EP0447009B1 - Method for pulsed operation of high-pressure discharge lamps - Google Patents
Method for pulsed operation of high-pressure discharge lamps Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0447009B1 EP0447009B1 EP91250053A EP91250053A EP0447009B1 EP 0447009 B1 EP0447009 B1 EP 0447009B1 EP 91250053 A EP91250053 A EP 91250053A EP 91250053 A EP91250053 A EP 91250053A EP 0447009 B1 EP0447009 B1 EP 0447009B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pulse
- pulses
- pulsed operation
- pressure discharge
- frequency
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/30—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by pulses, e.g. flash lamp
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/36—Controlling
- H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for pulsed operation of high-pressure discharge lamps to improve the lighting properties.
- bipolar pulses When operating sodium vapor discharge lamps that contain several metal vapors, bipolar pulses should be used to avoid segregation.
- strobe pulses their shape, pulse width, duty cycle, rise, height have a decisive influence on the lighting parameters to be achieved.
- Most solutions are preferably operated with relatively wide pulses (approx. 100 to 200 us) and duty cycles around 0.2, the repetition frequencies being below 500 Hz, as described in DE-PS 3636901.
- the discharge system tends to resonate, which manifests itself in strong arc instabilities and losses in light efficiency (DE-PS 3122183). It is also known to design the pulse geometry and pulse shaping when using electronic ballasts in such a way that the pulses make a rapid transition from the cooling sphere to the state of a predetermined pulse power, an extended one Show action time in this level and a quick return to the state of the cooling phase.
- a multi-link delay chain consisting of capacitive and inductive components is proposed for pulse shaping.
- the optimal pulse width for sodium vapor discharge lamps is between 100 us and 200 us, so that when using delay chains for pulse shaping, a corresponding electronic ballast would be very complex and voluminous.
- the aim of the invention is to propose a method for the pulse operation of high-pressure discharge lamps with which good lighting parameters can be achieved and which requires little effort for the ballast technology.
- the object is achieved in that the blanking pulses for the high-pressure discharge lamp are formed by pulse groups from bipolar individual pulses with a pulse width of less than 100 us, the repetition frequency of the pulse groups being above 100 Hz at a pulse duty factor below 0.8 and the individual pulses having a frequency above 400 Hz at any duty cycle.
- a sinusoidal holding current or direct current is fed in between the pulse groups.
- the individual pulses can also be designed as needle pulses.
- the frequency of the individual pulses is to be selected so that resonance frequency gaps are used, or it lies above the resonance band of the discharge system.
- the mean power fed into the lamp is now essentially dependent on the width of the pulse groups (number and energy of the individual pulses per unit of time) and the repetition frequency of the pulse groups. Even with a very high frequency of the individual impulses, no loss of light yield compared to the key operation with wide impulses is detectable, whereby the lighting parameters such as color temperature and color rendering also achieve identical values.
- a sodium vapor high-pressure discharge lamp specially designed for tactile operation is operated with bipolar needle-shaped pulses which are combined into pulse groups.
- a sinusoidal current of 80 mA with a frequency of 20 KHz is fed in as a holding load.
- the single pulse frequency of the strobe is 3 KHz with a pulse group frequency of 150 Hz and a pulse group width of 1.2 ms.
- the needle pulses are generated by capacitor charging or discharging, with no resonance phenomena occurring at a frequency of 3 kHz.
- the pulse height was again chosen so that an average color temperature of approx. 3000K is achieved.
Landscapes
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Impulsbetrieb von Hochdruckentladungslampen zur Verbesserung der lichttechnischen Eigenschaften.The invention relates to a method for pulsed operation of high-pressure discharge lamps to improve the lighting properties.
Es ist seit längerer Zeit bekannt, daß mit Hilfe einer impulsförmigen Versorgung von Entladungslampen deren lichttechnische Paramerter wesentlich verbessert werden können. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit haben diese Verfahren bei Natriumdampfhochdrucklampen gefunden, bei denen durch Auftastung die Farbtemperatur von ca. 2000 K auf über 3000 K angehoben werden kann. Gleichzeitig ist eine Verbesserung der Farbwiedergabe möglich. Die Patentschriften DE-PS 2657824, DE-PS 2825532 weisen auf diese Sachverhalte hin.It has been known for a long time that with the aid of a pulsed supply of discharge lamps, their lighting parameters can be significantly improved. These processes have received special attention in high-pressure sodium lamps, in which the color temperature can be raised from approx. 2000 K to over 3000 K by touching. At the same time, an improvement in color rendering is possible. The patents DE-PS 2657824, DE-PS 2825532 refer to these facts.
