EP0466718B1 - Fluid-actuated device - Google Patents

Fluid-actuated device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0466718B1
EP0466718B1 EP90904773A EP90904773A EP0466718B1 EP 0466718 B1 EP0466718 B1 EP 0466718B1 EP 90904773 A EP90904773 A EP 90904773A EP 90904773 A EP90904773 A EP 90904773A EP 0466718 B1 EP0466718 B1 EP 0466718B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pull rod
annular piston
piston
locking elements
face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP90904773A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0466718A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus-Dieter Klement
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CyTec Zylindertechnik GmbH
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CyTec Zylindertechnik GmbH
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Publication of EP0466718A1 publication Critical patent/EP0466718A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/26—Locking mechanisms
    • F15B15/261—Locking mechanisms using positive interengagement, e.g. balls and grooves, for locking in the end positions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressure medium operated device.
  • the known device comprises a cylinder housing with a cylinder bottom.
  • a pull rod projects into the cylinder housing with one end, which is formed on the circumference with an annular channel.
  • This end is encompassed within the cylinder housing by an annular piston, against whose inner surface there are locking elements which, when the annular piston is moved in the direction of the pull rod by means of a flow medium, are guided inwards into the annular channel of the pull rod and hold the pull rod there.
  • This movement of the locking elements is supported by corresponding inclined surfaces on the ring piston and on the ring channel of the pull rod. In the locked position of the pull rod, no further movement of the pull rod is possible.
  • DE-A-2911 071 describes a locking device for piston rods of fluid-actuated cylinders in the end position, in which the piston rod can be inserted into a locking device.
  • the end of this The insertable piston rod is provided with an annular groove, in which locking elements engage in the locked state.
  • the locking elements are prevented from moving radially outwards in the locked state by a slide.
  • An axially acting support means for the locking elements ensures that the piston rod cannot be pulled out.
  • the locking device described is therefore a pure end position locking for a piston rod. Only when the slide in its unlocked position allows the locking elements to move radially again can the piston rod be pulled out.
  • the invention is based on the object of proposing a pressure-operated device with which it is possible to move a piston rod over a small distance even in the locking position.
  • this locking position can be changed further axially, namely by actuating the support means of a further (ring-shaped) piston between the pull rod and the cylinder housing.
  • the piston is axially displaceable in the direction of the cylinder base by means of a pressure medium.
  • a relative movement in the radial direction or with a radial component between the locking elements and the pull rod used does not take place, since in the locking position the locking elements bear against the outside against an annular piston which blocks a radial outward movement of the locking elements.
  • the axial movement is ensured in that the annular piston remains movable against the action of the pressure medium acting on it and is carried under surface pressure by the locking elements which themselves - as shown - are pressurized via the support means of the further piston.
  • the pull-in force of the pull rod is dependent on the pressure acting on the piston, which can be set as desired.
  • a major advantage of this design is that a short displacement path can be set precisely under the influence of a high force exerted by the pressure medium.
  • the pressure on the piston with its support means can be hydraulic or pneumatic. But it is also possible to use a toggle lever mechanism to move towards the cylinder bottom or against the locking elements and the annular piston.
  • the pull-in speed of the drawbar is almost independent of the load and only a function of the pressure set in each case.
  • the device according to the invention is designed in a structural unit with a pressure-actuated piston-cylinder unit arranged coaxially therewith, in which the piston has a piston rod on both sides, one of which exits to the outside and the other coaxially into the cylinder housing insertable pull rod, which is formed with an inclined surface extending outwards towards the free end, which forms a contact surface for receiving the radially movable locking elements.
  • a finished actuation system is made available, with which, if necessary, long strokes with greater speed and smaller forces can be mastered by the pressure-operated (e.g. compressed gas-operated) piston-cylinder unit, while in a certain end position the second piston rod (pull rod) is locked with the other components mentioned above and then is moved to the end position with a freely adjustable large force and precisely adjustable speed.
  • the pressure medium connection which is provided on the side of the piston of the piston-cylinder unit which carries the second piston rod (tie rod), is simultaneously connected to the rest of the pressure medium-operated device such that the pressure medium e.g. pressurized gas is directed to the front of the piston and pushes it into the unlocked position as soon as the piston-cylinder unit is pressurized accordingly.
  • the pressure medium e.g. pressurized gas
  • the piston-cylinder unit is shown with reference number 10.
