EP0455623A1 - Exhaust silencer, especially for a two-stroke engine with catalytic converter - Google Patents

Exhaust silencer, especially for a two-stroke engine with catalytic converter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0455623A1
EP0455623A1 EP91890080A EP91890080A EP0455623A1 EP 0455623 A1 EP0455623 A1 EP 0455623A1 EP 91890080 A EP91890080 A EP 91890080A EP 91890080 A EP91890080 A EP 91890080A EP 0455623 A1 EP0455623 A1 EP 0455623A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
housing
perforated
intermediate layer
tube
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Granted
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EP91890080A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0455623B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Dipl. Ing. Beidl
Albin Sterbenz
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/084—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling the gases flowing through the silencer two or more times longitudinally in opposite directions, e.g. using parallel or concentric tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2490/00—Structure, disposition or shape of gas-chambers
    • F01N2490/15—Plurality of resonance or dead chambers
    • F01N2490/155—Plurality of resonance or dead chambers being disposed one after the other in flow direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust muffler, in particular for two-stroke internal combustion engines with a downstream catalytic converter, consisting of a housing provided with an inlet and outlet, divided into partitions by partitions with connecting pipes and flowed through under two or more directions, the outlet being perforated from one , there is an inner tube encased at a distance from the outer tube and the housing has a double wall with a heat-resistant intermediate layer.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of eliminating these deficiencies and of creating an exhaust silencer of the type described at the outset which is distinguished by better damper properties and has a reduced surface temperature.
  • the invention solves this problem in that the a pipe resonator connects the perforated inner tube and the perforated resonator formed by the outer tube, the inner wall of the housing wall is corrugated and the structure-borne sound-absorbing intermediate layer braces the inner wall against the outer wall.
  • the two resonators forming the outlet compensate for the unfavorable, previously poorly damped frequencies.
  • the inner wall with the intermediate layer prevents sound radiation from the housing surface, the sound absorption being improved by the corrugation of the inner wall and an effective reduction in the surface sound radiation being achieved by the bracing.
  • too high surface temperatures of the housing are avoided by the intermediate layer if a catalytic converter is arranged upstream of the silencer.
  • the intermediate layer preferably consists of ceramic fibers with a swelling binder, the swelling of the inner wall against the outer wall of the housing being achieved by its swelling.
  • a cylindrical heat shield which is preferably attached to the subsequent partition wall and shields the double wall of the housing, is provided in the chamber into which the inlet opens.
  • the housing end wall directly impacted by the exhaust gases is preceded by a protective wall with a space unoccupied by the exhaust gases, which prevents the flame gases coming from the catalytic converter from penetrating through to the housing end wall and at the same time contributes to sound insulation.
  • a protective wall with a space unoccupied by the exhaust gases, which prevents the flame gases coming from the catalytic converter from penetrating through to the housing end wall and at the same time contributes to sound insulation.
  • the drawing shows an exemplary embodiment of an exhaust silencer according to the invention for a two-stroke internal combustion engine with a downstream catalyst in longitudinal section.
  • the muffler has a substantially cylindrical housing 1 which is provided with an inlet 2 at one end and with an outlet 3 at its other end.
  • the muffler according to the invention is connected as a separate unit to the counter cone or the tail pipe of an exhaust system. Due to the high temperature level and the strong vibrations that occur, the use of absorbent material is not reliably possible.
  • the housing 1 is divided by rigid curved sheets 4 into three chambers I, II, III, the connecting tubes 5 breaking through the sheets 4 or dividing walls being arranged such that the chambers flow through from the inlet 2 in the order I-III-II will. So in the chambers III and II there is a reversal of the direction of the gases flowing through.
  • the outlet 3 consists of a perforated resonator, which is formed by a perforated inner tube 6 and an outer tube 7 that surrounds it at a distance, and a subsequent pipe resonator 8.
  • the housing 1 has a double wall, the corrugated inner wall 9 of which is damped by structure-borne noise and is heat-resistant Intermediate layer 10 made of ceramic fibers is clamped against the outer wall with a swelling binder.
  • a cylindrical heat shield 11 is provided which is attached to the subsequent partition 4 and shields the double wall 9, 10 of the housing 1. Since the exhaust gases flow directly into the chamber III through at least one of the connecting pipes 5 and can impair the end wall 12 there, a protective wall 13 is arranged at a distance from the housing end wall 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

