EP0463974B1 - Einrichtung zum Sichern und zum Schärfen einer Munition - Google Patents

Einrichtung zum Sichern und zum Schärfen einer Munition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0463974B1
EP0463974B1 EP19910401772 EP91401772A EP0463974B1 EP 0463974 B1 EP0463974 B1 EP 0463974B1 EP 19910401772 EP19910401772 EP 19910401772 EP 91401772 A EP91401772 A EP 91401772A EP 0463974 B1 EP0463974 B1 EP 0463974B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
movement
helical
safety
firing
phase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19910401772
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0463974A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Beglarian
Jean-Claude Depeigne
Michel Vincent
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Etat Francais
Original Assignee
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Etat Francais
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0463974A1 publication Critical patent/EP0463974A1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/34—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by a blocking-member in the pyrotechnic or explosive train between primer and main charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F42C15/188—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier

Definitions

  • the technical sector of the present invention is that of the safety and arming devices of a pyrotechnic chain placed between an initiation composition and a composition for initiating the explosive charge of a munition.
  • a pyrotechnic flap (disc for example) which, by rotation, passes from a safety position to an armed position.
  • Various security systems ensure the release of the flap under the intended firing or lighting conditions.
  • patent FR-A-2 463 386 describes a safety device timed by a spiral spring. However, this device is applied to a revolving projectile and the bolt describes an arc to go from the safety position to the armed position.
  • the patent FR-A-2 344 809 describes a rocket whose safety flap consists of a movable shaft first in rotation then in translation to pass from the safety position to the armed position, the display of the armed position being provided by an intermediate piece.
  • Patent FR 2 296 834 which forms the basis of the preamble of independent claim 1, describes a double-charge pyrotechnic device comprising a sequential safety device inserted between the initiation charge and the main charge.
  • This sequential security comprises in particular an arming rod which can be maneuvered by rotation and / or by translation, from outside the projectile allowing the passage of this rod from a safety position to an armed position.
  • this patent does not describe the different types of possible combinations of these two models of displacement by rotation and translation.
  • the seat of the excitation (operation) comes essentially from the armament security device (DSA) which contains primary explosives.
  • DSA armament security device
  • the mechanical stresses undergone by the ammunition or the weapon, upon impact from the sea are significant.
  • the characteristics of the stresses undergone depend on several factors: drop altitude, speed of impact on the sea, state of the sea, impact incidence, etc.
  • the ammunition or the underwater weapon is designed to operate at a determined immersion. Premature operation at impact shows a lack of reliability and an absence of system security and engages the security of the launcher aircraft, at low drop altitudes, which is often the case.
  • the aim of the present invention is to reduce the harmful effects of these constraints and to improve the safety and reliability of operation of the DSA, by avoiding untimely operations due to accidental events, but also premature operation due to a transient alignment of the pyrotechnic chain during significant mechanical stresses, on the impact on the sea of underwater weapons and ammunition dropped from an aircraft.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a security and arming device for ammunition, capable of ensuring the alignment of the pyrotechnic chain and being able to occupy two different positions, a first in which the firing of the ammunition is prohibited and a second in which the ignition is transmitted, this device consisting of a chain interrupting means comprising a passage made along a diameter perpendicular to the directions of the stresses undergone by the ammunition during the operational phases, and integrating or not a composition relay, device characterized in that it is actuated along a helical angle path a to bring the passage from the first so-called safety position in which it is located in a plane substantially orthogonal to the alignment axis of the chain pyrotechnic, in the second so-called arming position where it is aligned with the axis of the chain.
  • the helical movement can be the combination of a translational movement and a rotational movement ⁇ of approximately 90 °.
  • the helical movement of the means can be carried out in three successive phases, a first phase A or during which a translation movement and a slight rotation of between 0 and 15% of the angle ⁇ are above all ensured, then in a phase B of significant rotation of between approximately 15 and 85% of the angle ⁇ , and finally in a phase C especially a translational movement and a slight rotation to the armed position.
  • the means may consist of a shaft placed perpendicular to the axis of the pyrotechnic chain, the helical movement being obtained using a pin assembly of helical guide / groove.
  • the helical groove can be made on the shaft according to the profile shown in FIG. 3.
  • the interruption means can be provided with means for displaying the two safety and arming positions.
  • the helical movement can be controlled by a motor system of the rack and pinion type actuating the interruption means.
  • the helical movement can be controlled by hydrostatic pressure acting on the interrupting means.
  • the helical movement can be controlled by borrowing gas taken from the propellant of the ammunition acting on the interrupting means.
  • An advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that the pinching, punching, rubbing phenomena of initiating explosives which are sensitive to them are eliminated, since the active materials are placed in a position of least stress.
  • the device provides a delay, or mechanical inertia, additional to the alignment of the priming chain which is not detrimental to the system, absorbs the stresses and mechanical stresses along a preferential axis (perpendicular to the direction of movement). ammunition). This is then always in contact with any smooth walls, during the maximum stress phase.
  • Another advantage lies in the fact that the combined translation and especially rotation movement (1/4 of a turn) makes it possible to visualize in a precise and unambiguous way the armed position of the DSA from a mark engraved at the end of the means of interruption, either directly if the end of the axis is visible, or by returning the position of this reference using an optical fiber for example, and not on an additional separate part.
  • the pyrotechnic chain partially represented in FIG. 1 comprises an electric or percussion initiator 1, a relay composition 2 carried by a shaft 3 in a passage 2a, and a main detonator relay 4 which is adjacent to a conventional explosive composition not shown.
  • the assembly is integrated in an ammunition 5 partially shown and must be aligned in the armed position on the axis 6 of the pyrotechnic chain.
  • the shaft 3 slides in a housing 7 of the ammunition according to a helical movement detailed in FIG. 3 as a result of a force applied according to arrow X on one of its ends.
  • a guide pin 8 is fixed in the housing 7 and is engaged in a groove 9 formed on the shaft 3.
  • a display means 3a for the position of the shaft 3 is provided at the end; this means can be a groove made at the end of the axis along a diameter. The meaning is chosen by convention.
