EP0444500B1 - Closing tool for drum-sealing caps - Google Patents

Closing tool for drum-sealing caps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0444500B1
EP0444500B1 EP91102313A EP91102313A EP0444500B1 EP 0444500 B1 EP0444500 B1 EP 0444500B1 EP 91102313 A EP91102313 A EP 91102313A EP 91102313 A EP91102313 A EP 91102313A EP 0444500 B1 EP0444500 B1 EP 0444500B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuation
levers
tool
arms
cone
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP91102313A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0444500A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Feige
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Feige Abfuelltechnik GmbH
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Feige Abfuelltechnik GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67B—APPLYING CLOSURE MEMBERS TO BOTTLES JARS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; OPENING CLOSED CONTAINERS
    • B67B3/00—Closing bottles, jars or similar containers by applying caps
    • B67B3/02—Closing bottles, jars or similar containers by applying caps by applying flanged caps, e.g. crown caps, and securing by deformation of flanges
    • B67B3/10—Capping heads for securing caps
    • B67B3/14—Capping heads for securing caps characterised by having movable elements, e.g. hinged fingers, for applying radial pressure to the flange of the cap

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tool mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Barrels for example the usual 200-liter barrels, are mainly used to transport dangerous liquids that must be sealed with a high degree of security.
  • the standardized closure system of today's barrels therefore has, in addition to the screw closure, a sealing cap with its own seal, which grips over the closed bunghole and is secured below it by bending. Closing tools of the type mentioned at the beginning are used for this purpose.
  • rocker arms which are provided concentrically around the actuation axis and, with their working end, encompass the sealing cap.
  • the levers With a conical actuating surface actuated in the axial direction, the levers are actuated in such a way that the working ends are pressed together and, with appropriately shaped surface pieces, compress the sealing cap on all sides and thus clamp onto the bung hole of the barrel. After pulling back the conical operating surface the levers are spread again under spring force and release the sealing cap.
  • the levers are tiltably supported at their end facing away from the working end on an actuating plate standing transversely to the axis and are pressed together from the outside at the working end, which also serves as the actuating end, with a conical surface that widens in the actuating direction.
  • the working end and operating end of the levers essentially coincide.
  • this known construction has considerable disadvantages. Even with careful maintenance and especially lubrication, this construction tends to jam frequently. This tool is therefore less suitable for maintenance-free automatic operation, for example for filling highly dangerous or explosive liquids.
  • the actuation stroke is very short. High actuation forces must therefore be applied, which in the case of the known construction mentioned requires two large-area pneumatic cylinders operating in parallel. The short actuation stroke makes function monitoring difficult.
  • very large housing parts have to go along with the actuation stroke.
  • a closing tool which is provided in particular for closing milk bottles with film caps.
  • the levers are designed here with two arms, with the support points forming the tilting bearing point of the levers, each of which lies between the working end and the actuating end of the lever.
  • outer ring grooves are formed in the levers, which are mounted on an inwardly pointing movable housing flange.
  • the housing flange is movable relative to a fixed outer cone, which forms the conical actuating surface.
  • a disadvantage of this construction is, on the one hand, the difficult assembly of the levers, which have to be reduced in their circumferential spacing for insertion into the ring flange of the housing. This results in problems during assembly.
  • the necessary circumferential spacing of the levers also results in an indefinite spacing of the levers from one another. The levers can move during operation and jam together.
  • a crown cap sealer is known, in which the crown cap is deformed directly by an outer cone during its axial movement. It is driven by a double-acting pneumatic cylinder.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a tool of the type mentioned at the outset that works without jamming and is easy to assemble.
  • the levers are supported in a tilting manner in the central area and form the arm actuated outwards at one end and the working end working inwards at the other end.
  • the kinematic requirements for this construction are more favorable than for the known construction DE-B-11 12 420. In particular, any risk of pinching is avoided.
  • the cone angle can be kept very flat, so that there is a long actuation stroke. The actuation forces are therefore small, and there are good possibilities for monitoring the working cycle due to the long stroke.
  • Another advantage is that both the levers and the housing are fixed in the direction of actuation and the actuation stroke is only exerted by the cone and its actuators. The moving masses are therefore small.
