EP0443319B1 - Flexibler Behälter zum Transportieren und Lagern von Schüttgut - Google Patents

Flexibler Behälter zum Transportieren und Lagern von Schüttgut Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0443319B1
EP0443319B1 EP91100464A EP91100464A EP0443319B1 EP 0443319 B1 EP0443319 B1 EP 0443319B1 EP 91100464 A EP91100464 A EP 91100464A EP 91100464 A EP91100464 A EP 91100464A EP 0443319 B1 EP0443319 B1 EP 0443319B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
container according
fabric material
fold bundle
fold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91100464A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0443319A3 (en
EP0443319A2 (de
Inventor
Per Nyman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
W Rosenlew Oy AB
Original Assignee
W Rosenlew Oy AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by W Rosenlew Oy AB filed Critical W Rosenlew Oy AB
Publication of EP0443319A2 publication Critical patent/EP0443319A2/de
Publication of EP0443319A3 publication Critical patent/EP0443319A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0443319B1 publication Critical patent/EP0443319B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/16—Large containers flexible
    • B65D88/1612—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC]
    • B65D88/1618—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC] double-walled or with linings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/16—Large containers flexible
    • B65D88/1612—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/16—Large containers flexible
    • B65D88/1612—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC]
    • B65D88/1675—Lifting fittings
    • B65D88/1681—Flexible, e.g. loops, or reinforcements therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flexible container of fabric material for transporting and storing bulk cargo, which container comprises a shell, a bottom and a closable filling opening, which container can be lifted from its upper end, and the joints forming the container are made by seaming or gluing.
  • Such flexible containers, or so-called bulk sacks are manufactured either of a circularly woven fabric or of a flat fabric.
  • One general fabric materiaal is a circularly woven polypropylene fabric.
  • the bottom of a bulk sack and the lifting eyes are generally formed by means of stich seams.
  • Such bulk sacks are provided with a plastic inner sack to make the bulk sack tight.
  • Bulk sacks are nowadays manufactured also of a coated fabric material or of a fabric laminate.
  • the coating or film surface is on the outer surface of the fabric material, because of which achieving a fully tight bottom by seaming is difficult and uncertain, since achieving a tight bottom in such a way that the fabric surfaces are against each other, does generally not succeed.
  • the upper end is formed into a fold bundle, but since it is difficult to connect the the fabric surfaces tightly, a so-called rider band has been used for closing the upper end tightly.
  • Another closing method used for the upper end has been such that the edge of the upper end has been folded double and the outer surfaces of the fabric material have been seamed against each other.
  • the mouth of the bulk sack is also in this embodiment still open, but although the fold closes the upper end, it is not tight. Because of this, the seamed edge is covered with a separate flap for achieving a tight structure.
  • An object of the invention is to achieve an improvement relative to the bulk sack solutions known at the moment.
  • a more detailed object of the invention is to achieve a bulk sack, in which the necessary tightness is realized in a reliable manner, whereby the use of the inner sack is not necessary.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a bulk sack, which makes an easy and fast filling of and lifting of the bulk sack possible in a simple and reliable manner.
  • the inner surface of the fabric material is coated, a film has been laminated onto the inner surface of the fabric material or a film has been joined onto the inner surface of the fabric material, which film is at least partially fastened to the fabric.
  • the outer surface of the flexible container according to the invention is a basic fabric material, the outer surface of the container is coated or a film has been laminated onto the outer surface of the fabric material of the container.
  • the filling device is a cuff, which is permanently fastened to the outer or inner surface of the of container.
  • the closing device can also be a closing flap arranged near the filling opening, which flap is partly fixed to the outer surface of the container and which covers the filling opening.
  • the fold bundle extends downwardly from the upper edge by a distance of at least 10 mm.
  • the fold bundle is then advantageously seamed uniform at least within this distance. However, this is not necessary, but it is in principle sufficient that the fold bundle is seamed at least at its upper part, whereby the remaining fold bundle can be unseamed.
  • the fold bundle can be provided with a hole for a lifting element.
