EP0461307B1 - Coupling device for toy vehicles - Google Patents
Coupling device for toy vehicles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0461307B1 EP0461307B1 EP90124215A EP90124215A EP0461307B1 EP 0461307 B1 EP0461307 B1 EP 0461307B1 EP 90124215 A EP90124215 A EP 90124215A EP 90124215 A EP90124215 A EP 90124215A EP 0461307 B1 EP0461307 B1 EP 0461307B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coupling
- vehicle
- vehicles
- coupling device
- ball
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H19/00—Model railways
- A63H19/16—Parts for model railway vehicles
- A63H19/18—Car coupling or uncoupling mechanisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H17/00—Toy vehicles, e.g. with self-drive; ; Cranes, winches or the like; Accessories therefor
- A63H17/26—Details; Accessories
- A63H17/264—Coupling mechanisms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a coupling device for connecting two toy vehicles with two coupling parts arranged on each vehicle, a first coupling part being formed by a ball coupling element and a second coupling part being formed by a coupling recess for inserting the ball coupling element (see GB- A-734415).
- Such a coupling device is e.g. known from wooden toy trains, the coupling recess is sawn out of the vehicle body.
- the known solution is easy to use even for relatively young children, but is not suitable for plastic system toys in which the same couplings are always to be used on vehicles of different types, in order to reduce the number of individual parts required and thereby to enable rational production and to make it possible to connect other vehicles independently of their design.
- the object of the invention is to design a coupling device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be used in a variety of ways for different types of vehicles and, with production facilities which are advantageous in terms of plastics technology, enables easy handling by the child playing and a reliable connection which can be moved on all sides between those to be coupled Vehicles.
- the second coupling part comprises a cylindrical segment-shaped plastic shell which extends perpendicular to the direction of pull of the vehicles and which can be snapped into a vehicle via a retaining attachment with a latching device.
- the plastic shell provided thereafter which extends over an angular range of slightly more than 180 ° and accordingly enables the ball coupling element to be inserted from above and below or else with elastic expansion via the longitudinal slot, also provides a reliable coupling connection, when the pulling vehicle and the towed vehicle move at different levels, ie when the child drives the vehicle over an uneven floor.
- the coupling connection can be established as easily as it is released. Due to the snap-on ability of the plastic shell, regardless of the design of the basic body of the vehicle, it can be easily fitted to any vehicle in terms of assembly technology and can be produced uniformly for very different vehicle types and kept together in stock.
- the latching device is formed by two U-legs with latching projections which are injection-molded in one piece with the holding projection.
- the entire second coupling part can be injection molded in one piece in a single injection process and can no longer be detachably mounted on the vehicle in a single operation.
- the retaining attachment has a stop collar which comes into contact with an outer wall of the toy vehicle to be equipped after the latching device has snapped into place.
- the height of the plastic shell advantageously corresponds to approximately twice the diameter of the coupling ball element. This dimensioning on the one hand prevents the appearance of the coupling part from being too conspicuous, and on the other hand ensures reliable cohesion.
- the height of the plastic shell is thus determined by the space available from the center of the ball coupling element downwards and upwards by the expected displacement of the pulling and pulling vehicle due to obstacles.
- the first coupling part is formed in one piece, has a pivot bearing recess and is provided with molded-on spring legs extending laterally from the region of the pivot bearing recess.
- a coupling part designed in this way can also be easily produced by injection molding in one operation, but in particular it enables the swiveling movement required for cornering in a simple manner, with resetting being carried out by the spring legs, so that, particularly in the case of rail vehicles, the ball coupling element is always returned to the center and automatic coupling can be realized.
- the spring legs can be supported on specially designed chassis parts.
- the first coupling part 1 is injection molded in one piece from plastic. It comprises a base body 2 with a pivot bearing recess 3, into which a vehicle-side Pivot bearing pin, for example in the form of a bolt or cross profile, engages, whereby a lower-section 4 with an enlarged radius and a corresponding part on the bearing pin ensures a torsion-proof assembly.
- a vehicle-side Pivot bearing pin for example in the form of a bolt or cross profile
- a ball coupling element 6 is formed on the end 5 of the base body 2 opposite the bearing recess. It has a central blind hole-like recess 8 that runs parallel to the pivot bearing axis 7.
- the second coupling part 11 is also injection molded in one piece from plastic. It comprises a plastic shell 12 which is open at the top and bottom and extends over an angular range of slightly more than 180 ° and has a diameter approximately corresponding to the diameter of the ball coupling element 6.