  • a cylinder housing 12 with a cylinder base 14 at the left end can be seen.
  • a piston rod 16 projects into the right open end a tie rod 18 is attached.
  • the piston rod 16 is thus a component of the pull rod 18.
  • the piston rod 16 or pull rod 18 is guided via cylindrical elements 20, 22. Damping rings 24, 26 are arranged between the elements 20, 22 and the piston rod 16 or pull rod 18, which ensure that that the piston speed is automatically throttled in the vicinity of the end position and a hard impact of the piston is avoided.
  • a further piston (annular piston) 28 is arranged in the cylinder housing 12 in front of the element 22 coaxially with the pull rod 18.
  • the end of the piston 28 directed towards the cylinder base 14 is tubular.
  • the piston 28 is sealed on the outside in a conventional manner by means of seals which are not specified, but is arranged displaceably in the cylinder housing 12.
  • the front end faces of the tubular section are identified by 28a.
  • a mandrel 30 runs concentrically to the central longitudinal axis M in the left end section of the cylinder housing 12 and is against the cylinder base 14 under the preload of a spring 32.
  • the mandrel 30 - if there is no counterforce - is pressed to the right (in the direction of the pull rod 18) until it abuts a stop 36 with an inner collar 34.
  • the stop 36 is formed here by the head of a screw fastened in the cylinder base 14.
  • An annular piston 38 is arranged between the mandrel 30 and the cylinder housing 12 and can slide on the mandrel 30 and is sealed both against the cylinder housing 12 and against the cylinder surface of the mandrel 30.
  • the annular piston 38 is under the action of a compression spring 40, which is supported on the cylinder base 14.
  • the inner diameter of the annular piston 38 widens over an inclined surface 38a, an inner cylindrical surface 38b and an adjoining further inclined surface 38c, which has a truncated cone shape.
  • a number of locking elements 42 are supported by the cylindrical outer surface of the mandrel 30.
  • the locking elements 42 are designed as circular ring segments and bear with an outer inclined surface 42c on the inclined surface 38c of the annular piston 38.
  • the pull rod 18 is formed at its left end in the figure with an enlarged collar 46, and the pull rod 18 widens over an inclined surface 18a to the collar 46.
  • the front end face 18b of the pull rod 18 bears against the corresponding end face of the mandrel 30.
  • a compressed gas connection 48 is provided, via which the piston 16 'of the piston rod 16 can be pressurized with compressed gas.
  • Another compressed gas connection 50 is provided in the area of the element 22, it being possible for the piston rod 16 to be moved back in the opposite direction (in the figure: to the right) by means of the pressurized gas supplied here.
  • the pressurized gas can also flow through the space 52 between the pull rod 18 and the piston 28 and a sufficiently dimensionable gap between the circumferential surface of the collar 46 and the inner cylindrical surface of the piston 28 and the free spaces between the Locking elements 42 enter the free space 44 and thus act on the annular piston 38 so that it is driven back into the position shown in FIG. 1 against the action of the springs 40.
  • the further pressure medium connection 54 with which the front end face of the annular piston 28 can be acted upon, is of particular importance.
  • the pressure medium can be oil or gas; however, it is also possible to arrange a toggle lever mechanism at this point, by means of which the annular piston 28 is mechanically driven in the direction of the cylinder base 14.
  • the pressure medium acts against the action of springs 56, which hold the annular piston 28 under constant preload.
  • springs 56 instead of the springs 56, other pressure media, such as a fluid, could also be used.
  • FIG. 2 shows the device according to FIG. 1 after the compressed gas connection 48 has been actuated.
  • the piston rod 16 and with it the pull rod 18 have hereby been pressed in the direction of the cylinder base 14, to the extent that the locking elements 42 slide behind the collar 46 under the radial pressure of the annular piston 38 could.
  • the annular piston 38 has moved to the right under the action of the springs 40 and now engages around the locking elements 42 on its outer surface, which bear against the cylinder surface 38b. Movement of the locking elements 42 to the outside is no longer possible.
  • the power stroke can now take place with precisely controlled speed, force and defined length.
  • a film cutting knife attached to the free end of the piston rod 16 could be moved from the position shown in FIG. 1 to the position shown in FIG. 2 by the movement of the piston rod 16 in the starting position for the cut.
  • a cut must now be made at a controlled speed and with an exact stroke of a few tenths of a millimeter to a maximum of a few millimeters; this is done in that the pressure medium connection 54 (here: with pressure oil) is applied.
  • the piston 28 is pressed against the resistance of the springs 56 to the left in the direction of the cylinder bottom 14.
  • the speed at which the piston 28 moves depends on the amount of oil supplied and the oil pressure. Both can be regulated very precisely. Load fluctuations on the piston 28 which occur as reaction forces are only manifested in pressure fluctuations of the hydraulic medium supplied. Speed fluctuations of undesirable size do not occur.
  • This position can be maintained via a corresponding maintenance of the pressure via the pressure medium connection 54 until another position is desired.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)

