EP0463385B1 - Fan impeller - Google Patents

Fan impeller Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0463385B1
EP0463385B1 EP19910108569 EP91108569A EP0463385B1 EP 0463385 B1 EP0463385 B1 EP 0463385B1 EP 19910108569 EP19910108569 EP 19910108569 EP 91108569 A EP91108569 A EP 91108569A EP 0463385 B1 EP0463385 B1 EP 0463385B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
hub
wall
impeller according
edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19910108569
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0463385A2 (en
EP0463385A3 (en
Inventor
Kurt Dipl.-Ing. Hauser
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Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
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Behr GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0463385A2 publication Critical patent/EP0463385A2/en
Publication of EP0463385A3 publication Critical patent/EP0463385A3/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/38Blades
    • F04D29/384Blades characterised by form
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/325Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow fans
    • F04D29/329Details of the hub
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00Components
    • F05D2240/20Rotors
    • F05D2240/30Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05D2240/304Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor related to the trailing edge of a rotor blade

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an impeller for a fan, in particular for a cooling fan of a motor vehicle with a semi-axial flow, with a cylindrical hub provided with blades according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Impellers for cooling fans of motor vehicle engines are known (DE-PS 33 04 296 and DE-A-1 926 326). They consist of several, generally curved blades arranged approximately radially to the hub axis on their circumference. The blades are spaced from each other in the circumferential direction so that their blade feet, which are relatively wide in the circumferential direction for reasons of strength, do not overlap one another. This limits the number of fan blades.
  • impellers of the type mentioned at the beginning (US Pat. No. 4,142,844 or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 125 535/78) which do not overlap one another at the base, so that as many blades as possible can be arranged. With these impellers, the efficiency of the fan can be adversely affected by the blade design. Such types of blades are also not used in the impellers of modern cooling fans for motor vehicle engines.
  • the invention has for its object to design an impeller of the type mentioned so that the efficiency and fan performance remain as high as possible despite the arrangement of as many blades.
  • the cooling fans for motor vehicle engines act semi-axially, and there is a dead water area on the cylindrical hub, which widens towards the rear edge of the blades and in which the blade effect is minimal in any case. Since, according to the invention, the blade end is only tapered into this area and runs towards the center of the blade, the design according to the invention does not result in any significant disadvantages with regard to the fan power and the efficiency.
  • the trailing edge of the blades can be bent in the axial direction, so that the extended length of the blade attached to the hub remains at least the same size and the stability at the blade root can be maintained or even increased without the advantage of axial demolding is not necessary.
  • the wall may cover the reinforcing rib and the blade end and may also be connected to further axial reinforcing ribs.
  • an impeller for the cooling fan of a motor vehicle engine is shown schematically and partially, which consists of a cylindrical hub (1) and a plurality of fan blades arranged on the circumference of this hub, of which only two, the fan blade (2) and the fan blade (3) are shown. As shown in FIG. 1, these fan blades have front and rear edges (4, 4 'and 5, 5') running essentially parallel to one another, so that their effective blade area and the blade root attached to the hub are as large as possible. 1 and 2, the leading edge (4 ') of the fan blade (3) and the trailing edge would be (5) the fan blade (2) overlap in the area of the hub circumference in the hatched area (a) as seen in the axial direction. If such plastic impellers are therefore to be produced in one piece, this is only possible with tools that have radial slides so that the impeller can be demolded in this overlap area (a).
  • the kinking of the end of the blade surface (6 or 6 ') assigned to the outflow side has been achieved in that the end of the blades (2 or 3) provided with the trailing edge (5) has been removed from the blade surface (6, 6' ) is bent out in the hub area in the axial direction, so that, as shown in FIG. 3, there is no axial overlap of the leading edge (4 ') of the rotor blade (3) and the trailing edge (5) of the rotor blade (2) in the region of the hub circumference is coming.
  • Such a severing leads, as FIG. 1 readily shows, to a weakening of the blade root, which can largely be avoided by axially kinking the trailing edge (5) according to FIG. 3.
  • the (elongated) overall length of the blade root remains at least the same compared to conventional designs.
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically that impellers of the type described, which are usually arranged behind the engine cooler and in front of the engine block, produce a semi-axial flow, the interface (9) of which is approximately conical.
  • On the cylindrical hub (1) due to the hub detachment, there is a dead water area (8) that widens backwards from the upstream side.
  • the course of the end (5a) of the trailing edge (5) of the moving blades (2 or 3), viewed in the axial direction towards the center of the blade, is now dimensioned such that it does not exceed the interface (9) of the dead water area (8). If this is the case, then the kinking of the trailing edge (5) does not cause any significant deterioration in the fan efficiency or fan performance.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show an embodiment in which the trailing edge (5) of the rotor blade (2 ') similarly extends in the area of the hub (1) in the axial direction towards the center of the blade, as has already been done with reference to FIGS 3 has been explained.
  • the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6, however, does not provide for an axial bending of the trailing edge (5) of the blade (2 '), but, as previously mentioned, only separates the area of the blade root from the blade surface (6'), which otherwise would have led to an axial overlap with the adjacent rotor blade (3 ').