  • the fold bundle can also be provided with a scissors device tightening the traction, or the fold bundle can be folded donwards and fastened with a strap, whereby an opening is formed for the lifting element.
  • the fold bundle can also be tightened with a rope for forming a lifting eye, or a lifting link can be fixed to the fold bundle by making a joint between the lifting link and the fold bundle.
  • the container according to the invention can also be formed from a double folded fabric material piece or from two fabric material pieces placed on top of each other or from a broad fabric material piece bent into a tube. Bending a broad fabric material piece into a tube in such a way that the film surface of a coated or laminated fabric tube forms the inner surface of the tube, makes the seaming or gluing possible in a very simple manner.
  • the solution according to the invention makes the achievement of a tight joint possible merely by the seaming or gluing of the inner surfaces of the fabric material, whereby it is not necessary to ensure the external tightness of the flexible container.
  • the solution according to the invention also decreases the quantity of the fabric material to be used and the manufacturing work, but in spite of this, a better tightness is obtained. Owing to the reliable tightness, the use of an inner sack in the bulk sack according to the invention is unnecessary.
  • the bulk sack can naturally be provided with an inner sack when so desired, if there are some special reasons for using the inner sack, but the use of an inner sack in the solution of the invention is in no way necessary.
  • the lifting part is formed into a united fold bundle in connection with the manufacturing of the bulk sack, and a lifting element known per se is joined to the fold bundle.
  • the bulk sack according to the invention is provided with a slot located on the shell, which slot acts as a filling opening. Such a filling opening is closed with a closing device in a manner suitable for invention.
  • the fabric material protects the film part acting as an inner surface, and because of this the tightness remains better in case external damage is caused for the bulk sack.
  • the bulk sack solution according to the invention speeds up the filling of the bulk sack and facilitates as well as ensures a good closing result.
  • both the filling and the closing of the bulk sack is slow.
  • the inner sack damages easily both during the filling and the subsequent transportation and storage, since some part of the inner sack remains uncovered and is thus very sensitive to damage.
  • Fig. 1 shows a certain preferable embodiment of a sack blank of a bulk sack according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows another preferable embodiment of a sack blank of a bulk sack according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a third preferable embodiment of a sack blank of a bulk sack according to the invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows a certain bulk sack according to the invention. in which the upper end of the bulk sack is formed in a certain preferable manner and correspondingly the triangles of the bottom of the bulk sack in a certain preferable embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 shows a certain alternative embodiment for fastening the triangles of the bottom of the bulk sack.
  • Fig. 6 shows another preferable embodiment of the lifting-part solution of the bulk sack according to the invention.
  • Fig. 7 shows a third preferable embodiment of the lifting-part solution of the bulk sack according to the invention.
  • Fig. 8 shows a fourth preferable embodiment of the lifting-part solution of the bulk sack according to the invention.
  • Fig. 9 shows a fifth preferable embodiment of the lifting-part solution of the bulk sack according to the invention.
  • the sack blank of a bulk sack has generally been marked with a reference number 10a.
  • the sack blank 10a is formed from a doable folded fabric material piece.
  • the bulk sack 10a is thus provided with a shell 11 and a fold on a bottom portion 12.
  • the fabric material according to the invention is comprised of a basic material, whose inner surface is formed of a sealable material.
  • the inside of the fabric material is coated.
  • a film has been laminated on the inside of the fabric material.
  • a film has been joined to the inside of the fabric material, which film is at least partly fastened to the fabric.
  • the outer surface of the fabric material is in a certain embodiment only a basic fabric material.
  • a film has been laminated on the outer surface of the fabric material.
  • a slot is formed on the shell of the bulk sack 10a and preferebly in the upper portion of the shell 11 for a filling opening.
  • the edges of shell 11 are seamed with seams 14 and its open upper portion 13 with a seam 14, whereby a completely tight bulk sack bland 10a is formed.
  • the edge seams 14 can also be glue seams, and in addition to seaming, the upper portion can be closed tight also by gluing or with a double-sided tape.
