EP0463141A1 - Spiral winnower. - Google Patents

Spiral winnower.

Info

Publication number
EP0463141A1
EP0463141A1 EP91902300A EP91902300A EP0463141A1 EP 0463141 A1 EP0463141 A1 EP 0463141A1 EP 91902300 A EP91902300 A EP 91902300A EP 91902300 A EP91902300 A EP 91902300A EP 0463141 A1 EP0463141 A1 EP 0463141A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
side walls
space
sight
separation space
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91902300A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0463141B1 (en
Inventor
Ernst Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SCHMIDT Ernst
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0463141A1 publication Critical patent/EP0463141A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0463141B1 publication Critical patent/EP0463141B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spiral air classifier with a substantially cylindrical, free of built-in view space with fixed side walls, with a sight gas supply through a guide vane grille coaxially surrounding the view space, with a sight material supply on the outer circumference of the view space, with a discharge device for the outer circumference of the Coarse material drawn off from the visible space and with a central connecting piece for the discharge of the sighting gas with the fine material in an end wall of the sighting space.
  • air is used as the classifying gas and, in the vicinity of the central opening, air is additionally introduced in the end walls of the classifying chamber at a high speed in relation to the classifying gas flow in the form of a flow against the end wall.
  • the direction of rotation of the vortex flow that arises around the central opening is equal to the direction of rotation of the visual flow in the visual space.
  • the sealing air must have a correspondingly high pressure to ensure that the To maintain the required rotational flow in the area near the wall. A separate compressed air supply is required for this, which causes a corresponding structural effort and energy expenditure.
  • the known construction can lead to disturbing eddy formation. Apart from that, an ideal flow field for the sighting cannot be generated. Finally, blowing in sealing air may lead to undesired cooling of the classifying gases.
  • the invention aims to provide a spiral wind sifter that enables an accurate screening of finely reduced solids in the micrometer range, such as talc, graphite, etc., with low energy consumption and air consumption under extreme pressure and temperature conditions.
  • This is achieved according to the invention in a spiral air classifier of the type specified in the introduction in that fixed guide disks are arranged at a distance from the side walls of the viewing space, the edges of which form annular gaps with the side walls and which limit the actual viewing space.
  • the side walls of the viewing space are preferably too conically expanded towards the center of the viewing space.
  • the spiral air classifier according to the invention has no mechanically movable internals, such as rotors, and is therefore suitable for exceptionally high pressure and temperature ranges.
  • the inventive design of the viewing area can ensure a uniform flow field and uniform viewing conditions over the entire width of the viewing area. This increases the separation quality. In particular, an exact sighting can be achieved with low energy consumption and sight gas. Since the stationary guide disks in the classifier according to the invention are arranged at a distance from the lateral viewing area boundaries and are therefore not connected to them in the area of the viewing zone, it follows that no visible material can get into the fine material from the viewing zone near the wall and only fine material that has been sighted can pass between the guide disks . A The spiraling sight gas flow is slowed down in the vicinity of the lateral view space limitation, but does not interfere.
  • Fig. 1 shows a spiral wind sifter according to the invention in a section perpendicular to the axis of the viewing space and
  • Fig. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1.
  • the high-performance air classifier 1 is designed according to FIGS. 1 and 2 as a spiral air classifier, which is intended for the dry separation of dusty substances in the finest grain area, such as talc, graphite, etc.
  • the material to be sighted which is introduced into a classifying chamber 4 by a metering device 2 via a classifying material entry 3, is from 500 ° -700 ° C. hot gas jets, which are tangential from a classifying gas entry 3 ′ via guide vanes 5 into the flat-cylindrical classifying room 4 enter, flushed.
  • the individual particles of the grain collective are accelerated and entrained on the one hand by the gas jets, which flow spirally through the visible space from the outside inwards, but are also subject to the centrifugal force, which deflects them outwards again.
  • the entraining force of the flow and the particle is discharged as a fine material with the gas flow for a certain grain shape and mass of the individual particle, or the centrifugal force and the particle are driven off to limit the visible space and finally via a coarse material discharge 6 as coarse material carried out.
  • Rigid guide disks 8 are arranged at a distance from the side walls 7, which extend from a central outlet opening 9 for the classifying gas with the fine material or from a connecting piece connected to the opposite side wall 7, limit the actual viewing zone and annular gaps 10 with the side walls form. This becomes an uncontrolled one Prevention of coarse material in the fine material discharge along the side boundary of the air classifier is prevented. In the wind sifter explained above, a uniform flow field is present over the entire width of the viewing area, which also ensures the same visibility.
  • the invention thus enables the construction of a very simple and therefore inexpensive air classifier which, as a pressure-tight closed system without rotating parts and without sealing air, can also be used very economically in the high pressure and temperature range, but also in the negative pressure range and at low temperatures, and is excellent ensures the separation effect.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

