EP0444279A1 - Method for reducing the residual injection amount in injection pumps - Google Patents

Method for reducing the residual injection amount in injection pumps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0444279A1
EP0444279A1 EP19900124333 EP90124333A EP0444279A1 EP 0444279 A1 EP0444279 A1 EP 0444279A1 EP 19900124333 EP19900124333 EP 19900124333 EP 90124333 A EP90124333 A EP 90124333A EP 0444279 A1 EP0444279 A1 EP 0444279A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection
shut
valve
distributor
internal combustion
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Granted
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EP19900124333
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0444279B1 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Dipl.-Ing. Bronkal (Fh)
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0205Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively for cutting-out pumps or injectors in case of abnormal operation of the engine or the injection apparatus, e.g. over-speed, break-down of fuel pumps or injectors ; for cutting-out pumps for stopping the engine
    • F02M63/0215Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively for cutting-out pumps or injectors in case of abnormal operation of the engine or the injection apparatus, e.g. over-speed, break-down of fuel pumps or injectors ; for cutting-out pumps for stopping the engine by draining or closing fuel conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for reducing the residual injection quantity of injection pumps provided with injection adjusters, in particular distributor injection pumps, when switching off internal combustion engines, the switching-off process being initiated by closing a shut-off valve, in particular an electromagnetic shut-off device.
  • the invention relates primarily to distributor injection pumps.
  • This known type of pump has only one pump element for all cylinders of an assigned internal combustion engine.
  • a piston of the distributor injection pump delivers the fuel by means of a lifting movement and distributes it to individual outlets by means of a rotating movement. The piston does this during one revolution of the piston or a drive shaft assigned to it to supply many strokes like engine cylinders.
  • the fuel injection pump is mostly supplied by an integrated vane pump.
  • An electric shut-off valve (ELAB) is provided for stopping the internal combustion engine. It is disadvantageous that, despite the shut-off valve being closed, a partially considerable remaining amount of fuel is injected in certain operating areas, so that shut-off by closing the shut-off valve is not guaranteed.
  • a control device for stopping an internal combustion engine in which fuel is sucked out of a fuel tank during normal operation and passed via a delivery line to the suction chamber of an injection pump.
  • a separate suction device is provided, which is connected with its suction side to the suction chamber of the injection pump and sucks the latter empty when the internal combustion engines are stopped.
  • the inventive method with the features mentioned in the main claim has the advantage that a precise and safe shutdown of the internal combustion engine is guaranteed.
  • the measures according to the invention reduce the residual injection quantity in such a way that, regardless of the working point at hand, the shutdown is always correct.
  • the measure to adjust the spray adjuster in the early position after the shut-off valve is closed it is prevented that substantial amounts of fuel can penetrate from the pump interior through the control cross-section to the piston / cylinder unit (ELAB antechamber V2). This significantly reduces the amount of residual injection.
  • the sprayer advance position is only started after a waiting time has elapsed.
  • the length of the waiting time is preferably selected such that the amount of fuel already supplied to the cylinders of the internal combustion engine when the shut-off valve closes is consumed in the present working position of the injection adjuster. Only then does the spray adjuster take its early position. This means that combustion of the fuel in the early position of the injection adjuster is essentially avoided, and consequently a hard engine noise which otherwise occurs in this early position does not occur with the corresponding mechanical load.
  • the waiting time can preferably be 200 to 300 ms.
  • the invention further relates to an injection pump provided with a spray adjuster, in particular a distributor injection pump, with a shut-off valve which is closed when an associated internal combustion engine is switched off, the spray adjuster taking up its early position after the shut-off valve has been closed.
  • a spray adjuster in particular a distributor injection pump
  • a shut-off valve which is closed when an associated internal combustion engine is switched off
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a distributor injection pump 1.
  • This has an integrated vane pump 2 for the fuel supply.
  • an injection adjuster 3 is provided, with the aid of which an early or late adjustment can be carried out with regard to a reference point, for example the top dead center (TDC) of a distributor piston 4 of the distributor injection pump 1.
  • TDC top dead center
  • the distributor piston 4 is actuated via a lifting disk 6 driven by a drive shaft 5. Cam lobes on the underside of the lifting disc 6 roll on rollers of a roller ring. As a result, the lifting disc 6 and the distributor piston 4 perform a lifting movement in addition to a rotary movement.
  • the rotary movement serves to distribute the fuel to the individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine (not shown), while the lifting movement is used to build up pressure for fuel injection.
  • the distributor piston 4 is guided in a cylinder bore 7 of a distributor body 8.