  • a plurality of axially extending reinforcing ribs (11, 12 and 13) are provided, which are connected to one another by a wall (14) which extends approximately from the center of the blade (7) into the outflow area and also runs axially and does not exceed the interface (9) of the dead water (8).
  • This configuration results in an extremely stable blade root. It nevertheless allows axial demolding in a simple manner, which is also shown in FIG. 6 becomes very clear and does not affect fan performance.
  • the reinforcing rib (13) could of course also coincide with a bent end of the blade, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the trailing edge (5) ends - as in the other embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3 - in this embodiment at point (15) on the circumference of the hub (1 ').
  • the end (5a) of the trailing edge (5) begins approximately at the point (16) where the trailing edge (5), which is initially still approximately parallel to the leading edge (4), towards the center of the impeller (7) into the part (5a) running towards the center of the blade ) transforms. This corresponds to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • FIG. 7 differs from that of FIG. 6 in that the wall (14 '), which in turn runs approximately at the interface (9) of the dead water (8) (see FIGS. 1 and 4), only is connected to the periphery of the hub (1) by two reinforcing ribs (12 ', 13') and by its front end (14a '). Above all, however, it differs in that the front edge (14a ') of the wall (14') in the direction of rotation of the blade (2 '') is preceded by a spoiler rib (21) which ensures that the front edge of the blade ( 4) incoming flow does not first strike the front edge (14a ') of the wall (14'), but is already lifted off the hub surface beforehand.
  • This embodiment thus acts almost exactly like a continuous wedge-shaped base formation on the blade root, as in 9 to 11 is shown.
  • An impeller designed in this way can therefore be designed to be relatively light. It is also possible to precede the front edge (14a ') of the wall (14') not only with a spoiler rib (21), but also with further spoiler ribs, for example, as indicated by dashed lines and identified by (21 '). Such spoiler ribs can also be molded in one piece onto the hub (1).
  • the wall (14 '') is the surface of a surface extending from the rear wall of the blade (2a) and up to the rear end face (1b) and partly above it protruding wedge (22), whose - rounded - tip (22a) extends axially and thus perpendicular to the end faces of the hub (1) and is flush with the leading edge (4) of the blade (2 '' ').
  • the wedge (22) ends at the hub surface at the point (15 ') at which the rear edge (5) of the blade (2' '') opens into the hub surface and it begins - where the wall (14 '') ends - At the point (16 ') where the kink lies between the rear edge (5) of the blade (2' '') and the connecting line to the point (15 ').
  • This point (16 ') also represents the rear limit of the dead water area, as has already been explained with reference to FIG. 1. 11, the hub (1) merges into the wedge (22).
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show a variant similar to that of FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the spoiler rib (21 ') is connected to the wall (14''') by a web (23) which is in the area the blade rear wall (2a) runs and with its free outer edge (23a) runs parallel to the blade rear wall (2a).
  • this web (23) represents a partial wall connecting the outermost contour of the spoiler fin (21 ') with the contour of the wall (14''') provides reinforcement of the blade root and on the other hand also ensures flow guidance in the vicinity of the blade.
  • a flow can thus be achieved which is largely the same as that of the embodiment of FIGS. 9 to 11, but without a material accumulation in the blade root being necessary.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 therefore also represents a variant which allows particularly easy manufacture.
  • all wall parts projecting from the back of the blade (2a), i.e. the spoiler fin (21 '), the web (23), the wall (14''') and the connecting webs (12 ', 13') and one also in The area of the web (23) provided connecting web (24) extend axially, so that a one-piece impeller consisting of hub and blades can be easily removed from the mold.
  • the configuration according to the invention naturally not only brings advantages in the case of fan blades of the type shown in the exemplary embodiments. It can also be provided in the case of blades that run outwards from a hub in the manner of a sickle.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Laufrad für einen Ventilator, insbesondere für einen halbaxial durchströmten Kühllüfter eines Kraftfahrzeugmotors mit einer mit Schaufeln versehenen zylindrischen Nabe nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to an impeller for a fan, in particular for a cooling fan of a motor vehicle with a semi-axial flow, with a cylindrical hub provided with blades according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Laufräder für Kühllüfter von Kraftfahrzeugmotoren sind bekannt (DE-PS 33 04 296 und DE-A-1 926 326). Sie bestehen aus mehreren, etwa radial zur Nabenachse auf deren Umfang angeordneten, in der Regel gekrümmten Schaufeln. Die Schaufeln sind dabei in Umfangsrichtung gegeneinander so auf Abstand gesetzt, daß sich ihre aus Gründen der Festigkeit in Umfangsrichtung relativ breit ausgebildeten Schaufelfüße nicht gegenseitig überlappen. Die Anzahl der Lüfterschaufeln ist dadurch beschränkt. Eine im Hinblick auf eine höhere Lüfterleistung gewählte Bauart mit mehr Schaufeln bringt bei der Herstellung den Nachteil mit sich, daß solche Laufräder, wenn sie aus Kunststoff einstückig hergestellt werden sollen, nur relativ aufwendig und unter Zuhilfenahme von Werkzeugen mit radialen Schiebern entformt werden können, weil die Anströmkante einer Schaufel in Axialrichtung gesehen die Abströmkante der benachbarten Schaufel überdeckt.Impellers for cooling fans of motor vehicle engines are known (DE-PS 33 04 296 and DE-A-1 926 326). They consist of several, generally curved blades arranged approximately radially to the hub axis on their circumference. The blades are spaced from each other in the circumferential direction so that their blade feet, which are relatively wide in the circumferential direction for reasons of strength, do not overlap one another. This limits the number of fan blades. A chosen with a view to a higher fan performance with more blades brings with it the disadvantage that such impellers, if they are to be made in one piece from plastic, can be removed from the mold only relatively costly and with the aid of tools with radial slides, because the leading edge of a blade seen in the axial direction covers the trailing edge of the adjacent blade.

