EP0441673A1 - Jack-up oil platform - Google Patents

Jack-up oil platform Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0441673A1
EP0441673A1 EP91400187A EP91400187A EP0441673A1 EP 0441673 A1 EP0441673 A1 EP 0441673A1 EP 91400187 A EP91400187 A EP 91400187A EP 91400187 A EP91400187 A EP 91400187A EP 0441673 A1 EP0441673 A1 EP 0441673A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
legs
platform
lifting mechanisms
leg
hull
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91400187A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0441673B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre-Armand Thomas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technip Geoproduction SA
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Technip Geoproduction SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0441673A1 publication Critical patent/EP0441673A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0441673B1 publication Critical patent/EP0441673B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/04—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction
    • E02B17/08—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering
    • E02B17/0818—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering with racks actuated by pinions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/021—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto with relative movement between supporting construction and platform
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/006—Platforms with supporting legs with lattice style supporting legs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
    • E02B2017/0082—Spudcans, skirts or extended feet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to self-elevating oil rigs for drilling and exploitation at sea and relates more particularly to an overloading device of this type of platforms.
  • Platforms of this type generally have legs resting on the seabed and a hull mounted movable and adjustable in height along the legs.
  • the whole platform is brought into flotation to the drilling or exploitation site, and the legs are lowered until contact with the seabed, then, taking support on the legs, the hull is hoisted to the - above sea level, up to an altitude which puts it out of the reach of the highest waves.
  • the hull is therefore movable along the legs of the platform by means of lifting mechanisms housed in a support structure well known to specialists under the name of "Jack-house".
  • These lifting mechanisms comprise output pinions which cooperate with racks mounted on at least part of the length of the legs.
  • These pinions are motorized by a plurality of motors associated with reducers whose reduction ratio is very high.
  • each leg is provided at its lower part with a foot, for example of hexagonal shape, which comes to rest on the seabed.
  • the hull of the platform is provided, in addition to the operating equipment and living quarters, with capacities integrated into said hull and which can be filled with sea water at the time of fitting the legs on the seabed. We thus manage to create an overload which is transmitted to the legs via the lifting mechanisms.
  • the invention therefore aims to create a device for overheating a platform making it possible to comply with safety standards and which, while being of simple construction, avoids applying this overload directly to the lifting mechanisms of the platform.
  • a device for overloading a self-elevating oil platform comprising a shell mounted movable on legs by means of lifting mechanisms housed in a support structure and comprising a plurality of output pinions cooperating with racks mounted on at least part of the length of the legs, said shell being provided with means for applying an overload to said legs via the lifting mechanisms, characterized in that it comprises at least one additional load that can be locked momentarily and directly on each leg of the platform when said legs are laid on the seabed , said additional charge being formed by removable tanks and comprising means for automatic hooking and unlocking on the legs of the platform.
  • the subject of the invention is also a self-elevating platform for drilling at sea comprising a hull mounted movable on legs intended to bear on the seabed, characterized in that each leg is provided with an overloading device of the type defined above.
  • a self-elevating oil platform comprising a hull 1 movable mounted on vertical legs 2 and intended to bear on the seabed 3 when the platform is in the drilling or operating position.
  • Each of the vertical legs in this case has a triangular section, and it consists of three uprights 2a, connected together by a trellis 2b of metal beams.
  • the vertical legs 2 can also have a square or circular section.
  • Each leg 2 ends at its lower part with a foot 4, which in this case is hexagonal in shape.
  • the platform is also equipped, at each leg 2, with lifting mechanisms 5 for the shell 1 relative to said legs.
  • These lifting mechanisms 5 make it possible to lower the legs 2 until they come into contact with the seabed 3, then, taking support on the legs, to hoist the hull 1 above the sea, to an altitude which puts it out of range of the highest waves.
  • the uprights 2a of the legs 2 are provided with diametrically opposite racks 6 arranged on a part of the length of the legs 2 and with which are intended to cooperate output pinions 7 of the lifting mechanisms 5.
  • racks 6 arranged on a part of the length of the legs 2 and with which are intended to cooperate output pinions 7 of the lifting mechanisms 5.
  • the lifting mechanisms 5 are housed in a support structure 9 integral with the shell 1.
  • the hull 1 is provided, in addition to the usual operating equipment and living quarters, with capacities 10 (FIG. 1) integrated in the said hull and which can be filled with seawater by appropriate means, not shown, when the legs 2 are placed on the seabed 3. This creates an overload which is transmitted legs 2 by lifting mechanisms 5.
