EP0463334B1 - Process and device for fixing heating resistances to a support - Google Patents

Process and device for fixing heating resistances to a support Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0463334B1
EP0463334B1 EP91107474A EP91107474A EP0463334B1 EP 0463334 B1 EP0463334 B1 EP 0463334B1 EP 91107474 A EP91107474 A EP 91107474A EP 91107474 A EP91107474 A EP 91107474A EP 0463334 B1 EP0463334 B1 EP 0463334B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clip
guidance means
heating resistor
support
clips
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91107474A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0463334A2 (en
EP0463334A3 (en
Inventor
Martin Gross
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
Original Assignee
EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH filed Critical EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH
Priority to DE9117132U priority Critical patent/DE9117132U1/en
Publication of EP0463334A2 publication Critical patent/EP0463334A2/en
Publication of EP0463334A3 publication Critical patent/EP0463334A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0463334B1 publication Critical patent/EP0463334B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
    • H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49082—Resistor making
    • Y10T29/49083—Heater type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/5313—Means to assemble electrical device
    • Y10T29/53196—Means to apply magnetic force directly to position or hold work part
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/5313—Means to assemble electrical device
    • Y10T29/532—Conductor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/5343—Means to drive self-piercing work part

Definitions

  • a radiation heating element for cooking purposes has become known in which helical heating resistors are attached to the surface of an insulating material consisting of a pressed silica airgel by means of U-shaped clamps which are driven into the carrier material. These clips are attached by means of pneumatically operated clip-setting devices, also called nailers below, which are guided and operated by hand. This is not only very time-consuming, but requires qualified workers who have to work with great care, because otherwise either damage to the support layer or improperly driven clips and thus the possibility of short-circuits in the operation of the heating element are given.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device with which the attachment of the heating resistors is facilitated by means of brackets and preferably also enables automation.
  • the heating resistors can be pre-positioned outside of the carrier area in their final form, for example a spiral course.
  • the application tool is then brought up to the carrier so that the heating resistors assume their desired position on the carrier.
  • the clamps can then be placed using clamp guide means.
  • the clip guide means can be formed directly by parts of the clip setting device, ie contain a guide or shot channel of the setting device.
  • the attachment tool could already contain several clip-setting devices at the intended locations. Since in such an embodiment the staple feeding to so many staple positions is quite complex, it can be useful to move one or more staple setting devices by hand or by automatic handling devices (industrial robots) to the staple guiding means, which in this case position the staple setting device.
  • the attachment tool contains only part of the firing channel.
  • the staple guiding means can be bores or sleeves in the application tool, to which the nose of the nailer containing the firing channel only has to be fed relatively roughly.
  • the nailer then positions itself or the clip properly.
  • an elastic insertion aid which is otherwise provided on the nailer, for example two spring plates compressed at their tips, can be provided on the attachment tool.
  • the helix looks for the right position by sending it away from the spring plates formed tip between the turns of the heating coil, engages and if necessary moves axially.
  • the clamp is therefore always placed between two heating coil turns over the wire section resting on the carrier.
  • the firing channel itself can also be integrated in the attachment tool, and the nailer can only use his drive and the staple feed e.g. with a shortened nose, to be positioned over it.
  • the heating coil guide can consist of a corresponding guide groove, in the area of which the heating coils are held, for example, by magnetic force.
  • the attachment tool is designed so that the magnetic force is weakened when lifting so that it becomes weaker than the holding force of the clips, so that the heating coils remain on the carrier when the attachment tool is lifted off.
  • Heating elements especially radiant heating elements, which are produced by the method according to the invention. They differ from other heating elements in that the clamps are repetitively regular and precisely aligned. With them, the heating resistor can be attached directly and without an intermediate layer on the surface of a very little abrasion-resistant carrier pressed from powder-like material.
  • an electric radiant heater 11 which is arranged, for example, for heating a hotplate below a glass ceramic plate 10. It contains, in a sheet metal shell 12, a carrier made of highly heat-resistant insulating material, in particular a slightly compressed molded body made of a very light pourable, mineral insulating material such as fumed silica airgel. This material has very good thermal insulation properties with good heat resistance, but with low mechanical strength properties and low abrasion resistance.
  • the material is introduced into the sheet metal shell 12 as bulk material and pressed there with a stamp or introduced as a pre-compact where it forms a layer, ie a flat bottom 15.
  • a peripheral edge 14 is inserted after the helix attachment by a separate ring made of material with better mechanical strength properties, such as fibrous insulating material (Fiberfrax). It is also possible to attach the heating resistor to a carrier outside the sheet metal shell and to insert the resulting unit.
  • a separate ring made of material with better mechanical strength properties, such as fibrous insulating material (Fiberfrax). It is also possible to attach the heating resistor to a carrier outside the sheet metal shell and to insert the resulting unit.
  • brackets 20 are driven at intervals between the spiral windings 18, which are essentially U-shaped and engage with their two free legs in the carrier material. From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the brackets are set somewhat obliquely to reach between two turns 18.
  • a clamp arrangement which extends over an upper section of the heating resistor and thereby encloses practically the entire coil, is possible, but less advantageous, because it does not allow reliable axial fixing and receives greater self-heating.
  • the heating coils can be arranged in the usual way in a spiral or in another pattern on the surface 17 and preferably lie in slight groove-like depressions.