Bekannt sind auch Laufräder der eingangs erwähnten Art (US-PS 4 142 844 bzw. japanische Offenlegungsschrift 125 535/78), die sich gegenseitig am Fuß nicht überlappen, so daß möglichst viele Schaufeln angeordnet werden können. Bei diesen Laufrädern kann der Wirkungsgrad des Lüfters durch die Schaufelgestaltung nachteilig beeinflußt sein. Solche Schaufelarten werden bei Laufrädern moderner Kühllüfter für Kraftfahrzeugmotoren auch nicht eingesetzt.Also known are impellers of the type mentioned at the beginning (US Pat. No. 4,142,844 or Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 125 535/78) which do not overlap one another at the base, so that as many blades as possible can be arranged. With these impellers, the efficiency of the fan can be adversely affected by the blade design. Such types of blades are also not used in the impellers of modern cooling fans for motor vehicle engines.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Laufrad der eingangs genannten Art so auszugestalten, daß der Wirkungsgrad und die Lüfterleistung trotz der Anordnung von möglichst vielen Schaufeln möglichst hoch bleiben.The invention has for its object to design an impeller of the type mentioned so that the efficiency and fan performance remain as high as possible despite the arrangement of as many blades.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 vorgeschlagen. Insbesondere die Kühllüfter für Kraftfahrzeugmotoren wirken halbaxial, und es entsteht an der zylindrischen Nabe ein Totwasserbereich, der sich zur Hinterkante der Schaufeln hin erweitert und in dem ohnehin die Schaufelwirkung nur minimal ist. Da erfindungsgemäß das Schaufelende nur in diesen Bereich verjüngt wird und zur Schaufelmitte hin verläuft, werden durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung im Hinblick auf die Lüfterleistung und den Wirkungsgrad keine nennenswerten Nachteile eingehandelt.To solve this problem, the features of claim 1 are proposed. In particular, the cooling fans for motor vehicle engines act semi-axially, and there is a dead water area on the cylindrical hub, which widens towards the rear edge of the blades and in which the blade effect is minimal in any case. Since, according to the invention, the blade end is only tapered into this area and runs towards the center of the blade, the design according to the invention does not result in any significant disadvantages with regard to the fan power and the efficiency.

Nach dem Anspruch 2 kann das mit der Abströmkante versehene Ende der Schaufeln in Axialrichtung abgebogen werden, so daß die gestreckte Länge der an der Nabe befestigten Schaufel zumindest gleich groß bleibt und die Stabilität am Schaufelfuß beibehalten oder sogar erhöht werden kann, ohne daß der Vorteil des axialen Entformens entfällt.According to claim 2, the trailing edge of the blades can be bent in the axial direction, so that the extended length of the blade attached to the hub remains at least the same size and the stability at the blade root can be maintained or even increased without the advantage of axial demolding is not necessary.

Nach Anspruch 3 ist es vorteilhaft, in diesem Totwasserbereich zusätzlich mindestens eine Verstärkungsrippe am Schaufelfuß angreifen zu lassen, die ebenfalls die Strömung nicht beeinflußt und dann, wenn sie nach Anspruch 4 axial angeordnet wird, auch weiterhin ein axiales Entformen des Schaufelrades ermöglicht. Nach Anspruch 5 kann eine etwa an der Grenze des Totwasserbereiches verlaufende, von der Nabenvorderkante nach hinten schräg ansteigende Wand vorgesehen sein. Diese Ausgestaltung ergibt ebenfalls eine Verstärkung des Schaufelfußes, ohne daß der Vorteil einer axialen Ausformung beeinflußt wird. Sie ermöglicht aber auch eine Strömungsberuhigung auf der Abströmseite, die zu einer Leistungsverbesserung und zu einer Geräuschminderung beiträgt. Auch diese Wand sollte zu diesem Zweck axial verlaufen. Nach Anspruch 6 kann die Wand die Verstärkungsrippe und das Schaufelende überdecken und ggf. auch noch mit weiteren axialen Verstärkungsrippen verbunden sein.According to claim 3, it is advantageous in this dead water area to additionally attack at least one reinforcing rib on the blade root, which also does not influence the flow and, if it is arranged axially according to claim 4, also allows an axial demolding of the blade wheel. According to claim 5, a wall running approximately at the boundary of the dead water area and rising obliquely from the front edge of the hub can be provided. These Design also results in a reinforcement of the blade root without affecting the advantage of an axial shape. However, it also enables flow stabilization on the outflow side, which contributes to an improvement in performance and to noise reduction. This wall should also run axially for this purpose. According to claim 6, the wall may cover the reinforcing rib and the blade end and may also be connected to further axial reinforcing ribs.

Nach den Ansprüchen 8 bis 12 ist es bei einer Variante einer Ausführungsform auch möglich, die Wand nur über einen Teil der Schaufellänge in Umfangsrichtung verlaufen zu lassen und ihrer Vorderkante eine Spoilerrippe vorzulagern, die an der Nabe angebracht ist. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß damit die Abströmverhältnisse trotz einfacher Ausgestaltung verbessert werden können. Das gesamte Totwassergebiet kann so in seiner schädlichen Auswirkung vermieden werden. Dabei sind auch - s. Anspruch 10 bis 12 - Varianten möglich, die auch eine Schaufelfußverstärkung über die gesamte Schaufellänge ergeben.According to claims 8 to 12, it is also possible in a variant of an embodiment to allow the wall to run only over part of the blade length in the circumferential direction and to have a spoiler rib in front of it which is attached to the hub. It has been shown that the outflow conditions can be improved despite the simple design. The entire dead water area can be avoided in its harmful effects. There are also - s. Claims 10 to 12 - Variants possible, which also result in a blade root reinforcement over the entire blade length.