  • the tool according to the invention can be constructed more simply and cost-effectively with a very high level of functional reliability.
  • the groove / flange engagement at the support point of the levers is kinematically reversed.
  • the groove is in the housing and the levers have flanges that protrude outwards and reach into the groove. These flanges form the radially outermost part of each lever on which the lever's tilt axis lies.
  • the levers viewed in the circumferential direction, can be mounted on one another without play without impairing the tilting movement of the levers. This allows a precisely defined storage of the levers, which ensures long-term complete freedom from jamming and a bracket that cannot be lost without additional securing means.
  • the split design of the housing also results in very simple assembly.
  • the tool shown in FIG. 1 has a housing with a cylinder wall 1 which is arranged concentrically with an actuation axis 12 and which is closed at one end by a transverse wall 2.
  • a ring 4 is attached with a parting line 3 and held detachably in this position by means not shown.
  • An annular groove 5 is formed in the inner wall at the parting line 3.
  • a number of levers 6 are arranged in the interior of the cylinder wall 1 concentrically and essentially parallel to the actuation axis 12.
  • the levers 6 have on their outer side an outwardly projecting flange 7 which, as shown in FIG. 1, is rounded to match the cross-sectional shape of the annular groove 5.
  • the levers are each mounted with their flange 7 in the annular groove.
  • the levers each extend from the position of the flange 7 in both directions to ends, of which the end facing away from the transverse wall 2 of the housing represents the working end 8 which the inside, as shown in FIG. 1, is designed in a known shape as a clamping tool, specifically adapted to the desired clamping shape of the sealing caps, not shown, to be closed with the tool.
  • the opposite end of the lever 6 is the actuating end 9, at which the levers are acted upon by force.
  • the levers at the actuating end 9 have the inward-facing cams 10 shown in FIG. 1 which slide on the outer actuating surface of a cone 11 which is driven to and fro in the actuating axis 12 which coincides with the axis of the cylinder wall 1.
  • a piston rod 13 of a piston 14, which is pneumatically driven in a cylinder 15, is used to drive the cone 11 in the actuation axis 12.
  • the cylinder 15 is, as shown in FIG. 1, attached to the transverse wall 2 of the housing in an axis extension and fastened there by means not shown, the piston rod 13 passing through the transverse wall 2 in a sliding manner.
  • the piston 14 is pneumatically actuated from above against a return spring 16.
  • the return spring 16 is omitted and the cylinder 15 is designed for pneumatic actuation of the piston on both sides.
  • Other drives for the piston rod 13 can also be provided, for example electromagnetic drives.
  • FIG. 1 shows two different operating positions inside the housing 1, 2 on the right and left of the actuation axis 12, namely on the right the unactuated position when the cone 11 is raised and on the left the actuation position when the cone 11 is pushed down.
  • the actuation end position is shown, in which the cone 11 has reached its lowest position and the working ends 8 of the levers 6 are radially compressed to the end position. The cone 11 is then pulled back into the position shown on the right side of the figure. The working ends 8 of the levers can diverge radially again.
  • the levers 6 make a radial movement at both ends. They must therefore have mutual play on all of their side surface parts which carry out a tilting movement, since they would jam when the tilting movement were to take place in a sector-shaped manner on division. However, if the levers had play in all the side surface parts, the levers could fall out of the housing 1, 2. There would be additional mounting measures, such as circlips or the like. required.
  • the levers advantageously have essentially the shape of their side surfaces shown in FIG. 4, viewed in the axial direction. The sector in which the lever 6 shown lies is shown in broken lines. The side faces are drawn in opposite to the dashed sector boundaries. Only the side surfaces 21 of the flange 7 extend exactly to the sector boundary. The levers therefore lie against one another with these side surfaces 21, but apart from that at a clearance of one another.
  • the levers are held captive without additional safeguards. However, they can only be inserted into the ring groove 5 together. Therefore, the annular groove can be made divisible by removing the ring 4 from the cylinder wall 1.
  • levers With their working end 8, which is formed on the inside in a suitably shaping manner, the levers should press a thin-walled sealing cap (not shown) radially from all sides onto the closure of a barrel. It should be avoided that pressure marks appear on the surface of the sealing cap in the joints between the levers. For this reason, the largest possible number of levers should be provided. At least 10 levers should therefore be arranged on the circumference. At least 15 levers are advantageously provided. Experiments with 18 levers have proven to be optimal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Werkzeug der im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 genannten Art.The invention relates to a tool mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.