  • the arrangement on the surface and the definition only by means of the brackets is also possible.
  • One or more heating resistors per radiant heater can be provided.
  • Fig. 3 shows an attachment tool 21 which has the basic shape of a disk which fits into the interior 22 formed within the sheet metal shell 12 of the radiant heater. It has on its upper, essentially flat working surface in FIG. 3 23 guide means 24 in the form of grooves or grooves which are designed in accordance with the desired spiral course of the heating resistors and accommodate the heating resistors 16 therein.
  • the application tool is made of a disc 30 made of non-ferromagnetic material, e.g. Gunmetal, and a disc 31 made of ferromagnetic material.
  • magnets 45 are arranged below the guide means or grooves 24 on the disc 31 in recesses of the disc 30, which hold the heating elements 16 in the grooves with a predetermined force that is sufficient, in order to keep the heating resistors in the groove when they are upside down.
  • Other types of fastening are also possible here, for example slight lateral clamping in the groove or the like.
  • clamp guide means 25 are provided at intervals from one another, which in the present example have openings which pass through the attachment tool designed as a double disc.
  • a sleeve 27 is inserted, which holds resilient positioning plates as the positioning device 28.
  • These positioning plates are two resilient plates which run parallel to one another and which are fastened to the sleeve 27 in the region of the lower collar in FIG.
  • the positioning device 28 thus formed is arranged under such a slope that its tip can grip between two turns 18 of a heating resistor.
  • the gap 29 which is formed between the two metal sheets and is closed when it is inserted is arranged such that it lies just below the working surface 23.
  • the attachment tool 21 is in the position shown in Figure 3, i.e. with the working surface 23 facing upwards, with the heating resistors 16 prepared for insertion, by inserting them into the grooves 24. They are fixed there by the magnets 45 held between the two disks 30, 31.
  • the lower disk 31 is made of ferromagnetic material and serves as a magnetic holding disk or as a yoke.
  • the resilient positioning device 28 ensures that its wedge-shaped tip engages with the gap 29 between two heating coil turns 18. An additional relief for the even insertion of the heating coil into the grooves 24 could be achieved if the positioning device 28 is moved out of the area of the groove 24 during the insertion by mechanically withdrawing the plate 31 with the sleeves 27 downward.
  • the positioning device After insertion, the positioning device is then retracted into the groove area and is threaded between the turns, e.g. this can be made even easier by applying a vibration to the attachment tool. Whether this additional measure is necessary depends on the spiral pitch and the flexibility of the heating resistors.
  • the attachment tool 21 is then pivoted through 180 °, for example by a schematically indicated pivoting device 46 (FIG. 4), and is placed with the working surface 23 down on the surface 17 of the carrier 13.
  • a schematically indicated pivoting device 46 FIG. 4
  • the heating coil can be pressed into the surface 17 of the carrier 13 at the same time, so that they are already from itself receives a certain lateral guidance.
  • Such a groove 33 in the carrier can also be provided when the carrier material is pressed. If the groove 24 is approximately as deep as the helix diameter, the heating resistor is arranged on the surface 17.
  • the nail nose is wedge-shaped at its end corresponding to these sheets. It reaches through the opening 26.
  • the slot 29 opens slightly and a U-shaped bracket 20 is driven into the carrier 13 through the shot channel 35 and the guide channel 40 between the spring plates.
  • Both the transverse positioning of the nail nose and its height position are determined by the engagement in the clamp guide means 25.
  • the surface 37 adjoining the nose 36 can rest against the sleeve 27 in the correct positioning. It is also possible, for example, to determine the orientation of the nailer by means of a cooperating profile on the nailer and attachment tool in such a way that the clamp 20 is set at the correct incline (FIG. 2) corresponding to the helix pitch.
  • an automatic handling device industrial robot
  • any other to remove the nailer 34 mechanical device.
  • a corresponding number of the clamp guide means 25 are provided, which are operated in succession by the nailer.
  • the application tool is lifted off again, the heating resistor, which is now held by the clips which have penetrated into the carrier, being released from the grooves.
  • the ferromagnetic plate 31 is lifted, on which the magnets adhere, so that the magnetic force acting on the heating resistor is reduced or canceled. After turning the application tool, it can be loaded again.
  • Fig. 5 shows a particularly simple embodiment, where the clamp guide means each consist of a hole in the attachment tool 21 and a positioning device 28 ', which consists of two spring plates, which are attached to the working surface 23 opposite surface of the attachment tool 21 and in the area the opening 26 to run in a V-shape.
  • Fig. 6 shows an embodiment in which the clamp guide means 25 b in a sleeve 27 b contain part of the shot channel of the nailer.
  • Positioning devices 28 are again provided on the underside of the sleeve in the form of two spring plates which are pressed together and pressed together in a spring manner.
  • the nailer 34 has a shortened shot channel 35 a and the driver 37 of the nailer, ie the tool that moves the clip down in the shot channel, penetrates into this extended shot channel 35 b in the sleeve 27 b and drives the clip 20 in their final position. It must be ensured that the weft channels 35 a in the nailer and 35 b in the sleeve are well aligned, for example by centering means, not shown, between nailer 34 and sleeve 27 b.
  • This embodiment would also be suitable for use on the nailing tool provided with nailing tools, the nailing nose instead of the sleeve 27b reaching into the end position.
  • This version is very advantageous for particularly economical series production if the number of clips is not too large.
  • FIG. 7 the shot channel 35 b can be seen with insertion bevels.
  • This version is very advantageous for the automatic guidance of the nailer because the nailer must be guided by a handling device 48 (FIG. 6) only in one plane and the nailer nose does not have to be immersed in the attachment tool.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)
  • Details Of Resistors (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Abstract

A fitment tool (21) is used for fixing a heating coil (16) on a dielectric material support (13). The heating coils (16) are inserted in slots (24) therein and are held firmly by a magnetic force. Provided in openings (26) in the tool (21) are sprung positioning devices (28) into which the tab (36) of a nail driver (24) can be inserted in order to fix the heating coil on the support (13) by means of brackets. <IMAGE>