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen dargestellt und wird im folgenden erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Teilansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Laufrades in der Axialrichtung,
Fig. 2
die Teilansicht des Laufrades der Fig. 1 in Richtung des Pfeiles II,
Fig. 3
den Schnitt längs der Zylinderfläche III-III der Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
eine schematische Darstellung des Strömungsverlaufes im Bereich der Nabe des Laufrades,
Fig. 5
eine Radialansicht einer Schaufel eines Laufrades in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 6
die Ansicht des Schaufelfußes der Schaufel der Fig. 5 in Axialrichtung gemäß dem Pfeil VI gesehen,
Fig. 7
die Ansicht des Schaufelfußes einer Schaufel ähnlich Fig. 6, jedoch in einer Ausführungsvariante,
Fig. 8
die Draufsicht auf die Schaufel der Fig. 7 in Radialrichtung des Laufrades,
Fig. 9
eine Ansicht des Schaufelfußes ähnlich Fi. 7, jedoch einer weiteren Ausführungsform,
Fig.10
die Radialansicht der Schaufel nach Fig. 9,
Fig.11
den Schnitt durch den Schaufelfuß längs der Linie XI-XI der Fig. 10,
Fig.12
eine Radialansicht ähnlich Fig. 10, jedoch bei einer anderen Ausführungsform einer Schaufel und
Fig.13
die Ansicht des Schaufelfußes der Schaufel der Fig. 12 in Axialrichtung gesehen.
The invention is illustrated in the drawing using exemplary embodiments and is explained below. Show it:
Fig. 1
2 shows a schematic partial view of an impeller according to the invention in the axial direction,
Fig. 2
the partial view of the impeller of FIG. 1 in the direction of arrow II,
Fig. 3
the section along the cylinder surface III-III of Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
1 shows a schematic representation of the flow in the area of the hub of the impeller,
Fig. 5
a radial view of a blade of an impeller in a modified embodiment,
Fig. 6
5 is seen in the axial direction according to arrow VI,
Fig. 7
6 the view of the blade root of a blade similar to FIG. 6, but in an embodiment variant,
Fig. 8
7 shows the top view of the blade of FIG. 7 in the radial direction of the impeller,
Fig. 9
a view of the blade root similar to Fi. 7, but a further embodiment,
Fig. 10
9 shows the radial view of the blade according to FIG. 9,
Fig. 11
the section through the blade root along the line XI-XI of Fig. 10,
Fig. 12
a radial view similar to FIG. 10, but in another embodiment of a blade and
Fig. 13
the view of the blade root of the blade of FIG. 12 seen in the axial direction.

In den Fig. 1 bis 3 ist ein Laufrad für den Kühllüfter eines Kraftfahrzeugmotores schematisch und teilweise gezeigt, das aus einer zylindrischen Nabe (1) und aus mehreren am Umfang dieser Nabe angeordneten Lüfterschaufeln besteht, von denen nur zwei, die Lüfterschaufel (2) und die Lüfterschaufel (3), gezeigt sind. Diese Lüfterschaufeln besitzen, wie Fig. 1 zeigt, im wesentlichen parallel zueinander verlaufende Vorder- und Hinterkanten (4, 4' bzw. 5, 5'), damit ihre wirksame Schaufelfläche und der an der Nabe befestigte Schaufelfuß möglichst groß sind. Wie Fig. 1 und 2 erkennen lassen, würde sich daher die Anströmkante (4') der Lüfterschaufel (3) und die Abströmkante (5) der Lüfterschaufel (2) im Bereich des Nabenumfanges im schraffiert angedeuteten Bereich (a) in der Axialrichtung gesehen überlappen. Sollen daher solche Laufräder aus Kunststoff einstückig hergestellt werden, ist das nur mit Werkzeugen möglich, die radiale Schieber besitzen, damit das Laufrad in diesem Überlappungsbereich (a) entformt werden kann.1 to 3, an impeller for the cooling fan of a motor vehicle engine is shown schematically and partially, which consists of a cylindrical hub (1) and a plurality of fan blades arranged on the circumference of this hub, of which only two, the fan blade (2) and the fan blade (3) are shown. As shown in FIG. 1, these fan blades have front and rear edges (4, 4 'and 5, 5') running essentially parallel to one another, so that their effective blade area and the blade root attached to the hub are as large as possible. 1 and 2, the leading edge (4 ') of the fan blade (3) and the trailing edge would be (5) the fan blade (2) overlap in the area of the hub circumference in the hatched area (a) as seen in the axial direction. If such plastic impellers are therefore to be produced in one piece, this is only possible with tools that have radial slides so that the impeller can be demolded in this overlap area (a).