Beim Betrieb von Natriumdampfentladungslampen die mehrere Metalldämpfe enthalten sind bipolare Impulse zu verwenden, um Entmischungserscheinungen zu vermeiden.When operating sodium vapor discharge lamps that contain several metal vapors, bipolar pulses should be used to avoid segregation.
Die Beschaffenheit der Auftastimpulse ihre Form, Impulsbreite, Tastverhältnis, Anstieg, Höhe haben einen entscheidenden Einfluß auf die zu erreichenden lichttechnischen Parameter. Vorzugsweise wird in den meisten Lösungen mit relativ breiten Impulsen ( ca.100 bis 200 us ) und Tastverhältnissen um 0,2 gearbeitet, wobei die Wiederholfrequenzen unter 500 Hz liegen, wie in der DE-PS 3636901 beschrieben.The nature of the strobe pulses, their shape, pulse width, duty cycle, rise, height have a decisive influence on the lighting parameters to be achieved. Most solutions are preferably operated with relatively wide pulses (approx. 100 to 200 us) and duty cycles around 0.2, the repetition frequencies being below 500 Hz, as described in DE-PS 3636901.
Bei Frequenzen über 500 Hz neigt das Entladungssystem zu Resonanzerscheinungen, welche sich in starken Bogeninstabilitäten und Lichtausbeuteverlusten äußern (DE-PS 3122183). Es ist auch bekannt, die Impulsgeometrie und Impulsformung bei dem Einsatz von elektronischen Vorschaltgeräten so zu gestalten, daß die Impulse einen schnellen übergang von der Abkühlsphäre in den Zustand einer vorgegebenen Impulsleistung, eine ausgedehnte Wirkzeit in diesem Niveau und eine schnelle Rückführung in den Zustand der Abkühlphase aufweisen. Zur Impulsformung wird eine mehrgliedrige Laufzeitkette, bestehend aus kapazitiven und induktiven Bauelementen, vorgeschlagen. Wie aus Untersuchungen bekannt ist, liegt die optimale Impulsbreite für Natriumdampfentladungslampen zwischen 100 us und 200 us, so daß bei Verwendung von Laufzeitketten zur Impulsformung ein entsprechendes elektronisches Vorschaltgerät sehr bauelementeaufwendig und voluminös wäre.At frequencies above 500 Hz, the discharge system tends to resonate, which manifests itself in strong arc instabilities and losses in light efficiency (DE-PS 3122183). It is also known to design the pulse geometry and pulse shaping when using electronic ballasts in such a way that the pulses make a rapid transition from the cooling sphere to the state of a predetermined pulse power, an extended one Show action time in this level and a quick return to the state of the cooling phase. A multi-link delay chain consisting of capacitive and inductive components is proposed for pulse shaping. As is known from studies, the optimal pulse width for sodium vapor discharge lamps is between 100 us and 200 us, so that when using delay chains for pulse shaping, a corresponding electronic ballast would be very complex and voluminous.
Prizipiell ist festzustellen, daß die Erzeugung relativ breiter Impulse mit entsprechender Höhe hohe Anforderungen an die Vorschalttechnik stellt, da große Energiemengen gespeichert und geschaltet werden müssen.In principle, it should be noted that the generation of relatively broad pulses with a corresponding height places high demands on the ballast technology, since large amounts of energy have to be stored and switched.
Ziel der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zum Impulsbetrieb von Hochdruckentladungslampen vorzuschlagen, mit dem gute lichttechnische Parameter erreicht werden und das für die Vorschalttechnik einen geringen Aufwand erfordert.The aim of the invention is to propose a method for the pulse operation of high-pressure discharge lamps with which good lighting parameters can be achieved and which requires little effort for the ballast technology.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Auftastimpulse für die Hochdruckentladungslampe durch Impulsgruppen aus bipolaren Einzelimpulsen mit einer Impulsbreite unter 100 us gebildet werden, wobei die Wiederholfrequenz der Impulsgruppen über 100 Hz bei einem Tastverhältnis unter 0,8 liegt und die Einzelimpulse eine Frequenz über 400 Hz bei einem beliebigen Tastverhältnis aufweisen. Zwischen den Impulsgruppen wird ein sinusförmiger Haltestrom oder Gleichstrom eingespeist. Die Einzelimpulse können auch als Nadelimpulse ausgebildet sein.According to the invention the object is achieved in that the blanking pulses for the high-pressure discharge lamp are formed by pulse groups from bipolar individual pulses with a pulse width of less than 100 us, the repetition frequency of the pulse groups being above 100 Hz at a pulse duty factor below 0.8 and the individual pulses having a frequency above 400 Hz at any duty cycle. A sinusoidal holding current or direct current is fed in between the pulse groups. The individual pulses can also be designed as needle pulses.