Fässer, beispielsweise die üblichen 200-Liter-Fässer, dienen überwiegend zum Transport gefährlicher Flüssigkeiten, die mit hoher Sicherheit verschlossen werden müssen. Das genormte Verschlußsystem heutiger Fässer weist daher zusätzlich zu dem Schraubverschluß eine Siegelkappe mit eigener Dichtung auf, die über das verschlossene Spundloch faßt und unterhalb von dessen Rand durch Einbiegen gesichert wird. Zu diesem Zweck dienen Verschließwerkzeuge der eingangs genannten Art.Barrels, for example the usual 200-liter barrels, are mainly used to transport dangerous liquids that must be sealed with a high degree of security. The standardized closure system of today's barrels therefore has, in addition to the screw closure, a sealing cap with its own seal, which grips over the closed bunghole and is secured below it by bending. Closing tools of the type mentioned at the beginning are used for this purpose.

Diese weisen eine größere Zahl von Kipphebeln auf, die konzentrisch um die Betätigungsachse vorgesehen sind und mit ihrem Arbeitsende die Siegelkappe umfassen. Mit einer in Achsrichtung betätigten konischen Betätigungsfläche werden die Hebel derart betätigt, daß die Arbeitsenden zusammengedrückt werden und mit entsprechend geformten Flächenstücken allseitig umfassend die Siegelkappe zusammendrücken und somit auf dem Spundloch des Fasses festklemmen. Nach Rückziehen der konischen Betätigungsfläche werden die Hebel unter Federkraft wieder gespreizt und geben die Siegelkappe frei.These have a larger number of rocker arms, which are provided concentrically around the actuation axis and, with their working end, encompass the sealing cap. With a conical actuating surface actuated in the axial direction, the levers are actuated in such a way that the working ends are pressed together and, with appropriately shaped surface pieces, compress the sealing cap on all sides and thus clamp onto the bung hole of the barrel. After pulling back the conical operating surface the levers are spread again under spring force and release the sealing cap.

Der Stand der Technik bei Werkzeugen der gattungsgemäßen Art ergibt sich aus der
   DE-B-11 12 420. The prior art for tools of the generic type results from the
DE-B-11 12 420.

Bei dieser Konstruktion sind die Hebel an ihrem dem Arbeitsende abgewandten Ende kippbar auf einer quer zur Achse stehenden Betätigungsplatte gelagert und werden am Arbeitsende, das gleichzeitig als Betätigungsende dient, von außen mit einer sich in Betätigungsrichtung erweiternden konischen Fläche zusammengedrückt. Arbeitsende und Betätigungsende der Hebel fallen bei dieser Konstruktion also im wesentlichen zusammen.In this construction, the levers are tiltably supported at their end facing away from the working end on an actuating plate standing transversely to the axis and are pressed together from the outside at the working end, which also serves as the actuating end, with a conical surface that widens in the actuating direction. In this construction, the working end and operating end of the levers essentially coincide.

Aus kinematischen Gründen weist diese bekannte Konstruktion erhebliche Nachteile auf. Auch bei sorgfältiger Wartung und insbesondere Schmierung neigt diese Konstruktion zu häufigem Klemmen. Für wartungsfreien automatischen Betrieb, beispielsweise zum Abfüllen hochgefährlicher oder explosiver Flüssigkeiten, ist dieses Werkzeug also weniger gut geeignet. Außerdem ist der Betätigungshub sehr kurz. Es müssen daher hohe Betätigungskräfte aufgebracht werden, was im Falle der genannten bekannten Konstruktion zwei parallel arbeitende großflächige Pneumatikzylinder erfordert. Der kurze Betätigungshub erschwert eine Funktionsüberwachung. Schließlich ist von Nachteil, daß bei dieser bekannten Konstruktion sehr große Gehäuseteile den Betätigungshub mitmachen müssen.For kinematic reasons, this known construction has considerable disadvantages. Even with careful maintenance and especially lubrication, this construction tends to jam frequently. This tool is therefore less suitable for maintenance-free automatic operation, for example for filling highly dangerous or explosive liquids. In addition, the actuation stroke is very short. High actuation forces must therefore be applied, which in the case of the known construction mentioned requires two large-area pneumatic cylinders operating in parallel. The short actuation stroke makes function monitoring difficult. Finally, it is disadvantageous that in this known construction very large housing parts have to go along with the actuation stroke.