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Laufrad gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 3 ist vorgesehen, daß das der Abströmseite zugeordnete Ende (5a) der Schaufelfläche (6) im Bereich des Umfanges der Nabe (1) zu der strichpunktiert angedeuteten Schaufelmitte (7) hin abgeknickt ist. Die Abströmkante endet daher an der auf dem Nabenumfang mit (15) bezeichneten Stelle. Der Überlappungsbereich (a) entfällt, und es wird in einfacher Weise möglich, ein solches Laufrad ausschließlich axial zu entformen. Die Herstellungswerkzeuge werden dadurch wesentlich einfacher und der Entformungsvorgang auch.1 to 3 it is provided that the end (5a) of the blade surface (6) assigned to the outflow side is bent in the area of the circumference of the hub (1) towards the blade center (7) indicated by dash-dotted lines. The trailing edge therefore ends at the point labeled (15) on the hub circumference. The overlap area (a) is omitted, and it is easily possible to demold such an impeller only axially. This makes the manufacturing tools much simpler, and so does the demolding process.

Beim gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Abknicken des der Abströmseite zugeordneten Endes der Schaufelfläche (6 bzw. 6') dadurch erreicht worden, daß das mit der Abströmkante (5) versehene Ende der Schaufeln (2 bzw. 3) aus der Schaufelfläche (6, 6') heraus im Nabenbereich in Axialrichtung abgebogen ist, so daß es, wie Fig. 3 zeigt, nicht zu einer axialen Überdeckung der Anströmkante (4') der Laufschaufel (3) und der Abströmkante (5) der Laufschaufel (2) im Bereich des Nabenumfanges kommt. Natürlich wäre es möglich, aus der Schaufelfläche (6) im Nabenbereich einen Abschnitt herauszutrennen, der etwa dem Überlappungsbereich (a) entspricht, so daß auch dann die axiale Überdeckung vermieden ist. Ein solches Abtrennen aber führt, wie Fig. 1 ohne weiteres deutlich macht, zu einer Schwächung des Schaufelfußes, was durch das axiale Abknicken der Abströmkante (5) gemäß Fig. 3 weitgehend vermieden werden kann. Die (gestreckte) Gesamtlänge des Schaufelfußes bleibt gegenüber herkömmlichen Bauarten zumindest gleich.In the embodiment shown, the kinking of the end of the blade surface (6 or 6 ') assigned to the outflow side has been achieved in that the end of the blades (2 or 3) provided with the trailing edge (5) has been removed from the blade surface (6, 6' ) is bent out in the hub area in the axial direction, so that, as shown in FIG. 3, there is no axial overlap of the leading edge (4 ') of the rotor blade (3) and the trailing edge (5) of the rotor blade (2) in the region of the hub circumference is coming. Of course, it would be possible to separate a section from the blade surface (6) in the hub area which corresponds approximately to the overlap area (a), so that the axial overlap is then also avoided. Such a severing, however, leads, as FIG. 1 readily shows, to a weakening of the blade root, which can largely be avoided by axially kinking the trailing edge (5) according to FIG. 3. The (elongated) overall length of the blade root remains at least the same compared to conventional designs.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt schematisch, daß Laufräder der geschilderten Gattung, die in der Regel hinter dem Motorkühler und vor dem Motorblock angeordnet sind, eine Halbaxialströmung erzeugen, deren Grenzfläche (9) etwa kegelartig verläuft. An der zylindrischen Nabe (1) ergibt sich aufgrund der Nabenablösung ein sich von der Anströmseite her nach hinten verbreiternder Totwasserbereich (8). Der in Axialrichtung gesehen zur Schaufelmitte hin gerichtete Verlauf des Endes (5a) der Abströmkante (5) der Laufschaufeln (2 bzw. 3) wird nun so bemessen, daß er die Grenzfläche (9) des Totwasserbereiches (8) nicht überschreitet. Ist dies der Fall, dann bewirkt das Abknicken der Abströmkante (5) auch keine nennenswerte Verschlechterung des Lüfterwirkungsgrades oder der Lüfterleistung. Es wird auch möglich, wie dies in der Fig. 4 schematisch angedeutet ist, in diesem Totwasserbereich (8) und am Schaufelfuß noch zusätzliche Verstärkungsrippen (10) anzuordnen, ohne daß die Strömungsverhältnisse nennenswert beeinflußt werden.Fig. 4 shows schematically that impellers of the type described, which are usually arranged behind the engine cooler and in front of the engine block, produce a semi-axial flow, the interface (9) of which is approximately conical. On the cylindrical hub (1), due to the hub detachment, there is a dead water area (8) that widens backwards from the upstream side. The course of the end (5a) of the trailing edge (5) of the moving blades (2 or 3), viewed in the axial direction towards the center of the blade, is now dimensioned such that it does not exceed the interface (9) of the dead water area (8). If this is the case, then the kinking of the trailing edge (5) does not cause any significant deterioration in the fan efficiency or fan performance. It is also possible, as is indicated schematically in FIG. 4, to arrange additional reinforcing ribs (10) in this dead water area (8) and on the blade root without the flow conditions being significantly influenced.