  • the shaft 3 rotates around its axis of rotation 10 by an angle ⁇ , of the order of 90 °, and undergoes a translation (d) to bring the passage 2a or the composition 2 into alignment with the initiator 1 and relay 4.
  • the shaft is locked in this position.
  • the tree can be returned to the safety position, either automatically or manually.
  • Figure 1 focusing in particular on the concept of the shutter axis type pyrotechnic device with a helical ramp and control of the flap position directly at the end of the axis, does not reveal the other characteristics of the DSA such as the devices for returning the pyrotechnic flap and blocking the flap in the safety position ( unarmed).
  • FIG. 2A a section has been shown showing a percussive primer 11 associated with a relay 12.
  • FIG. 2B shows a relay tablet consisting of a capsule 13 containing a priming explosive 14. The initiator is stationary and is located designated by the reference 1 in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a groove for a projectile of the submarine munition type. According to the invention, this groove provides a combined translation-rotation movement while allowing progressive movement.
  • FIG. 3 represents an example of a development of the helical ramp, that is to say the variation of the angle of rotation ⁇ as a function of x as a function of the displacement D. The respective extreme values are 90 ° and 15 mm, but they can be obviously modified by those skilled in the art.
  • the curve has a first portion having a radius of curvature R1 of the order of 10 mm, followed by a second portion having a radius of curvature R2 of the order of 8 mm.
  • the curve changes direction according to a radius R3 of the order of 8 mm followed by a final portion of radius R4 of about 10 mm.
  • the movement of the shaft 3 is therefore done according to 3 phases of rotation A, B and C whose respective final values are 12, 78 and 90 ° and corresponding to the translations also respective of 5, 10 and 15 mm.
  • the movement of the pyrotechnic flap, shown according to the development of the helical ramp, must not have a radius of "slight curvature” in order to avoid any blockage of the pyrotechnic flap (movement of the guide pin in the groove) from which value of the helical ramp which meets all of these criteria.
  • helical ramp makes it possible to bring almost in contact (a few 1/10 of a mm possible), without risk of mechanical stresses, two pyrotechnic elements ensuring the correct operation of the pyrotechnic chain at the detonic level.
  • FIG 4 there is shown an example of drive means of the shaft 3 which consists of a rack 20 integral with said shaft and a pinion 21.
  • the shaft is held in the safety position by the device locking 24 (shear pin for example).
  • This pinion is rotated by the reduction motor 22 via the axis 23.
  • this motor is conventionally controlled during the flight sequence.
  • the DSA Unpowered, the reduction motor is free.
  • the DSA is in the safety position by the action of a return device (spring for example).
  • the return device is then compressed by the pyrotechnic component.
  • FIG. 5 shows another example of drive means operating by the action of hydrostatic pressure.
  • the shaft 3 is provided at one end with a piston 25 provided with a seal 26 and sliding in a chamber 27. The latter communicates with the outside through the holes 28 made in the cover 29 secured to the body of the ammunition.
  • the return device makes it possible to control the instant of alignment of the shaft as a function of the desired depth.
  • a safety pin housed in the hole 30 provided with a flame, can be placed on the flap for the storage, transport and implementation configurations, until the ammunition is released.
  • FIG 6 there is shown an example of means drive shaft 3 applicable to aerial and possibly submarine munitions.
  • One end of the shaft 3 is provided with a piston 31 fitted with a seal 32 sliding in a chamber 33.
  • the chamber is closed by a cover 34 which leaves the piston facing a circuit for taking samples of combustion gases.
  • the pyrotechnic shutter In the safety position, the pyrotechnic shutter is held in the "unarmed" position by the locking device 36 not shown.
  • the pressure of the gases taken from the propellant or from any other sub-assembly of the ammunition, for example gas generator or pressurized tank, etc., is brought by the conduit 35 into the chamber 33, the borrowing of gas taking place according to a determined sequence.
  • the gas pressure exerted on the piston 31 of the pyrotechnic shutter allows the alignment of the pyrotechnic chain, the blocking device 36 of the shutter then being lifted, erased or sheared according to the blocking principle used.
  • the return device allows the flap to return to the safety position in the event of degraded situations in flight.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Sicherungs- und Entsicherungsvorrichtung für Munitionen zum Abgleich der pyrotechnischen Kette, die zwei verschiedene Positionen einnehmen kann, eine erste, in der die Zündung der Munition untersagt ist und eine zweite, in der die Zündung übertragen wird, wobei diese Vorrichtung aus einem Unterbrechungsmittel (3) der Kette besteht, mit einem nach einem zu den Richtungen der von der Munition bei den operationellen Phasen erlittenen Belastungen senkrecht angeordnetem Durchgang (2a), und das eine Relaismischung (2) integriert oder nicht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie nach einer spiralförmigen Bahn mit einem Winkel α betätigt wird, um den Durchgang (2a) der ersten sogenannten Sicherungsposition, in der sie sich auf einer in bezug auf die Abgleichachse (6) der pyrotechnischen Kette etwa orthogonalen Ebene befindet, auf die zweite sogenannte Entsicherungsposition, in der sie mit der Achse der Kette (6) abgeglichen ist, zu ermöglichen.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die spiralförmige Bewegung die Kombination einer Translationsbewegung und einer Rotationsbewegung α von ca. 90° ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die spiralförmige Bewegung des Mittels in drei aufeinanderfolgenden Phasen erfolgt, einer ersten Phase A, in der man insbesondere eine Translationsbewegung und eine geringe Rotation zwischen ca. 0 und 15 % des Winkels α gewährleistet, gefolgt von einer Phase B mit bedeutender Rotation zwischen ca. 15 und 85 % des Winkels α, und schließlich einer Phase C mit insbesondere einer starken Translationsbewegung und einer geringen Rotation bis zur entsicherten Position.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mittel aus einer Welle (3) besteht, die senkrecht zur Achse (6) der pyrotechnischen Kette angeordnet ist, wobei die spiralförmige Bewegung mittels einer Baugruppe Führungsnocken/spiralförmige Rille (8, 9) erzielt wird.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die spiralförmige Rille (9) auf der Welle (3) nach dem auf Fig. 3 dargestellten Profil eingelassen ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Unterbrechungsmittel mit Visualisierungsmitteln der beiden Sicherungs- und Entsicherungspositionen ausgerüstet ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die spiralförmige Bewegung von einem Antriebssystem vom Typ Ritzel/Zahnstange (21, 20) gesteuert wird, das das Unterbrechungsmittel (3) betätigt.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die spiralförmige Bewegung mittels hydrostatischem Druck gesteuert wird, der auf das Unterbrechungsmittel (3) einwirkt.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die spiralförmige Bewegung mittels am Treibsatz der Munition entnommenen Gasen gesteuert wird, die auf das Unterbrechungsmittel (3) einwirken.
EP19910401772 1990-06-28 1991-06-27 Einrichtung zum Sichern und zum Schärfen einer Munition Expired - Lifetime EP0463974B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9008148 1990-06-28
FR9008148A FR2664040B1 (fr) 1990-06-28 1990-06-28 Dispositif de securite et d'armement des charges militaires.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0463974A1 EP0463974A1 (de) 1992-01-02
EP0463974B1 true EP0463974B1 (de) 1995-01-25