Ein insbesondere für Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschinen mit nachgeordnetem Katalysator bestimmter Auspuffschalldämpfer besteht aus einem Gehäuse (1), das mit einem Ein- und Auslaß (2, 3) versehen und durch Trennwände (4) mit Verbindungsrohren (5) in mehrere Kammern (I bis III) unterteilt ist. Dieses Gehäuse (1) wird unter zwei- oder mehrfacher Richtungsumkehr durchströmt, wobei der Auslaß (3) aus einem gelochten Innenrohr (6), das mit Abstand von einem Außenrohr (7) umhüllt ist, besteht und das Gehäuse (1) eine Doppelwand mit hitzebeständiger Zwischenschicht aufweist. Um eine verbesserte Dämpfung bei verringerter Oberflächentemperatur zu erreichen, schließt an den vom gelochten Innenrohr (6) und vom Außenrohr (7) gebildeten Lochresonator ein Pfeifenresonator (8) an. Ferner ist die Innenwand (9) der Gehäusewand gewellt und die körperschalldämpfende Zwischenschicht (10) verspannt die Innenwand (9) gegen die Außenwand. <IMAGE>An exhaust muffler, in particular for two-stroke internal combustion engines with a downstream catalytic converter, consists of a housing (1) which is provided with an inlet and outlet (2, 3) and is divided into partitions (I to III) by partitions (4) with connecting pipes (5) ) is divided. This housing (1) is flowed through with two or more reversals of direction, the outlet (3) consisting of a perforated inner tube (6) which is encased at a distance from an outer tube (7), and the housing (1) has a double wall has a heat-resistant intermediate layer. In order to achieve improved damping at a reduced surface temperature, a pipe resonator (8) connects to the perforated resonator formed by the perforated inner tube (6) and the outer tube (7). Furthermore, the inner wall (9) of the housing wall is corrugated and the structure-borne sound-absorbing intermediate layer (10) braces the inner wall (9) against the outer wall. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Auspuffschalldämpfer, insbesondere für Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschinen mit nachgeordnetem Katalysator, bestehend aus einem mit einem Ein- und Auslaß versehenen, durch Trennwände mit Verbindungsrohren in mehrere Kammern unterteilten, unter zwei- oder mehrfacher Richtungsumkehr durchströmten Gehäuse, wobei der Auslaß aus einem gelochten, mit Abstand von einem Außenrohr umhüllten Innenrohr besteht und das Gehäuse eine Doppelwand mit hitzebeständiger Zwischenschicht aufweist.The invention relates to an exhaust muffler, in particular for two-stroke internal combustion engines with a downstream catalytic converter, consisting of a housing provided with an inlet and outlet, divided into partitions by partitions with connecting pipes and flowed through under two or more directions, the outlet being perforated from one , there is an inner tube encased at a distance from the outer tube and the housing has a double wall with a heat-resistant intermediate layer.

Ein solcher Auspuffschalldämpfer ist bereits bekannt (US-PS 3 289 786). Dabei führt der Auslaß unmittelbar ins Freie, wobei der vom gelochten Innenrohr und von dem Außenrohr gebildete Lochresonator nicht alle ungünstigen Frequenzen ausgleichen kann. Die Innenwand des Gehäuses ist glatt zylindrisch ausgebildet, so daß es zu Wärmespannungen kommen kann. Bei der hitzebeständigen Zwischenschicht handelt es sich bloß um eine Asbestschicht gemäß der US-PS 2 761 525, die zwar hitzebeständig ist, aber nur den Zweck hat, die Kondenswasserbildung durch Erhöhung der Temperatur im Inneren des Schalldämpfers zu verringern. Eine wesentliche Verbesserung der Oberflächenschallabstrahlung kann auf diese Art nicht erreicht werden.Such an exhaust silencer is already known (US Pat. No. 3,289,786). The outlet leads directly into the open, and the perforated resonator formed by the perforated inner tube and by the outer tube cannot compensate for all unfavorable frequencies. The inner wall of the housing is smoothly cylindrical, so that thermal stresses can occur. The heat-resistant intermediate layer is merely an asbestos layer according to US Pat. No. 2,761,525, which is heat-resistant, but has the sole purpose of reducing the formation of condensation by increasing the temperature inside the muffler. A significant improvement in the surface sound radiation cannot be achieved in this way.

