EP0467217A1 - Card for building up a permeable structure - Google Patents

Card for building up a permeable structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0467217A1
EP0467217A1 EP91111529A EP91111529A EP0467217A1 EP 0467217 A1 EP0467217 A1 EP 0467217A1 EP 91111529 A EP91111529 A EP 91111529A EP 91111529 A EP91111529 A EP 91111529A EP 0467217 A1 EP0467217 A1 EP 0467217A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
card
holes
recesses
rows
cards
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91111529A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0467217B1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Böttcher
Rudolf Dr. Ganz
Otto Heinz
Jörg Hönerlage
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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Publication of EP0467217A1 publication Critical patent/EP0467217A1/en
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Publication of EP0467217B1 publication Critical patent/EP0467217B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/086—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning having one or more openings therein forming tubular heat-exchange passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/04—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of ceramic; of concrete; of natural stone
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24298—Noncircular aperture [e.g., slit, diamond, rectangular, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24298—Noncircular aperture [e.g., slit, diamond, rectangular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24314—Slit or elongated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/268—Monolayer with structurally defined element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a card made of ceramic material for the construction of permeable structures, in particular for the construction of cross-flow heat exchangers.
  • Maps of the type mentioned, and permeable structures made therefrom are known from DE-A-36 43 750.
  • the known cards have first recesses which form continuous channels in the case of stacked cards.
  • Second recesses are arranged around the first recesses in such a way that the second recesses of adjacent cards partially overlap, channels being formed which extend perpendicularly to and surround the continuous channels.
  • the large flow resistance in the channels, which are formed by the second recesses, is disadvantageous.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • a card made of ceramic material which is characterized in that the card has three rows of holes which run parallel to one another and are arranged symmetrically and symmetrically, three recesses of different lengths are arranged between the rows of holes which intersect the edge of the card, the longest and one of the the two shorter ones lead into the same card edge and the shortest is opposite to the second longest and the webs remaining between the recesses or the recess and the card edge have a length of 25% ⁇ 0 to 6% with respect to the length of the card determined by the direction of the holes.
  • the webs remaining between the holes in a row of holes and a row of holes and the recesses can be 1 to 10 mm wide, the recesses 1 to 50 mm.
  • the cards are alternately stacked by turning around the axis of symmetry defined by the middle row of holes and the perpendicular thereto, the holes being continuous with stacked cards
  • Form channels and the recesses form flat channels which extend substantially transversely to the continuous channels.
  • the holes can have any geometric shape, e.g. circular, oval, triangular to polygonal.
  • the advantages of the invention can be seen essentially in the fact that by varying the web length between the card edge and the longest recess or the second longest and shortest recess by up to ⁇ 6%, the media exchange between adjacent flat channels can be variably designed or prevented. In addition, the flow resistance is reduced because the flat channels form continuous slots.
  • the permeable structure can be built from a map pattern.
  • Structures for several media flowing in parallel can also be built up by designing the end foils. By deviating the hole centers from the common hole row axis, structures can be built up in which the channels formed by the holes are given a step-like to helical surface.
  • the holes 2 of a row of holes are spaced 1 to 10 mm apart, i.e. the webs 8 remaining between them are 1 to 10 mm wide.
  • Recesses 3, 4, 5 of different lengths are arranged between the rows of holes.
  • the recesses are 1 to 50 mm wide and have a distance (web 9) of 1 to 10 mm to the rows of holes. All recesses start at the edge of the card, ie they cut it. The longest recess 3 and the second longest recess 4 intersect the same card edge 10. The shortest recess 5 is arranged opposite the second longest and intersects the card edge 11. The length of the webs remaining between the recesses 4 and 5 and between the recess 3 and the card edge 6.6a is 25% ⁇ 0 to ⁇ 6% of the card length in the direction of the rows of holes. According to FIG. 1, the length of the webs 6.6a is 25%, according to FIG. 2 approx. 20% of the card length.
  • the recesses of adjacent cards overlap, so that continuous channels are created perpendicular to the flat channels, via which the individual flat channels are connected to one another. This causes a better swirling and mixing of the respective material flow.
  • Green cards made of ceramic material cannot be made in any thickness. By laminating individual cards together, plates and blocks can be produced which then each have a multiple of the card thickness. Subsequent firing turns the laminated block into a homogeneous ceramic component. In addition to ceramic material, metal sheets or plastic films can also be used for the punched cards.
  • the surface ratio of perforated channels to flat channels can be influenced by these design variants.
  • the area and channel cross-section on the hole side always remain constant.
  • the area and channel cross-section of the flat channels can, however, be varied by arranging several cards in the same position.
  • the total cross-section flowed through always remains the same on the side of the flat channels.
  • the stacking of single cards gives the largest area ratio.
  • a stacking of, for example, five cards 1 in the same position reduces the area of the connecting webs 6, 6a to 1/5 and increases the individual channel cross-sections to five times with the total cross-section flowing through and the conditions on the hole side remaining the same.
  • the holes 2, in any shape and number, are arranged on the card in such a way that, when the card 1 is turned, they always coincide with the holes 2 of the card above or below (FIG. 4).
  • the stacking sequence (FIG. 3), through which the structure is permeable to the second medium, has a rhythm of four. In each case one or more cards 1 lying in the same direction are brought into positions A, B, C and D by turning and laminated to one another in this position and sequence. This means that a certain card corner - indicated by a plus sign - comes to rest on all four stacking corners one after the other.
  • card B is created by turning card A around the axis of symmetry, card C by turning card B around the perpendicular to the axis of symmetry, and card D by turning card C around the axis of symmetry (FIG. 3).
  • the stack of four cards is repeated until the desired block height is reached.
  • the block can be completed by a cover card that only contains the rows of holes.
  • the card 1 described can be combined into larger units in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. In the longitudinal direction this is done simply by lining up, in the transverse direction there is no row of holes, because the number of rows of holes must always be odd.

