EP0452718A1 - Annealing basket for the heat treatment of a filling charge - Google Patents

Annealing basket for the heat treatment of a filling charge Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0452718A1
EP0452718A1 EP91104864A EP91104864A EP0452718A1 EP 0452718 A1 EP0452718 A1 EP 0452718A1 EP 91104864 A EP91104864 A EP 91104864A EP 91104864 A EP91104864 A EP 91104864A EP 0452718 A1 EP0452718 A1 EP 0452718A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
annealing
heat treatment
carbon
containers
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91104864A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0452718B1 (en
Inventor
Arno Cloos
Wolf Dr. Hüttner
Roland Dr. Weiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH filed Critical Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0452718A1 publication Critical patent/EP0452718A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0452718B1 publication Critical patent/EP0452718B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0025—Supports; Baskets; Containers; Covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics

Definitions

  • the subject of the innovation are annealing containers for the heat treatment of filling material arranged therein with bottom and side walls made of carbon reinforced with carbon fibers.
  • the task of the innovation is to create annealing containers that avoid the disadvantages of the known boxes.
  • This object is achieved by annealing containers for the heat treatment of contents arranged therein with bottom and side walls, which are characterized in that the container made of carbon fiber reinforced carbon with a porosity of 2-30 vol.% And a carbon fiber content of 30-70 vol. % consists.
  • the container which is preferably open at the top, can also have a lid made of CFC material.
  • the reinforcing fibers are endless stretched carbon fibers.
  • Fiber fabrics, woven fabrics or nonwovens made from endless stretched carbon fibers are impregnated with polymer resins, pitches, bitumen and so-called prepregs are produced, from which open, preferably rectangular or square containers are formed by deep drawing or pressing.
  • Flat lids or lids with a rim in a dimensioning corresponding to the container size can be produced in the same way.
  • the blanks of the containers produced in this way are subjected to a heat treatment in order to convert the materials used to impregnate the fiber fabrics, woven or non-woven fabrics into carbon.
  • Carbonization is usually carried out at a temperature of 200 to 1000 ° C.
  • the porous structure of the material is then compacted by liquid impregnation with phenolic resins, furan resins, polyphenylenes, pitch or mixtures thereof. This is followed by a heat treatment at 200 ° C to 2900 ° C to graphitize the wall and floor material or the lid of the container.
  • the material structure can also be compacted by chemical deposition of carbon in the pores under vacuum.
  • the proportion of reinforcing carbon fibers in the graphitized material is 30-70% by volume, preferably 45-60% by volume.
  • the compressed material has a low porosity or a low pore content of 2-30, preferably 5-15 vol.%.
  • the surfaces of the container and the lid are metallized by deposition of metals under vacuum, for example with tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, copper / Nickel alloys.
  • metal oxide layers such as zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, can also be deposited for surface protection.
  • Good surface protection can also be achieved by siliconizing and / or converting it into SiC or glazing with silicon dioxide and / or boron compounds of the surface of the CFC material can be achieved. Protection is also possible by applying ceramic layers. Particularly suitable materials are TiN, BN and TiC.
  • CFC material is already sufficiently inert to the filling material and is heat-stable when used, in which the filling material to be calcined or sintered is subjected to a heat treatment of 500 ° C to 2500 ° C in a reducing or inert atmosphere in push-through ovens or deck ovens.
  • the containers according to the innovation can be produced in different sizes up to about 100 x 100 cm with side wall heights of 1-50 cm.
  • the size depends on the size of the furnace in which the annealing container for the heat treatment of the filling material is to be made later.
  • a standard size is 30 x 40 x 10 cm.
  • Preferred wall thicknesses are 1-8 mm.
  • the attached figure shows an annealing container 1 according to the invention in longitudinal section with bottom 2 and side walls 3 made of carbon material reinforced with carbon fibers.

Abstract

Annealing basket for the heat treatment of a filling charge to be arranged therein, having a bottom and side walls of carbon fibre-reinforced carbon having a porosity of 2-30 % by volume and a carbon fibre content of 30-70 % by volume. Preferably, the basket material is provided with a protective surface layer of metal or metal oxide, or the surface is silicised or glazed with SiO2 or boron compounds or protected by ceramic layers. <IMAGE>

Description

Gegenstand der Neuerung sind Glühbehälter für die Wärmebehandlung von darin angeordnetem Füllgut mit Boden und Seitenwänden aus mit Kohlenstoffasern verstärktem Kohlenstoff.The subject of the innovation are annealing containers for the heat treatment of filling material arranged therein with bottom and side walls made of carbon reinforced with carbon fibers.