Die Fig. 5 und 6 zeigen eine Ausführungsform, bei der die Abströmkante (5) der Laufschaufel (2') in ähnlicher Weise im Bereich der Nabe (1) in Axialrichtung gesehen zur Schaufelmitte hin verläuft, wie das schon anhand der Fig. 1 bis 3 erläutert worden ist. Die Ausgestaltung nach den Fig. 5 und 6 sieht allerdings kein axiales Abbiegen der Abströmkante (5) der Schaufel (2') vor, sondern trennt aus der Schaufelfläche (6'), wie vorher erwähnt, lediglich den Bereich des Schaufelfußes ab, der sonst zu einer axialen Überlappung mit der benachbarten Laufschaufel (3') geführt hätte. Um in diesem Fall die Schwächung des Schaufelfußes auszugleichen, sind mehrere axial verlaufende Verstärkungsrippen (11, 12 und 13) vorgesehen, die untereinander durch eine Wand (14) verbunden sind, die etwa von der Schaufelmitte (7) aus in den Abströmbereich herein und ebenfalls axial gerichtet verläuft und dabei die Grenzfläche (9) des Totwassers (8) nicht überschreitet. Diese Ausgestaltung ergibt einen äußerst stabilen Schaufelfuß. Sie erlaubt dennoch in einfacher Weise das axiale Entformen, was auch aus Fig. 6 sehr deutlich wird, und sie beeinflußt nicht die Lüfterleistung. Die Verstärkungsrippe (13) könnte natürlich auch mit einem abgebogenen Ende der Schaufel zusammenfallen, wie es in der Fig. 3 gezeigt ist.5 and 6 show an embodiment in which the trailing edge (5) of the rotor blade (2 ') similarly extends in the area of the hub (1) in the axial direction towards the center of the blade, as has already been done with reference to FIGS 3 has been explained. The embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6, however, does not provide for an axial bending of the trailing edge (5) of the blade (2 '), but, as previously mentioned, only separates the area of the blade root from the blade surface (6'), which otherwise would have led to an axial overlap with the adjacent rotor blade (3 '). In order to compensate for the weakening of the blade root in this case, a plurality of axially extending reinforcing ribs (11, 12 and 13) are provided, which are connected to one another by a wall (14) which extends approximately from the center of the blade (7) into the outflow area and also runs axially and does not exceed the interface (9) of the dead water (8). This configuration results in an extremely stable blade root. It nevertheless allows axial demolding in a simple manner, which is also shown in FIG. 6 becomes very clear and does not affect fan performance. The reinforcing rib (13) could of course also coincide with a bent end of the blade, as shown in FIG. 3.

Die Abströmkante (5) endet - wie bei der anderen Ausführung nach Fig. 1 bis 3 - bei dieser Ausführungsform an der Stelle (15) am Umfang der Nabe (1'). Das Ende (5a) der Abströmkante (5) beginnt dabei etwa an der Stelle (16), wo die zunächst noch etwa zur Anströmkante (4) parallele Abströmkante (5) zur Laufradmitte (7) hin in den zur Schaufelmitte hin verlaufenden Teil (5a) übergeht. Dies entspricht der Ausführungsform nach den Fig. 1 bis 3.The trailing edge (5) ends - as in the other embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3 - in this embodiment at point (15) on the circumference of the hub (1 '). The end (5a) of the trailing edge (5) begins approximately at the point (16) where the trailing edge (5), which is initially still approximately parallel to the leading edge (4), towards the center of the impeller (7) into the part (5a) running towards the center of the blade ) transforms. This corresponds to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3.

Wie in der Fig. 5 angedeutet ist, könnte auch vorgesehen werden, auf der von der Wand (14) und den Rippen (11 bis 13) abgewandten und der Anströmrichtung (19) zugewandten Saugseite Verstärkungsrippen (17, 18) vorzusehen, die ähnlich wie die Rippen (11 bis 13) auf der Druckseite, durch eine gemeinsame Wand (20) abgedeckt sein können. Diese Schaufelfußverstärkung kann zusätzlich oder anstelle der Verstärkung durch die Rippen (11 bis 13) vorgesehen sein.As indicated in FIG. 5, it could also be provided to provide reinforcing ribs (17, 18) on the suction side facing away from the wall (14) and the ribs (11 to 13) and facing the inflow direction (19), which are similar to the ribs (11 to 13) on the pressure side can be covered by a common wall (20). This blade root reinforcement can be provided in addition to or instead of the reinforcement by the ribs (11 to 13).

Die Ausführungsform der Fig. 7 weicht dadurch von jener der Fig. 6 ab, daß die Wand (14'), die wiederum etwa an der Grenzfläche (9) des Totwassers (8) (s. Fig. 1 und 4) verläuft, nur durch zwei Verstärkungsrippen (12', 13') und durch ihr vorderes Ende (14a') mit dem Umfang der Nabe (1) verbunden ist. Sie weicht vor allen Dingen aber darin ab, daß der Vorderkante (14a') der Wand (14') in der Drehrichtung der Schaufel (2'') eine Spoilerrippe (21) vorgelagert ist, welche dafür sorgt, daß die von der Schaufelvorderkante (4) kommende Anströmung nicht erst auf die Vorderkante (14a') der Wand (14') auftrifft, sondern bereits vorher von der Nabenoberfläche abgehoben wird. Diese Ausführungsform wirkt damit nahezu ebenso wie eine durchgehende keilförmige Sockelausbildung am Schaufelfuß, wie sie in den Fig. 9 bis 11 gezeigt ist. Bei der Ausführungsform der Fig. 7 und 8, die eine einteilige Herstellung aus Kunststoff ebenso erlaubt wie die vorher beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele, wird aber weniger Material gebraucht. Ein so ausgebildetes Laufrad kann daher verhältnismäßig leicht ausgebildet sein. Es ist auch möglich, der Vorderkante (14a') der Wand (14') nicht nur eine Spoilerrippe (21) vorzuschalten, sondern beispielsweise auch noch weitere Spoilerrippen, wie sie gestrichelt angedeutet und mit (21') bezeichnet sind. Auch solche Spoilerrippen lassen sich einteilig an die Nabe (1) anformen.The embodiment of FIG. 7 differs from that of FIG. 6 in that the wall (14 '), which in turn runs approximately at the interface (9) of the dead water (8) (see FIGS. 1 and 4), only is connected to the periphery of the hub (1) by two reinforcing ribs (12 ', 13') and by its front end (14a '). Above all, however, it differs in that the front edge (14a ') of the wall (14') in the direction of rotation of the blade (2 '') is preceded by a spoiler rib (21) which ensures that the front edge of the blade ( 4) incoming flow does not first strike the front edge (14a ') of the wall (14'), but is already lifted off the hub surface beforehand. This embodiment thus acts almost exactly like a continuous wedge-shaped base formation on the blade root, as in 9 to 11 is shown. In the embodiment of FIGS. 7 and 8, which allows a one-piece production from plastic as well as the previously described exemplary embodiments, less material is used. An impeller designed in this way can therefore be designed to be relatively light. It is also possible to precede the front edge (14a ') of the wall (14') not only with a spoiler rib (21), but also with further spoiler ribs, for example, as indicated by dashed lines and identified by (21 '). Such spoiler ribs can also be molded in one piece onto the hub (1).