  • the distributor piston 4 is provided with an axial bore 9, which ends at one end in an end wall 10 of the distributor piston 4 and merges into a radial bore 11 at its other end.
  • a slide 12 of a control device 13 interacts with the radial bore 11 and can be used to axially shift the slide 12.
  • a discharge cross section 14 (FIG. 2) can be set on the radial bore 11, which opens into the pump interior 15.
  • a transverse channel 16 is provided approximately in the middle of the axial bore 9, which cooperates with several mutually angularly offset bores 17 in the distributor body 8 (only one bore 17 is shown in the figures).
  • the bores 17 lead via feed lines 18 to pipe connections 19, which have injection lines leading to the engine cylinders (not shown) are connected.
  • a pressure valve 20 can be provided.
  • an electronic shutdown device 21 is provided with a shutoff valve 22, with which an ELAB anteroom V2, which is formed in the distributor body 8, can be shut off from a fuel supply channel 23.
  • the fuel supply channel 23 opens into the pump interior 15.
  • the piston is first brought into the UT position, which increases an element space V 1, which is formed between the end wall 10 of the distributor piston 4 and an end wall 26 of the distributor body 8.
  • V 1 which is formed between the end wall 10 of the distributor piston 4 and an end wall 26 of the distributor body 8.
  • the valve body 27 of the shut-off valve 22 is displaced in the direction of the arrow 28, so that fuel along the path indicated by the dashed arrow (FIG. 2) into the ELAB antechamber V2 and from there via a passage 29 in the distributor body 8 and corresponding Slots 30, which are located in the region of the end wall 10 on the periphery of the distributor piston 4, can enter the element space V1.
  • the distributor piston 4 is displaced in the direction of arrow 25 into its TDC position, so that the pressure in the element space V 1 increases and the fuel through the axial bore 9 and the transverse channel 16, the corresponding bore 17 and the associated supply line 18 is promoted to the cylinder of the internal combustion engine to be operated. If the next cylinder is to be operated subsequently, the described procedure is carried out accordingly, but the transverse channel 16 interacts with another bore 17 of the distributor body 8, that is to say the distributor piston 4 is rotated.
  • the fuel delivery is terminated by the fact that Depending on its position, the slide 12 releases the discharge cross section 14, as a result of which the pressure collapses, and consequently the excess fuel enters the pump interior 15 and is therefore no longer available for injection.
  • the time cross section of the control cross section 14 is dependent on the speed, the desired end of delivery and the shape of the control cross section 14.
  • connection between element space V1 and ELAB vestibule V2 is made relative to the cam stroke (distributor piston actuating device) by the position of the inlet timing and the spray adjuster 3, that is, a spray adjuster late position in contrast to an injection adjuster early position, so the Inlet cross section and thus the connection between element space V1 and ELAB anteroom V2 opened relatively earlier.
  • This means that the connection between element space V1 and ELAB vestibule V2 in the advance position is only produced after the TDC position of the distributor piston 4 has been reached, that is to say when the distributor piston 4 is already moving in the direction of the arrow 24.
  • the connection between the element space V 1 and the ELAB antechamber V 2 is established in a late position of the injection adjuster before the distributor piston 4 reaches the TDC position.
  • the ELAB anteroom V2 is filled with more fuel in the late position and less in the early position.
  • a remaining amount of fuel after closing the shut-off valve 22 in the ELAB anteroom V2 thus prevents spontaneous shutdown of the internal combustion engine.
  • a fuel recovery can occur, namely that fuel is fed in from the pump interior 15 through the control cross section 14 and the axial bore 9, contrary to the normal flow direction, and despite the shut-off valve 22 being closed . This is the case in particular at low engine speeds, since then there is a large temporal discharge cross section 14 and a late start of injection is set on the injection adjuster 3.
  • the injection adjuster is adjusted in the early position after the shut-off valve 22 is closed in order to switch off the internal combustion engine, the disadvantages mentioned do not occur.
  • the adjustment of the spray adjuster 3 is carried out by corresponding setting of a corresponding solenoid valve duty cycle. In the early position according to the invention, the residual amount that is still required for an injection after the Closing the shut-off valve 22 is available. In this respect, the safety increases with the preferably electronically controlled distributor injection pump 1.
  • a waiting time which is in particular 200 to 300 ms. This ensures that the amount of fuel that is already present is still consumed in the corresponding cylinders of the internal combustion engine before the advance position of the injection adjuster is assumed. This prevents hard engine noise that otherwise occurs in the early position and the associated load.
  • the advance adjustment of the spray adjuster will generally take place after the waiting period mentioned has elapsed after the shut-off valve 22 has closed.
  • a slight delay in the switch-off process is accepted. If a very quick shutdown of the internal combustion engine is required, for example in the event of an emergency shutdown, the advance adjustment of the spray adjuster 3 takes place simultaneously with the actuation of the shut-off valve 22. In this case, the noise generated by the internal combustion engine is accepted.