  • capacities 10 FIG. 1
  • This overload is to obtain a stable anchoring of the feet 4, in particular on sites where said legs feet tend to sink due to the instability of certain layers of the basement.
  • the platform is provided, in addition to the integrated capacities 10, with additional loads that can be locked momentarily and directly on each leg 2 of the platform at the time of placing said legs on the seabed 3.
  • the additional loads are constituted by at least one removable tank 11 and supported by each carrying structure 9 of the lifting mechanisms 5 of each leg 2.
  • each tank 11 is divided into several independent enclosures 11a, 11b and 11c and lockable together by suitable means, not shown.
  • each tank 11 can be installed directly by the side of the corresponding leg 2 which avoids having to introduce it through the top of said leg.
  • Each enclosure 11a, 11b and 11c is each provided with filling means 12 constituted for example by a supply valve and draining means 13 constituted for example by a discharge valve.
  • the filling means 12 are connected by an extendable pipe 14 to a pump, not shown, for example supplying seawater.
  • the speakers 11a, 11b and 11c are based on each support structure 9 by means of studs 15 of elastic material.
  • each enclosure 11a, 11b and 11c is provided with means 16 (FIG. 3) for automatic attachment to the legs 2 of the platform and in particular to the racks 6.
  • the means 16 are also automatically unlockable, for example when the force exerted on the pads 15 by the support structure 9 and detected by at least one sensor integrated into one of said pads, exceeds a predetermined threshold.
  • hooking means 16 are formed for example by counter-racks associated with locking and unlocking members again by ratchet wheels.
  • the reservoirs 11 may be constituted by rigid enclosures or by enclosures made of flexible material placed for example in cradle-shaped frames.
  • the reservoirs 11 can be monobloc and in this case comprise a part forming a door allowing mounting directly from the side of the legs.
  • the platform is brought into floatation as far as the drilling or exploitation site (Fig. 4a) and the legs 2 are lowered until contact with the seabed 3.
  • the hull 1 By resting on the legs 2, the hull 1 is hoisted by means of the lifting mechanisms 5 cooperating with the racks 6, up to an altitude which puts it out of reach of the highest waves at the time of installation (Fig. 4b).
  • the hull 1 is lowered to the previous level which puts it out of reach of the highest waves at the time of installation, the tanks 11 being locked on the legs 2 at a higher altitude (Fig. 4d).
  • the capacities 10 integrated into the hull 1 are filled with seawater by appropriate means.
  • the tanks 11 are also filled with sea water by means of the filling means 12 and the pipes 14.
  • the filling of these tanks 11 results in the application of an overload additional on each leg 2 thus allowing the foot 4 to anchor more deeply and more stably in the seabed 3.
  • the tanks 11 are emptied by the draining means 13, as well as the integrated capacities 10, and the shell 1 is again raised by means of the lifting mechanisms 5 so that the tanks 11 rest again on the supporting structure 9, after unlocking of said tanks 11 relative to the legs 2 (Fig. 4e).
  • the hull 1 is then raised to its position which puts it out of the reach of the highest waves that can occur during operation on the site. (Fig. 4f).
  • the reservoirs forming the additional charge consist of flexible pockets 20 of elongated shape, disposed directly inside the trellis 2b of each leg.
  • Each pocket 20 has at its upper part means 21 for automatic clamping on the metal beams of the trellis 2b of the legs 2.
  • Each pocket 20 can be placed in each leg 2 (Fig. 6).
  • Each pocket 20 is also provided with means for filling, not shown, with sea water.
  • pockets 20 can be superimposed one above the other and linked together by suspension members 22 (Fig. 7).
  • the superimposed pockets 20 communicate with each other to successively fill each pocket 20.
  • This arrangement therefore also makes it possible to apply, when the legs 2 are laid on the seabed 3, an additional overload on each of these legs.
  • the device according to the invention while being simple in construction and easy to apply, therefore allows the desired overload to be applied to the legs of the platform in order to be able to comply with safety and security standards. '' avoid doing pass this overload through the lifting mechanisms of the platform.
  • this overload is easily adjustable according to security standards.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
  • Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
  • Chairs Characterized By Structure (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Device for preloading a jack-up oil platform comprising a hull (1) mounted in a displaceable manner on legs (2) by means of lifting mechanisms housed in a carrying structure (9) and comprising a plurality of output pinions cooperating with racks mounted over at least a part of the length of the legs (2), the said hull (1) being provided with means for applying a preload to the said leg by the intermediary of lifting mechanisms, characterised in that it comprises at least one additional load (11) which can be momentarily and directly locked to each leg (2) of the platform at the moment of the positioning of the said legs on the sea bed. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention est relative aux plates-formes auto-élévatrices pétrolières de forage et d'exploitation en mer et se rapporte plus particulièrement à un dispositif de surchage de ce type de plates-formes.The present invention relates to self-elevating oil rigs for drilling and exploitation at sea and relates more particularly to an overloading device of this type of platforms.