Description

Aus der DE-A-23 39 768 ist ein Strahlungs-Heizelement für Kochzwecke bekannt geworden, bei dem wendelförmige Heizwiderstände auf der Oberfläche eines aus einem gepressten Kieselsäure-Aerogel bestehenden Isoliermaterials mittels U-förmigen Klammern befestigt sind, die in das Trägermaterial hineingetrieben sind. Das Anbringen dieser Klammern erfolgt mittels pneumatisch betätigter Klammersetzgeräte, im folgenden auch Nagler genannt, die von Hand geführt und betätigt werden. Dies ist nicht nur sehr zeitaufwendig, sondern erfordert qualifizierte Arbeitskräfte, die mit großer Sorgfalt arbeiten müssen, weil sonst entweder Beschädigungen der Trägerschicht oder unsauber eingetriebene Klammern und damit die Möglichkeit zu Kurzschlüssen im Betrieb des Heizelementes gegeben sind.From DE-A-23 39 768 a radiation heating element for cooking purposes has become known in which helical heating resistors are attached to the surface of an insulating material consisting of a pressed silica airgel by means of U-shaped clamps which are driven into the carrier material. These clips are attached by means of pneumatically operated clip-setting devices, also called nailers below, which are guided and operated by hand. This is not only very time-consuming, but requires qualified workers who have to work with great care, because otherwise either damage to the support layer or improperly driven clips and thus the possibility of short-circuits in the operation of the heating element are given.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit dem die Anbringung der Heizwiderstände mittels Klammern erleichtert wird und vorzugsweise auch eine Automatisierung ermöglicht wird.The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device with which the attachment of the heating resistors is facilitated by means of brackets and preferably also enables automation.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Ansprüche 1 und 10 gelöst.This object is solved by claims 1 and 10.

Durch das Anbringungswerkzeug können die Heizwiderstände außerhalb des Trägerbereiches in ihrer endgültigen Form, beispielsweise einem spiraligen Verlauf, vorpositioniert werden. Das Anbringungswerkzeug wird dann an den Träger herangeführt, so daß die Heizwiderstände ihre gewünschte Position auf dem Träger einnehmen. Dann können durch Klammerführungsmittel die Klammern gesetzt werden. Dies kann auf verschiedene Weise geschehen: Die Klammerführungsmittel können unmittelbar durch Teile des Klammersetzgerätes gebildet sein, d.h. einen Führungs-oder Schußkanal des Setzgerätes enthalten. In diesem Falle könnte das Anbringungswerkzeug bereits mehrere Klammersetzgeräte an den vorgesehenen Stellen enthalten. Da bei einer solchen Ausführung die Klammerzuführung zu so vielen Klammerpositionen recht aufwendig ist, kann es sinnvoll sein, ein oder mehrere Klammersetzgeräte von Hand oder durch automatische Handhabungsgeräte (Industrieroboter) zu den Klammerführungsmitteln zu bewegen, die in diesem Fall das Klammersetzgerät positionieren. Es ist auch möglich, daß das Anbringungswerkzeug nur einen Teil des Schußkanals enthält. Die Klammerführungsmittel können Bohrungen oder Hülsen in dem Anbringungswerkzeug sein, denen die den Schußkanal enthaltende Nase des Naglers nur relativ grob zugeführt werden muß. Der Nagler positioniert sich dann selbst bzw. die Klammer einwandfrei.
Dabei kann eine sonst an dem Nagler vorgesehene elastische Einführhilfe, beispielsweise zwei an ihrer Spitze zusammengedrückte Federbleche, am Anbringungswerkzeug vorgesehen sein. Beim Einbringen sucht sich die Wendel die richtige Position in dem sie sich so verschickt, daß die von den Federblechen gebildete Spitze zwischen die Windungen der Heizwendel, greift und diese ggf. axial bewegt. Die Klammer wird also stets zwischen zwei Heizwendelwindungen über den auf dem Träger aufliegenden Drahtabschnitt gesetzt.With the application tool, the heating resistors can be pre-positioned outside of the carrier area in their final form, for example a spiral course. The application tool is then brought up to the carrier so that the heating resistors assume their desired position on the carrier. The clamps can then be placed using clamp guide means. This can be done in different ways: The clip guide means can be formed directly by parts of the clip setting device, ie contain a guide or shot channel of the setting device. In this case, the attachment tool could already contain several clip-setting devices at the intended locations. Since in such an embodiment the staple feeding to so many staple positions is quite complex, it can be useful to move one or more staple setting devices by hand or by automatic handling devices (industrial robots) to the staple guiding means, which in this case position the staple setting device. It is also possible that the attachment tool contains only part of the firing channel. The staple guiding means can be bores or sleeves in the application tool, to which the nose of the nailer containing the firing channel only has to be fed relatively roughly. The nailer then positions itself or the clip properly.
In this case, an elastic insertion aid, which is otherwise provided on the nailer, for example two spring plates compressed at their tips, can be provided on the attachment tool. When inserting, the helix looks for the right position by sending it away from the spring plates formed tip between the turns of the heating coil, engages and if necessary moves axially. The clamp is therefore always placed between two heating coil turns over the wire section resting on the carrier.

Der Schußkanal kann auch selbst in dem Anbringungswerkzeug integriert sein und der Nagler kann lediglich mit seinem Antrieb und der Klammerzuführung z.B. mit verkürzter Nase, darüber positioniert werden.The firing channel itself can also be integrated in the attachment tool, and the nailer can only use his drive and the staple feed e.g. with a shortened nose, to be positioned over it.

Die Heizwendelführung kann aus einer entsprechenden Führungsnut bestehen, in deren Bereich die Heizwendeln beispielsweise durch Magnetkraft gehalten werden. Das Anbringungswerkzeug ist so ausgebildet, daß die Magnetkraft beim Abheben so geschwächt wird, daß sie schwächer wird als die Haltekraft der Klammern, so daß beim Abheben des Anbringungswerkzeugs die Heizwendeln auf dem Träger verbleiben.The heating coil guide can consist of a corresponding guide groove, in the area of which the heating coils are held, for example, by magnetic force. The attachment tool is designed so that the magnetic force is weakened when lifting so that it becomes weaker than the holding force of the clips, so that the heating coils remain on the carrier when the attachment tool is lifted off.