Abstract

A fluid-actuated device comprises a cylinder housing (12) with cylinder base (14). A connecting rod (18) which can be stopped by locking elements (42) penetrates said housing. The connecting rod (18) can, however, be moved further as desired by means of a fluid-actuated guide piston (28).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine druckmittelbetätigte Einrichtung.The invention relates to a pressure medium operated device.

Eine solche Einrichtung beschreibt die EP-A-0219 594. Diese hat sich für zahlreiche Anwendungen in der Praxis bewährt.Such a device is described in EP-A-0219 594. This has proven itself in practice for numerous applications.

Die bekannte Einrichtung umfaßt ein Zylindergehäuse mit einem Zylinderboden. In das Zylindergehäuse ragt eine Zugstange mit ihrem einen Ende, das umfangsseitig mit einem Ringkanal ausgebildet ist. Dieses Ende wird innerhalb des Zylindergehäuses von einem Ringkolben umgriffen, gegen dessen Innenfläche Verriegelungselemente anliegen, die bei einer mit Hilfe eines Strömungsmediums verursachten Bewegung des Ringkolbens in Richtung auf die Zugstange nach innen in den Ringkanal der Zugstange geführt werden und die Zugstange dort festhalten. Diese Bewegung der Verriegelungselemente wird über entsprechende Schrägflächen am Ringkolben und am Ringkanal der Zugstange unterstützt. In der Verriegelungsstellung der Zugstange ist keine weitere Bewegung der Zugstange mehr möglich.The known device comprises a cylinder housing with a cylinder bottom. A pull rod projects into the cylinder housing with one end, which is formed on the circumference with an annular channel. This end is encompassed within the cylinder housing by an annular piston, against whose inner surface there are locking elements which, when the annular piston is moved in the direction of the pull rod by means of a flow medium, are guided inwards into the annular channel of the pull rod and hold the pull rod there. This movement of the locking elements is supported by corresponding inclined surfaces on the ring piston and on the ring channel of the pull rod. In the locked position of the pull rod, no further movement of the pull rod is possible.

In der DE-A-2911 071 ist eine Verriegelungseinrichtung für Kolbenstangen von fluidbetätigten Zylindern in der Endstellung beschrieben, bei der die Kolbenstange in eine Verriegelungseinrichtung einführbar ist. Das Ende dieser einführbaren Kolbenstange ist mit einer Ringnut versehen, in die im Verriegelungszustand Verriegelungselemente eingreifen. Die Verriegelungselemente werden im Verriegelungszustand durch einen Schieber daran gehindert, sich radial nach außen zu bewegen. Ein axial wirkendes Abstützmittel für die Verriegelungselemente sorgt dafür, daß die Kolbenstange nicht herausgezogen werden kann.DE-A-2911 071 describes a locking device for piston rods of fluid-actuated cylinders in the end position, in which the piston rod can be inserted into a locking device. The end of this The insertable piston rod is provided with an annular groove, in which locking elements engage in the locked state. The locking elements are prevented from moving radially outwards in the locked state by a slide. An axially acting support means for the locking elements ensures that the piston rod cannot be pulled out.

Die beschriebene Verriegelungseinrichtung ist also eine reine Endlagenverriegelung für eine Kolbenstange. Erst wenn der Schieber in seiner Entriegelungsstellung eine radiale Bewegung der Verriegelungselemente wieder zuläßt, kann die Kolbenstange herausgezogen werden.The locking device described is therefore a pure end position locking for a piston rod. Only when the slide in its unlocked position allows the locking elements to move radially again can the piston rod be pulled out.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine druckmittelbetätigte Einrichtung vorzuschlagen, mit der es möglich ist, eine Kolbenstange auch in der Verriegelungsstellung über eine kleine Strecke zu bewegen.The invention is based on the object of proposing a pressure-operated device with which it is possible to move a piston rod over a small distance even in the locking position.

Die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung ist durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 1 beschrieben. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche.The device according to the invention is described by the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments result from the features of the subclaims.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung ist es möglich, die axial zu bewegende Kolbenstange (Zugstange) zunächst so weit in das Zylindergehäuse zu bewegen, bis die Verriegelungselemente radial nach innen bis in die Verriegelungsstellung gefahren sind.With the device according to the invention it is possible to first move the piston rod (pull rod) to be moved axially into the cylinder housing until the locking elements have been moved radially inwards into the locking position.

Diese Verriegelungsstellung kann erfindungsgemäß jedoch weiter axial verändert werden,und zwar durch Betätitung der Abstützmittel eines weiteren (ringförmigen) Kolbens zwischen der Zugstange und dem Zylindergehäuse. Zu diesem Zweck ist der Kolben über ein Druckmittel in Richtung auf den Zylinderboden axial verschiebbar. Eine Relativbewegung in radialer Richtung oder mit einer radialen Komponente zwischen den Verriegelungselementen und der eingesetzten Zugstange erfolgt nicht, da die Verriegelungselemente in der Verriegelungsstellung außenseitig gegen einen Ringkolben anliegen, der eine radiale Auswärtsbewegung der Verriegelungselemente blockiert. Trotzdem wird die Axialbewegung dadurch gesichert, daß der Ringkolben gegen die Wirkung des ihn beaufschlagenden Druckmittels bewegbar bleibt und unter Flächenpressung von den Verriegelungselementen mitgeführt wird, die selbst - wie dargestellt - über die Abstützmittel des weiteren Kolbens druckbeaufschlagt werden.According to the invention, however, this locking position can be changed further axially, namely by actuating the support means of a further (ring-shaped) piston between the pull rod and the cylinder housing. For this purpose, the piston is axially displaceable in the direction of the cylinder base by means of a pressure medium. A relative movement in the radial direction or with a radial component between the locking elements and the pull rod used does not take place, since in the locking position the locking elements bear against the outside against an annular piston which blocks a radial outward movement of the locking elements. Nevertheless, the axial movement is ensured in that the annular piston remains movable against the action of the pressure medium acting on it and is carried under surface pressure by the locking elements which themselves - as shown - are pressurized via the support means of the further piston.

Die Einzugskraft der Zugstange ist dabei abhängig von dem auf den Kolben wirkenden Druck, der beliebig einstellbar ist.The pull-in force of the pull rod is dependent on the pressure acting on the piston, which can be set as desired.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil dieser konstruktiven Gestaltung liegt darin, daß unter dem Einfluß einer vom Druckmittel aufgebrachten hohen Kraft ein kurzer Verschiebeweg exakt einstellbar ist.A major advantage of this design is that a short displacement path can be set precisely under the influence of a high force exerted by the pressure medium.