Somit liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese Mängel zu beseitigen und einen Auspuffschalldämpfer der eingangs beschriebenen Art zu schaffen, der sich durch bessere Dämpfereigenschaften auszeichnet und eine verringerte Oberflächentemperatur aufweist.The invention is therefore based on the object of eliminating these deficiencies and of creating an exhaust silencer of the type described at the outset which is distinguished by better damper properties and has a reduced surface temperature.

Die Erfindung löst die gestellt Aufgabe dadurch, daß an den vom gelochten Innenrohr und von dem Außenrohr gebildeten Lochresonator ein Pfeifenresonator anschließt, die Innenwand der Gehäusewand gewellt ist und die körperschalldämpfende Zwischenschicht die Innenwand gegen die Außenwand verspannt.The invention solves this problem in that the a pipe resonator connects the perforated inner tube and the perforated resonator formed by the outer tube, the inner wall of the housing wall is corrugated and the structure-borne sound-absorbing intermediate layer braces the inner wall against the outer wall.

Durch die beiden den Auslaß bildenden Resonatoren werden die ungünstigen, bisher schlecht gedämpften Frequenzen ausgeglichen. Die Innenwand mit der Zwischenschicht verhindert eine Schallabstrahlung von der Gehäuseoberfläche, wobei durch die Wellung der Innenwand die Schallabsorption verbessert und durch die Verspannung eine wirksame Verminderung der Oberflächenschallabstrahlung erreicht wird. Selbstverständlich werden durch die Zwischenschicht auch zu hohe Oberflächentemperaturen des Gehäuses vermieden, wenn dem Schalldämpfer ein Katalysator vorgeordnet ist. Die Zwischenschicht besteht vorzugsweise aus keramischen Fasern mit einem quellenden Bindemittel, wobei durch dessen Quellung die Verspannung der Innenwand gegen die Außenwand des Gehäuses erzielt wird.The two resonators forming the outlet compensate for the unfavorable, previously poorly damped frequencies. The inner wall with the intermediate layer prevents sound radiation from the housing surface, the sound absorption being improved by the corrugation of the inner wall and an effective reduction in the surface sound radiation being achieved by the bracing. Of course, too high surface temperatures of the housing are avoided by the intermediate layer if a catalytic converter is arranged upstream of the silencer. The intermediate layer preferably consists of ceramic fibers with a swelling binder, the swelling of the inner wall against the outer wall of the housing being achieved by its swelling.

Um bei vorgeordnetem Katalysator einen noch besseren Schutz der Gehäusewand zu erzielen, ist erfindungsgemäß in der Kammer, in die der Einlaß mündet, ein vorzugsweise an der nachfolgenden Trennwand befestigter, die Doppelwand des Gehäuses abschirmender zylindrischer Hitzeschild vorgesehen. Schließlich ist der von den Auspuffgasen unmittelbar beaufschlagten Gehäusestirnwand eine Schutzwand mit von den Auspuffgasen unbeaufschlagtem Zwischenraum vorgeordnet, die ein Durchschlagen der vom Katalysator kommenden Flammgase zur Gehäusestirnwand verhindert und zugleich zur Schalldämmung beiträgt. Es ist zwar bereits bekannt, vor der betreffenden Gehäusestirnwand eine weitere Wand vorzusehen (US-PS 3289786), doch kann diese die Funktion einer Schutzwand nicht erfüllen, da der Zwischenraum zwischen den beiden Wänden durch das durchtretende gelochte Rohr direkt von Druckwellen und heißen Gasen beaufschlagt wird.In order to achieve even better protection of the housing wall in the case of an upstream catalytic converter, a cylindrical heat shield, which is preferably attached to the subsequent partition wall and shields the double wall of the housing, is provided in the chamber into which the inlet opens. Finally, the housing end wall directly impacted by the exhaust gases is preceded by a protective wall with a space unoccupied by the exhaust gases, which prevents the flame gases coming from the catalytic converter from penetrating through to the housing end wall and at the same time contributes to sound insulation. It is already known to provide a further wall in front of the relevant housing end wall (US Pat. No. 3,289,786), but this cannot fulfill the function of a protective wall, since the gap between the two walls is directly affected by pressure waves and hot gases due to the perforated tube that passes through becomes.