Schutz wird auch begehrt für Heizelemente, insbesondere Strahlungsheizelemente, die nach dem Verfahren gemäß der Erfindung hergestellt werden. Sie unterscheiden sich von anderen Heizelementen durch eine wiederholbar regelmäßige und genau ausgerichtete Positionierung der Klammern. Bei ihnen kann der Heizwiderstand direkt und ohne eine Zwischenschicht auf der Oberfläche eines sehr wenig abriebfesten, aus pulverartigem Material gepressten Trägers angebracht sein.Protection is also sought after for heating elements, especially radiant heating elements, which are produced by the method according to the invention. They differ from other heating elements in that the clamps are repetitively regular and precisely aligned. With them, the heating resistor can be attached directly and without an intermediate layer on the surface of a very little abrasion-resistant carrier pressed from powder-like material.

Diese und weitere Merkmale von bevorzugten Weiterbildungen der Erfindung gehen außer aus den Ansprüchen auch aus der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen hervor. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig.1
eine Teilansicht eines Heizelementes mit mittels Klammern angebrachtem Heizwiderstand,
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf das in Figur 1 dargestellte Detail,
Fig. 3
eine perspektivische, geschnittene Teilansicht eines Anbringungswerkzeuges,
Fig. 4
einen Teilschnitt durch das Werkzeug nach Figur 3 in seiner Positionierung am Träger,
Fig. 5
eine Variante von Klammerführungsmitteln,
Fig. 6
eine Variante eines Klammerführungsmittels und
Fig. 7
einen Schnitt nach der Linie VII in Figur 6.
These and other features of preferred developments of the invention emerge from the description and the drawings in addition to the claims. Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are explained in more detail below. The drawings show:
Fig. 1
2 shows a partial view of a heating element with a heating resistor attached by means of clips,
Fig. 2
2 shows a plan view of the detail shown in FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
2 shows a perspective, sectional partial view of an application tool,
Fig. 4
3 shows a partial section through the tool according to FIG. 3 in its positioning on the carrier,
Fig. 5
a variant of clip guide means,
Fig. 6
a variant of a clip guide means and
Fig. 7
a section along the line VII in Figure 6.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen elektrischen Strahlheizkörper 11, der beispielsweise zur Beheizung einer Kochstelle unterhalb einer Glaskeramikplatte 10 angeordnet ist. Er enthält in einer Blechschale 12 einen Träger aus hochwärmebeständigem Isoliermaterial, insbesondere einem leicht verpressten Formkörper aus einem sehr leichten schüttfähigen, mineralischem Isoliermaterial wie pyrogenem Kieselsäure-Aerogel. Dieses Material hat sehr gute thermische Isoliereigenschaften bei guter Wärmebeständigkeit, jedoch bei geringen mechanischen Festigkeitseigenschaften und geringer Abriebfestigkeit. Das Material wird als Schüttmaterial in die Blechschale 12 eingebracht und dort mit einem Stempel verpresst oder als Vorpressling eingebracht, wo es eine Schicht, d.h. eine ebenen Boden 15 bildet. Einem umlaufender Rand 14 wird nach der Wendelanbringung durch einen gesonderten Ring aus Material mit besseren mechanischen Festigkeitseigenschaften eingelegt, wie aus beispielsweise fasrigem Isoliermaterial (Fiberfrax). Es ist auch möglich, die Befestigung des Heizwiderstandes an einem Träger außerhalb der Blechschale vorzunehmen und die entstehende Einheit einzulegen.1 shows an electric radiant heater 11 which is arranged, for example, for heating a hotplate below a glass ceramic plate 10. It contains, in a sheet metal shell 12, a carrier made of highly heat-resistant insulating material, in particular a slightly compressed molded body made of a very light pourable, mineral insulating material such as fumed silica airgel. This material has very good thermal insulation properties with good heat resistance, but with low mechanical strength properties and low abrasion resistance. The material is introduced into the sheet metal shell 12 as bulk material and pressed there with a stamp or introduced as a pre-compact where it forms a layer, ie a flat bottom 15. A peripheral edge 14 is inserted after the helix attachment by a separate ring made of material with better mechanical strength properties, such as fibrous insulating material (Fiberfrax). It is also possible to attach the heating resistor to a carrier outside the sheet metal shell and to insert the resulting unit.

Um auf der Oberfläche 17 des Bodens 15 des Trägers 13 einen wendelförmigen Heizwiderstand zu befestigen, werden in Abständen Klammern 20 zwischen die Wendelwindungen 18 eingetrieben, die im wesentlichen U-förmig sind und mit ihren beiden freien Schenkeln in das Trägermaterial hineingreifen. Aus Fig. 2 ist zu erkennen, daß die Klammern etwas schräg gesetzt werden, um zwischen zwei Windungen 18 hindurch zu greifen. Eine Klammeranordnung, die über einen oberen Abschnitt des Heizwiderstandes greift und dabei praktisch die ganze Wendel umschliesst, ist möglich, aber weniger vorteilhaft, weil sie keine sichere Axialfestlegung ermöglicht und eine größere Eigenerwärmung erhält.In order to attach a helical heating resistor to the surface 17 of the bottom 15 of the carrier 13, brackets 20 are driven at intervals between the spiral windings 18, which are essentially U-shaped and engage with their two free legs in the carrier material. From Fig. 2 it can be seen that the brackets are set somewhat obliquely to reach between two turns 18. A clamp arrangement, which extends over an upper section of the heating resistor and thereby encloses practically the entire coil, is possible, but less advantageous, because it does not allow reliable axial fixing and receives greater self-heating.