Aéro-séparateur hélicoïdal comportant un espace de séparation (4) cylindrique exempt de pièces incorporées, à parois latérales (7) rigides, une alimentation en gaz séparateur par grille d'aubes profilées (5) entourant coaxialement l'espace de séparation, une alimentation en matériau à séparer située à la périphérie extérieure de l'espace de séparation, un dispositif d'évacuation pour le matériau grossier extrait à la périphérie extérieure de l'espace de séparation et un raccord (9) central pour évacuer le gaz de séparation avec le matériau fin situé sur une paroi frontale de l'espace de séparation. Des disques de guidage (8) fixes dont les bords forment des passages annulaires (10) avec les parois latérales, sont disposés à distance des parois latérales de l'espace de séparation.Helical aero-separator comprising a cylindrical separation space (4) free of incorporated parts, with rigid side walls (7), a gas supply separator by grid of profiled blades (5) coaxially surrounding the separation space, a supply made of material to be separated located at the outer periphery of the separation space, an evacuation device for the coarse material extracted at the outer periphery of the separation space and a central connector (9) for evacuating the separation gas with the fine material located on a front wall of the separation space. Fixed guide discs (8), the edges of which form annular passages (10) with the side walls, are arranged at a distance from the side walls of the separation space.

Description

Spiralwindsichter Spiral air classifier
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Spiralwindsichter mit einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen, von Einbauten freien Sichtraum mit feststehenden Seitenwänden, mit einer Sicht¬ gaszufuhr durch ein den Sichtraum koaxial umgebendes Leitschaufelgitter, mit einer Sichtgutzufuhr am äußeren Umfang des Sichtraumes, mit einer Austrageinrichtung für das am äußeren Umfang des Sichtraumes abgezogene Grobgut sowie mit einem zentralen Anschlußstutzen für die Ableitung des Sichtgases mit dem Feingut in einer Stirnwand des Sicht- räumes.The invention relates to a spiral air classifier with a substantially cylindrical, free of built-in view space with fixed side walls, with a sight gas supply through a guide vane grille coaxially surrounding the view space, with a sight material supply on the outer circumference of the view space, with a discharge device for the outer circumference of the Coarse material drawn off from the visible space and with a central connecting piece for the discharge of the sighting gas with the fine material in an end wall of the sighting space.
Für den Betrieb mit Sichtgasen im hohen Temperatur- und Druckbereich sind bisher aus Festigkeitsgründen bzw. strömungstechnischen Gründen nur statische Windsichter ohne rotierende Einbauten im Einsatz gewesen. Herkömmliche statische Sichter, wie sie beispielsweise für die Vorsich¬ tung von Strahlmahlprodukten Verwendung finden, eignen sich nicht für eine Hochleistungssichtung, weil die Sichtgas¬ strömung im Bereich der seitlichen Begrenzungsflächen des Sichtraumes abgebremst wird, was die Trennqualität wesent- lieh beeinträchtigt. Eine mögliche Lösung dieses Problems geht aus der DE-PS 26 29 745 hervor, die einen statischen Spiralwindsichter mit Sperrlufteinblasung zur Verbesserung der Sichtgasströmung im wandnahen Bereich offenbart. Bei diesem Spiralwindsichter wird als Sichtgas Luft verwendet und in der Umgebung, der zentralen Öffnung wird in den Stirnwänden des Sichtraumes zusätzlich Luft mit gegenüber der Sichtgasströmung hoher Geschwindigkeit in Form einer an der Stirnwand anliegenden Strömung eingeleitet. Der Drehsinn der dabei um die zentrale Öffnung herum entstehenden Wirbelströmung ist gleich dem Drehsinn der Sichtströmung im Sichtraum. Durch diese Maßnahme soll eine Störung der Sichtung durch Strähnenbildung an den feststehenden Stirn¬ wänden mit gleich gutem Erfolg verhindert werden, wie bei Spiralwindsichtern mit rotierenden Stirnwänden. Die Sperr- luft muß entsprechend hohen Druck haben, um die für die Sichtung erforderliche RotationsStrömung im wandnahen Be¬ reich aufrecht zu erhalten. Hiefür ist eine gesonderte Druckluftzufuhr erforderlich, die einen entsprechenden baulichen Aufwand und Energieaufwand verursacht. Wie bei einer Ausführung mit rotierenden Scheiben kann es aber bei der bekannten Konstruktion zu einer störenden Wirbelbildung kommen. Abgesehen davon kann ein für die Sichtung ideales Strömungsfeld nicht erzeugt werden. Schließlich führt das Einblasen von Sperrluft gegebenenfalls zu einer ungewollten Kühlung der Sichtgase.For operation with sight gases in the high temperature and pressure range, only static wind classifiers without rotating fittings have been used for reasons of strength or fluid dynamics. Conventional static classifiers, such as those used for the precaution of jet grinding products, are not suitable for high-performance classifying because the classifying gas flow is slowed down in the