Abstract

In the card of ceramic material for building up permeable structures, the card (1) has three rows of holes extending parallel to one another and arranged symmetrically in relation to the axes of symmetry. Three recesses (3, 4, 5) of differing length are arranged between the rows of holes. The recesses intersect the card edge (10,11), the longest (3) and one of the two shorter (4,5) opening out at the same card edge (10) and the shortest (5) being opposite the second longest (4). The webs (6, 6a) remaining between the recesses (4,5) and between the recess (3) and the card edge (11) have a length of 25% +/- 0 to 6% in relation to the length of the card 1 determined by the direction of the rows of holes. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Karte aus keramischem Material zum Aufbau von durchlässigen Strukturen, insbesondere zum Aufbau von Kreuzstromwärmetauschern.The invention relates to a card made of ceramic material for the construction of permeable structures, in particular for the construction of cross-flow heat exchangers.

Karten der genannten Art, sowie daraus hergestellte durchlässige Strukturen sind aus der DE-A-36 43 750 bekannt. Die bekannten Karten weisen erste Ausnehmungen auf, die bei gestapelten Karten durchgehende Kanäle bilden. Um die ersten Ausnehmungen sind zweite Ausnehmungen so angeordnet, daß sich die zweiten Ausnehmungen benachbarter Karten teilweise überlappen, wobei sich Kanäle ausbilden, die sich senkrecht zu den durchgehenden Kanälen erstrecken und diese umgeben. Nachteilig ist der große Strömungswiderstand in den Kanälen, die durch die zweiten Ausnehmungen gebildet werden. Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen.Maps of the type mentioned, and permeable structures made therefrom are known from DE-A-36 43 750. The known cards have first recesses which form continuous channels in the case of stacked cards. Second recesses are arranged around the first recesses in such a way that the second recesses of adjacent cards partially overlap, channels being formed which extend perpendicularly to and surround the continuous channels. The large flow resistance in the channels, which are formed by the second recesses, is disadvantageous. The invention seeks to remedy this.

Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Karte aus keramischem Material gelöst, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Karte drei parallel zueinander verlaufende und symmetrieachsensymmetrisch angeordnete Lochreihen aufweist, zwischen den Lochreihen drei Ausnehmungen unterschiedlicher Länge angeordnet sind, die den Kartenrand schneiden, wobei die längste und eine der beiden kürzeren in den gleichen Kartenrand münden und die kürzeste der zweitlängsten gegenübersteht und die zwischen den Ausnehmungen bzw. der Ausnehmung und dem Kartenrand verbleibenden Stege eine Länge von 25 % ± 0 bis 6 % bezogen auf die durch die Lochreihenrichtung festgelegte Länge der Karte aufweisen.The object is achieved by a card made of ceramic material, which is characterized in that the card has three rows of holes which run parallel to one another and are arranged symmetrically and symmetrically, three recesses of different lengths are arranged between the rows of holes which intersect the edge of the card, the longest and one of the the two shorter ones lead into the same card edge and the shortest is opposite to the second longest and the webs remaining between the recesses or the recess and the card edge have a length of 25% ± 0 to 6% with respect to the length of the card determined by the direction of the holes.

Die zwischen den Löchern einer Lochreihe und einer Lochreihe und den Ausnehmungen verbleibenden Stege können 1 bis 10 mm breit sein, die Ausnehmungen 1 bis 50 mm.The webs remaining between the holes in a row of holes and a row of holes and the recesses can be 1 to 10 mm wide, the recesses 1 to 50 mm.

Bei durchlässigen Strukturen aus gebranntem keramischem Material, hergestellt aus gestanzten und laminierten, grünen keramischen Karten gemäß Anspruch 1, sind die Karten abwechselnd durch Wenden um die durch die mittlere Lochreihe definierte Symmetrieachse und um die senkrechte dazu übereinander gestapelt, wobei die Löcher bei gestapelten Karten durchgehende Kanäle bilden und die Ausnehmungen flache Kanäle ausbilden, die sich im wesentlichen quer zu den durchgehenden Kanälen erstrecken. Die Löcher können eine beliebige geometrische Form haben, z.B. kreisförmig, oval, drei- bis vieleckig.In permeable structures made of fired ceramic material, made from punched and laminated, green ceramic cards according to claim 1, the cards are alternately stacked by turning around the axis of symmetry defined by the middle row of holes and the perpendicular thereto, the holes being continuous with stacked cards Form channels and the recesses form flat channels which extend substantially transversely to the continuous channels. The holes can have any geometric shape, e.g. circular, oval, triangular to polygonal.

Die Vorteile der Erfindung sind im wesentlichen darin zu sehen, daß durch Variieren der Steglänge zwischen dem Kartenrand und der längsten Ausnehmung bzw. der zweitlängsten und kürzesten Ausnehmung um bis zu ± 6 % der Medienaustausch zwischen benachbarten flachen Kanälen variabel gestaltet bzw. unterbunden werden kann. Darüberhinaus vermindert sich der Strömungswiderstand, da die flachen Kanäle durchgehende Schlitze bilden. Die durchlässige Struktur läßt sich aus einem Kartenmuster aufbauen.The advantages of the invention can be seen essentially in the fact that by varying the web length between the card edge and the longest recess or the second longest and shortest recess by up to ± 6%, the media exchange between adjacent flat channels can be variably designed or prevented. In addition, the flow resistance is reduced because the flat channels form continuous slots. The permeable structure can be built from a map pattern.

Es lassen sich ferner Strukturen für mehrere parallel strömende Medien durch Gestaltung der Abschlußfolien aufbauen. Durch Abweichung der Lochmittelpunkte von der gemeinsamen Lochreihenachse können Strukturen aufgebaut werden, bei denen die durch die Löcher gebildeten Kanäle eine stufen- bis schraubenförmige Oberfläche erhalten.Structures for several media flowing in parallel can also be built up by designing the end foils. By deviating the hole centers from the common hole row axis, structures can be built up in which the channels formed by the holes are given a step-like to helical surface.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von lediglich einen Ausführungsweg darstellenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Figur 1 die erfindungsgemäße Karte in Draufsicht,
  • Figur 2 eine Alternative zu Figur 1 in Draufsicht,
  • Figur 3 die Stapelfolge der Karte gemäß Figur 2 in axonometrischer Darstellung und
  • Figur 4 vier Karten gestapelt in isometrischer Darstellung.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of drawings which illustrate only one embodiment. It shows
  • 1 shows the card according to the invention in plan view,
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative to FIG. 1 in a top view,
  • 3 shows the stacking sequence of the card according to FIG. 2 in an axonometric representation and
  • Figure 4 four cards stacked in an isometric view.