Die Heizwendeln können in üblicher Weise spiralförmig oder in einem anderen Muster auf der Oberfläche 17 angeordnet sein und vorzugsweise in leichten rillenartigen Vertiefungen liegen. Die Anordnung auf der Oberfläche und die Festlegung nur mittels der Klammern ist auch möglich. Es können ein oder mehrere Heizwiderstände je Strahlheizkörper vorgesehen sein.The heating coils can be arranged in the usual way in a spiral or in another pattern on the surface 17 and preferably lie in slight groove-like depressions. The arrangement on the surface and the definition only by means of the brackets is also possible. One or more heating resistors per radiant heater can be provided.

Fig. 3 zeigt ein Anbringungswerkzeug 21, das die Grundform einer Scheibe hat, die in den innerhalb der Blechschale 12 des Strahlheizkörpers gebildeten Innenraum 22 paßt. Es hat an seiner in Figur 3 oberen, im wesentlichen ebenen Arbeitsfläche 23 Führungsmittel 24 in Form von Nuten oder Rillen, die entsprechend dem gewünschten spiraligen Verlauf der Heizwiderstände ausgebildet sind und die Heizwiderstände 16 darin aufnehmen.Fig. 3 shows an attachment tool 21 which has the basic shape of a disk which fits into the interior 22 formed within the sheet metal shell 12 of the radiant heater. It has on its upper, essentially flat working surface in FIG. 3 23 guide means 24 in the form of grooves or grooves which are designed in accordance with the desired spiral course of the heating resistors and accommodate the heating resistors 16 therein.

Das Anbringungswerkzeug ist aus einer Scheibe 30 aus nicht ferromagnetischem Material, z.B. Rotguß, und einer Scheibe 31 aus ferromagnetischem Material aufgebaut. Zum Festhalten der Heizwiderstände, die meist aus einem ferromagnetischen Material bestehen, sind unterhalb der Führungsmittel oder Nuten 24 auf der Scheibe 31 in Vertiefungen der Scheibe 30 reichende Magnete 45 angeordnet, die die Heizelemente 16 in den Nuten mit einer vorgegebenen Kraft festhalten, die ausreicht, um bei Überkopflage die Heizwiderstände in der Nut zu halten. Hier sind auch andere Befestigungsarten möglich, beispielsweise leichte seitliche Klemmung in der Nut oder dgl.The application tool is made of a disc 30 made of non-ferromagnetic material, e.g. Gunmetal, and a disc 31 made of ferromagnetic material. To hold the heating resistors, which usually consist of a ferromagnetic material, magnets 45 are arranged below the guide means or grooves 24 on the disc 31 in recesses of the disc 30, which hold the heating elements 16 in the grooves with a predetermined force that is sufficient, in order to keep the heating resistors in the groove when they are upside down. Other types of fastening are also possible here, for example slight lateral clamping in the groove or the like.

Im Bereich der Führungsmittel 24 sind in Abständen voneinander Klammerführungsmittel 25 vorgesehen, die im vorliegenden Beispiel Öffnungen aufweisen, die durch das als Doppelscheibe ausgebildete Anbringungswerkzeug hindurchgehen. Auf der der Arbeitsfläche entgegengesetzten Seite ist eine Hülse 27 eingesetzt, die als Positioniereinrichtung 28 federnde Positionierbleche hält. Diese Positionierbleche sind zwei parallel zueinander verlaufende federnde Bleche, die im Bereich des in Fig. 3 unteren Bundes der Hülse 27 an dieser befestigt sind und im Bereich der Arbeitsfläche 23 keilförmig aufeinander zulaufen und aneinander anliegen. Die dadurch gebildete Positioniereinrichtung 28 ist unter einer solchen Schräge angeordnet, daß ihre Spitze zwischen zwei Windungen 18 eines Heizwiderstandes greifen kann. Dazu ist der zwischen den beiden Blechen ausgebildete beim Einlegen geschlossene Spalt 29 so angeordnet, daß er kurz unterhalb der Arbeitsfläche 23 liegt.In the area of the guide means 24, clamp guide means 25 are provided at intervals from one another, which in the present example have openings which pass through the attachment tool designed as a double disc. On the side opposite the work surface, a sleeve 27 is inserted, which holds resilient positioning plates as the positioning device 28. These positioning plates are two resilient plates which run parallel to one another and which are fastened to the sleeve 27 in the region of the lower collar in FIG. The positioning device 28 thus formed is arranged under such a slope that its tip can grip between two turns 18 of a heating resistor. For this purpose, the gap 29 which is formed between the two metal sheets and is closed when it is inserted is arranged such that it lies just below the working surface 23.

Mit Hilfe dieser Vorrichtung kann folgendes Verfahren ausgeführt werden:The following method can be carried out with the aid of this device:

Das Anbringungswerkzeug 21 wird in der in Figur 3 dargestellten Lage, d.h. mit der Arbeitsfläche 23 nach oben, mit den zum Einlegen vorbereiteten Heizwiderständen 16 versehen, indem diese in die Nuten 24 eingelegt werden. Sie werden dort durch die zwischen den beiden Scheiben 30, 31 gehaltenen Magneten 45 festgelegt. Die untere Scheibe 31 ist aus ferromagnetischem Material und dient als Magnethaltescheibe bzw. als Joch. Die federnde Positioniereinrichtung 28 sorgt dafür, daß ihre keilförmige Spitze mit dem Spalt 29 zwischen zwei Heizwendelwindungen 18 eingreift. Eine zusätzliche Erleichterung für das gleichmäßige Einlegen der Heizwendel in die Rillen 24 könnte erreicht werden, wenn die Positioniereinrichtung 28 während des Einlegens durch mechanisches Zurückziehen der Platte 31 mit den Hülsen 27 nach unten aus dem Bereich der Nut 24 herausgefahren werden. Nach dem Einlegen wird dann die Positioniereinrichtung wieder in den Nutbereich eingefahren und fädelt sich zwischen die Windungen ein, wobei z.B. durch Aufbringen einer Vibration auf das Anbringungswerkzeug dies noch erleichtert werden kann. Ob diese Zusatzmaßnahme nötig ist, hängt von der Wendelsteigung und Flexibilität der Heizwiderstände ab.The attachment tool 21 is in the position shown in Figure 3, i.e. with the working surface 23 facing upwards, with the heating resistors 16 prepared for insertion, by inserting them into the grooves 24. They are fixed there by the magnets 45 held between the two disks 30, 31. The lower disk 31 is made of ferromagnetic material and serves as a magnetic holding disk or as a yoke. The resilient positioning device 28 ensures that its wedge-shaped tip engages with the gap 29 between two heating coil turns 18. An additional relief for the even insertion of the heating coil into the grooves 24 could be achieved if the positioning device 28 is moved out of the area of the groove 24 during the insertion by mechanically withdrawing the plate 31 with the sleeves 27 downward. After insertion, the positioning device is then retracted into the groove area and is threaded between the turns, e.g. this can be made even easier by applying a vibration to the attachment tool. Whether this additional measure is necessary depends on the spiral pitch and the flexibility of the heating resistors.

Danach wird das Anbringungswerkzeug 21, z.B. durch eine schematische angedeutete Schwenkeinrichtung 46 (Fig. 4) um 180 ° geschwenkt und mit der Arbeitsfläche 23 nach unten auf die Oberfläche 17 des Trägers 13 aufgesetzt. Dabei kann, wenn die Rille 24 im Anbringungswerkzeug weniger tief ist als der Wendeldurchmesser, die Heizwendel gleichzeitig in die Oberfläche 17 des Trägers 13 eingepresst werden, so daß sie schon von selbst eine gewisse Seitenführung erhält. Eine solche Rille 33 im Träger kann aber auch bereits beim Pressen des Trägermaterials vorgesehen werden. Wenn die Nut 24 etwa so tief ist wie der Wendeldurchmesser, dann wird der Heizwiderstand auf der Oberfläche 17 angeordnet.The attachment tool 21 is then pivoted through 180 °, for example by a schematically indicated pivoting device 46 (FIG. 4), and is placed with the working surface 23 down on the surface 17 of the carrier 13. Here, if the groove 24 in the attachment tool is less deep than the coil diameter, the heating coil can be pressed into the surface 17 of the carrier 13 at the same time, so that they are already from itself receives a certain lateral guidance. Such a groove 33 in the carrier can also be provided when the carrier material is pressed. If the groove 24 is approximately as deep as the helix diameter, the heating resistor is arranged on the surface 17.

Danach wird ein Klammersetzgerät oder Nagler 34 im übrigen üblicher Bauart mit seinem Schußkanal 35, der im Bereich einer Nase 36 liegt, in die Positioniereinrichtung 28, d.h. zwischen die Federbleche eingeführt. Die Naglernase ist entsprechend diesen Blechen an ihrem Ende keilförmig ausgebildet. Sie greift durch die Öffnung 26 hindurch. Wenn der Nagler betätigt wird, öffnet sich der Schlitz 29 etwas, und eine U-förmige Klammer 20 wird durch den Schußkanal 35 und den Führungskanal 40 zwischen den Federblechen in den Träger 13 hineingetrieben. Dabei ist sowohl die Querpositionierung der Naglernase als auch ihre Höhenposition durch das Eingreifen in die Klammerführungsmittel 25 bestimmt. Beispielsweise kann die an die Nase 36 anschließende Fläche 37 in der richtigen Positionierung an der Hülse 27 anliegen. Es ist auch möglich, z.B durch eine zusammenwirkende Profilierung an Nagler und Anbringungswerkzeug die Ausrichtung des Naglers so zu bestimmen, daß die Klammer 20 in der richtigen, der Wendelsteigung entsprechenden Schräge (Fig.2) gesetzt wird.Thereafter, a stapling device or nailer 34 of the usual design with its shot channel 35, which lies in the area of a nose 36, is inserted into the positioning device 28, i.e. inserted between the spring plates. The nail nose is wedge-shaped at its end corresponding to these sheets. It reaches through the opening 26. When the nailer is actuated, the slot 29 opens slightly and a U-shaped bracket 20 is driven into the carrier 13 through the shot channel 35 and the guide channel 40 between the spring plates. Both the transverse positioning of the nail nose and its height position are determined by the engagement in the clamp guide means 25. For example, the surface 37 adjoining the nose 36 can rest against the sleeve 27 in the correct positioning. It is also possible, for example, to determine the orientation of the nailer by means of a cooperating profile on the nailer and attachment tool in such a way that the clamp 20 is set at the correct incline (FIG. 2) corresponding to the helix pitch.

Wenn also der Nagler von Hand herangeführt und betätigt wird, so kann dies mit wesentlich weniger Sorgfalt, jedoch schneller und trotzdem genauer erfolgen als ohne das Anbringungswerkzeug, weil nur noch darauf zu achten ist, daß die Nase 36 überhaupt in die Positioniereinrichtung 28 hineingeführt wird. Alles andere ergibt sich dann automatisch.So if the nailer is brought up and operated by hand, this can be done with much less care, but faster and still more accurately than without the attachment tool, because it is only necessary to ensure that the nose 36 is inserted into the positioning device 28 at all. Everything else then arises automatically.