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EP19910401772 Expired - Lifetime EP0463974B1 (de) 1990-06-28 1991-06-27 Einrichtung zum Sichern und zum Schärfen einer Munition

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EP (1) EP0463974B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69106950T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2069240T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2664040B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6431071B1 (en) * 2000-09-18 2002-08-13 Trw Inc. Mems arm fire and safe and arm devices
US7387156B2 (en) 2005-11-14 2008-06-17 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Perforating safety system
FR2991447B1 (fr) * 2012-05-30 2017-04-07 Mbda France Systeme d'armement securise pour charge explosive

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB100046A (en) * 1914-04-29 1917-01-04 John Bonner Semple Improvements in Projectiles.
US2520949A (en) * 1946-07-13 1950-09-05 Leo T Meister Fuse for bombs
US2994272A (en) * 1956-03-23 1961-08-01 Henry D Saunderson Water discrimination fuze ball-bearing screw type
FR1216747A (fr) * 1959-02-14 1960-04-27 Borletti Spa Fusée à temps et percussion pour tir anti-aérien, naval et terrestre
US3906861A (en) * 1974-01-21 1975-09-23 Us Navy Fuze sterilization system
FR2296834A1 (fr) * 1974-12-31 1976-07-30 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Dispositif pyrotechnique a double charge comportant une securite sequentielle
FR2344809A1 (fr) * 1976-03-17 1977-10-14 Luchaire Sa Fusee a securites, fonctionnant par emprunt de gaz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69106950D1 (de) 1995-03-09
ES2069240T3 (es) 1995-05-01
EP0463974A1 (de) 1992-01-02
FR2664040B1 (fr) 1994-07-22
FR2664040A1 (fr) 1992-01-03
DE69106950T2 (de) 1995-05-24

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