- the front longitudinal edges 13 are rounded-thickened and are designed to open slightly outwards in order to enable the ball coupling element 6 to snap into place without problems.
- the height of the plastic shell 12 corresponds approximately to twice the diameter of the ball coupling element 6.
- This second coupling part 11 can easily be snapped onto any vehicle if it only has corresponding snap-in recesses and an external stop surface for the stop collar 15.
- a trough formed from below is arranged in the front area, so that the vehicles to be towed can be placed on the ball coupling element of the towed vehicle and thus towed.
- this trough can also be extended downward so that it further encloses the ball coupling element.
- a knob-like thickening in the lower area of this coupling shell prevents the ball coupling element from sliding out too easily.
- a coupling part is therefore formed integrally with the vehicle.
Landscapes
- Toys (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
- Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung richtet sich auf eine Kupplungseinrichtung zum Verbinden zweier Spielfahrzeuge mit zwei an je einem Fahrzeug angeordneten Kupplungsteilen, wobei ein erstes Kupplungsteil durch ein Kugel-Kupplungselement und ein zweites Kupplungsteil durch eine Kupplungs-Ausnehmung zum Einsetzen des Kugel-Kupplungselements gebildet ist (siehe GB-A-734415).The invention relates to a coupling device for connecting two toy vehicles with two coupling parts arranged on each vehicle, a first coupling part being formed by a ball coupling element and a second coupling part being formed by a coupling recess for inserting the ball coupling element (see GB- A-734415).
Eine derartige Kupplungseinrichtung ist z.B. von Holz-Spielzeugeisenbahnen bekannt, wobei die Kupplungsausnehmung aus dem Fahrzeuggrundkörper ausgesägt ist.Such a coupling device is e.g. known from wooden toy trains, the coupling recess is sawn out of the vehicle body.
Die vorbekannte Lösung ist zwar auch für relativ junge Kinder einfach in der Handhabung, eignet sich aber nicht für Kunststoff-Systemspielzeug, bei welchem an Fahrzeugen unterschiedlicher Art stets die gleichen Kupplungen verwendet werden sollen, um zum einen die Zahl der erforderlichen Einzelteile zu reduzieren und dadurch eine rationelle Fertigung zu ermöglichen, und um zum anderen Fahrzeuge unabhängig von ihrer Gestaltung im einzelnen verbindbar zu machen.The known solution is easy to use even for relatively young children, but is not suitable for plastic system toys in which the same couplings are always to be used on vehicles of different types, in order to reduce the number of individual parts required and thereby to enable rational production and to make it possible to connect other vehicles independently of their design.
Hiervon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kupplungseinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art so auszugestalten, daß sie für unterschiedliche Fahrzeugtypen vielseitig einsetzbar ist und bei kunststofftechnisch vorteilhaften Fertigungsmöglichkeiten eine leichte Handhabung durch das spielende Kind ermöglicht und eine zuverlässige, allseitig bewegliche Verbindung zwischen den zu verkuppelnden Fahrzeugen herstellt.Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to design a coupling device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be used in a variety of ways for different types of vehicles and, with production facilities which are advantageous in terms of plastics technology, enables easy handling by the child playing and a reliable connection which can be moved on all sides between those to be coupled Vehicles.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das zweite Kupplungsteil eine zylindersegmentförmige, sich senkrecht zur Zugrichtung der Fahrzeuge erstreckende Kunststoff-Schale umfaßt, welche über einen Halteansatz mit einer Rasteinrichtung in ein Fahrzeug einrastbar ist.This object is achieved in that the second coupling part comprises a cylindrical segment-shaped plastic shell which extends perpendicular to the direction of pull of the vehicles and which can be snapped into a vehicle via a retaining attachment with a latching device.
