EP0440521A1 - Soft bearing to support a rudder stock - Google Patents

Soft bearing to support a rudder stock Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0440521A1
EP0440521A1 EP91400126A EP91400126A EP0440521A1 EP 0440521 A1 EP0440521 A1 EP 0440521A1 EP 91400126 A EP91400126 A EP 91400126A EP 91400126 A EP91400126 A EP 91400126A EP 0440521 A1 EP0440521 A1 EP 0440521A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flexible
bearing
block
rudder
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91400126A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernard Perrin
Eric Perrot
Robert Rigaudeau
Didier Bourniquel
Marcel Guerry
Guy Charrier
André Kobus
Jean-Pierre Pilotto
Patrice Crepaud
Jean-Baptiste Cassard
Yianis Mavrikios
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JEANNEAU - CONSTRUCTIONS NAUTIQUES
Original Assignee
JEANNEAU - CONSTRUCTIONS NAUTIQUES
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by JEANNEAU - CONSTRUCTIONS NAUTIQUES filed Critical JEANNEAU - CONSTRUCTIONS NAUTIQUES
Publication of EP0440521A1 publication Critical patent/EP0440521A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/38—Rudders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/38—Rudders
    • B63H25/382—Rudders movable otherwise than for steering purposes; Changing geometry

Definitions

  • the invention which relates to boat rudders relates more precisely to bearings supporting the rudder bit, which allow the rudder to move in rotation while accepting the bending deformations of this bit under hydrodynamic forces.
  • the rudder bit is supported by the boat via at least two bearings which are plain bearings, or bearings, with needles or with cylindrical rollers allowing rotation of the rudder.
  • the rudder bit Due to the particular hydrodynamic forces which can be exerted transversely on the rudder, particularly during navigation in difficult conditions, the rudder bit can undergo bending deformations which induce in these bearings an embedding force which, combined at a sharp effort, strongly stresses the structure of the boat. These efforts therefore cause premature fatigue of the rudder bit and of the structure of the boat in the vicinity of the bearings. Likewise, the induced deformations cause premature wear of the bit guides frequently requiring their complete replacement.
  • a conventional solution aimed at overcoming these drawbacks consists in designing wicks and their support, as well as a boat structure, very solid, heavy and expensive to avoid untimely ruptures during navigation. We therefore prefer to avoid these solutions by adopting spherical spherical plain bearings or spherical ball or roller bearings in the shape of barrels. But the disadvantage of these materials is that they are very expensive, require rigorous maintenance to maintain proper operation, and are fragile anyway, given the marine environment.
  • An object of the present invention therefore relates to a flexible bearing for supporting the bit of a rudder, allowing the rudder to move in rotation, which consists of a smooth bearing in the form of a sleeve encased in a block of flexible material , itself fitted into a housing of the boat, to absorb the flexural deformations of the wick without transmitting them to the structure, the sleeve forming the plain bearing advantageously being made of a material chosen to minimize the friction in rotation of the wick.
  • the flexible block has the shape of a crown fitted on the plain bearing, the upper face and the lower face of which is provided with a central annular groove favoring a certain crushing of the upper and lower edges. of the crown.
  • the internal profile of the housing receiving the flexible block is of conical shape or of prismatic shape with inclined slope in order to favor the blocking of said block.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a rudder rudder 1 and its drill bit 5 passing through its frame and serving to hold it to the structure 2 of the boat and to ensure its rotation.
  • Two bearings A and B are provided for this purpose, the lower bearing A being anchored near the bottom 7 of the boat and the upper bearing B a little higher.
  • FIG. 1 shows how a transverse hydrodynamic force F can be exerted during navigation, the results of which at the level of the bearings, are materialized by the arrows F A and F B , obviously in the opposite direction.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the mounting of a flexible bearing in a housing 3 provided on the bottom 7 of the boat hull.
  • the wick 5 supporting the rudder 1 is engaged in a smooth bearing 6 in the form of a sleeve made of material chosen to minimize the friction in rotation of the wick.
  • This bearing 6 is itself encased in a block of flexible material 4 having a degree of flexibility sufficient to allow a certain bending of the wick.
  • the block 4 has the shape of a crown which is fitted onto the plain bearing, the upper face and the lower face of which is provided with a central annular groove 8, favoring a certain crushing of the upper and lower edges of the crown. .
  • the internal profile 9 of the housing 3 is conical or prismatic in shape with an inclined slope so that the flexible block 4 can be forced and easily locked and locked, so that its positioning is correct, and that its possible disassembly is also easy.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flexible bearing according to Figure 3 which is deformed relative to the axis AA 'of the drill bit in the normal position.
  • the flexural deformation of the drill bit 5 is indicated by the angle ⁇ between the bent drill bit and the axis AA ′.
  • the settlement t resulting from radial cutting forces exerted on the rudder 1, is materialized by a lateral deviation of the drill bit from its original position.
  • the flexible block 4 deforms accordingly and absorbs both the flexion ⁇ and the settlement t.
  • the hull of the boat therefore no longer requires the reinforcement structure 2 visible in FIG. 2.
  • Another equivalent housing is also provided for the upper bearing, which is also equipped with a smooth bearing and a flexible block.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)