area of the lateral boundary surfaces of the classifying chamber, which significantly impairs the separation quality. A possible solution to this problem emerges from DE-PS 26 29 745, which discloses a static spiral wind sifter with sealing air injection to improve the flow of sight gas in the area near the wall. In this spiral air classifier, air is used as the classifying gas and, in the vicinity of the central opening, air is additionally introduced in the end walls of the classifying chamber at a high speed in relation to the classifying gas flow in the form of a flow against the end wall. The direction of rotation of the vortex flow that arises around the central opening is equal to the direction of rotation of the visual flow in the visual space. This measure is intended to prevent a disturbance in the sighting by streak formation on the fixed end walls with the same degree of success as in the case of spiral air classifiers with rotating end walls. The sealing air must have a correspondingly high pressure to ensure that the To maintain the required rotational flow in the area near the wall. A separate compressed air supply is required for this, which causes a corresponding structural effort and energy expenditure. As with a version with rotating disks, the known construction can lead to disturbing eddy formation. Apart from that, an ideal flow field for the sighting cannot be generated. Finally, blowing in sealing air may lead to undesired cooling of the classifying gases.
Demgegenüber zielt die Erfindung darauf ab, einen Spiralwindsichter zu schaffen, der unter extremen Druck- und Temperaturbedingungen eine exakte Sichtung von feinstzer- kleinerten Feststoffen im Mikrometerbereich, wie Talkum, Graphit usw., bei geringem Energieverbrauch und Luftbedarf ermöglicht. Dies wird bei einem Spiralwindsichter der einleitend angegebenen Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß mit Abstand von den Seitenwänden des Sichtraumes feststehende Leitscheiben angeordnet sind, deren Ränder mit den Seitenwänden Ringspalte bilden und die den eigentlichen Sichtraum begrenzen.In contrast, the invention aims to provide a spiral wind sifter that enables an accurate screening of finely reduced solids in the micrometer range, such as talc, graphite, etc., with low energy consumption and air consumption under extreme pressure and temperature conditions. This is achieved according to the invention in a spiral air classifier of the type specified in the introduction in that fixed guide disks are arranged at a distance from the side walls of the viewing space, the edges of which form annular gaps with the side walls and which limit the actual viewing space.
Vorzugsweise sind die Seitenwände des Sichtraumes gegen die Mitte des Sichtraumes zu konisch erweitert.The side walls of the viewing space are preferably too conically expanded towards the center of the viewing space.
Der erfindungsgemäße Spiralwindsichter besitzt keine mechanisch beweglichen Einbauten, wie z.B. Rotore, und ist daher für außergewöhnlich hohe Druck- und Temperaturbereiche geeignet. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung des Sicht¬ raumes können über die gesamte Sichtraumbreite ein gleich¬ mäßiges Strömungsfeld und gleichmäßige Sichtverhältnisse gewährleistet werden. Hiedurch wird die Trennqualität erhöht. Insbesondere kann eine exakte Sichtung bei geringem Energieverbrauch und Sichtgas erzielt werden. Da beim erfindungsgemäßen Sichter die feststehenden Leitscheiben mit Abstand von den seitlichen Sichtraumbegrenzungen angeordnet sind und somit mit diesen im Bereich der Sichtzone nicht in Verbindung stehen, ergibt sich, daß kein Sichtgut aus der wandnahen Sichtzone in das Feingut und nur gesichtetes Feingut zwischen die Leitscheiben gelangen kann. Eine Abbremsung der spiralförmigen Sichtgasströmung findet im Nahbereich der seitlichen Sichtraumbegrenzung statt, stört aber nicht.The spiral air classifier according to the invention has no mechanically movable internals, such as rotors, and is therefore suitable for exceptionally high pressure and temperature ranges. The inventive design of the viewing area can ensure a uniform flow field and uniform viewing conditions over the entire width of the viewing area. This increases the separation quality. In particular, an exact sighting can be achieved with low energy consumption and sight gas. Since the stationary guide disks in the classifier according to the invention are arranged at a distance from the lateral viewing area boundaries and are therefore not connected to them in the area of the viewing zone, it follows that no visible material can get into the fine material from the viewing zone near the wall and only fine material that has been sighted can pass between the guide disks . A The spiraling sight gas flow is slowed down in the vicinity of the lateral view space limitation, but does not interfere.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an einem Ausführungs- beispiel unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert, in denenThe invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing, in which
