EP0451251A1 - Melanges polymers de polycarbonate, de terpolymere styrenique et de fibres de verre - Google Patents
Melanges polymers de polycarbonate, de terpolymere styrenique et de fibres de verreInfo
- Publication number
- EP0451251A1 EP0451251A1 EP90916586A EP90916586A EP0451251A1 EP 0451251 A1 EP0451251 A1 EP 0451251A1 EP 90916586 A EP90916586 A EP 90916586A EP 90916586 A EP90916586 A EP 90916586A EP 0451251 A1 EP0451251 A1 EP 0451251A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- terpolymer
- polycarbonate
- weight percent
- compositions
- glass fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to polymer blend compositions comprising a polycarbonate, a styrenic terpolymer of styrene, acrylonitrile and maleic anhydride, and glass fibers. More particularly, the present invention relates to such polymer blend compositions exhibiting an advantageous combination of physical properties including moduli and heat deflection temperatures.
- Polymer blend compositions for use in engineering applications should exhibit a combination of heat resistance, good strength and good modulus. Additionally, the blend compositions should exhibit good melt flow properties which facilitate processing and molding of the blend compositions.
- Polycarbonates are popular blend components owing to their toughness and relatively high softening temperatures. However, owing to their relatively poor melt flow characteristics, polycarbonates are often blended with one or more additional polymers to improve the melt flow properties. While the resulting blends generally exhibit improved melt flow properties, other properties such as heat resistance, impact strength and the like are reduced.
- the Grabowski U.S. Patent No. 3,130,177 discloses blends of polycarbonates with polybutadiene, styrene, acrylonitrile graft polymers while the Grabowski U.S. Patent No. 3,162,695 discloses blends of polycarbonates with butadiene-s tyrene, methyl methacrylate, styrene graft copolymers.
- the Liebig et al U.S. Patent No. 4,205,140 discloses a thermoplastic molding composition comprising a blend of a polycarbonate, a diene rubber graft polymer such as ABS, and a styrene polymer.
- the Parsons copending application Serial No . 1 6 5 , 462 dis clo s es blend compo s itions compri s ing polycarbonate , styrene-acrylontrile-maleic anhydride terpolymer and a small amount of an ABS resin which serves as a blending compatibilizer between the polycarbonate and the styrene terpolymer .
- the compositions exhibit an advantageous combination of impact strength , heat resistance and modulus.
- polymer blend compositions which exhibit an advantageous combination of physical properties including heat resistance, good strength and good modulus. It is an additional object of the invention to provide polymer blend compositions which exhibit an advantageous combination of heat resistance, strength and modulus which allows the blends to be used in various engineering thermoplastic blend applications. It is a further object of the invention to provide such compositions which exhibit improved properties, particularly as compared with the individual components of the compositions.
- blend compositions of the present invention which comprise polycarbonate, styrene-acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride terpolymer and glass fibers. More particularly, the glass fibers are included in an amount of from about 5 to about 40 weight percent based on the polycarbonate, the terpolymer and the glass fibers.
- the polycarbonate is included in an amount of from about 15 to about 65 weight percent, and more preferably from about 20 to about 35 weight percent
- the terpolymer is included in an amount of from about 10 to about 80 weight percent, and more preferably, from about 35 to about 75 weight percent.
- the compositions exhibit an advantageous combination of physical properties, including good strength, modulus and heat resistance.
- the blends may optionally contain a small amount of an ABS resin in order to provide further improvements, for example in surface appearance and impact strength, without significantly affecting other advantageous properties of the blend compositions.
- the polymer blend compositions of the invention comprise polycarbonate, styrene-acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride terpolymer, and glass fibers in an amount of from about 5 to about 40 weight percent based on the polycarbonate, the terpolymer and the glass fibers.
- the blend compositions exhibit an advantageous combination of strength, modulus and heat resistance properties.
- the polycarbonate component included in the blend compositions may be any aromatic homo-polycarbonate or co-polycarbonate known in the art.
- the polycarbonate component may be prepared in accordance with any of the processes generally known in the art, for example, by the interfacial polycondensation process, polycondensation in a homogeneous phase or by transesterification. These processes and the associated reactants, catalysts, solvents and conditions are well known in the art and are described in, among others, U.S. Patents Nos.