Überraschenderweise konnte bei Untersuchungen an Natriumdampfhochdrucklampen festgestellt werden , daß das Plasma auch noch sehr schmalen nadelförmigen Impulsen zu folgen vermag, d.h. daß auch hier eine wirksame Erhöhung der Farbtemperatur und der Farbwiedergabe möglich sind, wobei die Lichtausbeuteverluste nur gering waren. Da die in die Lampe eingespeiste mittlere Leistung im wesentlichen von der Energie der Tastimpulse und deren Frequenz, unter Vernachlässigung einer möglichen Halteleistung, abhängig ist, muß gegenüber dem Betrieb mit breiten Impulsen, die Frequenz wesentlich erhöht werden. Einen Nachteil dieser Betriebsweise stellen die Resonanzerscheinungen des Lichtbogens dar, welche im Kilohertzbereich durch die Tastimpulse angeregt werden. Durch Anordnung der Einzelimpulse zu Impulsgruppen ist es gelungen, diese Resonanzerscheinungen zu unterdrücken. Die Frequenz der Einzelimpulse ist so zu wählen, daß Resonanzfrequenzlücken ausgenutzt werden, oder sie über dem Resonanzband des Entladungssystems liegt.
Die in die Lampe eingespeiste mittlere Leistung ist nun im wesentlichen von der Breite der Impulsgruppen (Anzahl und Energie der Einzelimpulse je Zeiteinheit) und der Wiederholfrequenz der Impulsgruppen abhängig.
Auch bei sehr hoher Frequenz der Einzelimpulse ist kein Lichtausbeuteverlust gegenüber dem Tastbetrieb mit breiten Impulsen nachweisbar, wobei auch die lichttechnischen Parameter wie Farbtemperatur und Farbwiedergabe identische Werte erreichen.Surprisingly, it was found in studies on high pressure sodium lamps that the plasma can also follow very narrow needle-shaped pulses, ie that it is also effective here Increasing the color temperature and color rendering are possible, but the losses in light yield were only slight. Since the average power fed into the lamp is essentially dependent on the energy of the keying pulses and their frequency, neglecting a possible holding power, the frequency must be increased significantly compared to the operation with wide pulses. A disadvantage of this mode of operation are the resonance phenomena of the arc, which are excited in the kilohertz range by the pulse pulses. By arranging the individual pulses into pulse groups, it has been possible to suppress these resonance phenomena. The frequency of the individual pulses is to be selected so that resonance frequency gaps are used, or it lies above the resonance band of the discharge system.
The mean power fed into the lamp is now essentially dependent on the width of the pulse groups (number and energy of the individual pulses per unit of time) and the repetition frequency of the pulse groups.
Even with a very high frequency of the individual impulses, no loss of light yield compared to the key operation with wide impulses is detectable, whereby the lighting parameters such as color temperature and color rendering also achieve identical values.
Die Erfindung soll nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden.
Eine speziell für den Tastbetrieb ausgelegte Natriumdampfhochdruckentladungslampe wird mit bipolaren Nadelförmigen Impulsen, die zu Impulsgruppen zusammengefaßt sind betrieben. Als Haltelast wird ein sinusförmiger Strom von 80 mA mit einer Frequenz von 20 KHz eingespeist. Die Einzelimpulsfrquenz der Tastimpulse beträgt 3 KHz bei einer Impulsgruppenfrequenz von 150 Hz und einer Impulsgruppenbreite von 1,2 ms. Die Nadelimpulse werden durch Kondensatorauf- bzw. entladung erzeugt, wobei bei einer Frequenz von 3 kHz keine Resonazerscheinungen auftraten. Die Impulshöhe wurde wiederum so gewählt, das sich eine mittlere Farbtemperatur von ca. 3000K einstellt. Bei einer Spitzenimpulsstärke von I= 20 A und einer Nennleistung der Natriumdampfhochdrucklampe von P= 70 W wird bei der Farbtemperatur von Tc= 3081 K und der Farbwiedergabe von R(a)= 66 eine Lichtausbeute von 65 lm/W erziehlt.The invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.