Offene Behälter zum Glühen und Sintern von Formkörpern und Teilen aus pulvermetallurgischen Werkstoffen sind bekannt und werden in der Praxis eingesetzt. Derartige Behälter oder Kästen sind aus Metall, Keramik, SiC-Keramik und anderen Materialien. Die Kästen sind im Falle von Metall nicht ausreichend korrosionsbeständig und verformen sich durch Wärmespannungen. Keramikkästen sind spröde und haben infolge der erforderlichen dicken Materialwände hohes Gewicht.Open containers for the annealing and sintering of moldings and parts made of powder metallurgical materials are known and are used in practice. Such containers or boxes are made of metal, ceramic, SiC ceramic and other materials. In the case of metal, the boxes are not sufficiently corrosion-resistant and deform due to thermal stresses. Ceramic boxes are brittle and, due to the thick material walls required, are heavy.

Aufgabe der Neuerung ist es, Glühbehälter zu schaffen, die die Nachteile der bekannten Kästen vermeiden.The task of the innovation is to create annealing containers that avoid the disadvantages of the known boxes.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch Glühbehälter für die Wärmebehandlung von darin angeordnetem Füllgut mit Boden- und Seitenwänden, die dadurch gekennzeichnet sind, daß der Behälter aus mit Kohlenstoffasern verstärktem Kohlenstoff einer Porosität von 2-30 Vol.% und einem Kohlenstoffaseranteil von 30-70 Vol.% besteht.This object is achieved by annealing containers for the heat treatment of contents arranged therein with bottom and side walls, which are characterized in that the container made of carbon fiber reinforced carbon with a porosity of 2-30 vol.% And a carbon fiber content of 30-70 vol. % consists.

Der vorzugsweise oben offene Behälter kann auch einen Deckel aus CFC-Material aufweisen. Bei den Verstärkungsfasern handelt es sich um endlose gereckte Kohlenstoffasern.The container, which is preferably open at the top, can also have a lid made of CFC material. The reinforcing fibers are endless stretched carbon fibers.

Die Verwendung von mit Kohlenstoffasern verstärktem Kohlenstoff zur Herstellung von derartigen Behältern hat den Vorteil, daß dünnwandige Behälter hergestellt werden können, die eine gute chemische Beständigkeit aufweisen, nicht spröde sind und in der Steifigkeit auch Metallbehältern überlegen sind.The use of carbon reinforced with carbon fibers for the production of such containers has the advantage that thin-walled containers can be produced which have good chemical resistance, are not brittle and are also superior to metal containers in terms of rigidity.

Fasergelege, Gewebe oder Vliese aus endlosen gereckten Kohlenstoffasern werden mit Polymerharzen, Pechen, Bitumen getränkt und sogenannte Prepregs hergestellt, aus denen durch Tiefziehen oder Pressen offene, vorzugsweise rechteckige oder quadratische Behälter ausgebildet werden. Flache Deckel oder Deckel mit Rand in einer der Behältergröße entsprechenden Dimensionierung können auf die gleiche Weise hergestellt werden. Die auf diese Art und Weise hergestellten Rohlinge der Behälter werden einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen, um die zum Imprägnieren der Fasergelege, Gewebe oder Vliese verwendeten Materialien in Kohlenstoff zu überführen. Das Karbonisieren erfolgt üblicherweise bei einer Temperatur von 200 bis 1000°C. Anschließend wird die poröse Struktur des Materials verdichtet durch Flüssigimprägnierung mit Phenolharzen, Furanharzen, Polyphenylenen, Pech oder Mischungen derselben. Danach erfolgt eine Wärmebehandlung bei 200°C bis 2900°C, um das Wand- und Bodenmaterial bzw. den Deckel der Behälter zu graphitieren. Die Verdichtung der Materialstruktur kann auch durch chemische Abscheidung von Kohlenstoff in den Poren unter Vakuum erfolgen.Fiber fabrics, woven fabrics or nonwovens made from endless stretched carbon fibers are impregnated with polymer resins, pitches, bitumen and so-called prepregs are produced, from which open, preferably rectangular or square containers are formed by deep drawing or pressing. Flat lids or lids with a rim in a dimensioning corresponding to the container size can be produced in the same way. The blanks of the containers produced in this way are subjected to a heat treatment in order to convert the materials used to impregnate the fiber fabrics, woven or non-woven fabrics into carbon. Carbonization is usually carried out at a temperature of 200 to 1000 ° C. The porous structure of the material is then compacted by liquid impregnation with phenolic resins, furan resins, polyphenylenes, pitch or mixtures thereof. This is followed by a heat treatment at 200 ° C to 2900 ° C to graphitize the wall and floor material or the lid of the container. The material structure can also be compacted by chemical deposition of carbon in the pores under vacuum.