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verminderung der Resteinspritzmenge von mit Spritzversteller versehenen Einspritzpumpen, insbesondere Verteilereinspritzpumpen, beim Abschalten von Brennkraftmaschinen, wobei der Abschaltvorgang durch Schließen eines Abstellventils eingeleitet wird. Für ein sicheres Abschalten wird vorgeschlagen, daß mit dem Schließen des Abstellventils (22) der Spritzversteller (3) in Frühlage verstellt wird. <IMAGE>The invention relates to a method for reducing the residual injection quantity of injection pumps provided with injection adjusters, in particular distributor injection pumps, when switching off internal combustion engines, the switching-off process being initiated by closing a shut-off valve. For a safe shutdown, it is proposed that the spray adjuster (3) be adjusted in the early position when the shut-off valve (22) is closed. <IMAGE>

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verminderung der Resteinspritzmenge von mit Spritzversteller versehenen Einspritzpumpen, insbesondere Verteilereinspritzpumpen, beim Abschalten von Brennkraftmaschinen, wobei der Abschaltvorgang durch Schließen eines Abstellventils, insbesondere elektromagnetische Abstellvorrichtung, eingeleitet wird.The invention relates to a method for reducing the residual injection quantity of injection pumps provided with injection adjusters, in particular distributor injection pumps, when switching off internal combustion engines, the switching-off process being initiated by closing a shut-off valve, in particular an electromagnetic shut-off device.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich hauptsächlich auf Verteilereinspritzpumpen. Diese bekannte Pumpenart besitzt nur ein Pumpenelement für alle Zylinder einer zugeordneten Brennkraftmaschine. Ein Kolben der Verteilereinspritzpumpe fördert den Kraftstoff durch eine Hubbewegung und verteilt ihn durch eine Drehbewegung auf einzelne Auslässe. Während einer Umdrehung des Kolbens beziehungsweise einer diesem zugeordneten Antriebswelle macht der Kolben so viele Hübe wie Motorenzylinder zu versorgen. Die Kraftstoffversorgung der Verteilereinspritzpumpe erfolgt zumeist über eine integrierte Flügelzellen-Förderpumpe. Zum Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine ist ein elektrisches Abstellventil (ELAB) vorgesehen. Nachteilig ist, daß trotz geschlossenem Abstellventil in bestimmten Betriebsbereichen eine teilweise beachtliche Restmenge des Kraftstoffs eingespritzt wird, so daß ein Abstellen durch Schließen des Abstellventils nicht sicher gewährleistet ist. Ein wesentlicher Grund liegt darin, daß bei geschlossenem Abstellventil eine Kraftstoffzuleitung während der "unteren Totpunkt-Bewegung" (UT-Bewegung) des Kolbens der Einspritzpumpe auch über einen Absteuerquerschnitt vom Pumpeninnenraum heraus erfolgen kann. Diese Kraftstoffzuführung ist vom Zeitquerschnitt des Absteuerquerschnitts abhängig, der mit der Drehzahl, dem Zeitpunkt des Förderendes, der Form des Absteuerquerschnitts und dem Pumpeninnenraumdruck variiert.The invention relates primarily to distributor injection pumps. This known type of pump has only one pump element for all cylinders of an assigned internal combustion engine. A piston of the distributor injection pump delivers the fuel by means of a lifting movement and distributes it to individual outlets by means of a rotating movement. The piston does this during one revolution of the piston or a drive shaft assigned to it to supply many strokes like engine cylinders. The fuel injection pump is mostly supplied by an integrated vane pump. An electric shut-off valve (ELAB) is provided for stopping the internal combustion engine. It is disadvantageous that, despite the shut-off valve being closed, a partially considerable remaining amount of fuel is injected in certain operating areas, so that shut-off by closing the shut-off valve is not guaranteed. An important reason lies in the fact that when the shut-off valve is closed, a fuel supply line during the “bottom dead center movement” (UT movement) of the piston of the injection pump can also take place from the interior of the pump via a control cross section. This fuel supply is dependent on the time cross section of the control cross section, which varies with the speed, the time of the end of delivery, the shape of the control cross section and the pump interior pressure.