Les plates-formes de ce type comportent généralement des jambes prenant appui sur le fond marin et une coque montée déplaçable et réglable en hauteur le long des jambes.Platforms of this type generally have legs resting on the seabed and a hull mounted movable and adjustable in height along the legs.

L'ensemble de la plate-forme est amené en flottaison jusqu'au site de forage ou d'exploitation, et les jambes sont descendues jusqu'au contact du fond marin, puis, en prenant appui sur les jambes, la coque est hissée au-dessus du niveau de la mer, jusqu'à une altitude qui la met hors de la portée des plus hautes vagues.The whole platform is brought into flotation to the drilling or exploitation site, and the legs are lowered until contact with the seabed, then, taking support on the legs, the hull is hoisted to the - above sea level, up to an altitude which puts it out of the reach of the highest waves.

La coque est donc déplaçable le long des jambes de la plate-forme au moyen de mécanismes de levage logés dans une structure porteuse bien connue des spécialistes sous le nom de "Jack-house". Ces mécanismes de levage comportent des pignons de sortie qui coopèrent avec des crémaillères montées sur une partie au moins de la longueur des jambes. Ces pignons sont motorisés par une pluralité de moteurs associés à des réducteurs dont le rapport de réduction est très élevé.The hull is therefore movable along the legs of the platform by means of lifting mechanisms housed in a support structure well known to specialists under the name of "Jack-house". These lifting mechanisms comprise output pinions which cooperate with racks mounted on at least part of the length of the legs. These pinions are motorized by a plurality of motors associated with reducers whose reduction ratio is very high.

D'autre part, chaque jambe est munie à sa partie inférieure d'un pied, par exemple de forme hexagonale, qui vient s'appuyer sur le fond marin.On the other hand, each leg is provided at its lower part with a foot, for example of hexagonal shape, which comes to rest on the seabed.

Au moment de la pose des jambes de la plate-forme sur le fond marin, les normes de sécurité imposent aux opérateurs d'appliquer sur lesdites jambes une surcharge qui peut atteindre 1,25 fois la charge de la plate-forme. Cette surcharge a pour but d'obtenir un ancrage stable des pieds notamment sur des sites où lesdits pieds des jambes ont tendance à s'enfoncer du fait de l'instabilité de certaines couches du sous-sol.When laying the legs of the platform on the seabed, safety standards require operators to apply an overload on said legs which can reach 1.25 times the load on the platform. The purpose of this overload is to obtain a stable anchoring of the feet in particular on sites where said legs feet tend to sink due to the instability of certain layers of the basement.

A cet effet, la coque de la plate-forme est pourvue, en plus des équipements d'exploitation et des locaux d'habitation, de capacités intégrées à ladite coque et qui peuvent être remplies d'eau de mer au moment de la pose des jambes sur le fond marin. On arrive ainsi à créer une surcharge qui est transmise aux jambes par l'intermédiaire des mécanismes de levage.For this purpose, the hull of the platform is provided, in addition to the operating equipment and living quarters, with capacities integrated into said hull and which can be filled with sea water at the time of fitting the legs on the seabed. We thus manage to create an overload which is transmitted to the legs via the lifting mechanisms.

Mais, les normes de sécurité deviennent de plus en plus sévères, et par conséquent la surcharge à appliquer aux jambes de plus en plus importante.But, safety standards are becoming more and more stringent, and consequently the overload to apply to the legs more and more important.

Une solution consisterait à augmenter le nombre des capacités dans la coque de la plate-forme.One solution would be to increase the number of capacities in the hull of the platform.

Or, les emplacements disponibles dans la coque étant réduits, il serait nécessaire d'augmenter les dimensions de ladite coque. Cela se traduirait donc par un accroissement du poids et par des efforts de trainées plus importants au remorquage.However, the locations available in the hull being reduced, it would be necessary to increase the dimensions of said hull. This would therefore result in an increase in weight and greater drag forces when towing.

De plus, cette disposition imposerait aux mécanismes de levage et notamment aux pignons de sortie une charge importante qui entrainerait un surdimensionnement de ceux-ci.In addition, this provision would impose on the lifting mechanisms and in particular on the output pinions a significant load which would cause them to be oversized.

L'invention vise donc à créer un dispositif de surchage d'une plate-forme permettant de respecter les normes de sécurité et qui, tout en étant d'une construction simple, évite d'appliquer cette surcharge directement sur les mécanismes de levage de la plate-forme.The invention therefore aims to create a device for overheating a platform making it possible to comply with safety standards and which, while being of simple construction, avoids applying this overload directly to the lifting mechanisms of the platform.