Die Karte 1 aus grünem keramischem Material weist (2N-1) mit N = 2, 3, 4, 5 parallel zueinander verlaufende und symmetrieachsensymmetrisch angeordnete Lochreihen auf. Die Löcher 2 einer Lochreihe haben einen Abstand von 1 bis 10 mm untereinander, d.h. die zwischen ihnen verbleibenden Stege 8 sind 1 bis 10 mm breit. Zwischen den Lochreihen sind Ausnehmungen 3, 4, 5 unterschiedlicher Länge angeordnet.The card 1 made of green ceramic material has (2N-1) with N = 2, 3, 4, 5 rows of holes running parallel to one another and arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of symmetry. The holes 2 of a row of holes are spaced 1 to 10 mm apart, i.e. the webs 8 remaining between them are 1 to 10 mm wide. Recesses 3, 4, 5 of different lengths are arranged between the rows of holes.

Die Ausnehmungen sind 1 bis 50 mm breit und haben einen Abstand (Steg 9) von 1 bis 10 mm zu den Lochreihen. Alle Ausnehmungen beginnen am Rand der Karte, d.h. sie schneiden ihn. Dabei schneidet die längste Ausnehmung 3 und die zweitlängste Ausnehmung 4 den gleichen Kartenrand 10. Die kürzeste Ausnehmung 5 ist der zweitlängsten gegenüber angeordnet und schneidet den Kartenrand 11. Die Länge der zwischen den Ausnehmungen 4 und 5 sowie zwischen der Ausnehmung 3 und dem Kartenrand verbleibenden Stege 6,6a beträgt 25 % ± 0 bis ± 6 % der Kartenlänge in Richtung der Lochreihen. Gemäß Figur 1 beträgt die Länge der Stege 6,6a 25 %, gemäß Figur 2 ca. 20 % der Kartenlänge. Bei verkürzten Stegen 6,6a überlappen sich die Ausnehmungen benachbarter Karten, so daß senkrecht zu den flachen Kanälen durchgehende Kanäle entstehen, über die die einzelnen flachen Kanäle untereinander verbunden sind. Dadurch wird eine bessere Verwirbelung und Vermischung des jeweiligen Stoffstromes bewirkt. Sollen größere Einheiten aus den Strukturen zusammengebaut werden, kann es von Vorteil sein, den Kartenrand im Bereich des Steges 6a mit einer Ausnehmung 12 zu versehen, deren Länge bis zu 3 % der Kartenlänge betragen kann. Sind die Stege 6,6a länger als 25 % der Kartenlänge, erhalten sie die Funktion von Leitflächen bzw. Kühlrippen.The recesses are 1 to 50 mm wide and have a distance (web 9) of 1 to 10 mm to the rows of holes. All recesses start at the edge of the card, ie they cut it. The longest recess 3 and the second longest recess 4 intersect the same card edge 10. The shortest recess 5 is arranged opposite the second longest and intersects the card edge 11. The length of the webs remaining between the recesses 4 and 5 and between the recess 3 and the card edge 6.6a is 25% ± 0 to ± 6% of the card length in the direction of the rows of holes. According to FIG. 1, the length of the webs 6.6a is 25%, according to FIG. 2 approx. 20% of the card length. In the case of shortened webs 6, 6a, the recesses of adjacent cards overlap, so that continuous channels are created perpendicular to the flat channels, via which the individual flat channels are connected to one another. This causes a better swirling and mixing of the respective material flow. If larger units are to be assembled from the structures, it may be advantageous to provide the card edge in the region of the web 6a with a recess 12, the length of which can be up to 3% of the card length. If the bridges 6,6a are longer than 25% of the card length, they will be preserved the function of baffles or cooling fins.