Die Zeichnung zeigt als Ausführungsbeispiel einen erfindungsgemäßen Auspuffschalldämpfer für eine Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine mit nachgeordnetem Katalysator im Längsschnitt.The drawing shows an exemplary embodiment of an exhaust silencer according to the invention for a two-stroke internal combustion engine with a downstream catalyst in longitudinal section.

Der Schalldämpfer weist ein im wesentlichen zylindrisches Gehäuse 1 auf, das an einem Ende mit einem Einlaß 2 und an seinem anderen Ende mit einem Auslaß 3 versehen ist. Der erfindungsgemäße Schalldämpfer wird als eigene Einheit an den Gegenkonus bzw. das Endrohr einer Auspuffanlage angeschlossen. Aufgrund des hohen Temperaturniveaus und der auftretenden starken Schwingungen ist der Einsatz von absorbierendem Material nicht zuverlässig möglich. Das Gehäuse 1 ist durch steife gewölbte Bleche 4 in drei Kammern I, II, III unterteilt, wobei die die Bleche 4 bzw. Trennwände durchbrechenden Verbindungsrohre 5 so angeordnet sind, daß die Kammern vom Einlaß 2 her in der Reihenfolge I-III-II durchströmt werden. also in den Kammern III und II jeweils eine Richtungsumkehr der durchströmenden Gase erfolgt.The muffler has a substantially cylindrical housing 1 which is provided with an inlet 2 at one end and with an outlet 3 at its other end. The muffler according to the invention is connected as a separate unit to the counter cone or the tail pipe of an exhaust system. Due to the high temperature level and the strong vibrations that occur, the use of absorbent material is not reliably possible. The housing 1 is divided by rigid curved sheets 4 into three chambers I, II, III, the connecting tubes 5 breaking through the sheets 4 or dividing walls being arranged such that the chambers flow through from the inlet 2 in the order I-III-II will. So in the chambers III and II there is a reversal of the direction of the gases flowing through.

Der Auslaß 3 besteht aus einem Lochresonator, der von einem gelochten Innenrohr 6 und einem dieses mit Abstand umhüllenden Außenrohr 7 gebildet wird, und aus einem anschließenden Pfeifenresonator 8. Dabei weist das Gehäuse 1 eine Doppelwand auf, deren gewellte Innenwand 9 durch eine körperschalldämpfende und hitzebeständige Zwischenschicht 10 aus keramischen Fasern mit einem quellenden Bindemittel gegen die Außenwand verspannt ist.The outlet 3 consists of a perforated resonator, which is formed by a perforated inner tube 6 and an outer tube 7 that surrounds it at a distance, and a subsequent pipe resonator 8. The housing 1 has a double wall, the corrugated inner wall 9 of which is damped by structure-borne noise and is heat-resistant Intermediate layer 10 made of ceramic fibers is clamped against the outer wall with a swelling binder.

In der Kammer I, in die der Einlaß 2 mündet, ist ein an der nachfolgenden Trennwand 4 befestigter, die Doppelwand 9, 10 des Gehäuses 1 abschirmender zylinderförmiger Hitzeschild 11 vorgesehen. Da die Auspuffgase durch wenigstens eines der Verbindungsrohre 5 unmittelbar in die Kammer III strömen und dort die Stirnwand 12 beeinträchtigen können, ist der Gehäusestirnwand 12 eine Schutzwand 13 mit Abstand vorgeordnet.In the chamber I, into which the inlet 2 opens, a cylindrical heat shield 11 is provided which is attached to the subsequent partition 4 and shields the double wall 9, 10 of the housing 1. Since the exhaust gases flow directly into the chamber III through at least one of the connecting pipes 5 and can impair the end wall 12 there, a protective wall 13 is arranged at a distance from the housing end wall 12.