Aus der DE-OS 33 04 335 ist eine Steuereinrichtung zum Stillsitzen einer Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, bei der im Normalbetrieb Kraftstoff aus einem Kraftstofftank angesaugt und über eine Förderleitung zum Saugraum einer Einspritzpumpe geleitet wird. Für ein sicheres Abschalten ist eine separate Absaugvorrichtung vorgesehen, die mit ihrer Saugseite mit dem Saugraum der Einspritzpumpe in Verbindung steht und letzteren beim Stillsitzen der Brennkraftmaschinen leersaugt.From DE-OS 33 04 335 a control device for stopping an internal combustion engine is known, in which fuel is sucked out of a fuel tank during normal operation and passed via a delivery line to the suction chamber of an injection pump. For a safe shutdown, a separate suction device is provided, which is connected with its suction side to the suction chamber of the injection pump and sucks the latter empty when the internal combustion engines are stopped.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit den im Hauptanspruch genannten Merkmalen hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß ein präzises und sicheres Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine gewährleistet ist. Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen wird die Resteinspritzmenge derart verringert, daß -unabhängig vom vorliegenden Arbeitspunkt- stets ein einwandfreies Abstellen erfolgt. Durch die Maßnahme, nach dem Schließen des Abstellventils den Spritzversteller in Frühlage zu verstellen, wird verhindert, daß vom Pumpeninnenraum aus wesentliche Kraftstoffmengen durch den Absteuerquerschnitt zur Kolben/Zylinder-Einheit (ELAB-Vorraum V₂) vordringen können. Hierdurch wird die Resteinspritzmenge entscheidend verkleinert.The inventive method with the features mentioned in the main claim has the advantage that a precise and safe shutdown of the internal combustion engine is guaranteed. The measures according to the invention reduce the residual injection quantity in such a way that, regardless of the working point at hand, the shutdown is always correct. By the measure to adjust the spray adjuster in the early position after the shut-off valve is closed, it is prevented that substantial amounts of fuel can penetrate from the pump interior through the control cross-section to the piston / cylinder unit (ELAB antechamber V₂). This significantly reduces the amount of residual injection.

Nach einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß nach dem Schließen des Abstellventils erst nach Ablauf einer Wartezeit die Spritzversteller-Frühlage angefahren wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that after the shut-off valve has been closed, the sprayer advance position is only started after a waiting time has elapsed.

Die Länge der Wartezeit wird vorzugsweise derart gewählt, daß die den Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine im Schließzeitpunkt des Abstellventils bereits zugeführte Kraftstoffmenge in der vorliegenden Arbeitsstellung des Spritzverstellers verbraucht wird. Erst dann nimmt der Spritzversteller seine Frühlage ein. Dies führt dazu, daß im wesentlichen eine Verbrennung des Kraftstoffs in der Frühlage des Spritzverstellers vermieden wird, mithin ein sonst in dieser Frühlage auftretendes hartes Motorgeräusch mit der entsprechend einhergehenden mechanischen Belastung nicht auftritt.The length of the waiting time is preferably selected such that the amount of fuel already supplied to the cylinders of the internal combustion engine when the shut-off valve closes is consumed in the present working position of the injection adjuster. Only then does the spray adjuster take its early position. This means that combustion of the fuel in the early position of the injection adjuster is essentially avoided, and consequently a hard engine noise which otherwise occurs in this early position does not occur with the corresponding mechanical load.

Die Wartezeit kann vorzugsweise 200 bis 300 ms betragen.The waiting time can preferably be 200 to 300 ms.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine mit Spritzversteller versehene Einspritzpumpe, insbesondere Verteilereinspritzpumpe, mit einem Absperrventil, das beim Abschalten einer zugeordneten Brennkraftmaschine geschlossen wird, wobei nach dem Schließen des Abstellventils der Spritzversteller seine Frühlage einnimmt.The invention further relates to an injection pump provided with a spray adjuster, in particular a distributor injection pump, with a shut-off valve which is closed when an associated internal combustion engine is switched off, the spray adjuster taking up its early position after the shut-off valve has been closed.

Zeichnungdrawing

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
ein Längsschnitt durch eine Verteilereinspritzpumpe und
Figur 2
die Kolben/Zylinder-Einheit einer Verteilereinspritzpumpe.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. Show it:
Figure 1
a longitudinal section through a distributor injection pump and
Figure 2
the piston / cylinder unit of a distributor injection pump.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine Längsschnitt durch eine Verteilereinspritzpumpe 1. Diese weist für die Kraftstoffversorgung eine integrierte Flügelzellen-Förderpumpe 2 auf. Ferner ist ein Spritzversteller 3 vorgesehen, mit dessen Hilfe im Hinblick auf einen Bezugspunkt, zum Beispiel dem oberen Totpunkt (OT) eines Verteilerkolbens 4 der Verteilereinspritzpumpe 1 eine Früh- beziehungsweise Spätverstellung vorgenommen werden kann. Dies bedeutet, daß der Kraftstoff entsprechend früher beziehungsweise später eingespritzt wird.FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a distributor injection pump 1. This has an integrated vane pump 2 for the fuel supply. Furthermore, an injection adjuster 3 is provided, with the aid of which an early or late adjustment can be carried out with regard to a reference point, for example the top dead center (TDC) of a distributor piston 4 of the distributor injection pump 1. This means that the Fuel is injected earlier or later accordingly.