Abstract

The soft bearing consists of a smooth bearing 6 in the form of a sleeve enchased in a block of soft material 4 which is itself nested in a housing 3 of the boat, to absorb deformations in flexion of the stock 5 without transmitting them to the structure. The housing 3 is profiled in order to allow the locking therein of the soft block. Application in pleasure and fishing boats. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention qui se rapporte aux gouvernails de bateaux concerne plus précisément des paliers supportant la mèche de gouvernail, qui permettent au safran de se mouvoir en rotation tout en acceptant les déformations de flexion de cette mèche sous des efforts hydrodynamiques.The invention which relates to boat rudders relates more precisely to bearings supporting the rudder bit, which allow the rudder to move in rotation while accepting the bending deformations of this bit under hydrodynamic forces.

De façon habituelle, la méche d'un gouvernail est supportée par le bateau par l'intermédiaire d'au moins deux paliers qui sont des paliers lisses, ou à billes, ou à aiguilles ou encore à rouleaux cylindriques autorisant la rotation du safran.Usually, the rudder bit is supported by the boat via at least two bearings which are plain bearings, or bearings, with needles or with cylindrical rollers allowing rotation of the rudder.

Du fait des efforts hydrodynamiques particuliers qui peuvent s'exercer transversalement sur le safran notamment au cours d'une navigation dans des conditions difficiles, la mèche du gouvernail peut subir des déformations en flexion qui induisent dans ces paliers un effort d'encastrement qui, combiné à un effort tranchant, sollicite fortement la structure du bateau. Ces efforts provoquent donc une fatigue prématurée de la mèche du gouvernail et de la structure du bateau au voisinage des paliers. De même les déformations induites provoquent des usures prématurées des guidages de la mèche nécessitant fréquemment leur remplacement complet.Due to the particular hydrodynamic forces which can be exerted transversely on the rudder, particularly during navigation in difficult conditions, the rudder bit can undergo bending deformations which induce in these bearings an embedding force which, combined at a sharp effort, strongly stresses the structure of the boat. These efforts therefore cause premature fatigue of the rudder bit and of the structure of the boat in the vicinity of the bearings. Likewise, the induced deformations cause premature wear of the bit guides frequently requiring their complete replacement.

Une solution classique visant à pallier à ces inconvénients consiste à concevoir des mèches et leur support, ainsi qu'une structure de bateau, très solides, lourdes et coûteuses pour éviter des ruptures intempestives en cours de navigation. On préfère donc éviter ces solutions en adoptant des paliers à rotule sphérique ou des roulements sphériques à billes ou à rouleaux en forme de tonneaux. Mais l'inconvénient de ces matériels est qu'ils sont très coûteux, qu'ils nécessitent un entretien rigoureux pour maintenir un fonctionnement correct, et qu'ils sont de toute façon fragiles, compte tenu de l'environnement marin.A conventional solution aimed at overcoming these drawbacks consists in designing wicks and their support, as well as a boat structure, very solid, heavy and expensive to avoid untimely ruptures during navigation. We therefore prefer to avoid these solutions by adopting spherical spherical plain bearings or spherical ball or roller bearings in the shape of barrels. But the disadvantage of these materials is that they are very expensive, require rigorous maintenance to maintain proper operation, and are fragile anyway, given the marine environment.

De plus les changements de palier en cas d'usure ou de casse sont généralement longs et pénibles car ces éléments sont montés en force, voire parfois scellés à demeure.In addition, bearing changes in the event of wear or breakage are generally long and painful because these elements are force-fitted, or sometimes even permanently sealed.