In den Fig. 9 bis 11 ist, wie bereits angedeutet, eine Variante gezeigt, bei der die Wand (14'') die Oberfläche eines jeweils von der Schaufelrückwand (2a) ausgehenden und bis zur hinteren Stirnseite (1b) und zum Teil noch darüber hinausragenden Keiles (22) ist, dessen - abgerundete - Spitze (22a) axial und damit senkrecht zu den Stirnseiten der Nabe (1) verläuft und mit der Anströmkante (4) der Schaufel (2''') fluchtet. Der Keil (22) endet an der Nabenoberfläche an der Stelle (15'), an der die Hinterkante (5) der Schaufel (2''') in die Nabenoberfläche einmündet und er beginnt - da wo die Wand (14'') endet - an der Stelle (16'), an der der Knick zwischen der Hinterkante (5) der Schaufel (2''') und der Verbindungslinie zur Stelle (15') liegt. Diese Stelle (16') stellt auch die hintere Grenze des Totwasserbereiches dar, wie anhand der Fig. 1 bereits erläutert worden ist. Im Schnitt nach Fig. 11 geht daher die Nabe (1) in den Keil (22) über.9 to 11, as already indicated, a variant is shown in which the wall (14 '') is the surface of a surface extending from the rear wall of the blade (2a) and up to the rear end face (1b) and partly above it protruding wedge (22), whose - rounded - tip (22a) extends axially and thus perpendicular to the end faces of the hub (1) and is flush with the leading edge (4) of the blade (2 '' '). The wedge (22) ends at the hub surface at the point (15 ') at which the rear edge (5) of the blade (2' '') opens into the hub surface and it begins - where the wall (14 '') ends - At the point (16 ') where the kink lies between the rear edge (5) of the blade (2' '') and the connecting line to the point (15 '). This point (16 ') also represents the rear limit of the dead water area, as has already been explained with reference to FIG. 1. 11, the hub (1) merges into the wedge (22).

Die Fig. 12 und 13 zeigen eine Variante ähnlich jener der Fig. 7 und 8. Unterschiedlich ist hier, daß die Spoilerrippe (21') durch einen Steg (23) mit der Wand (14''') verbunden ist, der im Bereich der Schaufelrückwand (2a) verläuft und mit seiner freien Außenkante (23a) parallel zur Schaufelrückwand (2a) verläuft. Dieser Steg (23) stellt im Bereich der Schaufelrückwand (2a) eine die äußerste Kontur der Spoilerrippe (21') mit der Kontur der Wand (14''') verbindende Teilwand dar, die zum einen für eine Verstärkung des Schaufelfußes sorgt und zum anderen in der Schaufelnähe auch für eine Strömungsführung sorgt. Damit kann eine Strömung erreicht werden, die weitgehend jener der Ausführungsform der Fig. 9 bis 11 gleicht, ohne daß jedoch eine Materialanhäufung im Schaufelfuß notwendig wird. Die Ausführungsform der Fig. 12 und 13 stellt daher auch eine Variante dar, die eine besonders leichte Herstellung erlaubt. Zu diesem Zweck müssen alle von der Schaufelrückseite (2a) abstehenden Wandteile, also die Spoilerrippe (21'), der Steg (23), die Wand (14''') sowie die Verbindungsstege (12', 13') und ein auch im Bereich des Steges (23) vorgesehener Verbindungssteg (24) axial verlaufen, so daß eine Entformung eines einstückig hergestellten Laufrades bestehend aus Nabe und Schaufeln ohne weiteres möglich ist.12 and 13 show a variant similar to that of FIGS. 7 and 8. The difference here is that the spoiler rib (21 ') is connected to the wall (14''') by a web (23) which is in the area the blade rear wall (2a) runs and with its free outer edge (23a) runs parallel to the blade rear wall (2a). In the area of the blade rear wall (2a), this web (23) represents a partial wall connecting the outermost contour of the spoiler fin (21 ') with the contour of the wall (14''') provides reinforcement of the blade root and on the other hand also ensures flow guidance in the vicinity of the blade. A flow can thus be achieved which is largely the same as that of the embodiment of FIGS. 9 to 11, but without a material accumulation in the blade root being necessary. The embodiment of FIGS. 12 and 13 therefore also represents a variant which allows particularly easy manufacture. For this purpose, all wall parts projecting from the back of the blade (2a), i.e. the spoiler fin (21 '), the web (23), the wall (14''') and the connecting webs (12 ', 13') and one also in The area of the web (23) provided connecting web (24) extend axially, so that a one-piece impeller consisting of hub and blades can be easily removed from the mold.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung bringt natürlich nicht nur Vorteile bei Lüfterschaufeln der in den Ausführungsbeispielen gezeigten Art. Sie kann auch bei sichelartig von einer Nabe aus nach außen verlaufenden Schaufeln vorgesehen sein.The configuration according to the invention naturally not only brings advantages in the case of fan blades of the type shown in the exemplary embodiments. It can also be provided in the case of blades that run outwards from a hub in the manner of a sickle.