Der Verteilerkolben 4 wird über eine von einer Antriebswelle 5 angetriebene Hubscheibe 6 betätigt. Nockenerhebungen auf der Unterseite der Hubscheibe 6 wälzen sich auf Rollen eines Rollenrings ab. Hierdurch führt die Hubscheibe 6 und der Verteilerkolben 4 zusätzlich zu einer Drehbewegung eine Hubbewegung aus. Die Drehbewegung dient der Verteilung des Kraftstoffs auf die einzelnen Zylinder einer nicht dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine, während die Hubbewegung zum Druckaufbau für die Kraftstoffeinspritzung herangezogen wird.The distributor piston 4 is actuated via a lifting disk 6 driven by a drive shaft 5. Cam lobes on the underside of the lifting disc 6 roll on rollers of a roller ring. As a result, the lifting disc 6 and the distributor piston 4 perform a lifting movement in addition to a rotary movement. The rotary movement serves to distribute the fuel to the individual cylinders of an internal combustion engine (not shown), while the lifting movement is used to build up pressure for fuel injection.

Der Verteilerkolben 4 ist in einer Zylinderbohrung 7 eines Verteilerkörpers 8 geführt. Der Verteilerkolben 4 ist mit einer Axialbohrung 9 versehen, die mit einem Ende in ein Stirnwandung 10 des Verteilerkolbens 4 mündet und an ihrem anderen Ende in eine Radialbohrung 11 übergeht. Mit der Radialbohrung 11 wirkt ein Schieber 12 einer Regeleinrichtung 13 zusammen, mit deren Hilfe eine Axialverlagerung des Schiebers 12 vorgenommen werden kann. In Abhängigkeit von der Stellung des Schiebers 12 läßt sich an der Radialbohrung 11 ein Absteuerquerschnitt 14 (Figur 2) einstellen, der in den Pumpeninnenraum 15 mündet. Aus der Figur 2 ist ersichtlich, daß etwa in der Mitte der Axialbohrung 9 ein Querkanal 16 vorgesehen ist, der mit mehreren zueinander winkelversetzten Bohrungen 17 im Verteilerkörper 8 zusammenwirkt (in den Figuren ist lediglich eine Bohrung 17 dargestellt). Die Bohrungen 17 führen über Zuleitungen 18 zu Rohranschlüssen 19, die mit zu den Motorzylindern führenden Einspritzleitungen (nicht dargestellt) verbunden sind. Ferner kann -gemäß Figur 1- ein Druckventil 20 vorgesehen sein.The distributor piston 4 is guided in a cylinder bore 7 of a distributor body 8. The distributor piston 4 is provided with an axial bore 9, which ends at one end in an end wall 10 of the distributor piston 4 and merges into a radial bore 11 at its other end. A slide 12 of a control device 13 interacts with the radial bore 11 and can be used to axially shift the slide 12. Depending on the position of the slide 12, a discharge cross section 14 (FIG. 2) can be set on the radial bore 11, which opens into the pump interior 15. From Figure 2 it can be seen that a transverse channel 16 is provided approximately in the middle of the axial bore 9, which cooperates with several mutually angularly offset bores 17 in the distributor body 8 (only one bore 17 is shown in the figures). The bores 17 lead via feed lines 18 to pipe connections 19, which have injection lines leading to the engine cylinders (not shown) are connected. Furthermore, according to FIG. 1, a pressure valve 20 can be provided.

Ferner ist eine elektronische Abstellvorrichtung 21 mit einem Abstellventil 22 vorgesehen, mit dem ein ELAB-Vorraum V₂, der im Verteilerkörper 8 ausgebildet ist, gegenüber einem Kraftstoff-Zuführkanal 23 abgesperrt werden kann. Der Kraftstoff-Zuführkanal 23 mündet in den Pumpeninnenraum 15.Furthermore, an electronic shutdown device 21 is provided with a shutoff valve 22, with which an ELAB anteroom V₂, which is formed in the distributor body 8, can be shut off from a fuel supply channel 23. The fuel supply channel 23 opens into the pump interior 15.