Ces inconvénients ont conduit la demanderesse à imaginer un nouveau système de palier souple qui évite les inconvénients précités notamment en ce qu'il est obtenu à moindre coût aussi bien en fabrication qu'en montage et en maintenance, tout en limitant les contraintes subies par la mèche du gouvernail et d'une façon générale en améliorant ainsi la sécurité du bateau en navigation.These drawbacks have led the applicant to imagine a new flexible bearing system which avoids the aforementioned drawbacks in particular in that it is obtained at lower cost both in manufacturing and in assembly and maintenance, while limiting the stresses undergone by the rudder bit and generally improving the safety of the boat in navigation.

Un objet de la présente invention concerne donc un palier souple pour le support de la mèche d'un gouvernail, autorisant au safran de se mouvoir en rotation, qui est constitué d'un palier lisse en forme de manchon enchassé dans un bloc en matière souple, lui-même emboité dans un logement du bateau, pour absorber les déformations en flexion de la mèche sans les transmettre à la structure, le manchon formant le palier lisse étant avantageusement réalisé en un matériau choisi pour minimiser le frottement en rotation de la mèche.An object of the present invention therefore relates to a flexible bearing for supporting the bit of a rudder, allowing the rudder to move in rotation, which consists of a smooth bearing in the form of a sleeve encased in a block of flexible material , itself fitted into a housing of the boat, to absorb the flexural deformations of the wick without transmitting them to the structure, the sleeve forming the plain bearing advantageously being made of a material chosen to minimize the friction in rotation of the wick.

Selon une caractéristique particulière de l'invention, le bloc souple a la forme d'une couronne emmanchée sur le palier lisse, dont la face supérieure et la face inférieure est pourvue d'une gorge annulaire centrale favorisant un certain écrasement des bords supérieurs et inférieurs de la couronne.According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the flexible block has the shape of a crown fitted on the plain bearing, the upper face and the lower face of which is provided with a central annular groove favoring a certain crushing of the upper and lower edges. of the crown.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le profil intérieur du logement recevant le bloc souple est de forme conique ou de forme prismatique à pente inclinée pour favoriser le blocage dudit bloc.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the internal profile of the housing receiving the flexible block is of conical shape or of prismatic shape with inclined slope in order to favor the blocking of said block.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaitront à la lecture de la description suivante d'une forme de réalisation prise à titre d'exemple, faisant référence aux dessins annexés qui représentent.

  • Figure 1, une vue en perspective d'un safran et de sa mèche ;
  • Figure 2, une vue de profil de la mèche montée à l'arrière d'un bateau ;
  • Figure 3, une vue à plus grande échelle du palier souple en position normale ;
  • et Figure 4, la vue de la figure 3 quand le palier souple est en position déformée.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of an embodiment taken by way of example, referring to the appended drawings which represent.
  • Figure 1, a perspective view of a rudder and its wick;
  • Figure 2, a side view of the wick mounted on the back of a boat;
  • Figure 3, an enlarged view of the flexible bearing in the normal position;
  • and Figure 4, the view of Figure 3 when the flexible bearing is in the deformed position.

On a représenté aux figures 1 et 2 un safran 1 de gouvernail et sa mèche 5 traversant sa membrure et servant à le maintenir à la structure 2 du bateau et assurer sa rotation. Deux paliers A et B sont prévus à cet effet, le palier inférieur A étant ancré à proximité du fond 7 du bateau et le palier supérieur B un peu plus haut. La figure 1 montre comment peut s'exercer en cours de navigation une force hydrodynamique transversale F, dont les résultantes au niveau des paliers, sont matérialisées par les flèches FA et FB, évidemment en sens opposé. On voit à la figure 2, en traits pleins le safran 1 et sa mèche 5 quand ils occupent une position normale, et en pointillés quand la mèche a subi une déformation de flexion (volontairement exagérée sur le dessin) sous l'action d'efforts hydrodynamiques latéraux. Il convient alors de rigidifier la structure 2 du bateau au voisinage de la zone intéressée.FIGS. 1 and 2 show a rudder rudder 1 and its drill bit 5 passing through its frame and serving to hold it to the structure 2 of the boat and to ensure its rotation. Two bearings A and B are provided for this purpose, the lower bearing A being anchored near the bottom 7 of the boat and the upper bearing B a little higher. FIG. 1 shows how a transverse hydrodynamic force F can be exerted during navigation, the results of which at the level of the bearings, are materialized by the arrows F A and F B , obviously in the opposite direction. We see in Figure 2, in solid lines the rudder 1 and its wick 5 when they occupy a normal position, and in dotted lines when the wick has undergone a bending deformation (deliberately exaggerated in the drawing) under the action of efforts lateral hydrodynamics. It is then necessary to stiffen the structure 2 of the boat in the vicinity of the area concerned.