Elle a donc pour objet un dispositif de surcharge d'une plate-forme pétrolière auto-élévatrice comprenant une coque montée déplaçable sur des jambes au moyen de mécanismes de levage logés dans une structure porteuse et comportant une pluralité de pignons de sortie coopérant avec des crémaillères montées sur une partie au moins de la longueur des jambes, ladite coque étant pourvue de moyens pour appliquer une surcharge sur lesdites jambes par l'intermédiaire des mécanismes de levage, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins une charge additionnelle verrouillable momentanément et directement sur chaque jambe de la plate-forme au moment de la pose desdites jambes sur le fond marin, ladite charge additionnelle étant formée par des réservoirs amovibles et comportant des moyens d'accrochage et de déverrouillage automatiques sur les jambes de la plate-forme.It therefore relates to a device for overloading a self-elevating oil platform comprising a shell mounted movable on legs by means of lifting mechanisms housed in a support structure and comprising a plurality of output pinions cooperating with racks mounted on at least part of the length of the legs, said shell being provided with means for applying an overload to said legs via the lifting mechanisms, characterized in that it comprises at least one additional load that can be locked momentarily and directly on each leg of the platform when said legs are laid on the seabed , said additional charge being formed by removable tanks and comprising means for automatic hooking and unlocking on the legs of the platform.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • les réservoirs sont supportés par la structure porteuse des mécanismes de levage,
  • les réservoirs sont formés par au moins une enceinte rigide,
  • des plots en matériau élastique sont disposés entre lesdits réservoirs et la structure porteuse des mécanismes de levage,
  • les réservoirs sont formés par au moins une poche souple de forme allongée et disposée à l'intérieur de chaque jambe de la plate-forme,
  • plusieurs poches souples sont disposées et reliées d'une part entre elles et d'autre part aux moyens d'accrochage sur les jambes de la plate-forme,
  • les poches souples superposées communiquent entre elles.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the tanks are supported by the supporting structure of the lifting mechanisms,
  • the tanks are formed by at least one rigid enclosure,
  • studs of elastic material are placed between said tanks and the support structure of the lifting mechanisms,
  • the reservoirs are formed by at least one flexible pocket of elongated shape and disposed inside each leg of the platform,
  • several flexible pockets are arranged and connected on the one hand to one another and on the other hand to the hooking means on the legs of the platform,
  • the superimposed flexible pockets communicate with each other.

L'invention a également pour objet une plate-forme auto-élévatrice pour forage en mer comprenant une coque montée déplaçable sur des jambes destinées à prendre appui sur le fond marin, caractérisée en ce que chaque jambe est pourvue d'un dispositif de surchage du type défini ci-dessus.The subject of the invention is also a self-elevating platform for drilling at sea comprising a hull mounted movable on legs intended to bear on the seabed, characterized in that each leg is provided with an overloading device of the type defined above.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la Fig. 1 est une vue schématique en élévation d'une plate- forme pétrolière auto-élévatrice munie du dispositif de surcharge selon l'invention,
  • la Fig. 2 est une vue schématique à plus grande échelle et partiellement écorchée de l'une des jambes de la plate-forme montrant une partie des mécanismes de levage et le dispositif de surcharge selon l'invention,
  • la Fig. 3 est une vue de dessus de la Fig. 2,
  • les Figs 4a à 4f sont des vues schématiques en élévation montrant les phases de mise en place de la plate-forme pétrolière,
  • la Fig. 5 est une vue schématique en élévation d'une plate-forme pétrolière auto-élévatrice munie du dispositif de surchage selon un autre mode de réalisation,
  • la Fig. 6 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne 6-6 de la Fig. 5,
  • la Fig. 7 est une vue à plus grande échelle des réservoirs utilisés dans le dispositif selon les Figs. 5 et 6.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic elevation view of a self-elevating oil platform provided with the overload device according to the invention,
  • Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view on a larger scale and partially broken away of one of the legs of the platform showing part of the lifting mechanisms and the overload device according to the invention,
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2,
  • FIGS. 4a to 4f are schematic elevation views showing the phases of setting up the oil platform,
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic elevation view of a self-elevating oil platform provided with the overloading device according to another embodiment,
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view along line 6-6 of FIG. 5,
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the tanks used in the device according to FIGS. 5 and 6.

Sur la Fig. 1, on a représenté schématiquement une plate-forme pétrolière auto-élévatrice comprenant une coque 1 montée déplaçable sur des jambes verticales 2 et destinée à prendre appui sur le fond marin 3 lorsque la plate-forme est en position de forage ou d'exploitation.In Fig. 1, there is schematically shown a self-elevating oil platform comprising a hull 1 movable mounted on vertical legs 2 and intended to bear on the seabed 3 when the platform is in the drilling or operating position.

Chacune des jambes verticales présente dans le cas présent une section triangulaire, et elle est constituée de trois montants 2a, reliés entre eux par un treillis 2b de poutrelles métalliques.Each of the vertical legs in this case has a triangular section, and it consists of three uprights 2a, connected together by a trellis 2b of metal beams.

Les jambes verticales 2 peuvent également présenter une section carrée ou circulaire.The vertical legs 2 can also have a square or circular section.

