de fluide sous pression et la fente interne (2) dudit coussin.Cylinder according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the base (21) comprises a conduit (22) placing the source of pressurized fluid in communication with the internal slot (2) of said cushion.
EP91401968A 1990-07-25 1991-07-15 In- and deflatable buffer and thrustor equipped with such a buffer Withdrawn EP0468851A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9009513A FR2665235B1 (en) 1990-07-25 1990-07-25 INFLATABLE CUSHION AND EXTENSION CYLINDER PROVIDED WITH SUCH A CUSHION.
FR9009513 1990-07-25

Publications (1)

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EP0468851A1 true EP0468851A1 (en) 1992-01-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91401968A Withdrawn EP0468851A1 (en) 1990-07-25 1991-07-15 In- and deflatable buffer and thrustor equipped with such a buffer

Country Status (12)

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EP (1) EP0468851A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04290681A (en)
KR (1) KR920002275A (en)
CN (1) CN1058461A (en)
AU (1) AU8049091A (en)
CA (1) CA2047808A1 (en)
CS (1) CS230791A3 (en)
FI (1) FI913548A (en)
FR (1) FR2665235B1 (en)
NO (1) NO912871L (en)
RU (1) RU2046225C1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA915799B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002018103A1 (en) * 2000-08-28 2002-03-07 John Paul Mckelvey Inflatable tensioning device
WO2006024833A1 (en) * 2004-09-03 2006-03-09 Tentec Limited Fastening apparatus

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102117665B (en) * 2009-12-31 2013-01-02 中国核动力研究设计院 Sealing plug for kingbolt hole of reactor pressure vessel and operation tool thereof
DE202010011337U1 (en) * 2010-08-12 2010-10-21 Bohnet, Hans System for sealing a pipeline system
JP5854220B2 (en) * 2012-01-27 2016-02-09 Smc株式会社 Electric clamp device

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2815966A (en) * 1951-06-04 1957-12-10 Nat Clay Pipe Manufacturers In Pipe joint and inflatable gasket therefor
FR1457173A (en) * 1965-01-27 1966-10-28 Charmilles Sa Ateliers Sealing device between two components
FR2307200A1 (en) * 1975-04-11 1976-11-05 Noel Jean Louis Automobile windscreen mounting and sealing strip - has longitudinal chamber pressurised so pairs of lips engage edges of windscreen and mounting frame opening
US4342336A (en) * 1979-10-03 1982-08-03 Satterthwaite J Glenn Double-acting inflatable seal
FR2580742A1 (en) * 1985-04-18 1986-10-24 Sealol Method and device for tightening nuts and bolts

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2815966A (en) * 1951-06-04 1957-12-10 Nat Clay Pipe Manufacturers In Pipe joint and inflatable gasket therefor
FR1457173A (en) * 1965-01-27 1966-10-28 Charmilles Sa Ateliers Sealing device between two components
FR2307200A1 (en) * 1975-04-11 1976-11-05 Noel Jean Louis Automobile windscreen mounting and sealing strip - has longitudinal chamber pressurised so pairs of lips engage edges of windscreen and mounting frame opening
US4342336A (en) * 1979-10-03 1982-08-03 Satterthwaite J Glenn Double-acting inflatable seal
FR2580742A1 (en) * 1985-04-18 1986-10-24 Sealol Method and device for tightening nuts and bolts

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002018103A1 (en) * 2000-08-28 2002-03-07 John Paul Mckelvey Inflatable tensioning device
US6813955B2 (en) 2000-08-28 2004-11-09 Mckelvey John Paul Inflatable tensioning device
WO2006024833A1 (en) * 2004-09-03 2006-03-09 Tentec Limited Fastening apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2047808A1 (en) 1992-01-26
RU2046225C1 (en) 1995-10-20
FI913548A0 (en) 1991-07-24
AU8049091A (en) 1992-01-30
ZA915799B (en) 1993-03-31
KR920002275A (en) 1992-02-28
CN1058461A (en) 1992-02-05
FR2665235B1 (en) 1993-12-03
NO912871L (en) 1992-01-27
JPH04290681A (en) 1992-10-15
NO912871D0 (en) 1991-07-23
FI913548A (en) 1992-01-26
FR2665235A1 (en) 1992-01-31
CS230791A3 (en) 1992-02-19

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