A sodium vapor high-pressure discharge lamp specially designed for tactile operation is operated with bipolar needle-shaped pulses which are combined into pulse groups. A sinusoidal current of 80 mA with a frequency of 20 KHz is fed in as a holding load. The single pulse frequency of the strobe is 3 KHz with a pulse group frequency of 150 Hz and a pulse group width of 1.2 ms. The needle pulses are generated by capacitor charging or discharging, with no resonance phenomena occurring at a frequency of 3 kHz. The pulse height was again chosen so that an average color temperature of approx. 3000K is achieved. With a peak pulse strength of I = 20 A and a nominal output of the high pressure sodium lamp of P = 70 W, a luminous efficacy of 65 lm / W is achieved at the color temperature of Tc = 3081 K and the color rendering of R (a) = 66.
Claims (4)
- Method for pulsed operation of high-pressure discharge lamps at nominal power rating by means of a pulsed supply current, characterized in that the gating pulses for the high-pressure discharge lamp are formed by pulse groups composed of single bipolar pulses with a pulse width of less than 100 µs, the repetition frequency of the pulse groups being over 100 Hz with a pulse duty ratio of less than 0.8 and the single pulses having a frequency of over 400 Hz with an indefinite pulse duty ratio.
- Method for pulsed operation as in Claim 1, characterized in that a sinusoidal holding current is injected between the pulse groups.
- Method for pulsed operation as in Claim 1, characterized in that a direct current is injected between the pulse groups.
- Method for pulsed operation as in Claim 1, characterized in that the single pulses are in the form of needle pulses.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD90338824A DD293021A5 (en) | 1990-03-16 | 1990-03-16 | PROCESS FOR PULSE OPERATION OF HIGH-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMPS |
| DD338824 | 1990-03-16 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0447009A1 EP0447009A1 (en) | 1991-09-18 |
| EP0447009B1 true EP0447009B1 (en) | 1994-10-26 |
Family
ID=5617162
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91250053A Expired - Lifetime EP0447009B1 (en) | 1990-03-16 | 1991-02-28 | Method for pulsed operation of high-pressure discharge lamps |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5323089A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0447009B1 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD293021A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59103308D1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU209231B (en) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2657824C2 (en) * | 1976-01-16 | 1983-08-04 | General Electric Co., Schenectady, N.Y. | Method for operating a high-pressure metal halide lamp and device for carrying out the method |
| SU660306A1 (en) * | 1976-06-23 | 1979-04-30 | Каунасский Политехнический Институт Им.А.Снечкуса | Gas-discharge tube power supply method |
| GB1575834A (en) * | 1977-06-13 | 1980-10-01 | Gen Electric | High pressure sodium vapour lamps and method of operating the same |
| JPS6041438B2 (en) * | 1980-06-23 | 1985-09-17 | シャープ株式会社 | Aging method for electroluminescent display elements |
| DE3122183C2 (en) * | 1981-06-04 | 1983-09-22 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Method for operating a high-pressure metal vapor discharge lamp and circuit arrangement for carrying out this method |
| US4652797A (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1987-03-24 | Nilssen Ole K | Electronic ballast with high power factor |
| DE3636901A1 (en) * | 1986-10-30 | 1988-05-05 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Method for operating a high-pressure sodium-vapour discharge lamp |
| DD270405A1 (en) * | 1988-03-25 | 1989-07-26 | Narva Rosa Luxemburg K | SODIUM VAPOR PRESSURE LAMP |
-
1990
- 1990-03-16 DD DD90338824A patent/DD293021A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-02-26 US US07/661,582 patent/US5323089A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-02-27 HU HU91664A patent/HU209231B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-28 DE DE59103308T patent/DE59103308D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-02-28 EP EP91250053A patent/EP0447009B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HU910664D0 (en) | 1991-09-30 |
| HUT57501A (en) | 1991-11-28 |
| US5323089A (en) | 1994-06-21 |
| DE59103308D1 (en) | 1994-12-01 |
| EP0447009A1 (en) | 1991-09-18 |
| HU209231B (en) | 1994-03-28 |
| DD293021A5 (en) | 1991-08-14 |
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