Chaque jambe 2 se termine à sa partie inférieure par un pied 4, qui dans le cas présent, est de forme hexagonale.Each leg 2 ends at its lower part with a foot 4, which in this case is hexagonal in shape.

La plate-forme est par ailleurs équipée, au niveau de chaque jambe 2, de mécanismes de levage 5 de la coque 1 par rapport auxdites jambes. Ces mécanismes de levage 5 permettent de descendre les jambes 2 jusqu'au contact du fond marin 3, puis en prenant appui sur les jambes, de hisser la coque 1 au-dessus de la mer, jusqu'à une altitude qui la met hors de portée des plus hautes vagues.The platform is also equipped, at each leg 2, with lifting mechanisms 5 for the shell 1 relative to said legs. These lifting mechanisms 5 make it possible to lower the legs 2 until they come into contact with the seabed 3, then, taking support on the legs, to hoist the hull 1 above the sea, to an altitude which puts it out of range of the highest waves.

A cet effet, et comme représenté sur la Fig. 2, les montants 2a des jambes 2 sont pourvus de crémaillères 6 diamétralement opposées disposées sur une partie de longueur des jambes 2 et avec lesquelles sont destinées à coopérer des pignons de sortie 7 des mécanismes de levage 5. On peut prévoir, par exemple six pignons de sortie 7 pour chaque montant 2a, équipés chacun d'un moteur d'entrainement 8.To this end, and as shown in FIG. 2, the uprights 2a of the legs 2 are provided with diametrically opposite racks 6 arranged on a part of the length of the legs 2 and with which are intended to cooperate output pinions 7 of the lifting mechanisms 5. One can provide, for example six pinions outlet 7 for each upright 2a, each equipped with a drive motor 8.

Les mécanismes de levage 5 sont logés dans une structure porteuse 9 solidaire de la coque 1.The lifting mechanisms 5 are housed in a support structure 9 integral with the shell 1.

Par ailleurs, la coque 1 est pourvue en plus des équipements d'exploitation et des locaux d'habitation habituels, de capacités 10 (Fig. 1) intégrées dans ladite coque et qui peuvent être remplies d'eau de mer par des moyens appropriés, non représentés, au moment de la pose des jambes 2 sur le fond marin 3. On arrive ainsi à créer une surcharge qui est transmise aux jambes 2 par les mécanismes de levage 5.Furthermore, the hull 1 is provided, in addition to the usual operating equipment and living quarters, with capacities 10 (FIG. 1) integrated in the said hull and which can be filled with seawater by appropriate means, not shown, when the legs 2 are placed on the seabed 3. This creates an overload which is transmitted legs 2 by lifting mechanisms 5.

Cette surcharge a pour but d'obtenir un ancrage stable des pieds 4 notamment sur des sites où lesdits pieds des jambes ont tendance à s'enfoncer du fait de l'instabilité de certaines couches du sous-sol.The purpose of this overload is to obtain a stable anchoring of the feet 4, in particular on sites where said legs feet tend to sink due to the instability of certain layers of the basement.

Dans le but d'augmenter la surcharge appliquée sur les jambes afin de respecter les normes de sécurité, la plate-forme est pourvue, en plus des capacités intégrées 10, de charges additionnelles verrouillables momentanément et directement sur chaque jambe 2 de la plate-forme au moment de la pose desdites jambes sur le fond marin 3.In order to increase the overload applied to the legs in order to comply with safety standards, the platform is provided, in addition to the integrated capacities 10, with additional loads that can be locked momentarily and directly on each leg 2 of the platform at the time of placing said legs on the seabed 3.

Comme représenté aux Figs 1 à 3, les charges additionnelles sont constituées par au moins un réservoir 11 amovible et supporté par chaque structure porteuse 9 des mécanismes de levage 5 de chaque jambe 2.As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the additional loads are constituted by at least one removable tank 11 and supported by each carrying structure 9 of the lifting mechanisms 5 of each leg 2.

De préférence, chaque réservoir 11 est divisé en plusieurs enceintes indépendantes 11a, 11b et 11c et verrouillables entre elles par des moyens appropriés non représentés. Ainsi, chaque réservoir 11 peut être installé directement par le côté de la jambe 2 correspondante ce qui évite de devoir l'introduire par le sommet de ladite jambe.Preferably, each tank 11 is divided into several independent enclosures 11a, 11b and 11c and lockable together by suitable means, not shown. Thus, each tank 11 can be installed directly by the side of the corresponding leg 2 which avoids having to introduce it through the top of said leg.

Chaque enceinte 11a, 11b et 11c est munie chacune de moyens de remplissage 12 constitués par exemple par une vanne d'alimentation et de moyens de vidange 13 constitués par exemple par une vanne de décharge.Each enclosure 11a, 11b and 11c is each provided with filling means 12 constituted for example by a supply valve and draining means 13 constituted for example by a discharge valve.