  • bulk sack blank 10b is formed of two separate fabric material pieces placed on top of each other, in which case also an open bottom portion 12 must be seamed or glued with a seam 14.
  • the bottom portion 12 can also be provided with a bottom flap, when needed.
  • a bulk sack blank 10c is comprised of a sufficiently broad fabric material piece, which is bent into a tube and seamed or glued only at its one edge wiht a seam 14.
  • the other features of Fig. 3 correspond to those shown in Fig. 2.
  • the broad fabric material piece can alternatively be bent into a tube so that the edge of the seamed or glued tube is not provided with a vertical seam, but the seams are located in the lower and upper portions of the bent tube.
  • a slot 15 is formed in the manner shown in Fig. 3.
  • bottom triangles 17 of a bulk sack are folded against the sides of a shell 11 and joined to the sides within the whole range of the bottom triangles 17 or only partially.
  • the bottom triangles 17 can be formed e.g. on a mandrel.
  • a bulk sack blank 10a,10b or 10c is drawn on the mandrel, the triangles thus formed can be bent against the sides of the shell 11.
  • the bottom triangles 17 must naturally be performed before the joining of the upper portion.
  • a suitable closing device such as a cuff or a closing flap 16, which is fastened either to the inner or outer surface of the bulk sack 10 so that a tight joint is formed relative to the surface.
  • a joint goes round the entire slot 15.
  • the cuff is closed e.g. by seaming, whereby the hulk sack 10 is completely tight.
  • a closing flap is joined to the upper portion or one edge of the slot 15, and when the bulk sack 10 is filled, the slot 15 is closed with the closing flap 16 either by seaming, gluing or with a double-sided tape.
  • a separate flap, such as a tape can also naturally be used as the closing flap, but a closing flap fixed beforehand is more practical.
  • the upper portion of the bulk sack is folded, whereby a tight fold bundle 18 is formed.
  • the fold bundle 18 is provided with a tight cuff 19.
  • the use of the tight cuff 19 is not necessary, since the surfaces of the fold gaps can be joined to each other so that the fold bundle 18 is uniform and retains its form as such.
  • a hole 20 is formed on the fold bundle 18 for a lifting element.
  • Fig. 5 is otherwise similar to Fig. 4, but in this embodiment the bottom triangles are folded against a bottom 12 of the bulk sack.
  • the lifting element can be joined to the fold bundle e.g. by threading a lifting link through the hole 20 and the ends of the lifting link are joined together in a suitable manner.
  • a rope can be used as the lifting link, whose ends are tied together, or a metallic hook, whose ends are joined together.
  • a scissors lifting device 21 has been used, which is fastened to the fold bundle 18.
  • the scissors lifting device tightens up, when it is subjected to a lifting movement, i.e. the scissors lifting device 21 is subjected to traction.
  • the fold bundle 18 is bent into a curve, whereby the fold bundle 18 is formed of two branches 18a and 18b.
  • the bent fold bundle 18 is fastened with a strap 22. whereby the branches 18a and 18b form an opening 23, through which a lifting element can be threaded.
  • the gap 24 between the branches 18a and 18b can be seamed, glued or furnished with a double-sided tape.
  • the end of the branch 18b of the fold bundle 18 bent downwards can be reinforced with a thicknening portion 25. Such a reinforcement can be performed before forming the fold e.g. by placing a film strip across the track. This creates a key effect when lifting the bulk sack 10, whereby traction is formed at the lifting part of the bulk sack 10.
  • a lifting link 26 is fixed to the fold bundle 18.
  • a joint 27 between the lifting link 26 and the fold bundle 18 can be made by gluing, seaming, even by sewing or riveting as long as care is taken of the fact that in those joining modes, in which the joining mode perforates the fold bundle 18, a uniform seam remains also below the holes formed.
  • the fold bundle 18 is formed such that the fold bundle 18 expands upward, preferably conically upward.
  • a tightning link or a closing device 18 or some other corresponding closing device Prior closing the tightening link 28, a lifting link 26 is threaded in place. When the lifting link is lifted, the tightening link 28 lifts slightly upward on the neck of the bulk sack and is finally locked on the conical part of the upper end of the fold bundle.