Der Anteil an verstärkenden Kohlenstoffasern im graphitierten Material beträgt 30-70 Vol.%, vorzugsweise 45-60 Vol.%. Das verdichtete Material weist eine geringe Porosität oder einen geringen Porenanteil von 2-30, vorzugsweise von 5-15 Vol.% auf.The proportion of reinforcing carbon fibers in the graphitized material is 30-70% by volume, preferably 45-60% by volume. The compressed material has a low porosity or a low pore content of 2-30, preferably 5-15 vol.%.

Um die Oberfläche der Behälter und gegebenenfalls den Deckel gegen chemischen Angriff besser zu schützen, insbesondere gegen Oxidation, ist es bevorzugt, daß die Oberflächen des Behälters und des Deckels durch Ablagerung von Metallen unter Vakuum metallisiert sind, z.B. mit Tantal, Niob, Molybdän, Kupfer/Nickellegierungen. Es können aber auch Metalloxidschichten, wie Zirkonoxid, Aluminiumoxid, zum Oberflächenschutz abgeschieden werden. Ein guter Oberflächenschutz kann auch durch Silizieren und/oder Umwandeln in SiC oder Verglasen mit Siliciumdioxid und/oder Borverbindungen der Oberfläche des CFC-Materials erreicht werden. Ein Schutz ist auch durch Aufbringen keramischer Schichten möglich. Besonders geeignete Materialien sind TiN, BN und TiC. Der geeignete Oberflächenschutz richtet sich nach dem späteren Verwendungszweck, d.h. den in den Behältern zu behandelnden Füllgütern. Kleben des Füllgutes an den Wänden oder chemische Reaktionen des Materials mit dem Füllgut müssen verhindert werden. In der Regel ist CFC-Material bereits ausreichend inert gegenüber Füllgut und wärmestabil bei der Verwendung, bei denen das zu glühende oder zu sinternde Füllgut in Durchschuböfen oder Etagenöfen einer Wärmebehandlung von 500°C bis 2500°C in reduzierender oder inerter Atmosphäre unterzogen wird.In order to better protect the surface of the container and optionally the lid against chemical attack, in particular against oxidation, it is preferred that the surfaces of the container and the lid are metallized by deposition of metals under vacuum, for example with tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, copper / Nickel alloys. However, metal oxide layers, such as zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, can also be deposited for surface protection. Good surface protection can also be achieved by siliconizing and / or converting it into SiC or glazing with silicon dioxide and / or boron compounds of the surface of the CFC material can be achieved. Protection is also possible by applying ceramic layers. Particularly suitable materials are TiN, BN and TiC. The suitable surface protection depends on the later intended use, ie the contents to be treated in the containers. Sticking of the filling material on the walls or chemical reactions of the material with the filling material must be prevented. As a rule, CFC material is already sufficiently inert to the filling material and is heat-stable when used, in which the filling material to be calcined or sintered is subjected to a heat treatment of 500 ° C to 2500 ° C in a reducing or inert atmosphere in push-through ovens or deck ovens.

Im Falle der späteren Verwendung unter oxidierenden Bedingungen ist ein Oberflächenschutz des CFC-Materials gegenüber Oxidation bevorzugt.In the event of later use under oxidizing conditions, surface protection of the CFC material against oxidation is preferred.

Die neuerungsgemäßen Behälter können in unterschiedlichen Größen bis zu etwa 100 x 100 cm mit Seitenwandhöhen von 1-50 cm hergestellt werden. Die Größe hängt von der Größe der Öfen ab, in denen später die Glühbehälter zur Wärmebehandlung des Füllgutes erfolgen soll. Eine Standardgröße ist beispielsweise 30 x 40 x 10 cm. Bevorzugte Wandstärken sind 1-8 mm.The containers according to the innovation can be produced in different sizes up to about 100 x 100 cm with side wall heights of 1-50 cm. The size depends on the size of the furnace in which the annealing container for the heat treatment of the filling material is to be made later. For example, a standard size is 30 x 40 x 10 cm. Preferred wall thicknesses are 1-8 mm.