Les moyens de remplissage 12 sont reliés par une conduite extensible 14 à une pompe, non réprésentée, d'alimentation par exemple en eau de mer.The filling means 12 are connected by an extendable pipe 14 to a pump, not shown, for example supplying seawater.

Les enceintes 11a, 11b et 11c reposent sur chaque structure porteuse 9 au moyen de plots 15 en matériau élastique.The speakers 11a, 11b and 11c are based on each support structure 9 by means of studs 15 of elastic material.

De plus, chaque enceinte 11a, 11b et 11c est munie de moyens 16 (Fig. 3) d'accrochage automatiques sur les jambes 2 de la plate-forme et notamment sur les crémaillères 6.In addition, each enclosure 11a, 11b and 11c is provided with means 16 (FIG. 3) for automatic attachment to the legs 2 of the platform and in particular to the racks 6.

Par ailleurs, les moyens 16 sont également déverrouillables automatiquement par exemple lorsque la force exercée sur les plots 15 par la structure porteuse 9 et détectée par au moins un capteur intégré à l'un desdits plots, dépasse un seuil prédéterminé.Furthermore, the means 16 are also automatically unlockable, for example when the force exerted on the pads 15 by the support structure 9 and detected by at least one sensor integrated into one of said pads, exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Ces moyens 16 d'accrochage sont formés par exemple par des contre-crémaillères associées à des organes de blocage et de déverrouillage en encore par des roues à rochet.These hooking means 16 are formed for example by counter-racks associated with locking and unlocking members again by ratchet wheels.

Les réservoirs 11 peuvent être constitués par des enceintes rigides ou par des enceintes en matériau souple placées par exemple dans des cadres en forme de berceaux.The reservoirs 11 may be constituted by rigid enclosures or by enclosures made of flexible material placed for example in cradle-shaped frames.

Selon encore une variante, les réservoirs 11 peuvent être monoblocs et comporter dans ce cas une partie formant porte permettant un montage directement par le côté des jambes.According to yet another variant, the reservoirs 11 can be monobloc and in this case comprise a part forming a door allowing mounting directly from the side of the legs.

On va maintenant décrire en se reportant aux Figs. 4a à 4f, la mise en place de la plate-forme sur le site de forage ou d'exploitation.We will now describe with reference to Figs. 4a to 4f, the establishment of the platform on the drilling or operating site.

La plate-forme est amenée en flottaison jusqu'au site de forage ou d'exploitation (Fig. 4a) et les jambes 2 sont descendues jusqu'au contact du fond marin 3.The platform is brought into floatation as far as the drilling or exploitation site (Fig. 4a) and the legs 2 are lowered until contact with the seabed 3.

En prenant appui sur les jambes 2, la coque 1 est hissée par l'intermédiaire des mécanismes de levage 5 coopérant avec les crémaillères 6, jusqu'à une altitude qui la met hors de portée des plus hautes vagues au moment de l'installation (Fig. 4b).By resting on the legs 2, the hull 1 is hoisted by means of the lifting mechanisms 5 cooperating with the racks 6, up to an altitude which puts it out of reach of the highest waves at the time of installation (Fig. 4b).

Ensuite, la coque 1, toujours par l'intermédiaire des mécanismes de levage 5, est surélevée par rapport au niveau de la mer (Fig. 4c), et les réservoirs 11 sont verrouillés sur les jambes 2 par l'intermédiaire des moyens 16 d'accrochage automatiques.Then, the hull 1, still by means of the lifting mechanisms 5, is raised above the sea level (Fig. 4c), and the tanks 11 are locked on the legs 2 by means of the means 16 d '' automatic hooking.

La coque 1 est redescendue jusqu'au niveau précédent qui le met hors de portée des plus hautes vagues au moment de l'installation, les réservoirs 11 étant verrouillés sur les jambes 2 à une altitude supérieure (Fig. 4d).The hull 1 is lowered to the previous level which puts it out of reach of the highest waves at the time of installation, the tanks 11 being locked on the legs 2 at a higher altitude (Fig. 4d).

A la suite de ces différentes opérations, les capacités 10 intégrées à la coque 1 sont remplies en eau de mer par des moyens appropriés.Following these various operations, the capacities 10 integrated into the hull 1 are filled with seawater by appropriate means.

Cela se traduit par l'application d'une première surcharge sur les jambes 2, si bien que les pieds 4 s'enfoncent plus ou moins dans le fond marin selon la composition de ce fond marin.This results in the application of a first overload on the legs 2, so that the feet 4 sink more or less into the seabed according to the composition of this seabed.