  • the closing device can be a one-part locked ring or e.g. a closing device made of two pieces.
  • the invention relates to a flexible container (10) of fabric material for transporting and storing bulk cargo.
  • the container (10) comprises a shell (11) a bottom (12) and a closable filling opening (15).
  • the container (10) can be lifted from its upper end, and the joints forming the container (10) are made by seaming or gluing.
  • At least the inner surface of the container (10) is made of a seamable material, and the shell (11) of the container (10) is provided with a filling opening (15).
  • the lifting part of the container (10) is formed into a united fold bundle (18).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Flexibler Behälter (10) aus Material aus textilem Flächengebilde zum Transportieren und Speichern von Schüttgut, der eine geschlossene Außenhaut (11) und eine schließbare Füllöffnung (15) aufweist, wobei die Verbindungen (14), die den Behälter (10) bilden, durch Zusammennähen oder Leimen gefertigt sind,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
       zumindest die Innenfläche des Behälters (10) aus einem zusammennähbaren Material gefertigt ist, das an seinen Kanten verbunden ist, um die Verbindungen (14) auszubilden, wobei die Füllöffnung (15) mit einer Schließvorrichtung (16) ausgestattet und in einer Wand der Außenhaut angeordnet ist und der obere Hebeteil des Behälters (10) zu einem vereinigten Faltbund (18) ausgebildet ist.
  2. Behälter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innenfläche des Materials aus textilem Flächengebilde des Behälters (10) beschichtet ist.
  3. Behälter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Film auf die Innenfläche des Materials aus textilem Flächengebilde des Behälters (10) aufbracht wurde.
  4. Behälter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Film mit der Innenfläche des Materials aus textilem Flächengebilde des Behälters (10) verbunden wurde, wobei der Film zumindest teilweise am textilen Flächengebilde befestigt ist.
  5. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Außenfläche des Behälters aus einem Grundmaterial aus textilem Flächengebilde ist.
  6. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Außenfläche des Materials aus textilem Flächengebilde des Behälters (10) beschichtet ist.
  7. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Film auf die Außenfläche des Materials aus textilem Flächengebilde des Behälters (10) aufbracht wurde.
  8. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schließvorrichtung (16) eine die Füllöffnung umgebende Manschette ist, die mit der Außen- oder Innenfläche des Behälters (10) dauerhaft verbunden ist.
  9. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schließvorrichtung (16) eine Schließklappe ist, die nahe der Füllöffnung (15) positioniert ist, wobei die Klappe an der Außenfläche des Behälters (10) teilweise befestigt ist und die Füllöffnung (15) bedeckt.
  10. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich das Faltbund (18) von seiner oberen Kante um einen Abstand von zumindest 10mm nach unten erstreckt.
  11. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Faltbund (18) mit einem Loch (20) für das Hebeelement versehen ist.
  12. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Scherenvorrichtung (21), die über Zugkraft festklammert, mit dem Faltbund (18) vereinigt ist.
  13. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Faltbund (18) nach unten gefaltet und mit einer Schelle (22) befestigt ist, wodurch eine Öffnung (23) für das Hebeeleement ausgebildet ist.
  14. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Faltbund (18) mit einem Seil zum Formen eines Hebeauges befestigt ist.
  15. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Hebeverbindung (26) mit dem Faltbund (18) verbunden ist.
  16. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Faltbund (18) zu einem sich nach oben erweiternden Faltbund ausgebildet ist und daß die Hebeverbindung (26) im Faltbund (18) mittels einer Schließvorrichtung (28) festgeklemmt ist, die unterhalb seines Erweiterungsteils gepaßt ist.
  17. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Behälter (10) aus einem doppelt gefalteten Materialstück aus textilem Flächengebilde ausgebildet ist.
  18. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Behälter (10) aus zwei Materialstücken aus textilem Flächengebilde, die übereinander positioniert sind, ausgebildet ist.