Aus der
   US-A-2 749 003
ist ein Verschließwerkzeug bekannt, das insbesondere zum Schließen von Milchflaschen mit Folienkappen vorgesehen ist. Im Gegensatz zu der vorgenannten bekannten gattungsgemäßen Konstruktion sind hier die Hebel zweiarmig ausgebildet, mit die Kipplagerstelle der Hebel bildenden Abstützstellen, die jeweils zwischen dem Arbeitsende und dem Betätigungsende der Hebel liegen. An den Abstützstellen sind äußere Ringnuten in den Hebeln ausgebildet, welche auf einem nach innen weisenden beweglichen Gehäuseflansch gelagert sind. Der Gehäuseflansch ist relativ zu einem feststehenden Außenkonus bewegbar, welcher die konische Betätigungsfläche ausbildet.From the
US-A-2 749 003
a closing tool is known, which is provided in particular for closing milk bottles with film caps. In contrast to the aforementioned known generic construction the levers are designed here with two arms, with the support points forming the tilting bearing point of the levers, each of which lies between the working end and the actuating end of the lever. At the support points, outer ring grooves are formed in the levers, which are mounted on an inwardly pointing movable housing flange. The housing flange is movable relative to a fixed outer cone, which forms the conical actuating surface.

Nachteilig bei dieser Konstruktion ist zum einen die schwierige Montierbarkeit der Hebel, die zum Einsetzen in den Ringflansch des Gehäuses in ihrem Umfangsabstand verringert werden müssen. Daraus ergeben sich Probleme bei der Montage. Es ergibt sich aus dem notwendigen Umfangsabstand der Hebel aber auch eine unbestimmte Abstandslage der Hebel zueinander. Die Hebel können im Betrieb wandern und sich aneinander verklemmen.A disadvantage of this construction is, on the one hand, the difficult assembly of the levers, which have to be reduced in their circumferential spacing for insertion into the ring flange of the housing. This results in problems during assembly. The necessary circumferential spacing of the levers also results in an indefinite spacing of the levers from one another. The levers can move during operation and jam together.

Schließlich ist aus der
   DE-A-1 782 378
ein Kronkorkenverschließer bekannt, bei der der Kronkorken unmittelbar von einem Außenkonus bei dessen achsialer Bewegung verformt wird. Der Antrieb erfolgt über einen doppelt wirkenden Pneumatikzylinder.After all, is out of
DE-A-1 782 378
a crown cap sealer is known, in which the crown cap is deformed directly by an outer cone during its axial movement. It is driven by a double-acting pneumatic cylinder.

Die Aufgaber der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, ein Werkzeug der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das klemmfrei arbeitet und leicht montierbar ist.The object of the present invention is to create a tool of the type mentioned at the outset that works without jamming and is easy to assemble.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved with the features of claim 1.

Bei dieser Konstruktion sind die Hebel im mittleren Bereich kippend abgestützt und bilden zweiarmig am einen Ende das nach außen betätigte Betätigungsende und am anderen Ende das nach innen arbeitende Arbeitsende aus. Die kinematischen Voraussetzungen sind bei dieser Konstruktion günstiger als bei der bekannten Konstruktion der DE-B-11 12 420. Insbesondere wird jede Klemmgefahr vermieden. Der Konuswinkel kann sehr flach gehalten sein, so daß sich ein langer Betätigungshub ergibt. Daher sind die Betätigungskräfte klein, und es ergeben sich aufgrund des langen Hubes gute Möglichkeiten der Überwachung des Arbeitsspieles. Weiterhin ist von Vorteil, daß sowohl die Hebel als auch das Gehäuse in Betätigungsrichtung feststehen und der Betätigungshub nur vom Konus und seinen Betätigungsorganen ausgeübt wird. Die bewegten Massen sind daher klein. Das erfindungsgemäße Werkzeug kann bei sehr hoher Funktionssicherheit einfacher und kostengünstiger konstruiert werden. Gegenüber der bekannten Konstruktion der USA-2 749 003 ist der Nut/Flansch-Eingriff an der Abstützstelle der Hebel kinematisch umgekehrt ausgebildet. Die Nut befindet sich im Gehäuse und die Hebel weisen nach außen ragende, in die Nut greifende Flansche auf. Diese Flansche bilden den radial am weitesten außen liegenden Teil eines jeden Hebels aus, an dem die Kippachse des Hebels liegt. An dieser Stelle können die Hebel in Umfangsrichtung gesehen spielfrei aneinander gelagert werden, ohne die Kippbewegung der Hebel zu beeinträchtigen. Dadurch ist eine genau definierte Lagerung der Hebel möglich, wodurch langdauernde völlige Klemmfreiheit sowie eine ohne zusätzliche Sicherungsmittel unverlierbare Halterung gesichert ist. Durch die in der Nut geteilte Ausbildung des Gehäuses ergibt sich ferner eine sehr einfache Montierbarkeit.In this construction, the levers are supported in a tilting manner in the central area and form the arm actuated outwards at one end and the working end working inwards at the other end. The kinematic requirements for this construction are more favorable than for the known construction DE-B-11 12 420. In particular, any risk of pinching is avoided. The cone angle can be kept very flat, so that there is a long actuation stroke. The actuation forces are therefore small, and there are good possibilities for monitoring the working cycle due to the long stroke. Another advantage is that both the levers and the housing are fixed in the direction of actuation and the actuation stroke is only exerted by the cone and its actuators. The moving masses are therefore small. The tool according to the invention can be constructed more simply and cost-effectively with a very high level of functional reliability. Compared to the known construction of USA-2 749 003, the groove / flange engagement at the support point of the levers is kinematically reversed. The groove is in the housing and the levers have flanges that protrude outwards and reach into the groove. These flanges form the radially outermost part of each lever on which the lever's tilt axis lies. At this point, the levers, viewed in the circumferential direction, can be mounted on one another without play without impairing the tilting movement of the levers. This allows a precisely defined storage of the levers, which ensures long-term complete freedom from jamming and a bracket that cannot be lost without additional securing means. The split design of the housing also results in very simple assembly.