Die beigefügte Figur zeigt einen neuerungsgemäßen Glühbehälter 1 im Längsschnitt mit Boden 2 und Seitenwänden 3 aus mit Kohlenstoffasern verstärktem Kohlenstoffmaterial.The attached figure shows an annealing container 1 according to the invention in longitudinal section with bottom 2 and side walls 3 made of carbon material reinforced with carbon fibers.

Claims (4)

Glühbehälter für die Wärmebehandlung von darin anzuordnendem Füllgut mit Boden und Seitenwänden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Behälter aus mit Kohlenstoffasern verstärktem Kohlenstoff einer Porosität von 2-30 Vol.% und einem Kohlenstoffaseranteil von 30-70 Vol.% besteht.Annealing containers for the heat treatment of contents to be arranged therein with bottom and side walls,
characterized by
that the container consists of carbon fiber reinforced carbon with a porosity of 2-30 vol.% and a carbon fiber content of 30-70 vol.%. Glühbehälter nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der oben offene Behälter einen Deckel aufweist.Annealing container according to claim 1,
characterized by
that the open container has a lid. Glühbehälter nach Ansprüchen 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß er eine rechteckige oder quadratische Form aufweist.Annealing container according to claims 1 or 2,
characterized by
that it has a rectangular or square shape. Glühbehälter nach jedem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das mit Kohlenstoffasern verstärkte Material eine dünne Oberflächenschutzschicht aus Metall, Metalloxid aufweist oder die Oberfläche siliziert oder mit SiO₂ oder Borverbindungen verglast ist oder durch keramische Schichten geschützt ist.Annealing container according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized by
that the material reinforced with carbon fibers has a thin surface protective layer of metal, metal oxide or the surface is siliconized or glazed with SiO₂ or boron compounds or is protected by ceramic layers.
EP91104864A 1990-04-19 1991-03-27 Annealing basket for the heat treatment of a filling charge Expired - Lifetime EP0452718B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9004458U DE9004458U1 (en) 1990-04-19 1990-04-19
DE9004458U 1990-04-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0452718A1 true EP0452718A1 (en) 1991-10-23
EP0452718B1 EP0452718B1 (en) 1994-06-22

Family

ID=6853030

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91104864A Expired - Lifetime EP0452718B1 (en) 1990-04-19 1991-03-27 Annealing basket for the heat treatment of a filling charge

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0452718B1 (en)
DE (2) DE9004458U1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19647248A1 (en) * 1996-11-15 1998-05-20 Ald Aichelin Gmbh Workpiece carrier, unit for removal of workpieces from a roller hearth furnace, and heat treatment installation
DE19651408A1 (en) * 1996-12-11 1998-06-18 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Workpiece carrier for heat treatment of workpieces
EP0899346A2 (en) * 1997-08-27 1999-03-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Workpiece carrier for heat treatment of workpieces
DE10117987A1 (en) * 2001-04-10 2002-10-31 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Charging frame used for heat treatment and cooling of metal parts, e.g. roller bearing parts, to be hardened is partially screened over the height of one side
WO2003069689A2 (en) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-21 Epcos Ag Ceramic multilayer component, method for the production thereof and retaining device

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29512569U1 (en) * 1995-08-04 1995-11-30 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Carrier for hardness goods
EP2452651A1 (en) * 2010-11-15 2012-05-16 Ivoclar Vivadent AG Dental furnace with susceptor container
DE102020000510A1 (en) 2020-01-28 2021-07-29 Saint-Gobain Industriekeramik Rödental GmbH Transport tray for transporting and heating chemical substances

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2411703A1 (en) * 1977-12-14 1979-07-13 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd MULTI-LAYER INSULATION MATERIAL AND ITS PRODUCTION PROCESS
FR2475970A1 (en) * 1980-02-01 1981-08-21 Voisin & Pascal Carton Heat formable sheet mfr. by hot pressing dried paper paste - contg. mineral and thermoplastic fibres opt. other mineral and/or plastics components; then firing to burn out organics
US4900247A (en) * 1988-05-26 1990-02-13 Kanto Yakin Kogyo K.K. High-temperature heating furnace

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2411703A1 (en) * 1977-12-14 1979-07-13 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd MULTI-LAYER INSULATION MATERIAL AND ITS PRODUCTION PROCESS
FR2475970A1 (en) * 1980-02-01 1981-08-21 Voisin & Pascal Carton Heat formable sheet mfr. by hot pressing dried paper paste - contg. mineral and thermoplastic fibres opt. other mineral and/or plastics components; then firing to burn out organics
US4900247A (en) * 1988-05-26 1990-02-13 Kanto Yakin Kogyo K.K. High-temperature heating furnace