- Suitable polycarbonates are based, for example, on one or more of the following bisphenols: dihydroxy diphenyls, bis-(hydroxyphenyl)- alkanes, bis-(hydroxyphenyl)-cycloalkanes, bis- (hydroxyphenyl)-sulphides, bis-(hydroxyphenyl)-ethers, bis-(hydroxyphenyl)-ketones, bis-(hydroxyphenyl)- sulphoxides, bis-(hydroxyphenyl)-sulphones, ⁇ , ⁇ -bis- (hydroxyphenyl)-diisopropyl benzenes, and their nucleus- alkylated and nucleus-halogenated derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
- bisphenols are 4,4'- dihydroxy diphenyl, 2,2-bis-( hydroxyphenyl)-propane, 2,4-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-metnyl butane, 1,1-bis-(4- hydroxyphenyl)-cyclohexane, ⁇ , ⁇ -bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-p- diisopropyl benzene, 2,2-bis(3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)- propane, 2,2-bis-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane, bis- (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-methane, 2,2-bis-(3,5- dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane, bis-(3,5-dimethyl-4- hydroxyphenyl)-sulphone, 2,4-bis-(3,5-dimethyl-4- hydroxyphenyl)-2-methyl butane, 1,1-bis-(3,5-dimethyl-4-
- the polycarbonate component is included in the blend compositions in an amount sufficient to provide the blend compositions with good tensile and flexural strengths and good heat resistance.
- the polycarbonate component is included in an amount of from about 15 to about 65 weight percent based on the total weight of the polycarbonate, the terpolymer and glass fibers. More preferably, the polycarbonate is included in an amount of from about 20 to about 35 weight percent based on the polycarbonate, the terpolymer and the glass fibers.
- the present inventors have discovered that 20 or more weight percent of polycarbonate provides the compositions with tensile and flexural strengths greater than those of compositions comprising the terpolymer and glass fibers and as compared with compositions containing polycarbonate and glass fibers.
- the second component included in the blend compositions comprises a styrene-acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride terpolymer.
- styrene comprises a majority of the terpolymer composition whereby the terpolymer provides the resultant blend composition with rigidity, good modulus and heat resistance.
- the maleic anhydride is included in the terpolymer in an amount sufficient to enhance the properties of the styrene component.
- the maleic anhydride comprises f.rom about 4 to about 25 weight percent of the terpolymer.
- the acrylonitrile component of the terpolymer is preferably used in an amount not greater than about 20 weight percent in order that the blend compositions exhibit good melt stability and therefore good processing and molding properties. More preferably, from about 5 to about 20 weight percent acrylonitrile is included in the terpolymer.
- the terpolymer is preferably formed in a continuous polymerization process as is well known in the art.
- the preparation of the styrene- acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride terpolymer may be controlled to form a product comprising a mixture of the terpolymer and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer.
- This mixture of the terpolymer and the copolymer which may result during the production of the terpolymer may also be used in the blend component compositions of the invention as is set forth in the examples.
- the styrene-acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride terpolymer is used in an amount sufficient to provide the blends with good rigidity, good modulus and high heat resistance, particularly as indicated by the heat deflection temperature.
- the terpolymer is used in an amount of from about 10 to about 80 weight percent based on the total weight of the polycarbonate, the terpolymer and the glass fibers. More preferably, the terpolymer is included in an amount of from about 35 to about 75 weight percent based on the polycarbonate, the terpolymer and the glass fibers.
- the third component of the polymer blend compositions comprises glass fibers which are used in an amount of from about 5 to about 40 weight percent based on the polycarbonate, the terpolymer and the glass fibers.
- the glass fibers provide the blend compositions with improved strengths and moduli.
- Various glass fibers are commercially available and are suitable for use in the present compositions. While various sized glass fibers may be employed in the present compositions, it is preferred that the glass fibers have an average length of from about 0.05 to about 0.5 inches.
- glass fibers suitable for use in the present invention are commercially available from Owens-Corning Fiberglass Corporation.
- the glass fibers are included in the present compositions in an amount of from about 10 to about 30 weight percent based on the polycarbonate, the terpolymer and the glass fibers.
- the blend compositions of the invention may optionally include an ABS resin.
- the ABS resin is used in an amount sufficient to improve compatibilization between the polycarbonate and the styrene terpolymer components whereby the resultant blend compositions retain the impact strength of the polycarbonate component, the rigidity and good modulus of the styrene terpolymer component and the heat resistance of both the polycarbonate and the terpolymer components.
- the ABS resin should be used in an amount less than 20 weight percent based on the total weight of the composition.
- the ABS resin should also be used in an amount of at least about 4 weight percent. In a preferred embodiment, the ABS resin is used in an amount of from about 4 to about 19 weight percent.
- the ABS resin comprises a rigid graft polymer grafted to a diene rubber substrate.
- the rigid graft polymer is formed from styrene and acrylonitrile and the diene rubber substrate comprises polybutadiene.
- the ABS resin may include diene rubbers other than polybutadiene as is well known in the art. In the context of the present application, reference to the ABS resin component will also include these equivalent polymers.
- ABS resin comprising a rigid graft polymer comprising styrene and acrylonitrile grafted to polybutadiene is the preferred ABS resin.