La figure 3 illustre le montage d'un palier souple dans un logement 3 prévu sur le fond 7 de la coque du bateau. La mèche 5 supportant le safran 1 est engagée dans un palier lisse 6 en forme de manchon réalisé en matériau choisi pour minimiser le frottement en rotation de la mèche. Ce palier 6 est lui-même enchassé dans un bloc en matière souple 4 ayant un degré de souplesse suffisant pour autoriser une certaine flexion de la mèche. Avantageusement le bloc 4 a la forme d'une couronne qui s'emmanche sur le palier lisse, dont la face supérieure et la face inférieure est pourvue d'une gorge annulaire centrale 8, favorisant un certain écrasement des bords supérieurs et inférieurs de la couronne. On fait en sorte aussi que le profil intérieur 9 du logement 3 soit de forme conique ou de forme prismatique à pente inclinée pour que l'on puisse emboiter et bloquer à force et de façon aisée le bloc souple 4, que son positionnement soit correct, et que son éventuel démontage soit également facile.Figure 3 illustrates the mounting of a flexible bearing in a housing 3 provided on the bottom 7 of the boat hull. The wick 5 supporting the rudder 1 is engaged in a smooth bearing 6 in the form of a sleeve made of material chosen to minimize the friction in rotation of the wick. This bearing 6 is itself encased in a block of flexible material 4 having a degree of flexibility sufficient to allow a certain bending of the wick. Advantageously, the block 4 has the shape of a crown which is fitted onto the plain bearing, the upper face and the lower face of which is provided with a central annular groove 8, favoring a certain crushing of the upper and lower edges of the crown. . We also make sure that the internal profile 9 of the housing 3 is conical or prismatic in shape with an inclined slope so that the flexible block 4 can be forced and easily locked and locked, so that its positioning is correct, and that its possible disassembly is also easy.

On a représenté à la figure 4 un palier souple selon la figure 3 qui est déformé par rapport à l'axe AA′ de la mèche en position normale. La déformation en flexion de la mèche 5 est indiquée par l'angle α entre la mèche fléchie et l'axe AA′.FIG. 4 shows a flexible bearing according to Figure 3 which is deformed relative to the axis AA 'of the drill bit in the normal position. The flexural deformation of the drill bit 5 is indicated by the angle α between the bent drill bit and the axis AA ′.

Le tassement t résultant d'efforts tranchants radiaux exercés sur le safran 1, est matérialisé par un écart latéral de la mèche par rapport à sa position originale. Le bloc souple 4 se déforme en conséquence et absorbe à la fois la flexion α et le tassement t.The settlement t resulting from radial cutting forces exerted on the rudder 1, is materialized by a lateral deviation of the drill bit from its original position. The flexible block 4 deforms accordingly and absorbs both the flexion α and the settlement t.

La coque du bateau ne nécessite donc plus la structure 2 de renforcement visible à la figure 2.The hull of the boat therefore no longer requires the reinforcement structure 2 visible in FIG. 2.

Un autre logement équivalent est aussi prévu pour le palier supérieur équipé lui aussi d'un palier lisse et d'un bloc souple.Another equivalent housing is also provided for the upper bearing, which is also equipped with a smooth bearing and a flexible block.

Hormis les avantages conférés par ces paliers souples dans toutes conditions de navigation, ils permettent aussi d'amortir de façon non négligeable les efforts anormaux sur le safran, résultant par exemple du choc d'objets flottants, de cordages, de filets etc..., et contribuent d'autant à la sécurité générale du bateau en navigation.Apart from the advantages conferred by these flexible bearings in all navigation conditions, they also make it possible to absorb in a non-negligible way the abnormal forces on the rudder, resulting for example from the impact of floating objects, ropes, nets etc ... , and contribute all the more to the general safety of the boat in navigation.