Die danach vorgesehene Kunststoff-Schale, welche sich über einen Winkelbereich von etwas mehr als 18o° erstreckt und dementsprechend das Einführen des Kugel-Kupplungselements von oben und unten oder aber auch unter elastischer Aufweitung über den Längsschlitz ermöglicht, stellt eine zuverlässige Kupplungsverbindung auch dann her, wenn das ziehende und das gezogene Fahrzeug sich auf einem unterschiedlichen Niveau bewegen, d.h. wenn das Kind mit den Fahrzeugen über einen unebenen Boden fährt. Die Kupplungsverbindung läßt sich ebenso leicht herstellen wie lösen. Durch die Aufrastbarkeit der Kunststoff-Schale läßt sich diese unabhängig von der Ausbildung des Grundkörpers des Fahrzeugs an jedem beliebigen Fahrzeug montagetechnisch einfach anbringen und für ganz unterschiedliche Fahrzeugtypen einheitlich produzieren und gemeinsam vorrätig halten.The plastic shell provided thereafter, which extends over an angular range of slightly more than 180 ° and accordingly enables the ball coupling element to be inserted from above and below or else with elastic expansion via the longitudinal slot, also provides a reliable coupling connection, when the pulling vehicle and the towed vehicle move at different levels, ie when the child drives the vehicle over an uneven floor. The coupling connection can be established as easily as it is released. Due to the snap-on ability of the plastic shell, regardless of the design of the basic body of the vehicle, it can be easily fitted to any vehicle in terms of assembly technology and can be produced uniformly for very different vehicle types and kept together in stock.
In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorteilhafterweise vorgesehen, daß die Rasteinrichtung durch zwei einstückig mit dem Halteansatz gespritzte U-Schenkel mit Rastvorsprüngen gebildet ist. Auf diese Weise kann das gesamte zweite Kupplungsteil aus einem Stück in einem einzigen Spritzvorgang gespritzt und in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang an dem Fahrzeug nicht mehr lösbar montiert werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageously provided that the latching device is formed by two U-legs with latching projections which are injection-molded in one piece with the holding projection. In this way, the entire second coupling part can be injection molded in one piece in a single injection process and can no longer be detachably mounted on the vehicle in a single operation.
Hierzu ist vorteilhafterweise vorgesehen, daß der Halteansatz einen Anschlagbund aufweist, der nach dem Einrasten der Rasteinrichtung an einer Außenwand des auszurüstenden Spielfahrzeugs zur Anlage kommt.For this purpose, it is advantageously provided that the retaining attachment has a stop collar which comes into contact with an outer wall of the toy vehicle to be equipped after the latching device has snapped into place.
Die Höhe der Kunststoff-Schale entspricht günstigerweise etwa dem doppelten Durchmesser des Kupplungs-Kugelelements. Durch diese Dimensionierung wird einerseits vermieden, daß das Erscheinungsbild des Kupplungsteils zu auffällig ist, andererseits wird ein zuverlässiger Zusammenhalt sicher gewährleistet. Die Höhe der Kunststoff-Schale wird also bestimmt durch den von der Mitte des Kugel-Kupplungselements nach unten zur Verfügung stehenden Raum und nach oben durch den zu erwartenden Versatz von ziehendem und gezogenem Fahrzeug aufgrund von Hindernissen.The height of the plastic shell advantageously corresponds to approximately twice the diameter of the coupling ball element. This dimensioning on the one hand prevents the appearance of the coupling part from being too conspicuous, and on the other hand ensures reliable cohesion. The height of the plastic shell is thus determined by the space available from the center of the ball coupling element downwards and upwards by the expected displacement of the pulling and pulling vehicle due to obstacles.
Günstigerweise ist noch vorgesehen, daß das erste Kupplungsteil einstückig ausgebildet ist, eine Schwenklagerausnehmung aufweist und mit sich vom Bereich der Schwenklagerausnehmung seitlich wegerstreckenden, angeformten Federschenkeln versehen ist.Conveniently, it is also provided that the first coupling part is formed in one piece, has a pivot bearing recess and is provided with molded-on spring legs extending laterally from the region of the pivot bearing recess.
Ein derart ausgestaltetes Kupplungsteil läßt sich ebenfalls in einem Arbeitsgang leicht spritztechnisch herstellen, insbesondere ermöglicht es aber in einfacher Weise die für das Kurvenfahren erforderliche Schwenkbewegung, wobei durch die Federschenkel eine Rückstellung erfolgt, so daß insbesondere bei Schienenfahrzeugen das Kugelkupplungselement immer wieder in die Mitte zurückgestellt wird und ein automatisches Verkuppeln realisierbar ist. Die Federschenkel können sich an hierfür speziell vorgesehenen Chassisteilen abstützen.A coupling part designed in this way can also be easily produced by injection molding in one operation, but in particular it enables the swiveling movement required for cornering in a simple manner, with resetting being carried out by the spring legs, so that, particularly in the case of rail vehicles, the ball coupling element is always returned to the center and automatic coupling can be realized. The spring legs can be supported on specially designed chassis parts.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen
- Fig. 1 eine Aufsicht auf die gesamte Kupplungseinrichtung im eingekuppelten Zustand,
- Fig. 2 eine Aufsicht auf das erste Kupplungsteil,
- Fig. 3 einen Längsschnitt durch das erste Kupplungsteil längs der Mittelachse,
- Fig. 4 eine Aufsicht auf das zweite Kupplungsteil entsprechend der Darstellung in Fig. 1, und
- Fig. 5 eine Seitenansicht des zweiten Kupplungsteils.