Fig. 1 einen Spiralwindsichter gemäß der Erfindung in einem Schnitt senkrecht zur Achse des Sichtraumes undFig. 1 shows a spiral wind sifter according to the invention in a section perpendicular to the axis of the viewing space and
Fig. 2 einen Schnitt nach der Linie II-II in Fig. 1 zeigt.Fig. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in Fig. 1.
Der Hochleistungs-Windsichter 1 ist gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 als Spiralwindsichter ausgebildet, der für die trockene Trennung staubförmiger Stoffe im Feinstkornbereich, wie Talkum, Graphit usw. bestimmt ist. In diesem Spiralwind- sichter wird das Sichtgut, das von einer Dosiereinrichtung 2 über einen Sichtguteintrag 3 in einen Sichtraum 4 eingeführt wird, von 500° - 700° C heißen Gasstrahlen, die von einem Sichtgaseintrag 3' über Leitschaufeln 5 tangential in den flachzylindrischen Sichtraum 4 eintreten, durchspült. Die einzelnen Teilchen des Kornkollektivs werden einerseits von den Gasstrahlen, welche den Sichtraum von außen nach innen spiralförmig durchströmen, beschleunigt und mitgenommen, unterliegen anderseits aber der Zentrifugalkraft, die sie wieder nach außen ablenkt. Je nach Betriebsweise des Wind- sichters überwiegt bei einer bestimmten Kornform und Masse des Einzelteilchens die Mitnahmekraft durch die Strömung und das Teilchen ird als Feingut mit dem Gasstrom ausgetragen, oder die Zentrifugalkraft und das Teilchen wird zur Sichtraumbegrenzung abgetrieben und schließlich über einen Grobgutaustrag 6 als Grobgut ausgetragen.The high-performance air classifier 1 is designed according to FIGS. 1 and 2 as a spiral air classifier, which is intended for the dry separation of dusty substances in the finest grain area, such as talc, graphite, etc. In this spiral air classifier, the material to be sighted, which is introduced into a classifying chamber 4 by a metering device 2 via a classifying material entry 3, is from 500 ° -700 ° C. hot gas jets, which are tangential from a classifying gas entry 3 ′ via guide vanes 5 into the flat-cylindrical classifying room 4 enter, flushed. The individual particles of the grain collective are accelerated and entrained on the one hand by the gas jets, which flow spirally through the visible space from the outside inwards, but are also subject to the centrifugal force, which deflects them outwards again. Depending on the mode of operation of the wind sifter, the entraining force of the flow and the particle is discharged as a fine material with the gas flow for a certain grain shape and mass of the individual particle, or the centrifugal force and the particle are driven off to limit the visible space and finally via a coarse material discharge 6 as coarse material carried out.
Erfindungsgemäß sind die Seitenwände 7 des Sichtraumes gegen die Mitte zu konisch erweitert. Mit Abstand von den Seitenwänden 7 sind starre Leitscheiben 8 angeordnet, die sich von einer zentralen Austrittsöffnung 9 für das Sichtgas mit dem Feingut bzw. von einem mit der gegenüberliegenden Seitenwand 7 verbundenen Stutzen wegerεtrecken, die eigent¬ liche Sichtzone begrenzen und Ringspalte 10 mit den Seitenwänden bilden. Dadurch wird ein unkontrolliertes Eindringen von Grobgut in den Feingutauεtrag entlang der seitlichen Begrenzung des Windsichters verhindert. Im vorstehend erläuterten Windsichter ist über die gesamte Sichtraumbreite ein gleichmäßiges Strömungsfeld vorhanden, welches auch gleiche Sichtverhältnisse gewährleistet.According to the side walls 7 of the viewing space are flared towards the center. Rigid guide disks 8 are arranged at a distance from the side walls 7, which extend from a central outlet opening 9 for the classifying gas with the fine material or from a connecting piece connected to the opposite side wall 7, limit the actual viewing zone and annular gaps 10 with the side walls form. This becomes an uncontrolled one Prevention of coarse material in the fine material discharge along the side boundary of the air classifier is prevented. In the wind sifter explained above, a uniform flow field is present over the entire width of the viewing area, which also ensures the same visibility.
Die Erfindung ermöglicht somit den Bau eines sehr einfachen und daher kostengünstigen Windsichters, der als druckdicht geschlossenes System ohne drehende Teile und ohne Sperrluft auch im hohen Druck- und Temperaturbereich, aber auch im Unterdruckbereich sowie bei tiefen Temperaturen sehr wirtschaftlich eingesetzt werden kann und einen hervorragen¬ den Trenneffekt gewährleistet. The invention thus enables the construction of a very simple and therefore inexpensive air classifier which, as a pressure-tight closed system without rotating parts and without sealing air, can also be used very economically in the high pressure and temperature range, but also in the negative pressure range and at low temperatures, and is excellent ensures the separation effect.