Im nachfolgenden soll die Funktion der Verteilereinspritzpumpe 1 näher erläutert werden:
Bei Drehung der Antriebswelle 5 veranlaßt die Hubscheibe 6 aufgrund der Nockensteuerung sowohl eine Hubbewegung des Verteilerkolbens 4 als auch dessen Drehung. In der Figur 2 deutet der Pfeil 24 die Bewegung des Verteilerkolbens 4 in die "untere Totpunkt-Stellung" (UT-Stellung) an. Im Gegensatz dazu weist der Pfeil 25 in die "obere Totpunkt-Stellung" (OT-Stellung).
The function of the distributor injection pump 1 will be explained in more detail below:
When the drive shaft 5 rotates, the lifting disk 6, due to the cam control, causes both a lifting movement of the distributor piston 4 and its rotation. In Figure 2, the arrow 24 indicates the movement of the distributor piston 4 in the "bottom dead center position" (UT position). In contrast, the arrow 25 points to the "top dead center position" (TDC position).

Für einen Einspritzvorgang wird der Kolben zunächst in die UT-Stellung verbracht, wodurch sich ein Elementraum V₁ vergrößert, der zwischen der Stirnwandung 10 des Verteilerkolbens 4 und einer Stirnwand 26 des Verteilerkörpers 8 ausgebildet ist. Im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine ist der Ventilkörper 27 des Abstellventils 22 in Richtung des Pfeiles 28 verlagert, so daß Kraftstoff entlang der mit gestricheltem Pfeil eingetragenen Bahn (Figur 2) in den ELAB-Vorraum V₂ und von dort über einen Durchlaß 29 im Verteilerkörper 8 und entsprechende Schlitze 30, die sich im Bereich der Stirnwandung 10 an der Peripherie des Verteilerkolbens 4 befinden, in den Elementraum V₁ eintreten kann. Zum Aufbau des Einspritzdrucks wird der Verteilerkolben 4 in Richtung des Pfeils 25 in seine OT-Stellung verlagert, so daß sich der Druck im Elementraum V₁ erhöht und der Kraftstoff durch die Axialbohrung 9 sowie den Querkanal 16, die entsprechende Bohrung 17 und die zugehörige Zuleitung 18 zum zu bedienenden Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine gefördert wird. Soll nachfolgend der nächste Zylinder bedient werden, so erfolgt der beschriebene Vorgang entsprechend, wobei jedoch der Querkanal 16 mit einer anderen Bohrung 17 des Verteilerkörpers 8 zusammenwirkt, das heißt, es erfolgt eine Verdrehung des Verteilerkolbens 4. Die Förderung des Kraftstoffs wird dadurch beendet, daß der Schieber 12 je nach seiner Lage den Absteuerquerschnitt 14 freigibt, wodurch der Druck zusammenbricht, mithin der überschüssige Kraftstoff in den Pumpeninnenraum 15 eintritt und daher nicht mehr für die Einspritzung zur Verfügung steht. Der Zeitquerschnitt des Absteuerquerschnitts 14 ist von der Drehzahl, dem gewünschten Förderende und der Form des Absteuerquerschnitts 14 abhängig.For an injection process, the piston is first brought into the UT position, which increases an element space V 1, which is formed between the end wall 10 of the distributor piston 4 and an end wall 26 of the distributor body 8. In operation of the internal combustion engine, the valve body 27 of the shut-off valve 22 is displaced in the direction of the arrow 28, so that fuel along the path indicated by the dashed arrow (FIG. 2) into the ELAB antechamber V₂ and from there via a passage 29 in the distributor body 8 and corresponding Slots 30, which are located in the region of the end wall 10 on the periphery of the distributor piston 4, can enter the element space V₁. To build up the injection pressure, the distributor piston 4 is displaced in the direction of arrow 25 into its TDC position, so that the pressure in the element space V 1 increases and the fuel through the axial bore 9 and the transverse channel 16, the corresponding bore 17 and the associated supply line 18 is promoted to the cylinder of the internal combustion engine to be operated. If the next cylinder is to be operated subsequently, the described procedure is carried out accordingly, but the transverse channel 16 interacts with another bore 17 of the distributor body 8, that is to say the distributor piston 4 is rotated. The fuel delivery is terminated by the fact that Depending on its position, the slide 12 releases the discharge cross section 14, as a result of which the pressure collapses, and consequently the excess fuel enters the pump interior 15 and is therefore no longer available for injection. The time cross section of the control cross section 14 is dependent on the speed, the desired end of delivery and the shape of the control cross section 14.