Der Druck auf den Kolben mit seinen Abstützmitteln kann hydraulisch oder pneumatisch erfolgen. Ebenso ist es aber auch möglich, den Kolben über einen Kniehebelmechanismus in Richtung auf den Zylinderboden beziehungsweise gegen die Verriegelungselemente und den Ringkolben zu bewegen.The pressure on the piston with its support means can be hydraulic or pneumatic. But it is also possible to use a toggle lever mechanism to move towards the cylinder bottom or against the locking elements and the annular piston.

In jedem Fall ist die Einzugsgeschwindigkeit der Zugstange nahezu lastunabhängig und ausschließlich eine Funktion des jeweils eingestellten Drucks.In any case, the pull-in speed of the drawbar is almost independent of the load and only a function of the pressure set in each case.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung wird es möglich, kleinste Hubbewegungen präzise auszuführen. Dies ist in zahlreichen Anwendungsfällen von Bedeutung. Beispielhaft kann die Bewegung eines Messers genannt werden, das mit eingestellter Geschwindigkeit eine Folie durchtrennen soll, ohne daß die Schneidkante des Messers auf die Gegenfläche aufschlägt und ohne Beschleunigung des Messers gegen Ende des Trennvorgangs.With the device according to the invention, it is possible to carry out the smallest lifting movements precisely. This is important in numerous applications. The movement of a knife, which is to cut through a film at the set speed, without the cutting edge of the knife striking the counter surface and without acceleration of the knife towards the end of the separating process, can be mentioned as an example.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung in Baueinheit mit einer koaxial dazu angeordneten, druckmittelbetätigten Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit gestaltet ist, bei der der Kolben beidseitig eine Kolbenstange aufweist, von denen die eine nach außen austritt und die andere die koaxial in das Zylindergehäuse einführbare Zugstange bildet, die mit einer zum freien Ende hin nach außen verlaufenden Schrägfläche ausgebildet ist, die eine Anlagefläche zur Aufnahme der radial beweglichen Verriegelungselemente bildet. Mit dieser Baueinheit wird ein fertiges Betätigungssystem zur Verfügung gestellt, mit dem bei Bedarf lange Hubwege mit größerer Geschwindigkeit und kleineren Kräften von der druckmittelbetätigten (zum Beispiel druckgasbetätigten) Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit bewältigt werden, während in einer bestimmten Endlage die zweite Kolbenstange (Zugstange) mit den übrigen, vorstehend genannten Bauteilen verriegelt wird und anschließend mit einer beliebig einstellbaren großen Kraft und genau einstellbarer Geschwindigkeit bis in die Endlage weiterbewegt wird.It is particularly advantageous if the device according to the invention is designed in a structural unit with a pressure-actuated piston-cylinder unit arranged coaxially therewith, in which the piston has a piston rod on both sides, one of which exits to the outside and the other coaxially into the cylinder housing insertable pull rod, which is formed with an inclined surface extending outwards towards the free end, which forms a contact surface for receiving the radially movable locking elements. With this unit, a finished actuation system is made available, with which, if necessary, long strokes with greater speed and smaller forces can be mastered by the pressure-operated (e.g. compressed gas-operated) piston-cylinder unit, while in a certain end position the second piston rod (pull rod) is locked with the other components mentioned above and then is moved to the end position with a freely adjustable large force and precisely adjustable speed.

Bei einer solchen Kombination ist es weiter vorteilhaft, daß der Druckmittelanschluß, der auf der Seite des Kolbens der Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit vorgesehen ist, die die zweite Kolbenstange (Zugstange) trägt, gleichzeitig mit der übrigen druckmittelbetätigten Einrichtung derart verbunden ist, daß das Druckmittel z.B. under Druck stehendes Gas auf die Stirnseite des Kolbens geleitet wird und diesen in die Entriegelungsstellung schiebt, sobald die Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit in entsprechendem Sinne mit Druckmittel beaufschlagt wird.With such a combination, it is further advantageous that the pressure medium connection, which is provided on the side of the piston of the piston-cylinder unit which carries the second piston rod (tie rod), is simultaneously connected to the rest of the pressure medium-operated device such that the pressure medium e.g. pressurized gas is directed to the front of the piston and pushes it into the unlocked position as soon as the piston-cylinder unit is pressurized accordingly.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen in schematisierter Darstellung

  • Figur 1: einen Längsschnitt durch die Einrichtung in Baueinheit mit einer Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit vor Einleitung des Krafthubes
  • Figur 2: einen Längsschnitt wie in Figur 1 zu Beginn des Krafthubes
  • Figur 3: einen Längsschnitt wie in Figur 1 am Ende des Krafthubes.
The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. Show in a schematic representation
  • Figure 1: a longitudinal section through the device in a structural unit with a piston-cylinder unit before initiation of the power stroke
  • Figure 2: a longitudinal section as in Figure 1 at the beginning of the power stroke
  • Figure 3: a longitudinal section as in Figure 1 at the end of the power stroke.