Grüne Karten aus keramischem Material lassen sich nicht in beliebiger Dicke herstellen. Durch Aufeinanderlaminieren einzelner Karten können Platten und Blöcke hergestellt werden, die dann jeweils ein vielfaches der Kartendicke aufweisen. Durch anschließendes Brennen wird der laminierte Block zu einem homogenen keramischen Bauteil. Neben keramischem Material können auch metallische Bleche oder Kunststoffolien für die gestanzten Karten in Betracht kommen.Green cards made of ceramic material cannot be made in any thickness. By laminating individual cards together, plates and blocks can be produced which then each have a multiple of the card thickness. Subsequent firing turns the laminated block into a homogeneous ceramic component. In addition to ceramic material, metal sheets or plastic films can also be used for the punched cards.

Durch diese Aufbauvarianten kann das Flächenverhältnis von Lochkanälen zu flachen Kanälen beeinflußt werden. Fläche und Kanalquerschnitt auf der Lochseite bleiben dabei immer konstant. Fläche und Kanalquerschnitt der flachen Kanäle können jedoch durch die Anordnung von mehreren Karten in gleicher Lage variiert werden. Der durchströmte Gesamtquerschnitt bleibt auch auf der Seite der flachen Kanäle immer gleich. Die Stapelung von Einzelkarten ergibt das größte Flächenverhältnis. Eine Stapelung von beispielsweise jeweils fünf Karten 1 in gleicher Lage reduziert die Fläche der Verbindungsstege 6, 6a auf 1/5 und vergrößert die einzelnen Kanalquerschnitte auf das fünffache bei gleichbleibendem durchströmten Gesamtquerschnitt und gleichbleibenden Verhältnissen auf der Lochseite. Das heißt, bei Wärmetauschern mit gleichen Außenabmessungen kann das Flächenverhältnis auf einfache Weise variiert und somit den Erfordernissen angepaßt werden. Die Löcher 2, in belieber Form und Anzahl sind derart auf der Karte angeordnet, daß sie bei gewendeter Karte 1 immer mit den Löchern 2 der darüber bzw. darunter liegenden Karte deckungsgleich übereinstimmen (Figur 4). Die Stapelfolge (Figur 3), durch die eine Durchlässigkeit der Struktur für das zweite Medium erreicht wird, hat einen Viererrhythmus. Jeweils eine oder mehrere gleichliegende Karten 1 werden durch Wenden in die Lagen A, B, C und D gebracht und in dieser Lage und Reihenfolge aufeinander laminiert. Das heißt, eine bestimmte Kartenecke - durch Pluszeichen angedeutet - kommt nacheinander an alle vier Stapelecken zu liegen. So entsteht Karte B durch Wenden von Karte A um die Symmetrieachse, Karte C durch Wenden von Karte B um die Senkrechte zur Symmetrieachse und Karte D durch Wenden von Karte C um die Symmetrieachse (Figur 3). Die Stapel aus vier Karten werden solange wiederholt, bis die gewünschte Blockhöhe erreicht ist. Der Block kann durch jeweils eine Deckkarte abgeschlossen werden, die lediglich die Lochreihen enthält.The surface ratio of perforated channels to flat channels can be influenced by these design variants. The area and channel cross-section on the hole side always remain constant. The area and channel cross-section of the flat channels can, however, be varied by arranging several cards in the same position. The total cross-section flowed through always remains the same on the side of the flat channels. The stacking of single cards gives the largest area ratio. A stacking of, for example, five cards 1 in the same position reduces the area of the connecting webs 6, 6a to 1/5 and increases the individual channel cross-sections to five times with the total cross-section flowing through and the conditions on the hole side remaining the same. This means that in the case of heat exchangers with the same external dimensions, the area ratio can be varied in a simple manner and thus adapted to the requirements. The holes 2, in any shape and number, are arranged on the card in such a way that, when the card 1 is turned, they always coincide with the holes 2 of the card above or below (FIG. 4). The stacking sequence (FIG. 3), through which the structure is permeable to the second medium, has a rhythm of four. In each case one or more cards 1 lying in the same direction are brought into positions A, B, C and D by turning and laminated to one another in this position and sequence. This means that a certain card corner - indicated by a plus sign - comes to rest on all four stacking corners one after the other. Thus, card B is created by turning card A around the axis of symmetry, card C by turning card B around the perpendicular to the axis of symmetry, and card D by turning card C around the axis of symmetry (FIG. 3). The stack of four cards is repeated until the desired block height is reached. The block can be completed by a cover card that only contains the rows of holes.