Dabei sind vorteilhaft die Merkmale des Anspruches 2 vorgesehen. Auf diese Weise können die kippenden Teile der Hebel sich ohne Klemmgefahr mit Spiel zueinander bewegen. Nur im Bereich der Kippachse der Hebel, in denen Spiel nicht erforderlich ist, berühren sie sich und sind auf diese Weise auf dem Umfang exakt justiert.The features of claim 2 are advantageously provided. In this way, the tilting parts of the levers can move with play to one another without the risk of pinching. They only touch in the area of the tilt axis of the levers, in which play is not required, and are thus precisely adjusted on the circumference.

Weiterhin vorteilhaft sind die Merkmale des Anspruches 3 vorgesehen. Ein Pneumatikantrieb hat sich schon im Stand der Technik für derartige Werkzeuge bewährt, insbesondere zum Einsatz beim Füllen explosiver Medien.The features of claim 3 are also advantageously provided. A pneumatic drive has already proven itself in the prior art for such tools, in particular for use when filling explosive media.

Dabei sind vorteilhaft die Merkmale des Anspruches 4 vorgesehen. Gegenüber einseitig gegen eine Rückstellfeder wirkenden Antrieben bietet der beidseitig wirkende Antrieb den Vorteil exakterer Vor- und Rückstellung.The features of claim 4 are advantageously provided. Compared to drives acting on one side against a return spring, the double-acting drive offers the advantage of more precise forward and return.

Vorteilhaft sind die Merkmale des Anspruches 5 vorgesehen. Etwa ab dieser Hebelzahl werden die Siegelkappen derart verformt, daß in den Fugen zwischen den Hebeln keine Marken entstehen. Vorteilhaft liegt die Hebelzahl aber gemäß Anspruch 6 über 15.The features of claim 5 are advantageously provided. From about this number of levers, the sealing caps are deformed in such a way that no marks are created in the joints between the levers. However, the number of levers is advantageously above 15.

In den Zeichnungen ist die Erfindung beispielsweise und schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Achsschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Werkzeug und
Fig. 2
einen der Hebel der Ausführungsform der Fig. 1 in Achsansicht.
The invention is shown schematically, for example, in the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
an axial section through a tool according to the invention and
Fig. 2
one of the levers of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in an axial view.

Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Werkzeug besitzt ein Gehäuse mit einer konzentrisch zu einer Betätigungsachse 12 angeordneten Zylinderwand 1, die an einem Ende von einer Querwand 2 verschlossen ist. Am anderen Ende der Zylinderwand 1 ist mit einer Trennfuge 3 ein Ring 4 angesetzt und mit nicht dargestellten Mitteln abnehmbar in dieser Position gehalten. In der Innenwand ist an der Trennfuge 3 eine Ringnut 5 ausgebildet.The tool shown in FIG. 1 has a housing with a cylinder wall 1 which is arranged concentrically with an actuation axis 12 and which is closed at one end by a transverse wall 2. At the other end of the cylinder wall 1, a ring 4 is attached with a parting line 3 and held detachably in this position by means not shown. An annular groove 5 is formed in the inner wall at the parting line 3.

Im Inneren der Zylinderwand 1 sind konzentrisch und im wesentlichen parallel zu der Betätigungsachse 12 eine Anzahl von Hebeln 6 angeordnet. Die Hebel 6 weisen auf ihrer Außenseite einen nach außen vorspringenden Flansch 7 auf, der, wie Fig. 1 zeigt, der Querschnittsform der Ringnut 5 angepaßt verrundet ist. Die Hebel sind jeweils mit ihrem Flansch 7 in der Ringnut gelagert.A number of levers 6 are arranged in the interior of the cylinder wall 1 concentrically and essentially parallel to the actuation axis 12. The levers 6 have on their outer side an outwardly projecting flange 7 which, as shown in FIG. 1, is rounded to match the cross-sectional shape of the annular groove 5. The levers are each mounted with their flange 7 in the annular groove.