Es ist aber auch möglich, den Nagler 34 durch ein automatisches Handhabungsgerät (Industrieroboter) oder jede andere mechanische Vorrichtung führen zu lassen. Von den Klammerführungsmitteln 25 sind entsprechend der gewünschten Klammeranzahl im Strahlheizkörper entsprechend viele vorgesehen, die nacheinander von dem Nagler bedient werden. Nachdem dies geschehen ist, wird das Anbringungswerkzeug wieder abgehoben, wobei sich der Heizwiderstand, der nunmehr von den in den Träger eingedrungenen Klammern gehalten wird, aus den Nuten löst. Dabei wird zuerst die ferromagnetische Platte 31 abgehoben, auf der die Magnete haften, so daß die auf den Heizwiderstand wirkende Magnetkraft verringert oder aufgehoben wird. Nach Wenden des Anbringungswerkzeuges kann es dann wieder beschickt werden.However, it is also possible to use an automatic handling device (industrial robot) or any other to remove the nailer 34 mechanical device. Corresponding to the desired number of clamps in the radiant heater, a corresponding number of the clamp guide means 25 are provided, which are operated in succession by the nailer. After this has been done, the application tool is lifted off again, the heating resistor, which is now held by the clips which have penetrated into the carrier, being released from the grooves. First, the ferromagnetic plate 31 is lifted, on which the magnets adhere, so that the magnetic force acting on the heating resistor is reduced or canceled. After turning the application tool, it can be loaded again.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine besonders einfache Ausführung, wo die Klammerführungsmittel nur je aus einer Bohrung in dem Anbringungswerkzeug 21 und einer Positioniereinrichtung 28′ bestehen, die aus zwei Federblechen besteht, die auf der der Arbeitsfläche 23 gegenüberliegenden Fläche des Anbringungswerkzeugs 21 befestigt sind und im Bereich der Öffnung 26 V-förmig aufeinander zu verlaufen.Fig. 5 shows a particularly simple embodiment, where the clamp guide means each consist of a hole in the attachment tool 21 and a positioning device 28 ', which consists of two spring plates, which are attached to the working surface 23 opposite surface of the attachment tool 21 and in the area the opening 26 to run in a V-shape.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine Ausführung, bei der die Klammerführungsmittel 25 b in einer Hülse 27 b einen Teil des Schußkanals des Naglers enthalten. An der Unterseite der Hülse sind wiederum Positioniereinrichtungen 28 in Form zweier aufeinanderzugehender und federnd aneinandergepresster Federbleche vorgesehen. In diesem Fall hat der Nagler 34 einen verkürzten Schußkanal 35 a und der Treiber 37 des Naglers, d.h. das Werkzeug, das die Klammer im Schußkanal nach unten bewegt, dringt in diesen verlängerten Schußkanal 35 b in der Hülse 27 b ein und treibt die Klammer 20 in ihre Endposition. Hier muß dafür gesorgt werden, daß die Schußkanäle 35 a im Nagler und 35 b in der Hülse gut miteinander fluchten, beispielsweise durch nicht dargestellte Zentriermittel zwischen Nagler 34 und Hülse 27 b.Fig. 6 shows an embodiment in which the clamp guide means 25 b in a sleeve 27 b contain part of the shot channel of the nailer. Positioning devices 28 are again provided on the underside of the sleeve in the form of two spring plates which are pressed together and pressed together in a spring manner. In this case, the nailer 34 has a shortened shot channel 35 a and the driver 37 of the nailer, ie the tool that moves the clip down in the shot channel, penetrates into this extended shot channel 35 b in the sleeve 27 b and drives the clip 20 in their final position. It must be ensured that the weft channels 35 a in the nailer and 35 b in the sleeve are well aligned, for example by centering means, not shown, between nailer 34 and sleeve 27 b.

Diese Ausführung würde sich auch zum Einsatz am Anbringungswerkzeug fest vorgesehenen Nagler eignen, wobei statt der Hülse 27 b die Naglernase bis in die Endposition reichen könnte. Für eine besonders wirtschaftliche Serienfertigung bei nicht zu großer Klammeranzahl ist diese Ausführung sehr vorteilhaft.This embodiment would also be suitable for use on the nailing tool provided with nailing tools, the nailing nose instead of the sleeve 27b reaching into the end position. This version is very advantageous for particularly economical series production if the number of clips is not too large.

Aus Fig. 7 ist der Schußkanal 35 b mit Einführschrägen zu erkennen. Diese Ausführung ist zur automatischen Führung des Naglers sehr vorteilhaft, weil die Führung des Naglers durch ein Handhabungsgerät 48 (Fig. 6) nur in einer Ebene zu erfolgen hat und die Naglernase nicht in das Anbringungswerkzeug eintauchen muß.From Fig. 7 the shot channel 35 b can be seen with insertion bevels. This version is very advantageous for the automatic guidance of the nailer because the nailer must be guided by a handling device 48 (FIG. 6) only in one plane and the nailer nose does not have to be immersed in the attachment tool.