- the weight ratio of styrene to acrylonitrile in the rigid graft portion of the ABS resin is in the range of about 1:1 to about 5:1 so that the amount of styrene is equal to or greater than the amount of acrylonitrile included in the graft portion.
- the ABS resin component may be prepared according to methods also well known in the art. As is known in the art, methods of producing ABS resin may result in a product comprising a mixture of ABS graft and ungrafted styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer. These mixtures are also suitable for use in the invention.
- the ABS resin should contain at least 30 weight percent, and preferably 50 weight percent, of the diene rubber substrate in order to effect blending compatibilization between the polycarbonate and the terpolymer components.
- the ABS resin comprises from about 50 to about 75 weight percent of the diene rubber substrate, and more preferably about 60 to about 70 weight percent.
- the blend compositions of the invention may be produced in conventional mixing and compounding apparatus including, for example, single and twin-screw extruders, mixing rolls and internal mixers.
- the blend compositions may also include various conventional additives including compounding agents, sizing agents, stabilizers, lubricants, flow aids, flame proofing agents, mold release agents, antistatic agents, and the like. Examples of such additives are set forth in U.S. Patents Nos. 4,289,668 and 4,414,342.
- PC-1 A polycarbonate obtained from Mobay Chemical Company under the designation M-50.
- PC-2 A polycarbonate obtained from General
- SAMA-1 This terpolymer contained about 21-22 weight percent maleic anhydride and was prepared under steady state conditions in a single reactor. The feed percentages employed were about 81 weight percent styrene, about 9 percent acrylonitrile and about 10-11 percent maleic anhydride. Conversion of the monomer to polymer was approximately 50 percent at which time the resulting warm mass was pumped continuously to a vacuum extruder where unreacted styrene and acrylonitrile were removed and recycled to the reactor. The terpolymer contained little or no styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer as indicated by the absence of a Tg at 104-108°C using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis.
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- SAMA-2 This terpolymer contained about 10-11 weight percent maleic anhydride and was prepared in a two reactor system by conducting the resulting warm mass described in the preparation of SAMA-1 into a second reactor where additional polymerization of the unreacted styrene and acrylonitrile occurred. This terpolymer contained up to about 50 weight percent of styrene- acrylonitrile copolymer as indicated by two Tg's appearing in the DSC analysis.
- GF-1 Glass fibers (chopped strand) obtained from Owings-Corning Fiberglass Corporation under the designation OCF 408 and having an average length of 3/16 inch.
- GF-2 Glass fibers (chopped strand) obtained from Owings-Corning Fiberglass Corporation under the designation OCF 497 and having an average length of 1/8 inch.
- ABS This ABS resin comprised 50 weight percent of a polybutadiene substrate and 50 weight percent of a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer grafted thereto.
- the weight ratio of styrene to acrylonitrile in the grafting copolymer was 3:1.
- a composition according to the present invention was prepared comprising 30 weight percent PC-1, 40 weight percent SAMA-1 and 30 weightpercent GF-1.
- blending was done using a single screw extruder with a low compression screw, and the resulting blends were pelletized and molded into test specimens.
- impact strength was measured according to ASTM-D256 (reversed notched impact strength according to Method E)
- heat distortion was measured according to ASTM-D648 using an unannealed, injection molded sample at 265 psi and the strength and modulus were measured according to ASTM-D638.
- the composition of this example exhibited a reverse notch impact strength of 3.7 ft-lb/in.
- compositions were prepared comprising PC-1, SAMA-2 and GF-1 or GF-2.
- the weight percentages of these components were varied as set forth in Table I.
- the compositions were also subjected to measurement of reverse notch impact strength, heat distortion temperature, tensile strength and modulus and flexural strength and modulus, the results of which are also set forth in Table I.
- compositions 2A-2D are according to the present invention while Composition 2E is a comparative composition in that no polycarbonate is included therein.
- the physical properties of the compositions of the invention set forth in Table I indicate that Composition 2C containing 22.5 weight percent polycarbonate, 67.5 weight percent terpolymer and 10 weight percent glass fibers exhibits a particularly advantageous combination of measured physical properties, particularly heat distortion temperature and tensile and flexural strengths and moduli.
- compositions according to the present invention and comprising PC-1, SAMA-2 and GF-1 or GF-2.
- the weight percentages of the components were varied as set forth in Table II.
- the resulting compositions were subjected to measurement of reverse notch impact strength, heat distortion temperature, and tensile and flexural strength and moduli, the results of which are also set forth in Table II.
- compositions 3A-3E are according to the present invention and exhibit advantageous properties while Composition 3F is a comparative composition which does not contain polycarbonate. Additionally, Composition 3D according to the present invention exhibits a particularly advantageous combination of physical properties including heat distortion temperature and tensile and flexural strength and modulus.
- compositions according to the present invention further including an ABS resin.