Die Hebel erstrecken sich jeweils von der Position des Flansches 7 aus in beiden Richtungen zu Enden, von denen das der Querwand 2 des Gehäuses abgewandte Ende das Arbeitsende 8 darstellt, das auf der Innenseite, wie Fig. 1 zeigt, in bekannter Formgebung als Klemmwerkzeug ausgebildet ist, und zwar angepaßt an die gewünschte Klemmform der nicht dargestellten, mit dem Werkzeug zu verschließenden Siegelkappen.The levers each extend from the position of the flange 7 in both directions to ends, of which the end facing away from the transverse wall 2 of the housing represents the working end 8 which the inside, as shown in FIG. 1, is designed in a known shape as a clamping tool, specifically adapted to the desired clamping shape of the sealing caps, not shown, to be closed with the tool.

Das gegenüberliegende Ende der Hebel 6 ist das Betätigungsende 9, an dem die Hebel kraftbeaufschlagt werden. Dazu weisen die Hebel am Betätigungsende 9 die in Fig. 1 dargestellten, nach innen weisenden Nocken 10 auf, die auf der äußeren Betätigungsfläche eines Konus 11 gleiten, der in der mit der Achse der Zylinderwand 1 zusammenfallenden Betätigungsachse 12 hin- und hergehend angetrieben ist.The opposite end of the lever 6 is the actuating end 9, at which the levers are acted upon by force. For this purpose, the levers at the actuating end 9 have the inward-facing cams 10 shown in FIG. 1 which slide on the outer actuating surface of a cone 11 which is driven to and fro in the actuating axis 12 which coincides with the axis of the cylinder wall 1.

Zum Antrieb des Konus 11 dient eine in der Betätigungsachse 12 liegende Kolbenstange 13 eines Kolbens 14, der in einem Zylinder 15 pneumatisch angetrieben ist. Der Zylinder 15 ist, wie Fig. 1 zeigt, in Achsverlängerung an die Querwand 2 des Gehäuses angesetzt und dort mit nicht dargestellten Mitteln befestigt, wobei die Kolbenstange 13 die Querwand 2 gleitend durchsetzt.A piston rod 13 of a piston 14, which is pneumatically driven in a cylinder 15, is used to drive the cone 11 in the actuation axis 12. The cylinder 15 is, as shown in FIG. 1, attached to the transverse wall 2 of the housing in an axis extension and fastened there by means not shown, the piston rod 13 passing through the transverse wall 2 in a sliding manner.

Der Kolben 14 wird in der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform von oben pneumatisch betätigt gegen eine Rückstellfeder 16. In bevorzugter Ausführungsform wird die Rückstellfeder 16 aber weggelassen und der Zylinder 15 zur beidseitigen pneumatischen Betätigung des Kolbens ausgebildet. Es können auch andere Antriebe für die Kolbenstange 13 vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise elektromagnetische Antriebe.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the piston 14 is pneumatically actuated from above against a return spring 16. In a preferred embodiment, however, the return spring 16 is omitted and the cylinder 15 is designed for pneumatic actuation of the piston on both sides. Other drives for the piston rod 13 can also be provided, for example electromagnetic drives.

Fig. 1 zeigt innerhalb des Gehäuses 1, 2 rechts bzw. links der Betätigungsachse 12 zwei unterschiedliche Betriebsstellungen, und zwar auf der rechten Seite die unbetätigte Stellung bei hochgezogenem Konus 11 und auf der linken Seite die Betätigungsstellung bei abwärts geschobenem Konus 11.1 shows two different operating positions inside the housing 1, 2 on the right and left of the actuation axis 12, namely on the right the unactuated position when the cone 11 is raised and on the left the actuation position when the cone 11 is pushed down.