Die beschriebene Karte 1 kann sowohl in Längs- als auch in Querrichtung zu größeren Einheiten zusammengefaßt werden. In Längsrichtung geschieht dies einfach durch aneinanderreihen, in Querrichtung entfällt jeweils eine Lochreihe, denn die Anzahl der Lochreihen muß immer ungerade sein.The card 1 described can be combined into larger units in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. In the longitudinal direction this is done simply by lining up, in the transverse direction there is no row of holes, because the number of rows of holes must always be odd.

Claims (3)

1. Karte aus keramischem Material zum Aufbau von durchlässigen Strukturen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Karte (1) drei parallel zueinander verlaufende und symmetrieachsensymmetrisch angeordnete Lochreihen aufweist, zwischen den Lochreihen drei Ausnehmungen (3, 4, 5) unterschiedlicher Länge angeordnet sind, die den Kartenrand (10, 11) schneiden, wobei die längste (3) und eine der beiden kürzeren (4, 5) in den gleichen Kartenrand (10) münden und die kürzeste (5) der zweitlängsten (4) gegenübersteht und die zwischen den Ausnehmungen (4, 5) bzw. der Ausnehmung (3) und dem Kartenrand (11) verbleibenden Stege (6, 6a) eine Länge von 25 % ± 0 bis 6 % bezogen auf die durch die Lochreihenrichtung festgelegte Länge der Karte (1) aufweisen.1. Card made of ceramic material for the construction of permeable structures, characterized in that the card (1) has three mutually parallel and symmetrically axisymmetrically arranged rows of holes, between the rows of holes three recesses (3, 4, 5) of different lengths are arranged, which Cut the card edge (10, 11), the longest (3) and one of the two shorter (4, 5) opening into the same card edge (10) and the shortest (5) facing the second longest (4) and which between the recesses ( 4, 5) or the recess (3) and the card edge (11) remaining webs (6, 6a) have a length of 25% ± 0 to 6% based on the length of the card (1) determined by the row of holes. 2. Karte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zwischen den Löchern (2) eine Lochreihe und den Lochreihen und den Ausnehmungen (3, 4, 5) verbleibenden Stege (8, 9) 1 bis 10 mm breit sind und die Breite der Ausnehmungen (3, 4, 5) 1 bis 50 mm beträgt.2. Card according to claim 1, characterized in that between the holes (2) a row of holes and the rows of holes and the recesses (3, 4, 5) remaining webs (8, 9) are 1 to 10 mm wide and the width of the Recesses (3, 4, 5) is 1 to 50 mm. 3. Durchlässige Struktur aus gebranntem keramischem Material, hergestellt aus gestanzten und laminierten, grünen keramischen Karten gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Karten (1) abwechselnd durch Wenden um die durch die mittlere Lochreihe definierte Symmetrieachse und um die Senkrechte dazu übereinander gestapelt sind, wobei die Löcher (2) bei gestapelten Karten durchgehende Kanäle bilden und die Ausnehmungen (3, 4, 5) flache Kanäle ausbilden, die sich im wesentliche quer zu den durchgehenden Kanälen erstrecken.3. Permeable structure made of fired ceramic material, made from punched and laminated, green ceramic cards according to claim 1, characterized in that the cards (1) are stacked alternately by turning around the axis of symmetry defined by the middle row of holes and the perpendicular thereto , wherein the holes (2) form continuous channels in stacked cards and the recesses (3, 4, 5) form flat channels which extend essentially transversely to the continuous channels.
EP91111529A 1990-07-17 1991-07-11 Card for building up a permeable structure Expired - Lifetime EP0467217B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4022654 1990-07-17
DE4022654A DE4022654A1 (en) 1990-07-17 1990-07-17 CARD OF CERAMIC MATERIAL FOR BUILDING PERMANENT STRUCTURES