Die Verbindung zwischen Elementraum V₁ und ELAB-Vorraum V₂ wird relativ zum Nockenhub (Verteilerkolben-Betätigungsvorrichtung) durch die Lage der Einlaßsteuerzeiten und des Spritzverstellers 3 hergestellt, das heißt, liegt eine Spritzversteller-Spätlage im Gegensatz zu einer Spritzversteller-Frühlage vor, so wird der Einlaßquerschnitt und somit die Verbindung zwischen Elementraum V₁ und ELAB-Vorraum V₂ relativ früher geöffnet. Dies bedeutet, daß die Verbindung zwischen Elementraum V₁ und ELAB-Vorraum V₂ in Spritzversteller-Frühlage erst nach dem Erreichen der OT-Stellung des Verteilerkolbens 4, also bereits bei der Bewegung des Verteilerkolbens 4 in Richtung des Pfeils 24 hergestellt wird. Im Gegensatz dazu wird die Verbindung zwischen dem Elementraum V₁ und dem ELAB-Vorraum V₂ bei einer Spritzversteller-Spätlage bereits vor Erreichen der OT-Stellung des Verteilerkolbens 4 hergestellt. Insgesamt ergibt sich, daß je nach Spritzverstellerlage der ELAB-Vorraum V₂ in Spätlage mehr und in Frühlage weniger mit Kraftstoff gefüllt wird. Eine nach dem Schließen des Abstellventils 22 im ELAB-Vorraum V₂ verbleibende Kraftstoffmenge verhindert also ein spontanes Abstellen der Brennkraftmaschine. Hierbei ist zu beachten, daß abhängig von der Schieberstellung quasi eine Kraftstoff-Rückspeisung eintreten kann, daß nämlich aus dem Pumpeninnenraum 15 durch den Absteuerquerschnitt 14 und die Axialbohrung 9 nunmehr -entgegengesetzt der normalen Strömungsrichtung-Kraftstoff eingespeist und -trotz geschlossenem Abstellventil 22- eingespritzt wird. Dies ist insbesondere bei kleinen Drehzahlen der Brennkraftmaschine der Fall, da dann ein großer zeitlicher Absteuerquerschnitt 14 vorliegt und ein später Spritzbeginn am Spritzversteller 3 eingestellt ist.The connection between element space V₁ and ELAB vestibule V₂ is made relative to the cam stroke (distributor piston actuating device) by the position of the inlet timing and the spray adjuster 3, that is, a spray adjuster late position in contrast to an injection adjuster early position, so the Inlet cross section and thus the connection between element space V₁ and ELAB anteroom V₂ opened relatively earlier. This means that the connection between element space V₁ and ELAB vestibule V₂ in the advance position is only produced after the TDC position of the distributor piston 4 has been reached, that is to say when the distributor piston 4 is already moving in the direction of the arrow 24. In contrast to this, the connection between the element space V 1 and the ELAB antechamber V 2 is established in a late position of the injection adjuster before the distributor piston 4 reaches the TDC position. Overall, it follows that, depending on the position of the spray adjuster, the ELAB anteroom V₂ is filled with more fuel in the late position and less in the early position. A remaining amount of fuel after closing the shut-off valve 22 in the ELAB anteroom V₂ thus prevents spontaneous shutdown of the internal combustion engine. It should be noted here that, depending on the slide position, a fuel recovery can occur, namely that fuel is fed in from the pump interior 15 through the control cross section 14 and the axial bore 9, contrary to the normal flow direction, and despite the shut-off valve 22 being closed . This is the case in particular at low engine speeds, since then there is a large temporal discharge cross section 14 and a late start of injection is set on the injection adjuster 3.

Da erfindungsgemäß nach dem Schließen des Abstellventils 22 zum Abschalten der Brennkraftmaschine der Spritzversteller in Frühlage verstellt wird, treten die genannten Nachteile nicht auf. Die Verstellung des Spritzverstellers 3 wird durch entsprechende Einstellung eines entsprechenden Magnetventil-Tastverhältnisses vorgenommen. In der erfindungsgemäßen Frühlage verringert sich die Restmenge, die noch für eine Einspritzung nach dem Schließen des Abstellventils 22 zur Verfügung steht. Insofern erhöht sich die Sicherheit bei der vorzugsweise elektronisch geregelten Verteilereinspritzpumpe 1.Since, according to the invention, the injection adjuster is adjusted in the early position after the shut-off valve 22 is closed in order to switch off the internal combustion engine, the disadvantages mentioned do not occur. The adjustment of the spray adjuster 3 is carried out by corresponding setting of a corresponding solenoid valve duty cycle. In the early position according to the invention, the residual amount that is still required for an injection after the Closing the shut-off valve 22 is available. In this respect, the safety increases with the preferably electronically controlled distributor injection pump 1.