Simultanément ou successivement au remplissage des capacités 10, les réservoirs 11 sont également remplis d'eau de mer par l'intermédiaire des moyens 12 de remplissage et des conduites 14. Le remplissage de ces réservoirs 11 se traduit par l'application d'une surcharge supplémentaire sur chaque jambe 2 permettant ainsi au pied 4 de s'ancrer plus profondément et de manière plus stable dans le fond marin 3.Simultaneously or successively with the filling of the capacities 10, the tanks 11 are also filled with sea water by means of the filling means 12 and the pipes 14. The filling of these tanks 11 results in the application of an overload additional on each leg 2 thus allowing the foot 4 to anchor more deeply and more stably in the seabed 3.

Ensuite, les réservoirs 11 sont vidés par les moyens 13 de vidange, ainsi que les capacités intégrées 10, et la coque 1 est de nouveau surélevée par l'intermédiaire des mécanismes de levage 5 de telle manière que les réservoirs 11 reposent de nouveau sur la structure porteuse 9, après déverrouillage desdits réservoirs 11 par rapport aux jambes 2 (Fig. 4e).Then, the tanks 11 are emptied by the draining means 13, as well as the integrated capacities 10, and the shell 1 is again raised by means of the lifting mechanisms 5 so that the tanks 11 rest again on the supporting structure 9, after unlocking of said tanks 11 relative to the legs 2 (Fig. 4e).

La coque 1 est ensuite surélevée jusqu'à sa position qui la met hors de portée des plus hautes vagues pouvant intervenir au cours de l'exploitation sur le site. (Fig. 4f).The hull 1 is then raised to its position which puts it out of the reach of the highest waves that can occur during operation on the site. (Fig. 4f).

Selon un autre mode de réalisation représenté aux Figs. 5 à 7, les réservoirs formant la charge additionnelle sont constitués par des poches souples 20 de forme allongée, disposées directement à l'intérieur des treillis 2b de chaque jambe.According to another embodiment shown in Figs. 5 to 7, the reservoirs forming the additional charge consist of flexible pockets 20 of elongated shape, disposed directly inside the trellis 2b of each leg.

Chaque poche 20 comporte à sa partie supérieure des moyens 21 de clampage automatique sur les poutrelles métalliques des treillis 2b des jambes 2.Each pocket 20 has at its upper part means 21 for automatic clamping on the metal beams of the trellis 2b of the legs 2.

Ainsi, quatre poches 20 peuvent être placées dans chaque jambe 2 (Fig. 6). Chaque poche 20 est également pourvue de moyens de remplissage, non représentés, en eau de mer.Thus, four pockets 20 can be placed in each leg 2 (Fig. 6). Each pocket 20 is also provided with means for filling, not shown, with sea water.

D'autre part, plusieurs poches 20 peuvent être superposées les unes au-dessus des autres et reliées entre elles par des organes de suspension 22 (Fig. 7). Les poches superposées 20 communiquent entre elles pour assurer successivement le remplissage de chaque poche 20.On the other hand, several pockets 20 can be superimposed one above the other and linked together by suspension members 22 (Fig. 7). The superimposed pockets 20 communicate with each other to successively fill each pocket 20.

Cette disposition permet donc également d'appliquer, au moment de la pose des jambes 2 sur le fond marin 3, une surcharge supplémentaire sur chacune de ces jambes.This arrangement therefore also makes it possible to apply, when the legs 2 are laid on the seabed 3, an additional overload on each of these legs.

Le dispositif selon l'invention, tout en étant d'une construction simple et d'une mise en oeuvre aisée, permet donc d'appliquer sur les jambes de la plate-forme la surcharge désirée afin de pouvoir respecter les normes de sécurité et d'éviter de faire transiter cette surcharge par les mécanismes de levage de la plate-forme.The device according to the invention, while being simple in construction and easy to apply, therefore allows the desired overload to be applied to the legs of the platform in order to be able to comply with safety and security standards. '' avoid doing pass this overload through the lifting mechanisms of the platform.

De plus, grâce au dispositif selon l'invention, cette surcharge est facilement modulable en fonction des normes de sécurité.In addition, thanks to the device according to the invention, this overload is easily adjustable according to security standards.

Claims (8)