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19647248A1 (en) * 1996-11-15 1998-05-20 Ald Aichelin Gmbh Workpiece carrier, unit for removal of workpieces from a roller hearth furnace, and heat treatment installation
DE19647248C2 (en) * 1996-11-15 2002-05-08 Aichelin Gmbh Plant for heat treatment of workpieces
DE19651408A1 (en) * 1996-12-11 1998-06-18 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Workpiece carrier for heat treatment of workpieces
DE19651408C2 (en) * 1996-12-11 2001-04-19 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Workpiece carrier for heat treatment of workpieces and use of the workpiece carrier
EP0899346A2 (en) * 1997-08-27 1999-03-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Workpiece carrier for heat treatment of workpieces
EP0899346A3 (en) * 1997-08-27 1999-09-15 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Workpiece carrier for heat treatment of workpieces
DE10117987A1 (en) * 2001-04-10 2002-10-31 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Charging frame used for heat treatment and cooling of metal parts, e.g. roller bearing parts, to be hardened is partially screened over the height of one side
WO2003069689A2 (en) * 2002-02-13 2003-08-21 Epcos Ag Ceramic multilayer component, method for the production thereof and retaining device
WO2003069689A3 (en) * 2002-02-13 2004-03-11 Epcos Ag Ceramic multilayer component, method for the production thereof and retaining device
US7508112B2 (en) 2002-02-13 2009-03-24 Epcos Ag Ceramic multilayer component, method for the production thereof and retaining device
US7781945B2 (en) 2002-02-13 2010-08-24 Epcos Ag Ceramic multilayer component, method for the production thereof, and retaining device
EP2568246A3 (en) * 2002-02-13 2013-12-25 Epcos Ag Retaining device for ceramic multilayer component

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0452718B1 (en) 1994-06-22
DE59101974D1 (en) 1994-07-28
DE9004458U1 (en) 1990-06-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE60004899T2 (en) SiC-C / C composite and its uses
EP0976698B1 (en) Method of producing a protective coating containing silicon carbide
DE10257683B4 (en) Preparation of a needled fiber preform for producing a composite material part
DE69927854T2 (en) METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SILICON CARBIDE COMPOSITE
DE2556679C2 (en) Composite material and process for its manufacture
DE69828168T2 (en) CARBON COMPOSITES
DE3616578A1 (en) ALUMINUM OXIDE COMPOSITE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
JPS6353231A (en) Infiltration treatment of borocarbide -, boron- and boride-reactive metal thermet
DD283368A5 (en) PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A SELF-SUPPORTING BODY
DE3516587A1 (en) POROESIC SILICON CARBIDE SINTER AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
DE3822578A1 (en) Coated ceramic filler
DD284699A5 (en) METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SELF-SUPPORTING CERAMIC COMPOSITE AND SELF-SUPPORTING CERAMIC COMPOSITE MATERIAL
DD286135A5 (en) METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SELF-SUPPORTING CERAMIC COMPOSITE
EP0452718B1 (en) Annealing basket for the heat treatment of a filling charge
EP1338583B1 (en) Fibre-containing ceramic composites with high thermal conductivity
WO1991018846A1 (en) Reaction-bonded mullite-containing ceramic, its formation and use
DE3933039A1 (en) Inhibiting oxidn. of carbon fibre reinforced carbon moulding - by chemical vapour infiltration or deposition of pyrolytic carbon and opt. silicon carbide
FI92925C (en) Method of making a self-supporting body and self-supporting material
DE19634855A1 (en) Process for the production of an oxidation protection for porous ceramics based on SiC and Si¶3¶N¶4¶
WO2011098319A1 (en) Crucible for photovoltaics
DE69925789T3 (en) Component for brakes
EP1284251B1 (en) Silicon carbide-based, porous, lightweight, heat-resistant structural material and manufacturing method therefor
DE19750599A1 (en) Metal-ceramic construction element - its structure and its manufacture
EP0552402B1 (en) Refractory material for an electrolysis cell, process for the production and use thereof
DE60016818T2 (en) Carbon fiber composites

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19910819

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19930913

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: BARZANO' E ZANARDO ROMA S.P.A.

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19940622

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59101974

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19940728

ET Fr: translation filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19950127

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19950316

Year of fee payment: 5

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19960327

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19960327

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19961129

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050327

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20060308

Year of fee payment: 16

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20071002