Zwischen dem Schließen des Abstellventils 22 und der Einstellung der Spritzversteller-Frühlage kann vorzugsweise eine Wartezeit liegen, die insbesondere 200 bis 300 ms beträgt. Hierdurch ist sichergestellt, daß die bereits vorliegende Kraftstoffmenge noch in den entsprechenden Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine verbraucht wird, bevor die Spritzversteller-Frühlage eingenommen ist. Hierdurch wird ein sonst in der Frühlage auftretendes hartes Motorgeräusch sowie die damit einhergehende Belastung vermieden.Between the closing of the shut-off valve 22 and the setting of the injection adjuster early position, there can preferably be a waiting time which is in particular 200 to 300 ms. This ensures that the amount of fuel that is already present is still consumed in the corresponding cylinders of the internal combustion engine before the advance position of the injection adjuster is assumed. This prevents hard engine noise that otherwise occurs in the early position and the associated load.

Es ist vorgesehen, daß die Frühverstellung des Spritzverstellers in der Regel nach Ablauf der genannten Wartezeit nach dem Schließzeitpunkt des Abstellventils 22 erfolgt. Hier wird somit eine geringe Verzögerung des Abschaltvorgangs in Kauf genommen. Wird ein sehr schnelles Abschalten der Brennkraftmaschine gefordert, zum Beispiel beim Abschalten im Notfall, so erfolgt die Frühverstellung des Spritzverstellers 3 gleichzeitig mit der Betätigung des Abstellventils 22. In diesem Falle wird die dadurch hervorgerufene Geräuschentwicklung der Brennkraftmaschine in Kauf genommen.It is envisaged that the advance adjustment of the spray adjuster will generally take place after the waiting period mentioned has elapsed after the shut-off valve 22 has closed. Here, a slight delay in the switch-off process is accepted. If a very quick shutdown of the internal combustion engine is required, for example in the event of an emergency shutdown, the advance adjustment of the spray adjuster 3 takes place simultaneously with the actuation of the shut-off valve 22. In this case, the noise generated by the internal combustion engine is accepted.

Claims (4)

Verfahren zur Verminderung der Resteinspritzmenge von mit Spritzversteller versehenen Einspritzpumpen, insbesondere Verteilereinspritzpumpen, beim Abschalten von Brennkraftmaschinen, wobei der Abschaltvorgang durch Schließen eines Abstellventils eingeleitet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit dem Schließen des Abstellventils (22) der Spritzversteller (3) in Frühlage verstellt wird.A process for reducing the residual injection quantity of provided with injection timing fuel injection pumps, particularly distributor injection pumps, when switching off the internal combustion engine, wherein the turn-off operation is initiated by closing a shut-off valve, characterized in that the injection timer (3) is displaced in the advanced position with the closing of the shut-off valve (22) . Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Schließen des Abstellventils (22) erst nach Ablauf einer Wartezeit die Spritzversteller-Frühlage angefahren wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the shut-off valve (22) has been closed, the early position of the injection adjuster is only approached after a waiting time has elapsed. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Länge der Wartezeit derart gewählt wird, daß die den Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine im Schließzeitpunkt des Abstellventils (22) bereits zugeführte Kraftstoffmenge in der vorliegenden Arbeitsstellung des Spritzverstellers (3) verbraucht wird.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length of the waiting time is selected such that the amount of fuel already supplied to the cylinders of the internal combustion engine at the time of closing of the shut-off valve (22) is consumed in the present working position of the spray adjuster (3). Mit Spritzversteller versehene Einspritzpumpe, insbesondere Verteilereinspritzpumpe, mit einem Absperrventil, das zum Abschalten einer zugeordneten Brennkraftmaschine geschlossen wird, insbesondere zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Schließen des Abstellventils (22) der Spritzversteller (3) seine Frühlage einnimmt.Injection pump provided with a spray adjuster, in particular a distributor injection pump, with a shut-off valve which is closed for switching off an assigned internal combustion engine, in particular for carrying out the method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that after the shut-off valve (22) is closed, the spray adjuster (3 ) takes its early position.
EP90124333A 1990-02-27 1990-12-15 Method for reducing the residual injection amount in injection pumps Expired - Lifetime EP0444279B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4006084A DE4006084A1 (en) 1990-02-27 1990-02-27 METHOD AND REDUCTION OF RESIDUAL INJECTION AMOUNT OF INJECTION PUMPS
DE4006084 1990-02-27

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EP0444279A1 true EP0444279A1 (en) 1991-09-04
EP0444279B1 EP0444279B1 (en) 1993-05-26

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EP (1) EP0444279B1 (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0444279B1 (en) 1993-05-26
JP3070961B2 (en) 2000-07-31
US5048488A (en) 1991-09-17
JPH06341331A (en) 1994-12-13
DE59001565D1 (en) 1993-07-01
DE4006084A1 (en) 1991-08-29

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