- 1 is a plan view of the entire coupling device in the engaged state,
- 2 is a plan view of the first coupling part,
- 3 shows a longitudinal section through the first coupling part along the central axis,
- Fig. 4 is a plan view of the second coupling part as shown in Fig. 1, and
- Fig. 5 is a side view of the second coupling part.
Das erste Kupplungsteil 1 ist aus Kunststoff einstückig gespritzt. Es umfaßt einen Grundkörper 2 mit einer Schwenklagerausnehmung 3, in welche ein fahrzeugseitiger Schwenklagerzapfen, z.B. in Form eines Bolzens oder Kreuzprofils, eingreift, wobei durch einen unteren Abschnitt 4 mit vergrößertem Radius und eine entsprechende Partie am Lagerzapfen eine verdrehsichere Montage gewährleistet ist. Hinsichtlich Fig. 3 ist dabei zu berücksichtigen, daß dort die im eingebauten Zustand oben liegende Seite unten liegt.The
An dem der Lagerausnehmung gegenüberliegenden Ende 5 des Grundkörpers 2 ist ein Kugel-Kupplungselement 6 angeformt. Es weist eine zentrale, parallel zur Schwenklagerachse 7 verlaufende, sacklochartige Ausnehmung 8 auf.A
Im Bereich der Schwenklagerausnehmung 3 sind beiderseits des Grundkörpers 2 einstückig mit diesem Federschenkel 9 angeformt, deren Enden 1o verdickt ausgebildet sind, um ein Entformen mit Auswerferstiften zu ermöglichen, und die an korrespondierenden, fahrzeugseitigen seitlichen Wandungen anliegen.In the area of the pivot bearing
Das zweite Kupplungsteil 11 ist ebenfalls einstückig aus Kunststoff gespritzt. Es umfaßt eine Kunststoff-Schale 12, welche nach oben und unten offen ist und sich über einen Winkelbereich von etwas mehr als 18o° erstreckt und einen Durchmesser etwa entsprechend dem Durchmesser des Kugel-Kupplungselements 6 aufweist.The
Die vorderen Längskanten 13 sind abgerundet-verdickt, sich leicht nach außen öffnend ausgebildet, um ein problemloses Einrasten des Kugel-Kupplungselements 6 zu ermöglichen. Die Höhe der Kunststoff-Schale 12 entspricht etwa dem doppelten Durchmesser des Kugel-Kupplungselements 6.The front
Unmittelbar angeformt an die Kunststoff-Schale 12 ist ein Halteansatz 14 mit einem Anschlagbund 15, von welchem sich eine Rasteinrichtung 16 wegerstreckt, welche zwei U-Schenkel 17 mit zwei Rastvorsprüngen 18 umfaßt.Immediately molded onto the
Dieses zweite Kupplungsteil 11 kann problemlos auf ein beliebiges Fahrzeug aufgerastet werden, wenn dieses nur korrespondierende Rastausnehmungen und eine außen liegende Anschlagfläche für den Anschlagbund 15 aufweist.This
Aus dem Vorstehenden wird deutlich, daß die erfindungsgemäße Kupplungseinrichtung ebenso für Spielzeugeisenbahnen wie für Spielzeugtraktoren, Sattelschlepper, Lastwagen od.dgl. mit entsprechenden Anhängern verwendet werden kann.From the above it is clear that the coupling device according to the invention for toy trains as well as for toy tractors, articulated lorries, trucks or the like. can be used with appropriate trailers.