- these compositions comprised PC-1, SAMA-2, GF-1 and ABS in the amounts set forth in Table III.
- the resulting compositions were subjected to measurement of reverse notch impact strength, heat distortion temperature and tensile and flexural strengths and moduli, the results of which are also set forth in Table III.
- compositions 4D-4F containing 20 weight percent glass fibers exhibited improved properties as compared with Compositions 4A-4C containing 10 weight percent glass fibers . Additionally, compositions 4C and 4 F contain preferred amounts of the polycarbonate component .
- compositions also include the optional ABS resin component.
- the weight percentages of the compositions are set forth in Table IV. These compositions were subjected to measurement of reverse notched and unnotched impact strength, heat distortion temperature and tensile and flexural strengths and moduli, the results of which are also set forth in Table IV.
- compositions 5B and 5E illustrate the increase of tensile and flexural strength obtained with an increase in the polycarbonate content in the blend.
- Compositions 5C and 5D show the effect of varying the level of the ABS resin.
- Compositions 5A and 5E demonstrate the effect of increased glass levels on the moduli and strengths of the compositions.
- compositions according to the present invention containing higher amounts of glass fiber.
- the compositions comprised PC-2, SAMA-2, GF-1 and, optionally, ABS.
- the weight percentages of the components included in these compositions are set forth in Table V.
- the compositions were subjected to meas-urement of reversed notch and unnotched impact strength, heat distortion temperature and tensile and flexural strengths and moduli, the results of which are also set forth in Table V.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US42952989A | 1989-10-31 | 1989-10-31 | |
US429529 | 1989-10-31 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0451251A1 true EP0451251A1 (fr) | 1991-10-16 |
EP0451251A4 EP0451251A4 (en) | 1992-10-28 |
Family
ID=23703644
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19900916586 Withdrawn EP0451251A4 (en) | 1989-10-31 | 1990-10-17 | Polymer blends of polycarabonate, styrenic terpolymer and glass fibers |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0451251A4 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH04502646A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2028585A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1991006605A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005040620A1 (de) * | 2004-10-11 | 2006-04-13 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Glasfaserverstärkte Polymer-Zusammensetzungen |
DE102005034742A1 (de) | 2005-07-21 | 2007-01-25 | Basf Ag | Beleuchtungselemente aus Polyestern |
ATE517149T1 (de) * | 2009-05-11 | 2011-08-15 | Basf Se | Verstärkte styrolcopolymere |
CN106519622B (zh) * | 2015-09-14 | 2018-06-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种高分子聚碳酸酯合金材料及其制备方法 |
CN118271818A (zh) * | 2022-12-30 | 2024-07-02 | 金发科技股份有限公司 | 一种热氧老化性能稳定的聚碳酸酯合金组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0196111A2 (fr) * | 1985-03-29 | 1986-10-01 | Sumitomo Dow Limited | Composition de résine thermoplastique |
EP0331970A2 (fr) * | 1988-03-08 | 1989-09-13 | Ge Chemicals, Inc. | Mélanges de polymères de polycarbonates, de tercopolymères de styrène et de résines ABS |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4172103A (en) * | 1973-06-09 | 1979-10-23 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Polycarbonate moulding compounds |
US3966842A (en) * | 1974-07-18 | 1976-06-29 | The Dow Chemical Company | Thermoplastic molding compositions of rubber-reinforced styrene/maleic anhydride resins and polycarbonate resins |
DE2653146A1 (de) * | 1976-11-23 | 1978-05-24 | Bayer Ag | Thermoplastische formmassen |
US4487881A (en) * | 1983-10-03 | 1984-12-11 | Mobay Chemical Corporation | Impact improvement of reinforced polycarbonate/ABS blends |
DE3615607A1 (de) * | 1986-05-09 | 1987-11-12 | Basf Ag | Thermoplastische formmasse auf basis von polycarbonat, asa und vinylaromaten/an enthaltenden copolymerisaten |
-
1990
- 1990-10-17 EP EP19900916586 patent/EP0451251A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-10-17 JP JP51559290A patent/JPH04502646A/ja active Pending
- 1990-10-17 WO PCT/US1990/005953 patent/WO1991006605A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-10-25 CA CA 2028585 patent/CA2028585A1/fr not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0196111A2 (fr) * | 1985-03-29 | 1986-10-01 | Sumitomo Dow Limited | Composition de résine thermoplastique |
EP0331970A2 (fr) * | 1988-03-08 | 1989-09-13 | Ge Chemicals, Inc. | Mélanges de polymères de polycarbonates, de tercopolymères de styrène et de résines ABS |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO9106605A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2028585A1 (fr) | 1991-05-01 |
JPH04502646A (ja) | 1992-05-14 |
EP0451251A4 (en) | 1992-10-28 |
WO1991006605A1 (fr) | 1991-05-16 |
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