In den Figuren ist die Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit mit dem Bezugszeichen 10 dargestellt. Zu erkennen ist ein Zylindergehäuse 12 mit einem Zylinderboden 14 am linken Ende. In das rechte offene Ende ragt eine Kolbenstange 16, auf der eine Zugstange 18 befestigt ist. Die Kolbenstange 16 ist somit Bestandteil des Zugstange 18. Eine Führung der Kolbenstange 16 beziehungsweise Zugstange 18 erfolgt über zylinderförmige Elemente 20, 22. Zwischen den Elementen 20, 22 und der Kolbenstange 16 beziehungsweise Zugstange 18 sind Dämpfungsringe 24, 26 angeordnet, die dafür sorgen, daß in der Nähe der Endlage die Kolbengeschwindigkeit automatisch gedrosselt und ein hartes Anschlagen des Kolbens vermieden wird.In the figures, the piston-cylinder unit is shown with reference number 10. A cylinder housing 12 with a cylinder base 14 at the left end can be seen. A piston rod 16 projects into the right open end a tie rod 18 is attached. The piston rod 16 is thus a component of the pull rod 18. The piston rod 16 or pull rod 18 is guided via cylindrical elements 20, 22. Damping rings 24, 26 are arranged between the elements 20, 22 and the piston rod 16 or pull rod 18, which ensure that that the piston speed is automatically throttled in the vicinity of the end position and a hard impact of the piston is avoided.

Im Zylindergehäuse 12 ist ein weiterer Kolben (ringsförmiger Kolben) 28 vor dem Element 22 koaxial zur Zugstange 18 angeordnet. Das auf den Zylinderboden 14 gerichtete Ende des Kolbens 28 ist rohrförmig ausgebildet. Der Kolben 28 ist über nicht näher bezeichnete Dichtungen außenseitig in üblicher Weise abgedichtet, jedoch verschiebbar im Zylindergehäuse 12 angeordnet. Die vorderen Stirnflächen des rohrförmigen Abschnittes sind mit 28a gekennzeichnet.A further piston (annular piston) 28 is arranged in the cylinder housing 12 in front of the element 22 coaxially with the pull rod 18. The end of the piston 28 directed towards the cylinder base 14 is tubular. The piston 28 is sealed on the outside in a conventional manner by means of seals which are not specified, but is arranged displaceably in the cylinder housing 12. The front end faces of the tubular section are identified by 28a.

Konzentrisch zur Mittenlängsachse M verläuft im linken Endabschnitt des Zylindergehäuses 12 ein Dorn 30, der gegen den Zylinderboden 14 unter der Vorlast einer Feder 32 steht. Hierdurch wird der Dorn 30 - falls keine Gegenkraft vorhanden ist - so weit nach rechts (in Richtung auf die Zugstange 18) gedrückt, bis er mit einem inneren Kragen 34 gegen einen Anschlag 36 stößt. Der Anschlag 36 wird hier vom Kopf einer im Zylinderboden 14 befestigten Schraube gebildet.A mandrel 30 runs concentrically to the central longitudinal axis M in the left end section of the cylinder housing 12 and is against the cylinder base 14 under the preload of a spring 32. As a result, the mandrel 30 - if there is no counterforce - is pressed to the right (in the direction of the pull rod 18) until it abuts a stop 36 with an inner collar 34. The stop 36 is formed here by the head of a screw fastened in the cylinder base 14.

Zwischen dem Dorn 30 und dem Zylindergehäuse 12 ist ein Ringkolben 38 angeordnet, der auf dem Dorn 30 gleiten kann und sowohl gegen das Zylindergehäuse 12 als auch gegen die Zylinderfläche des Dorns 30 abgedichtet ist.An annular piston 38 is arranged between the mandrel 30 and the cylinder housing 12 and can slide on the mandrel 30 and is sealed both against the cylinder housing 12 and against the cylinder surface of the mandrel 30.

Der Ringkolben 38 steht unter der Wirkung einer Druckfeder 40, die sich am Zylinderboden 14 abstützt.The annular piston 38 is under the action of a compression spring 40, which is supported on the cylinder base 14.

An seinem, dem Kolben 28 zugewandten Ende erweitert sich der innere Durchmesser des Ringkolbens 38 über eine Schrägfläche 38a, eine innere Zylinderfläche 38b und eine sich daran anschließende weitere Schrägfläche 38c, die eine Kegelstumpfform aufweist.At its end facing the piston 28, the inner diameter of the annular piston 38 widens over an inclined surface 38a, an inner cylindrical surface 38b and an adjoining further inclined surface 38c, which has a truncated cone shape.

In der in Figur 1 dargestellten Ausgangslage wird von der zylindrischen Außenfläche des Dorns 30 eine Anzahl von Verriegelungselementen 42 abgestützt. Die Verriegelungselemente 42 sind als Kreisringsegmente ausgebildet und liegen mit einer äußeren geneigten Fläche 42c an der Schrägfläche 38c des Ringkolbens 38 an. Auf ihrer zum offenen Ende des Zylindergehäuses 10 gerichteten Seite 42d, die plan ausgebildet ist, liegen die Verriegelungselemente 42 gegen die Stirnfläche 28a des Kolbens 28 an, die hier als Abstützmittel dient. In dieser Position verbleibt ein Freiraum 44 zwischen den Verriegelungselementen 42 und dem Zylindergehäuse 12.In the starting position shown in FIG. 1, a number of locking elements 42 are supported by the cylindrical outer surface of the mandrel 30. The locking elements 42 are designed as circular ring segments and bear with an outer inclined surface 42c on the inclined surface 38c of the annular piston 38. On its side 42d facing the open end of the cylinder housing 10, which is of flat design, the locking elements 42 bear against the end face 28a of the piston 28, which serves here as a support means. In this position, a free space 44 remains between the locking elements 42 and the cylinder housing 12.