Claims (3)

Auspuffschalldämpfer, insbesondere für Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschinen, mit nachgeordnetem Katalysator, bestehend aus einem mit einem Ein- und Auslaß (2, 3) versehenen, durch Trennwände (4) mit Verbindungsrohren (5) in mehrere Kammern (I, II, III) unterteilten, unter zwei- oder mehrfacher Richtungsumkehr durchströmten Gehäuse (1), wobei der Auslaß (3) aus einem von einem gelochten, mit Abstand von einem Außenrohr (7) umhüllten Innenrohr (6) besteht und das Gehäuse (1) eine Doppelwand mit hitzebeständiger Zwischenschicht (10) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den vom gelochten Innenrohr (6) und von dem Außenrohr (7) gebildeten Lochresonator ein Pfeifenresonator (8) anschließt, die Innenwand (9) der Gehäusewand gewellt ist und die körperschalldämpfende Zwischenschicht (10) die Innenwand (9) gegen die Außenwand verspannt.Exhaust silencer, in particular for two-stroke internal combustion engines, with a downstream catalytic converter, consisting of a one with an inlet and outlet (2, 3), divided into several chambers (I, II, III) by partitions (4) with connecting pipes (5), housing (1) through which the direction of flow flows two or more times, the outlet (3) consisting of an inner tube (6) covered by a perforated tube spaced apart from an outer tube (7) and the housing (1) a double wall with a heat-resistant intermediate layer ( 10), characterized in that a pipe resonator (8) adjoins the perforated inner tube (6) and the outer tube (7), the inner wall (9) of the housing wall is corrugated and the structure-borne soundproofing intermediate layer (10) the inner wall (9) clamped against the outer wall. Auspuffschalldämpfer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Kammer (I), In die der Einlaß (2) mündet, ein vorzugsweise an der nachfolgenden Trennwand (4) befestigter, die Doppelwand (9, 10) des Gehäuses (1) abschirmender zylindrischer Hitzeschild (11) vorgesehen ist.Exhaust silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that in the chamber (I) into which the inlet (2) opens there is a cylindrical, preferably fixed to the subsequent partition (4), shielding the double wall (9, 10) of the housing (1) Heat shield (11) is provided. Auspuffschalldämpfer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der von den Auspuffgasen unmittelbar beaufschlagten Gehäusestirnwand (12) eine Schutzwand (13) mit von den Auspuffgasen unbeaufschlagtem Zwischenraum vorgeordnet ist.Exhaust silencer according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing end wall (12) which is directly acted upon by the exhaust gases is preceded by a protective wall (13) with an intermediate space unoccupied by the exhaust gases.
EP91890080A 1990-04-30 1991-04-17 Exhaust silencer, especially for a two-stroke engine with catalytic converter Expired - Lifetime EP0455623B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT98590 1990-04-30
AT985/90 1990-04-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0455623A1 true EP0455623A1 (en) 1991-11-06
EP0455623B1 EP0455623B1 (en) 1993-03-31

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EP91890080A Expired - Lifetime EP0455623B1 (en) 1990-04-30 1991-04-17 Exhaust silencer, especially for a two-stroke engine with catalytic converter

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US (1) US5168132A (en)
EP (1) EP0455623B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04228817A (en)
DE (1) DE59100068D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2040152T3 (en)

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DE102018124198A1 (en) 2017-10-05 2019-04-11 Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. Acoustically tuned silencer
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US11268430B2 (en) 2019-01-17 2022-03-08 Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. Diffusion surface alloyed metal exhaust component with welded edges
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Also Published As

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DE59100068D1 (en) 1993-05-06
ES2040152T3 (en) 1993-10-01
JPH04228817A (en) 1992-08-18
US5168132A (en) 1992-12-01
EP0455623B1 (en) 1993-03-31

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