Alternativ zu der vorstehend beschriebenen Ausgestaltung kann bei Straßenfahrzeugen auch vorgesehen sein, daß im vorderen Bereich eine von unten ausgeformte Mulde angeordnet ist, so daß sich die zu ziehenden Fahrzeuge auf das Kugel-Kupplungselement des ziehenden Fahrzeugs auflegen und so schleppen lassen.As an alternative to the embodiment described above, it can also be provided in road vehicles that a trough formed from below is arranged in the front area, so that the vehicles to be towed can be placed on the ball coupling element of the towed vehicle and thus towed.
Diese Mulde kann bei bestimmten Fahrzeugen auch so nach unten verlängert werden, daß sie das Kugel-Kupplungselement weiter umschließt. Eine noppenartige Verdickung im unteren Bereich dieser Kupplungsschale verhindert ein zu leichtes Herausgleiten des Kugel-Kupplungselements.In certain vehicles, this trough can also be extended downward so that it further encloses the ball coupling element. A knob-like thickening in the lower area of this coupling shell prevents the ball coupling element from sliding out too easily.
Bei dieser vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist also ein Kupplungsteil integral mit dem Fahrzeug ausgebildet.In this advantageous embodiment, a coupling part is therefore formed integrally with the vehicle.
Claims (5)
- A coupling device for connecting two toy vehicles with two coupling components arranged at one vehicle each, whereby a first coupling component (1) is formed by a ball coupling element (6) and a second coupling component (11) comprises a coupling recess for inserting the coupling element (6), characterized in that a second coupling component ( 11) comprises a plastic cup (12) in the shape of a cylindrical segment, which extends normal to the drawing direction of the vehicles, which plastic cup (12) can be snap engaged into a vehicle via a retaining lug (14) with a locking means (16).
- A coupling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking device (16) is formed by two U-legs with locking projections (18) which are injection-moulded in one piece with the retaining lug (14).
- A coupling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the retaining lug (14) comprises a stop collar (15).
- A coupling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the plastic cup (12) corresponds approximately to the double diameter of the ball coupling element (6).
- A coupling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first coupling component (1) is formed in one piece, and comprises a swivel bearing recess (3) and is provided with spring legs (9) which are molded on and which laterally extend away from the area of the swivel bearing recess (3).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT90124215T ATE87222T1 (en) | 1990-02-03 | 1990-12-14 | COUPLING DEVICE FOR TOY VEHICLES. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE9001214U | 1990-02-03 | ||
DE9001214U DE9001214U1 (en) | 1990-02-03 | 1990-02-03 | Coupling device for toy vehicles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0461307A1 EP0461307A1 (en) | 1991-12-18 |
EP0461307B1 true EP0461307B1 (en) | 1993-03-24 |
Family
ID=6850642
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90124215A Expired - Lifetime EP0461307B1 (en) | 1990-02-03 | 1990-12-14 | Coupling device for toy vehicles |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0461307B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE87222T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE9001214U1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2040026T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE20001760U1 (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2000-03-30 | Bruder Spielwaren GmbH & Co. KG, 90768 Fürth | Connecting element for an additional unit of a toy vehicle |
US6896574B2 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2005-05-24 | Mattel, Inc. | Magnetically coupled toy vehicles |
DE102009020994B4 (en) * | 2009-05-12 | 2017-08-10 | Karl Simon Gmbh & Co. Kg | retraction device |
FR3059478A1 (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-01 | Tyco Electronics France Sas | ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR FOR A SECURITY RETENTION SYSTEM |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB734415A (en) * | 1952-05-14 | 1955-08-03 | Trix Ltd | Improvements in or relating to toy electric railways |
DE2128918A1 (en) * | 1970-06-15 | 1972-01-13 | Pritchard, Sydney Charles, Seaton, Devon (Großbritannien) | Coupling for model rail vehicles |
NL8701608A (en) * | 1987-07-08 | 1989-02-01 | Theodorus Johannes Gerardus Li | Vehicle-trailer coupling assembly - has first coupling rod with ball and second coupling with housing having slot |
-
1990
- 1990-02-03 DE DE9001214U patent/DE9001214U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-14 AT AT90124215T patent/ATE87222T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-12-14 ES ES199090124215T patent/ES2040026T3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-12-14 EP EP90124215A patent/EP0461307B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-12-14 DE DE9090124215T patent/DE59001079D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59001079D1 (en) | 1993-04-29 |
DE9001214U1 (en) | 1990-04-05 |
ES2040026T3 (en) | 1993-10-01 |
ATE87222T1 (en) | 1993-04-15 |
EP0461307A1 (en) | 1991-12-18 |
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