Claims (12)

  1. An impeller for a fan, particularly for a semi-axially through-flow cooling fan of a motor vehicle engine with a cylindrical hub (1) provided with blades (2, 3, 2', 3'), and with, associated with the outflow end, ends (5a) of the blade surfaces (6, 6') which, when viewed in an axial direction in the hub area, extend towards the centre (7) of the blades, whereby adjacent fan blades (2, 3, 2', 3') are so disposed that, viewed in the axial direction, the outflow edge (5) of a blade (2) and the incident flow edge (4') of the adjacent blade (3) do not overlap, whereby the incident flow and outflow edges (4, 5) of each blade (2, 3, 2', 3') extend substantially parallel with each other, characterised in that in each case the part of the outflow edge (5) which is in the region of the hub is angled in respect of the rest of the outflow edge and in that the radial length of the end part (5a) of the blade surface (6) which is thus angled over towards the middle of the blade corresponds substantially to the dead water area (8) of the flow off part of the hub.
  2. An impeller according to claim 1, characterised in that the end (5a) of the blade surface (6) which has the outflow edge (5) is bent over in an axial direction.
  3. An impeller according to claim 1, characterised in that in the dead water area (8), at least one reinforcing rib (10, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18) additionally engages the blade root.
  4. An impeller according to claim 3, characterised in that the reinforcing ribs (11, 12, 13, 17, 18) extend axially.
  5. An impeller according to claim 1, characterised in that a wall (14, 20) is provided which extends in a peripheral direction substantially around the boundary (9) of the dead water area (8), the end of the said wall (14, 20) which is in front in the direction of rotation of the impeller bounding the hub.
  6. An impeller according to claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the wall (14, 20) connects the reinforcing ribs (11, 12, 13, 17, 18) to one another.
  7. An impeller according to claim 5, characterised in that the top and bottom sides of the wall (14, 20) extend in an axial direction.
  8. An impeller according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the wall (14, 20) extends only over a part of the blade length in a peripheral direction and in that its front edge is preceded by a spoiler fin (21).
  9. An impeller according to claim 8, characterised in that the spoiler fin (21) is seated on the periphery of the hub and extends from the rear wall (2a) of the blade substantially as far as the rear edge (1b) of the hub.
  10. An impeller according to claims 8 and 9, characterised in that the spoiler fin (21) is disposed in the region of the front edge (4) of the blade.
  11. An impeller according to claim 10, characterised in that in the region of the rear wall (2a) of the blade, the spoiler fin (21') merges into a web (23) disposed thereon and which extends as far as the wall (14, 20).
  12. An impeller according to claim 10 and 11, characterised in that the free outer edge (23a) of the web (23) extends parallel with the rear wall (2a) of the blade.
EP19910108569 1990-06-29 1991-05-27 Fan impeller Expired - Lifetime EP0463385B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4020742 1990-06-29
DE19904020742 DE4020742A1 (en) 1990-06-29 1990-06-29 IMPELLER FOR A FAN

Publications (3)

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EP0463385A2 EP0463385A2 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0463385A3 EP0463385A3 (en) 1992-02-12
EP0463385B1 true EP0463385B1 (en) 1996-08-14

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EP19910108569 Expired - Lifetime EP0463385B1 (en) 1990-06-29 1991-05-27 Fan impeller

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EP (1) EP0463385B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4020742A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2091263T3 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11767761B2 (en) 2018-08-02 2023-09-26 Horton, Inc. Low solidity vehicle cooling fan

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19710608B4 (en) * 1997-03-14 2007-10-31 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Axial fan for the radiator of an internal combustion engine
JP3998456B2 (en) * 2001-11-05 2007-10-24 アイシン化工株式会社 cooling fan
DE102009041616A1 (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-03-24 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Fan for an internal combustion engine
DE102010042325A1 (en) 2010-10-12 2012-04-12 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Fan with fan blades
USD860427S1 (en) 2017-09-18 2019-09-17 Horton, Inc. Ring fan

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JPS53125535A (en) * 1977-04-07 1978-11-01 Toyota Motor Corp Engine cooling fan
JPS53136712A (en) * 1977-05-03 1978-11-29 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Flexible fan
US4142844A (en) * 1977-05-31 1979-03-06 Allware Agencies Ltd. Fan blade assemblies for box fans
DE3304296A1 (en) * 1982-03-15 1983-09-15 Süddeutsche Kühlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr GmbH & Co KG, 7000 Stuttgart Axial fan impeller, especially for a cooling fan for water-cooled internal combustion engines

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11767761B2 (en) 2018-08-02 2023-09-26 Horton, Inc. Low solidity vehicle cooling fan

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2091263T3 (en) 1996-11-01
DE59108065D1 (en) 1996-09-19
DE4020742A1 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0463385A2 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0463385A3 (en) 1992-02-12

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