Claims (14)

  1. Method for fixing at least one, preferably helical heating resistor (16) to a support (15) made from heat resistant insulating material by means of clips (20) driven into the support (15) by means of a mechanical clip fitting device (34), characterized in that the heating resistor (16) is detachably fitted to the heating resistor guidance means (24) of an attaching tool (21) in its desired configuration, is positioned together with the attaching tool (21) relative to a surface (17) of the support (13) and the clips (20) are fitted and then the attaching tool (21) is removed, accompanied by the removal of the heating resistor (16) from the support (15).
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized by clip guidance means (25) provided along the heating resistance guidance means (24) in the attaching tool (21).
  3. Method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the clips (20) in each case engage over a heating resistor turn (18) on the side thereof engaging on the support (13).
  4. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the detachable fitting of the heating resistor (16) is carried out or assisted by means of a magnetic force, which is preferably variable during the performance of the method.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating resistor is placed in guidance means (24) formed by grooves of the attaching tool (21) and optionally clip guidance means provided therein.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support (15) is made from a microporous silicic acid-aerogel.
  7. Method according to one of the claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the clip guidance means (25) are made resilient for the passage of the clips (20).
  8. Method according to one of the claims 2 to 7, characterized in that following the fitting of the helical heating resistor (16) the clip guidance means (25) are movable between the heating coils, optionally accompanied by vibrations.
  9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that up to the clip guidance means (25) of the attaching tool (21) is optionally successively moved at least one clip setting device (34) and through the clip guidance means in each case one clip (20) is introduced into the support (13), the clip setting device (34) being preferably guided by an automatic industrial robot (48).
  10. Apparatus for fixing at least one preferably helical heating resistor (16) to a support (13) made from heat resistant insulating material by means of clips (20) driven into the support (13) by a mechanical clip setting device (34), characterized by an attaching tool (21) for positioning the clip (20) relative to the heating resistor (16).
  11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the attaching tool (21) has heating resistor guidance means (24) in the form of grooves (24) for the detachable fitting of the heating resistor (16) in its desired configuration to the said tool (21).
  12. Apparatus according to claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the attaching tool (21) has numerous clip guidance means (25) and they directly or indirectly guide the clips (20) to be driven in and preferably the clip guidance means (25) have a resilient positioning device (28) for the passage of the clips (20) and which bound a guidance channel (29, 40) for the clips.
  13. Apparatus according to one of the claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the clip guidance means are constructed for receiving, guiding and optionally positioning a part (36) of the clip fitting device (34) and/or the clip guidance means (25a) have at least part of a firing channel (35b) through which the clips (20) are moved by a driver (37).
  14. Apparatus according to one of the claims 10 to 13, characterized in that magnetic components (45) act in the vicinity of the heating coil guidance means (24), the magnetic force thereof acting on the coil being preferably variable.
EP91107474A 1990-06-22 1991-05-08 Process and device for fixing heating resistances to a support Expired - Lifetime EP0463334B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9117132U DE9117132U1 (en) 1990-06-22 1991-05-08 Heating element and device for mounting heating resistors on a carrier thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4019898A DE4019898A1 (en) 1990-06-22 1990-06-22 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FIXING HEATING RESISTORS ON A CARRIER
DE4019898 1990-06-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0463334A2 EP0463334A2 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0463334A3 EP0463334A3 (en) 1992-08-26
EP0463334B1 true EP0463334B1 (en) 1995-10-04

Family

ID=6408867

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91107474A Expired - Lifetime EP0463334B1 (en) 1990-06-22 1991-05-08 Process and device for fixing heating resistances to a support

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US (1) US5181312A (en)
EP (1) EP0463334B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE128804T1 (en)
AU (1) AU7924491A (en)
DE (2) DE4019898A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2077712T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19506685A1 (en) * 1995-02-25 1996-08-29 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Electric radiant heater and process for its manufacture
DE19522798A1 (en) † 1995-06-23 1997-01-02 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Process for producing a radiant heater and radiant heater
SE506974C2 (en) * 1996-07-12 1998-03-09 Scandmec Ab Arrangement and procedure for the manufacture of a heated seat
GB2323762B (en) * 1997-03-27 2001-01-31 Ceramaspeed Ltd Method of securing a heating element
US5977524A (en) * 1997-10-15 1999-11-02 Emerson Electric Company Microwire staple for holding the resistive member of a heating element in place
ES2137135B1 (en) * 1998-04-08 2000-08-16 Eika S Coop FIXING THE HEATING RESISTANCE IN THE COOKING PLATE.
GB0002677D0 (en) * 1999-02-12 2000-03-29 Helmut Fischer Gmbh & Co Handling module for at least one component for mounting on and removal from a component carrier
GB0202957D0 (en) * 2002-02-08 2002-03-27 Ceramaspeed Ltd Method and apparatus for manufacturing an electric heater
US8561879B2 (en) * 2012-01-09 2013-10-22 Apple Inc. Hotbar device and methods for assembling electrical contacts to ensure co-planarity

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7405550U (en) * 1974-05-30 Hilti Ag Nail guide
US1765885A (en) * 1928-10-13 1930-06-24 Jr Hans Scherm Machine for driving in and pulling out nails
GB1433478A (en) * 1972-08-05 1976-04-28 Mcwilliams J A Electrical heating apparatus
GB1580909A (en) * 1977-02-10 1980-12-10 Micropore Internatioonal Ltd Thermal insulation material
DE3309476A1 (en) * 1982-03-19 1983-09-29 PURMO Verkaufsgesellschaft mbH, 3008 Garbsen Apparatus for fastening holding clips for heating pipes on floor heating elements
US4619394A (en) * 1984-07-19 1986-10-28 Arrow Fastener Company, Inc. Riveting attachment for a staple gun
US4706869A (en) * 1984-07-19 1987-11-17 Arrow Fastener Company, Inc. Riveting attachment
DE3527413A1 (en) * 1985-07-31 1987-02-12 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer ELECTRIC RADIATOR FOR HEATING HEATING AREAS AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
DE3800676A1 (en) * 1988-01-13 1989-07-27 Eichenauer Gmbh & Co Kg F HEATING DEVICE, ESPECIALLY AS A HOTPLATE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0463334A2 (en) 1992-01-02
ATE128804T1 (en) 1995-10-15
AU7924491A (en) 1992-01-02
DE59106611D1 (en) 1995-11-09
EP0463334A3 (en) 1992-08-26
DE4019898A1 (en) 1992-01-02
US5181312A (en) 1993-01-26
ES2077712T3 (en) 1995-12-01

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