Die Zugstange 18 ist an ihrem in der Figur linken Ende mit einem erweiterten Kragen 46 ausgebildet, und die Zugstange 18 erweitert sich über eine Schrägfläche 18a bis zum Kragen 46.The pull rod 18 is formed at its left end in the figure with an enlarged collar 46, and the pull rod 18 widens over an inclined surface 18a to the collar 46.

Die vordere Stirnfläche 18b der Zugstange 18 liegt gegen die korrespondierende Stirnfläche des Dorns 30 an.The front end face 18b of the pull rod 18 bears against the corresponding end face of the mandrel 30.

Im Bereich des Elementes 20 ist ein Druckgasanschluß 48 vorgesehen, über den der Kolben 16′ der Kolbenstange 16 mit Druckgas beaufschlagt werden kann.In the area of the element 20, a compressed gas connection 48 is provided, via which the piston 16 'of the piston rod 16 can be pressurized with compressed gas.

Ein weiterer Druckgasanschluß 50 ist im Bereich des Elementes 22 vorgesehen, wobei über hier aufgegebenes Druckgas die Kolbenstange 16 in entgegensetzte Richtung (in der Figur: nach rechts) zurückbewegt werden kann.Another compressed gas connection 50 is provided in the area of the element 22, it being possible for the piston rod 16 to be moved back in the opposite direction (in the figure: to the right) by means of the pressurized gas supplied here.

Darüber hinaus kann bei dieser Druckbeaufschlagung durch den Druckgasanschluß 50 das Druckgas auch durch den zwischen der Zugstange 18 und dem Kolben 28 vorhandenen Raum 52 und einen ausreichend zu bemessenden Spalt zwischen der Umfangsfläche des Kragens 46 und der inneren Zylinderfläche des Kolbens 28 sowie den Freiräumen zwischen den Verriegelungselementen 42 in den Freiraum 44 gelangen und damit den Ringkolben 38 beaufschlagen, so daß dieser gegen die Wirkung der Federn 40 in die in Figur 1 dargestellte Stellung zurückgetrieben wird. Von besonderer Bedeutung ist der weitere Druckmittelanschluß 54, mit dem die vordere Stirnfläche des Ringkolbens 28 beaufschlagt werden kann. Das Druckmittel kann Öl oder Gas sein; ebenso ist es aber auch möglich, an dieser Stelle einen Kniehebelmechanismus anzuordnen, über den der Ringkolben 28 mechanisch in Richtung auf den Zylinderboden 14 vorgetrieben wird.In addition, with this pressurization through the compressed gas connection 50, the pressurized gas can also flow through the space 52 between the pull rod 18 and the piston 28 and a sufficiently dimensionable gap between the circumferential surface of the collar 46 and the inner cylindrical surface of the piston 28 and the free spaces between the Locking elements 42 enter the free space 44 and thus act on the annular piston 38 so that it is driven back into the position shown in FIG. 1 against the action of the springs 40. The further pressure medium connection 54, with which the front end face of the annular piston 28 can be acted upon, is of particular importance. The pressure medium can be oil or gas; however, it is also possible to arrange a toggle lever mechanism at this point, by means of which the annular piston 28 is mechanically driven in the direction of the cylinder base 14.

Das Druckmittel wirkt dabei gegen die Wirkung von Federn 56, die den Ringkolben 28 unter ständiger Vorlast halten. Anstelle der Federn 56 könnten auch andere Druckmittel, wie ein Fluid, eingesetzt werden.The pressure medium acts against the action of springs 56, which hold the annular piston 28 under constant preload. Instead of the springs 56, other pressure media, such as a fluid, could also be used.

Figur 2 zeigt die Einrichtung nach Figur 1, nachdem der Druckgasanschluß 48 betätigt wurde. Die Kolbenstange 16 und mit ihr die Zugstange 18 sind hierdurch in Richtung auf den Zylinderboden 14 gedrückt worden, und zwar so weit, daß die Verriegelungselemente 42 unter dem radialen Druck des Ringkolbens 38 hinter den Kragen 46 gleiten konnten. Gleichzeitig hat sich der Ringkolben 38 unter der Wirkung der Federn 40 nach rechts bewegt und umgreift nunmehr die Verriegelungselemente 42 auf ihrer Außenfläche, die gegen die Zylinderfläche 38b anliegen. Eine Bewegung der Verriegelungselemente 42 nach außen ist nicht mehr möglich.FIG. 2 shows the device according to FIG. 1 after the compressed gas connection 48 has been actuated. The piston rod 16 and with it the pull rod 18 have hereby been pressed in the direction of the cylinder base 14, to the extent that the locking elements 42 slide behind the collar 46 under the radial pressure of the annular piston 38 could. At the same time, the annular piston 38 has moved to the right under the action of the springs 40 and now engages around the locking elements 42 on its outer surface, which bear against the cylinder surface 38b. Movement of the locking elements 42 to the outside is no longer possible.