Wie der Vergleich dieser beiden Darstellungen zeigt, wird bei Abwärtsbewegung des Konus 11, also während des Betätigungshubes in Richtung des Pfeiles 17, durch die konische Betätigungsfläche des Konus 11 auf die Nocken 10 der Hebel 6 eine radial nach außen wirkende Kraft ausgeübt. Da die Hebel im mittleren Bereich mit ihren Flanschen 7 in der Ringnut 5 abgestützt sind, bewegen sich ihre Arbeitsenden 8 nach innen und drücken von allen Seiten die in der Figur zur zeichnerischen Vereinfachung nicht dargestellte Siegelkappe zusammen.As the comparison of these two illustrations shows, when the cone 11 moves downward, that is to say during the actuation stroke in the direction of arrow 17, the conical actuation surface the cone 11 exerts a radially outward force on the cams 10 of the levers 6. Since the levers in the middle area are supported with their flanges 7 in the annular groove 5, their working ends 8 move inwards and press the sealing cap, not shown in the figure, to simplify the drawing from all sides.

Bei dem dargestellten, sehr flachen Konuswinkel des Konus 11 ergibt sich ein langer Hub für den betätigenden Kolben 14. Die Kraftübersetzung ist groß, so daß der Kolben entsprechend klein sein kann. Aufgrund des langen Hubes kann das Funktionsspiel des dargestellten Werkzeuges gut überwacht werden, beispielsweise zu Zwecken einer elektronischen Funktionsrückmeldung. Dazu kann beispielsweise am oberen Ende des Konus 11 eine Marke 18 vorgesehen sein, die von am Gehäuse befestigten Sensoren 19a und 19b überwacht wird, welche die Endlagen des Betätigungshubes anzeigen.In the illustrated, very flat cone angle of the cone 11, there is a long stroke for the actuating piston 14. The power transmission is large, so that the piston can be correspondingly small. Due to the long stroke, the functional play of the tool shown can be monitored well, for example for the purpose of electronic function feedback. For this purpose, for example, a mark 18 can be provided at the upper end of the cone 11, which is monitored by sensors 19a and 19b which are attached to the housing and which indicate the end positions of the actuation stroke.

Auf der in Fig. 1 linken Seite ist die Betätigungsendstellung dargestellt, in der der Konus 11 seine unterste Stellung erreicht hat und die Arbeitsenden 8 der Hebel 6 bis in Endstellung radial zusammengedrückt sind. Anschließend wird der Konus 11 wieder in die auf der rechten Seite der Figur dargestellte Stellung zurückgezogen. Die Arbeitsenden 8 der Hebel können wieder radial auseinandergehen. Dazu ist rückstellende Federkraft erforderlich, die im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel von einer in Umfangsrichtung federnden Ringfeder 20 aufgebracht wird, die um die Betätigungsenden 9 der Hebel umlaufend in entsprechenden Nuten der Hebel angeordnet ist.On the left in Fig. 1, the actuation end position is shown, in which the cone 11 has reached its lowest position and the working ends 8 of the levers 6 are radially compressed to the end position. The cone 11 is then pulled back into the position shown on the right side of the figure. The working ends 8 of the levers can diverge radially again. This requires a resilient spring force, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is applied by a circumferentially resilient ring spring 20 which is arranged around the actuating ends 9 of the levers in corresponding grooves of the levers.

Bei ihrer Kippbewegung machen die Hebel 6 an beiden Enden eine radiale Bewegung. Sie müssen daher an allen ihren Seitenflächenteilen, die eine Kippbewegung ausführen, gegenseitiges Spiel aufweisen, da sie bei Kippbewegung klemmen würden, wenn sie exakt im Querschnitt sektorförmig auf Teilung sitzen würden. Würden die Hebel aber in allen Seitenflächenteilen zueinander Spiel aufweisen, so könnten die Hebel aus dem Gehäuse 1, 2 herausfallen. Es wären zusätzliche Halterungsmaßnahmen, wie z.B. Sicherungsringe od.dgl. erforderlich. Um dies zu vermeiden, haben die Hebel vorteilhaft im wesentlichen die in Fig. 4 dargestellte Formgebung ihrer Seitenflächen, gesehen in Achsrichtung. Gestrichelt ist der Sektor dargestellt, in dem der dargestellte Hebel 6 liegt. Die Seitenflächen sind gegenüber den gestrichelten Sektorgrenzen eingezogen. Nur die Seitenflächen 21 des Flansches 7 reichen genau bis zur Sektorgrenze. Die Hebel liegen also mit diesen Seitenflächen 21 aneinander, im übrigen aber im Spielabstand zueinander.During their tilting movement, the levers 6 make a radial movement at both ends. They must therefore have mutual play on all of their side surface parts which carry out a tilting movement, since they would jam when the tilting movement were to take place in a sector-shaped manner on division. However, if the levers had play in all the side surface parts, the levers could fall out of the housing 1, 2. There would be additional mounting measures, such as circlips or the like. required. In order to avoid this, the levers advantageously have essentially the shape of their side surfaces shown in FIG. 4, viewed in the axial direction. The sector in which the lever 6 shown lies is shown in broken lines. The side faces are drawn in opposite to the dashed sector boundaries. Only the side surfaces 21 of the flange 7 extend exactly to the sector boundary. The levers therefore lie against one another with these side surfaces 21, but apart from that at a clearance of one another.