Dispositif de surcharge d'une plate-forme pétrolière auto-élévatrice comprenant une coque (1) montée déplaçable sur les jambes (2) au moyen de mécanismes de levage (5) logés dans une structure porteuse (9) et comportant une pluralité de pignons de sortie (7) coopérant avec des crémaillères (6) montées sur une partie au moins de la longueur des jambes (2), ladite coque (1) étant pourvue de moyens pour appliquer une surcharge sur lesdites jambes (2) par l'intermédiaire des mécanismes de levage (5), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins une charge (11-20) additionnelle verrouillable momentanément et directement sur chaque jambe (2) de la plate-forme au moment de la pose desdites jambes sur le fond marin, ladite charge additionnelle étant formée par des réservoirs (11-20) amovibles et comportant des moyens (16-21) d'accrochage et de déverrouillage automatiques sur les jambes (2) de la plate-forme.Device for overloading a self-lifting oil platform comprising a hull (1) mounted movable on the legs (2) by means of lifting mechanisms (5) housed in a support structure (9) and comprising a plurality of pinions outlet (7) cooperating with racks (6) mounted on at least part of the length of the legs (2), said shell (1) being provided with means for applying an overload on said legs (2) via lifting mechanisms (5), characterized in that it comprises at least one additional load (11-20) lockable momentarily and directly on each leg (2) of the platform when said legs are placed on the bottom marine, said additional load being formed by removable reservoirs (11-20) and comprising means (16-21) for automatic hooking and unlocking on the legs (2) of the platform. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les réservoirs (11) sont supportés par la structure porteuse (9) des mécanismes de levage (5).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tanks (11) are supported by the support structure (9) of the lifting mechanisms (5). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les réservoirs (11) sont formés par au moins une enceinte rigide (11a, 11b, 11c).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservoirs (11) are formed by at least one rigid enclosure (11a, 11b, 11c). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que des plots (15) en matériau élastique sont disposés entre lesdits réservoirs (11) et ladite structure porteuse (9) des mécanismes de levage (5).Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that studs (15) of elastic material are disposed between said reservoirs (11) and said support structure (9) of the lifting mechanisms (5). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les réservoirs sont formés par au moins une poche souple (20) de forme allongée et disposée à l'intérieur de chaque jambe (2) de la plate-forme.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservoirs are formed by at least one flexible pocket (20) of elongated shape and arranged inside each leg (2) of the platform. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs poches souples (20) sont superposées et reliées d'une part entre elles et d'autre part aux moyens d'accrochage (21) sur les jambes (2) de la plate forme.Device according to claim 5, characterized in that several flexible pockets (20) are superimposed and connected on the one hand to one another and on the other hand to the hooking means (21) on the legs (2) of the platform. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les poches souples (20) superposées communiquent entre elles.Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the superimposed flexible pockets (20) communicate with each other. Plate-forme auto-élévatrice comprenant une coque (1) montée déplaçable sur des jambes (2) destinée à prendre appui sur le fond marin, caractérisée en ce que chaque jambe (2) est pourvue d'un dispositif de surcharge selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Self-elevating platform comprising a hull (1) movably mounted on legs (2) intended to bear on the seabed, characterized in that each leg (2) is provided with an overload device according to one any of the preceding claims.
EP91400187A 1990-02-08 1991-01-28 Jack-up oil platform Expired - Lifetime EP0441673B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9001475 1990-02-08
FR9001475A FR2657904B1 (en) 1990-02-08 1990-02-08 DEVICE FOR OVERLOADING A SELF-LIFTING OIL PLATFORM AND PLATFORM INCLUDING APPLICATION.

Publications (2)

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EP0441673A1 true EP0441673A1 (en) 1991-08-14
EP0441673B1 EP0441673B1 (en) 1995-02-15

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US (1) US5224798A (en)
EP (1) EP0441673B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE118579T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69107313D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0441673T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2071243T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2657904B1 (en)
NO (1) NO910450L (en)

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US7258510B2 (en) * 2001-03-29 2007-08-21 Masasuke Kawasaki Systems and methods useful in stabilizing platforms and vessels having platforms and legs
FR2837461B1 (en) * 2002-03-22 2004-06-18 Technip Coflexip TRANSPORT, INSTALLATION AND DISMANTLING STRUCTURE OF A BRIDGE OF A FIXED OIL PLATFORM AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING SUCH A STRUCTURE
US6705802B2 (en) * 2002-08-16 2004-03-16 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Temporary support for offshore drilling platform
FR2865484B1 (en) * 2004-01-28 2006-05-19 Technip France STRUCTURE FOR TRANSPORTING, INSTALLING AND DISMANTLING THE ELEMENTS OF A FIXED PETROLEUM PLATFORM AND METHODS OF IMPLEMENTING SUCH A STRUCTURE
US20070204520A1 (en) * 2006-03-01 2007-09-06 Calleja Michael J Self-elevating staging with rack-and-pinion posts
KR20100135920A (en) * 2008-05-23 2010-12-27 트랜스오션 오프쇼어 ‹K워터 드릴링 인코포레이티드 Method and apparatus for improving the lateral support provided by the legs of a jack-up drilling rig
US8052174B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2011-11-08 Denso International America, Inc. Pipe joint design
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DE69107313D1 (en) 1995-03-23
NO910450D0 (en) 1991-02-06
NO910450L (en) 1991-08-09
FR2657904B1 (en) 1992-12-31
DK0441673T3 (en) 1995-07-24
US5224798A (en) 1993-07-06
EP0441673B1 (en) 1995-02-15
ATE118579T1 (en) 1995-03-15
FR2657904A1 (en) 1991-08-09
ES2071243T3 (en) 1995-06-16

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