Aus dieser Stellung heraus kann nun der Krafthub mit genau kontrollierter Geschwindigkeit,Kraft und definierter Länge erfolgen. Es könnte also zum Beispiel ein am freien Ende der Kolbenstange 16 befestigtes Folienschneidmesser durch die Bewegung der Kolbenstange 16 aus der Lage nach Figur 1 in die Lage nach Figur 2 in Ausgangsposition für den Schnitt gebracht werden. Muß nun ein Schnitt mit kontrollierter Geschwindigkeit und mit einem exakten Hub von wenigen zehntel Millimeter bis maximal wenigen Millimetern erfolgen; so geschieht dies dadurch, daß der Druckmittelanschluß 54 (hier: mit Drucköl) beaufschlagt wird. Dabei wird der Kolben 28 gegen den Widerstand der Federn 56 nach links in Richtung auf den Zylinderboden 14 gedrückt. Die Geschwindigkeit, mit der sich der Kolben 28 bewegt, hängt von der zugeführten Ölmenge und dem Öldruck ab. Beides kann sehr genau geregelt werden. Als Reaktionskräfte auftretende Lastschwankungen am Kolben 28 äußern sich lediglich in Druckschwankungen des zugeführten Hydraulikmediums. Geschwindigkeitsschwankungen von unerwünschter Größe treten nicht auf.From this position, the power stroke can now take place with precisely controlled speed, force and defined length. For example, a film cutting knife attached to the free end of the piston rod 16 could be moved from the position shown in FIG. 1 to the position shown in FIG. 2 by the movement of the piston rod 16 in the starting position for the cut. A cut must now be made at a controlled speed and with an exact stroke of a few tenths of a millimeter to a maximum of a few millimeters; this is done in that the pressure medium connection 54 (here: with pressure oil) is applied. The piston 28 is pressed against the resistance of the springs 56 to the left in the direction of the cylinder bottom 14. The speed at which the piston 28 moves depends on the amount of oil supplied and the oil pressure. Both can be regulated very precisely. Load fluctuations on the piston 28 which occur as reaction forces are only manifested in pressure fluctuations of the hydraulic medium supplied. Speed fluctuations of undesirable size do not occur.

Durch die Bewegung des Kolbens 28 nach links drückt gleichzeitig dessen Stirnfläche 28a (die Abstützmittel) gegen die korrespondierende plane Stirnfläche 42d der Verriegelungselemente 42, die nun ihrerseits mit ihren inneren geneigten Stirnflächen 42b gegen die Schrägfläche 18a der Zugstange 18 drücken. Hierdurch wird die Zugstange 18 und damit auch die Kolbenstange 16 und die weiteren mit ihr verbundenen Elemente, zum Beispiel das Schneidmesser, mit entsprechender Geschwindigkeit und Kraft über eine vorwählbare Strecke nach links bewegt.Due to the movement of the piston 28 to the left, its end face 28a (the support means) simultaneously presses against the corresponding flat end face 42d of the locking elements 42, which in turn are now with their inner ones press inclined end faces 42b against the inclined surface 18a of the pull rod 18. As a result, the pull rod 18 and thus also the piston rod 16 and the other elements connected to it, for example the cutting knife, are moved to the left over a preselectable distance with corresponding speed and force.

Aufgrund der Flächenpressung zwischen den Umfangsflächen 42e der Verriegelungselemente 42 und der zylinderförmigen Innenfläche 38b des Ringkolbens 38 wird der Ringkolben (Verriegelungskolben) 38 automatisch gegen die Wirkung der Federn 40 nach links mitgeführt. Es wird schließlich die Position nach Figur 3 erreicht.Due to the surface pressure between the peripheral surfaces 42e of the locking elements 42 and the cylindrical inner surface 38b of the annular piston 38, the annular piston (locking piston) 38 is automatically carried to the left against the action of the springs 40. The position according to FIG. 3 is finally reached.

Diese Position kann über eine entsprechende Aufrechterhaltung des Drucks über den Druckmittelanschluß 54 aufrechterhalten bleiben, bis eine andere Position gewünscht wird.This position can be maintained via a corresponding maintenance of the pressure via the pressure medium connection 54 until another position is desired.

Claims (13)