Claims (5)

- Palier souple pour le support de la mèche d'un gouvernail, autorisant au safran de se mouvoir en rotation, caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué d'un palier lisse 6 en forme de manchon enchassé dans un bloc en matière souple 4, lui même emboité dans un logement 3 du bateau, pour absorber les déformations en flexion de la mèche 5 sans les transmettre à la structure.- Flexible bearing for the support of the rudder bit, allowing the rudder to move in rotation, characterized in that it consists of a smooth bearing 6 in the form of a sleeve encased in a block of flexible material 4, itself fitted into a housing 3 of the boat, to absorb the flexural deformations of the wick 5 without transmitting them to the structure. - Palier souple selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le manchon formant le palier lisse 6 est réalisé en un matériau choisi pour minimiser le frottement en rotation de la mèche 5.- Flexible bearing according to claim 1 characterized in that the sleeve forming the smooth bearing 6 is made of a material chosen to minimize the friction in rotation of the wick 5. - Palier souple selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le bloc 4 a la forme d'une couronne emmanchée sur le palier lisse 6, dont la face supérieure et la face inférieure est pourvue d'une gorge annulaire centrale 8 favorisant un certain écrasement des bords supérieurs et inférieurs de la couronne.- Flexible bearing according to claim 1 characterized in that the block 4 has the shape of a crown fitted on the smooth bearing 6, the upper face and the lower face of which is provided with a central annular groove 8 favoring a certain crushing of the upper and lower edges of the crown. - Palier souple selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le profil intérieur 9 du logement 3 est de forme conique pour favoriser le blocage du bloc souple 4.- Flexible bearing according to claim 1 characterized in that the internal profile 9 of the housing 3 is of conical shape to promote the blocking of the flexible block 4. - Palier souple selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le profil intérieur 9 du logement 3 est de forme prismatique à pente inclinée pour favoriser le blocage du bloc souple 4.- Flexible bearing according to claim 1 characterized in that the internal profile 9 of the housing 3 is of prismatic shape with inclined slope to promote the blocking of the flexible block 4.
EP91400126A 1990-01-29 1991-01-21 Soft bearing to support a rudder stock Withdrawn EP0440521A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9000977 1990-01-29
FR9000977A FR2657584B1 (en) 1990-01-29 1990-01-29 FLEXIBLE BEARING FOR SUPPORTING THE BIT OF A GOVERNOR.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0440521A1 true EP0440521A1 (en) 1991-08-07

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EP91400126A Withdrawn EP0440521A1 (en) 1990-01-29 1991-01-21 Soft bearing to support a rudder stock

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EP (1) EP0440521A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2657584B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2344385B (en) * 1998-12-04 2003-05-07 Richard David John Huggett Self aligning rudder bearing

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2448651A (en) * 1945-05-15 1948-09-07 Florence L Aker Noiseless rudder post bearing
US4352527A (en) * 1980-07-15 1982-10-05 Scatra Ab Water-lubricated bearing construction for ship's propeller shaft
US4596471A (en) * 1985-01-07 1986-06-24 The B. F. Goodrich Company Bearing assembly
US4802430A (en) * 1987-10-26 1989-02-07 The B. F. Goodrich Company Composite rudder seal

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US55559A (en) * 1866-06-12 Improved steering apparatus
CA1018014A (en) * 1975-10-14 1977-09-27 Olav Thyvold Rudder post tube assembly
US4809631A (en) * 1987-10-26 1989-03-07 The B. F. Goodrich Company Composite rudder seal

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2448651A (en) * 1945-05-15 1948-09-07 Florence L Aker Noiseless rudder post bearing
US4352527A (en) * 1980-07-15 1982-10-05 Scatra Ab Water-lubricated bearing construction for ship's propeller shaft
US4596471A (en) * 1985-01-07 1986-06-24 The B. F. Goodrich Company Bearing assembly
US4802430A (en) * 1987-10-26 1989-02-07 The B. F. Goodrich Company Composite rudder seal

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MACHINE DESIGN vol. 44, no. 1, 13 janvier 1972, pages 127 - 128; "RUDDER SHAFT HIGH 'N DRY WITH BONDED SEAL" *

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Publication number Publication date
FR2657584B1 (en) 1995-03-03
FR2657584A1 (en) 1991-08-02
US5317984A (en) 1994-06-07

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