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0467217A1 true EP0467217A1 (en) 1992-01-22
EP0467217B1 EP0467217B1 (en) 1994-03-09

Family

ID=6410416

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91111529A Expired - Lifetime EP0467217B1 (en) 1990-07-17 1991-07-11 Card for building up a permeable structure

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US5212004A (en)
EP (1) EP0467217B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04227482A (en)
AT (1) ATE102702T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2047118A1 (en)
DE (2) DE4022654A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0467217T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2051056T3 (en)
FI (1) FI913412A (en)
IE (1) IE912479A1 (en)
NO (1) NO174072C (en)
PT (1) PT98338A (en)

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US6167952B1 (en) 1998-03-03 2001-01-02 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Cooling apparatus and method of assembling same
WO2013043263A1 (en) * 2011-09-06 2013-03-28 Vacuum Process Engineering, Inc. Heat exchanger produced from laminar elements

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DE4238191C2 (en) * 1992-11-12 1994-09-08 Hoechst Ceram Tec Ag Permeable structures
DE4238192C2 (en) * 1992-11-12 1994-09-29 Hoechst Ceram Tec Ag Permeable structure
DE4238190C2 (en) * 1992-11-12 1994-09-08 Hoechst Ceram Tec Ag Ceramic module
EP0651222A3 (en) * 1993-11-03 1995-10-25 Hoechst Ceram Tec Ag Heat exchange process.
DE19528116B4 (en) * 1995-08-01 2007-02-15 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat exchanger with plate sandwich structure
US5911273A (en) * 1995-08-01 1999-06-15 Behr Gmbh & Co. Heat transfer device of a stacked plate construction
ES2173329T3 (en) * 1995-12-01 2002-10-16 Chart Heat Exchangers Ltd HEAT EXCHANGER
CA2292566A1 (en) * 1997-06-03 1998-12-10 Chart Marston Limited Heat exchanger and/or fluid mixing means
US6386278B1 (en) * 1998-08-04 2002-05-14 Jurgen Schulz-Harder Cooler
CA2366611A1 (en) 1999-03-27 2000-10-05 Keith Thomas Symonds Heat exchanger
KR20020086920A (en) * 2000-03-10 2002-11-20 샛콘 테크놀로지 코포레이션 High performance cold plate for electronic cooling
US6994829B2 (en) * 2001-06-06 2006-02-07 Battelle Memorial Institute Fluid processing device and method
US7883670B2 (en) * 2002-02-14 2011-02-08 Battelle Memorial Institute Methods of making devices by stacking sheets and processes of conducting unit operations using such devices
US7862633B2 (en) * 2007-04-13 2011-01-04 Battelle Memorial Institute Method and system for introducing fuel oil into a steam reformer with reduced carbon deposition
TWM469450U (en) * 2013-01-21 2014-01-01 Huang-Han Chen Condensing rack
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EP0274695A1 (en) * 1986-12-20 1988-07-20 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Heat exchange module made of burned ceramic material

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6167952B1 (en) 1998-03-03 2001-01-02 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Cooling apparatus and method of assembling same
WO2013043263A1 (en) * 2011-09-06 2013-03-28 Vacuum Process Engineering, Inc. Heat exchanger produced from laminar elements

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT98338A (en) 1993-09-30
FI913412A (en) 1992-01-18
IE912479A1 (en) 1992-01-29
EP0467217B1 (en) 1994-03-09
NO174072C (en) 1994-03-09
US5212004A (en) 1993-05-18
DK0467217T3 (en) 1994-06-27
NO912790L (en) 1992-01-20
ES2051056T3 (en) 1994-06-01
NO174072B (en) 1993-11-29
JPH04227482A (en) 1992-08-17
CA2047118A1 (en) 1992-01-18
NO912790D0 (en) 1991-07-16
FI913412A0 (en) 1991-07-15
ATE102702T1 (en) 1994-03-15
DE4022654A1 (en) 1992-01-23
DE59101143D1 (en) 1994-04-14

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