  19. Behälter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Behälter aus einem breiten Materialstück aus textilem Flächengebilde ausgebildet ist, das zu einem Rohr gekrümmt ist.
EP91100464A 1990-01-25 1991-01-16 Flexibler Behälter zum Transportieren und Lagern von Schüttgut Expired - Lifetime EP0443319B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI900411A FI85257C (fi) 1990-01-25 1990-01-25 Boejlig behaollare foer transport och lagring av massagods.
FI900411 1990-01-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0443319A2 EP0443319A2 (de) 1991-08-28
EP0443319A3 EP0443319A3 (en) 1991-12-04
EP0443319B1 true EP0443319B1 (de) 1995-04-05

Family

ID=8529780

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91100464A Expired - Lifetime EP0443319B1 (de) 1990-01-25 1991-01-16 Flexibler Behälter zum Transportieren und Lagern von Schüttgut

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0443319B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE120703T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69108590T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0443319T3 (de)
FI (1) FI85257C (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3009290B1 (fr) * 2013-08-02 2016-02-05 Roquette Freres Dispositif de stockage pour vrac destine aux matieres pulverulentes
LT3027534T (lt) * 2013-08-02 2017-10-10 Roquette Freres Lankstusis kaupiklis, apimantis lankstųjį konteinerį ir vidinį įdėklą, jo gamybos būdas bei naudojimas

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2307181A (en) * 1939-11-15 1943-01-05 Irvin L Young Casing closure
US2565754A (en) * 1948-10-09 1951-08-28 Bemis Bro Bag Co Bag of open-mesh material and paper
US3068132A (en) * 1958-03-14 1962-12-11 Dracone Developments Ltd Fabrication of flexible collapsible containers
US2972791A (en) * 1958-07-24 1961-02-28 Kelem Howard Casing tie and making same
FR1398007A (fr) * 1964-03-23 1965-05-07 Begy Soc Europ De Bas Sans Cou Dispositif formant emballages pour bas ou articles analogues et procédé de fabrication d'un tel dispositif
DE2607065A1 (de) * 1976-02-21 1977-08-25 Spohn Kg Sackartiger grossbehaelter fuer den transport und die lagerung insbesondere von schuettguetern
DE2618546A1 (de) * 1976-04-28 1977-11-10 Dietz Heinz Wilhelm Verschluss fuer schlauch- oder beutelfoermige behaeltnisse
US4194652A (en) * 1977-07-07 1980-03-25 Super Sack Manufacturing Corporation Collapsible receptacle for flowable materials
FR2437925A3 (fr) * 1978-10-03 1980-04-30 Est Imprimerie Papeterie Procede pour reunir entre elles de facon etanche deux toiles impermeables
AT383324B (de) * 1978-11-15 1987-06-25 Windmoeller & Hoelscher Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verschliessen von grosssaecken
FR2450754A3 (fr) * 1979-03-06 1980-10-03 Est Imprimerie Papeterie Sac impermeable de grande contenance, a fermeture preparee et a un seul point de levage
FI70549C (fi) * 1982-11-30 1986-09-24 Goesta Rangfors Foerpackning samt foerfarande foer dess framstaellning
US4573204A (en) * 1984-03-21 1986-02-25 Polett Walter J Slide fastener for flexible bulk container
US4844958A (en) * 1987-03-16 1989-07-04 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Extrusion coated circular woven fabric
DE8911783U1 (de) * 1989-10-04 1989-11-16 M & W Verpackungen Mildenberger & Willing GmbH, 4432 Gronau Verpackungsbeutel aus schweißfähigem Folien-Material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0443319A3 (en) 1991-12-04
FI900411A0 (fi) 1990-01-25
EP0443319A2 (de) 1991-08-28
DE69108590T2 (de) 1995-08-31
DE69108590D1 (de) 1995-05-11
ATE120703T1 (de) 1995-04-15
FI85257B (fi) 1991-12-13
FI85257C (fi) 1992-03-25
FI900411A (fi) 1991-07-26
DK0443319T3 (da) 1995-07-31

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