Claims

Patentansprüche: Claims:
1. Spiralwindsichter, mit einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen, von Einbauten freien Sichtraum mit fest¬ stehenden Seitenwänden, mit einer Sichtgaszufuhr durch ein den Sichtraum koaxial umgebendes Leitschaufelgitter, mit einer Sichtgutzufuhr am äußeren Umfang des Sichtraumes, mit einer Austrageinrichtung für das am äußeren Umfang des Sichtraumes abgezogene Grobgut sowie mit einem zentralen Anschlußstutzen für die Ableitung des Sichtgases mit dem Feingut in einer Stirnwand des Sichtraumes, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß mit Abstand von den Seitenwänden (7) des Sichtraumes (4) feststehende Leitscheiben (8) angeordnet sind, deren Ränder mit den Seitenwänden (7) Ringspalte (10) bilden.1. Spiral wind sifter, with a substantially cylindrical, free of built-in viewing space with fixed side walls, with a sight gas supply through a guide vane grille coaxially surrounding the sight space, with a sight material supply on the outer periphery of the sight space, with a discharge device for that on the outer periphery of the sight space drawn off coarse material and with a central connecting piece for the discharge of the sighting gas with the fine material in a front wall of the viewing space, characterized in that fixed guide disks (8) are arranged at a distance from the side walls (7) of the viewing space (4), the edges of which form annular gaps (10) with the side walls (7).
2. Spiralwindsichter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, daß die Seitenwände (7) des Sichtraumes (4) gegen die Mitte des Sichtraumes zu konisch erweitert sind. 2. Spiral wind sifter according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls (7) of the viewing space (4) are flared towards the center of the viewing space.
EP91902300A 1990-01-16 1991-01-15 Spiral winnower Expired - Lifetime EP0463141B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0008290A AT398173B (en) 1990-01-16 1990-01-16 METHOD FOR GRINDING SOLIDS
AT82/90 1990-01-16
PCT/AT1991/000008 WO1991010513A1 (en) 1990-01-16 1991-01-15 Spiral winnower

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0463141A1 true EP0463141A1 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0463141B1 EP0463141B1 (en) 1994-09-14

Family

ID=3481055

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91902300A Expired - Lifetime EP0463141B1 (en) 1990-01-16 1991-01-15 Spiral winnower

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0463141B1 (en)
AT (2) AT398173B (en)
DE (1) DE59102906D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1991010513A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006048865A1 (en) * 2006-10-16 2008-04-17 Roland Dr. Nied Process for the production of finest particles and jet mill therefor and air classifier and operating method thereof
TW201422298A (en) * 2012-12-06 2014-06-16 an-xin Lin Electric filter screen and winnower equipment thereof

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2767437A (en) * 1952-02-11 1956-10-23 Donald E Marshall Method of amalgamating and extruding soap
US2763437A (en) * 1953-01-16 1956-09-18 Sturtevant Mill Co Apparatus for grinding
DE2029700A1 (en) * 1970-06-16 1971-12-23 Bayerische Berg , Hütten und Salz werke AG, 8000 München Air separator
DE2629745C2 (en) * 1976-07-02 1982-04-01 Alpine Ag, 8900 Augsburg Spiral air classifier
FI74890C (en) * 1985-11-29 1988-04-11 Larox Ag FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER FRAMSTAELLNING AV EN KLASSIFICERAD FRAKTION AV FINFOERDELAT MATERIAL.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9110513A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA8290A (en) 1994-02-15
DE59102906D1 (en) 1994-10-20
ATE111382T1 (en) 1994-09-15
WO1991010513A1 (en) 1991-07-25
EP0463141B1 (en) 1994-09-14
AT398173B (en) 1994-10-25

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