Daher sind die Hebel unverlierbar ohne zusätzliche Sicherungen gehalten. Sie können allerdings in die Ringnut 5 nur gemeinsam eingelegt werden. Daher ist die Ringnut durch Abnehmen des Ringes 4 von der Zylinderwand 1 teilbar auszubilden.Therefore, the levers are held captive without additional safeguards. However, they can only be inserted into the ring groove 5 together. Therefore, the annular groove can be made divisible by removing the ring 4 from the cylinder wall 1.

Die Hebel sollen mit ihrem Arbeitsende 8, das auf der Innenseite in geeignet formgebender Weise ausgebildet ist, eine nicht dargestellte dünnwandige Siegelkappe auf dem Verschluß eines Fasses von allen Seiten radial andrücken. Dabei soll vermieden werden, daß in den Fugen zwischen den Hebeln Druckmarken auf der Oberfläche der Siegelkappe entstehen. Aus diesem Grund ist eine möglichst große Anzahl von Hebeln vorzusehen. Es sollten daher mindestens 10 Hebel auf dem Umfang angeordnet sein. Vorteilhaft sind mindestens 15 Hebel vorgesehen. Versuche mit 18 Hebeln haben sich als optimal erwiesen.With their working end 8, which is formed on the inside in a suitably shaping manner, the levers should press a thin-walled sealing cap (not shown) radially from all sides onto the closure of a barrel. It should be avoided that pressure marks appear on the surface of the sealing cap in the joints between the levers. For this reason, the largest possible number of levers should be provided. At least 10 levers should therefore be arranged on the circumference. At least 15 levers are advantageously provided. Experiments with 18 levers have proven to be optimal.

Claims (6)

  1. Tool for locking sealing caps for the safety seal of drums with concentrically arranged rocking arms (6), which are aligned substantially parallel to the axis of actuation and which, when moved axially relative to a conical actuation surface, are so acted on that their working ends (8) are squeezed together radially against a spring force acting to spread them, characterised in that the actuation surface is disposed on a cone (11) which tapers in the direction of actuation (17) and which slides on the inner surface of actuation ends (9) of the arms (6), which bear externally between the actuation ends (9) and working ends (8) with flanges (7) in an annular groove (5) in a stationary housing (1,4), which surrounds the arms (6) and is constructed to divide in the annular groove (5) transversely to the axis (12).
  2. Tool as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that adjacent arms (6) only contact one another in the region of the flanges (7) in the groove (5) (side surfaces 21) and are spaced from the remaining side surface portions.
  3. Tool as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cone (11) is actuated by a pneumatic cylinder (15) secured to the housing (2) as an axial extension thereof.
  4. Tool as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the piston (14) of the pneumatic cylinder (15) may be acted on in both directions.
  5. Tool as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least ten arms (6) are provided.
  6. Tool as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that at least fifteen arms (6) are provided.
EP91102313A 1990-02-24 1991-02-19 Closing tool for drum-sealing caps Expired - Lifetime EP0444500B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4005875 1990-02-24
DE4005875 1990-02-24

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EP0444500A1 EP0444500A1 (en) 1991-09-04
EP0444500B1 true EP0444500B1 (en) 1994-04-06

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DE (1) DE59101303D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997003790A1 (en) * 1995-07-14 1997-02-06 The West Company, Incorporated Method and apparatus for applying two-piece closure to vial
US10807744B1 (en) 2018-11-14 2020-10-20 Specialty Equipment Fabrication Company Apparatus, systems and methods for manipulating a drum or other container
DE102022126330A1 (en) * 2022-10-11 2024-04-11 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Capper head for capper

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE111240C (en) *
US2749003A (en) * 1951-06-02 1956-06-05 Willy E Zimmermann Container closing device
CH295577A (en) * 1951-12-07 1953-12-31 Mueller Strobel Josef Device for attaching crown caps to bottles.
DE1782378A1 (en) * 1968-08-23 1971-08-12 Enzinger Union Werke Ag Above a bottle to be closed vertically movable closure stamp for applying crown corks and similar closures to bottles

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DE59101303D1 (en) 1994-05-11
EP0444500A1 (en) 1991-09-04

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