  1. A device activated by pressure means with
    1.1 a cylinder housing (12) with a cylinder base (14),
    1.2 an annular piston (38) acted upon elastically by a pressure means (40) away from the cylinder base (14) and guided in a sliding manner in the cylinder housing (12),
    1.3 a pull rod (18) with one end projecting into the cylinder housing (12) or projecting through this and with the other end (16) emerging from the cylinder housing (12) on the side of the cylinder housing (12) opposite the cylinder base (14),
    1.4 the end of which pull rod (18), facing the cylinder base (14), is extended by way of an inclined face (18a) extending outwards,
    1.5 locking elements (42) arranged between the pull rod (18), annular piston (38) and an axially acting support means (28a), which are displaceable and loaded inwardly, radially from the annular piston (38), which elements
    1.6 rest, when the pull rod (18) is in its locked position, against its inclined face (18a) and against the annular piston (38) whilst simultaneously blocking a radial outward movement,
    1.7 wherein the support means (28a) is a component part of an annular piston (28) surrounding the pull rod (18), arranged between the cylinder housing (12) and the pull rod (18), and able to be acted upon by a further pressure means for displacement in the direction of the cylinder base (14), and
    1.8 means (30) penetrating the annular piston (38) are provided for supporting the radially inner faces of the locking elements (42) in the unlocked position of the pull rod (18).
  2. A device according to claim 1 in which the means for supporting the locking elements (42) are formed by a mandrel (30), which is mounted in axial extension of the pull rod (18) between the cylinder base (14) and the pull rod (18) elastically (at 32) in the direction of the pull rod (18).
  3. A device according to claim 2, with a housing-fixed stop (36) for limiting the sliding path of the mandrel (30) in the direction of the pull rod (18).
  4. A device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the annular piston (38) has on its end cooperating with the locking elements (42) a cylindrical inner face (38b) with a greater diameter than on its end facing the cylinder base (14).
  5. A device according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the annular piston (38) is guided on the mandrel (30).
  6. A device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the annular piston (38) is formed between its inner slide face and the extended cylindrical inner face (38b) with an inclined face (38a).
  7. A device according to one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the transition region of the annular piston (38) between the extended cylindrical inner face (38b) and the free end of the annular piston is formed with a further inclined face (38c).
  8. A device according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which the piston (28) is able to be acted upon by a gas under pressure or fluid.
  9. A device according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which the piston (28) is able to be acted upon by a bent lever mechanism or key system able to be activated outside the cylinder housing (12).
  10. A device according to one of claims 1 to 9, in which the pull rod (18) is able to be moved hydraulically or pneumatically in the direction of the cylinder base (14) and away from this.
  11. A device according to one of claims 1 to 10, in which the pressure means (32,40,56) are springs.
  12. A device according to one of claims 1 to 11 in which the locking elements are shaped as spheres.
  13. A device according to one of claims 7 to 11, in which the locking elements (42) are shaped as circular ring segments with a first end face (42d) for bearing on the support means (28a), a second end face with an inner inclined section (42b) for the two-dimensional bearing on the inclined face (18a) of the pull rod (18) and an external opposingly inclined section (42c) for bearing on the inclined face (38c) of the annular piston (38).
EP90904773A 1989-04-03 1990-04-01 Fluid-actuated device Expired - Lifetime EP0466718B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8904055U 1989-04-03
DE8904055U DE8904055U1 (en) 1989-04-03 1989-04-03 Pressure medium operated device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0466718A1 EP0466718A1 (en) 1992-01-22
EP0466718B1 true EP0466718B1 (en) 1992-11-19

Family

ID=6837789

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90904773A Expired - Lifetime EP0466718B1 (en) 1989-04-03 1990-04-01 Fluid-actuated device

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0466718B1 (en)
DE (3) DE8904055U1 (en)
DK (1) DK0466718T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2035750T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1990012213A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109356909A (en) * 2018-12-01 2019-02-19 江苏汉东机械有限公司 A kind of hydraulic cylinder mechanical locking

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2911071A1 (en) * 1979-03-21 1980-09-25 Andexer Rolf Fa Ram piston locking mechanism - has locking pieces in circle between annular guide and locking slide
DE3317487A1 (en) * 1983-05-13 1984-11-15 Gabrie, Duje Welter, 5170 Jülich Positive locking system for pistons of pressure-medium cylinders
EP0219594A1 (en) * 1985-10-23 1987-04-29 Klement, Klaus-Dieter Device actuated by fluid under pressure

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3397620A (en) * 1966-10-06 1968-08-20 Milwaukee Cylinder Corp Fluid actuator with annular piston locking means
US3813065A (en) * 1969-06-23 1974-05-28 Decoto Aircraft Inc Locking mechanisms and actuator assemblies of coaxial locked remotely at selected locations after motions of a nearly complete circumferential one piece chamfered locking ring
DE7426429U (en) * 1974-08-02 1974-12-19 Esser K Kg Working cylinder that can be acted upon by a pressure medium
DE2906819C2 (en) * 1979-02-22 1983-05-26 EHP Hugo Krüger KG Elektrik-Hydraulik-Pneumatik, 5828 Ennepetal Pressurized gas-actuated double lifting cylinder, especially for domed rooflights
US4712471A (en) * 1986-08-29 1987-12-15 Ex-Cell-O Corporation Actuator locking mechanism

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2911071A1 (en) * 1979-03-21 1980-09-25 Andexer Rolf Fa Ram piston locking mechanism - has locking pieces in circle between annular guide and locking slide
DE3317487A1 (en) * 1983-05-13 1984-11-15 Gabrie, Duje Welter, 5170 Jülich Positive locking system for pistons of pressure-medium cylinders
EP0219594A1 (en) * 1985-10-23 1987-04-29 Klement, Klaus-Dieter Device actuated by fluid under pressure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1990012213A1 (en) 1990-10-18
ES2035750T3 (en) 1993-04-16
EP0466718A1 (en) 1992-01-22
DK0466718T3 (en) 1993-04-05
DE8904055U1 (en) 1989-09-07
DE4090549D2 (en) 1992-03-12
DE59000489D1 (en) 1992-12-24

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