EP0439849A1

EP0439849A1 - Device for rapid locking and delayed unlocking a door, more particularly of a washing machine

Info

Publication number: EP0439849A1
Application number: EP90203047A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Onofrio Rocchitelli
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1989-12-18
Filing date: 1990-11-16
Publication date: 1991-08-07
Anticipated expiration: 2010-11-16
Also published as: DE69030652D1; IT1236884B; IT8922729A0; IT8922729A1; EP0439849B1; ATE152790T1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for locking doors of machines containing rotating members which closes the contacts of an electrical switch subsequent to locking the door and opens the contacts prior to unlocking the door.

It is characterized by the fact that hook 5 of the door is retained by a block 4 which is rotated about its axis due to the action of hook 5 while closing the door so that after the locking of the rotating block 4, hook 5 can no longer be drawn out. Rotating block 4 is fixed on a small shaft 3 with which it rotates, said small shaft 3 having in turn a second substantially cylindrical block 7 which has a peripheral surface shaped as a cam and which has in the end opposite the first block 4 a cavity 8 to house the tail 27 of a locking bolt 9 which moves parallel to the axis of said small shaft 3, the opposite end 26 of locking bolt 9 working on the moving contact 10 of the electrical switch 11. When the end of locking bolt 27 enters the cavity 8 it locks block 7 and therefore block 4 against rotation, thereby locking the door. The operation of the various parts of the device is obtained by means of two mobile boxes moving parallel to the axis of the shaft 3, of which one 14 cooperates with cam 7 arranged on shaft 3 and the other 13 cooperates with the front part 29 of locking bolt 9 and with a lever arm 19 rotating about a pivot 20 with the opposite end connected to a small piston 22 of an electromagnet 23.

Description

This invention in general lies in the field of locking systems of closing means of doors of machines having inner parts subjected to inertial rotation, and in particular it refers to locking systems of washing machine doors which, when working with electromeccanical programmers, aim at locking the closing device of the machine door once put into function and to unlock it with a certain delay after the electric current has been interrupted to the moving parts of the machine so as to avoid the opening of the door when certain parts of the machine may still be subjected to inertial rotation (in particular the cylinder of the centrifuge).
Other devices are known in the field, of the type in which the locking and the respective delayed opening is obtained through the effect of the action of a bimetallic strip and of the cooling time of the same.
In the field are also known other various devices, some of which belonging to the same inventor, fit to accomplish the cited functions using other means: magnetic, wax thermostats etc. Tecnical progress in this field and the availability of washing machines that are more and more sofisticated, have induced producers of said machines to substitute the mechanical programmer with a microprocessor onto which are set the various possible working cycles.
In this case it is not necessary that the locking device of the closing means of the door should contain in itself the means for the delayed unlocking, so it can be substituted with a microprocessor, just as unnecessary the locking of said closing means of the door just after the beginning of operation as it can be realized only when the machine works at certain cycles when an unintentional opening of the door may cause damage to the user, thus limiting the locking of the door to centrifrugation operations which as we know, in modern machines occur at elevated speed.
One such device is described in the Italian Patent Application n. 22439 A/89 belonging to the same inventor. In all of these known devices however, it is possible to turn on the machine without the locking of the door in that because the locking occurs when the series switch is turned off or immediately after, as it is the series switch that allows the current to flow to the programming and driving means of the machine, it is sufficient to close the door with a volontary or causative action to activate said series switch.
The first aim of this finding is to overcome this inconvenience and exclude any possible or even volontary tampering with the device guaranteeing maximum safety, offering a locking device which is substantially mechanical in which the contacts of the series switch are closed only after the door has been securely closed; the second aim of the finding is that of presenting an extremely simple device which also guarantees a lasting and safe functioning; the third aim is that of the automatic opening of the door occuring simultaneously to the unlocking; the fourth aim is that with the addition of a device on the feeding circuit of the current to the feeding means of the locking device, its use can be extended to operate on machines working with traditional elettromechanical programmers.
The invention consists in using: as a retainer for the look of the door, a block swinging around its axis capable of rotating while closing under the thrust exercized on it by the hook of the door and coupling with it so that the hook can be no longer drawn out after the locking of the swinging gauge block, said swinging gauge block being assembled onto a small shaft arranged according to the rotation axis of same swinging block, the small shaft in turn bears a second small cylindrical block cam shaped onto which side face opposite to the one facing the first block, is also obtained a cavity to house the end of a locking bolt fit to move parallel to the axis of said small shaft containing the blocks, the locking bolt working on the movable contact of the series switch with the opposite end, so that when the end of the locking bolt is inserted in the cavity of the cam it induces locking and therefore that of the retainer block of the look, the working of the various parts of the device being obtained by means of the movement of two boxes, movable according to the axis of the block shaft, of which one has an appendix shaped at an inclined plane interfering with the cam arranged on the shaft and the other interfering with the bottom part of the locking bolt and with a lever arm free to move angularly around a pivot and having the opposite end connected to a small piston of a electromagnet.
The invention will be better understood with the description of an example of realization to be taken as being exemplifying and not limitative, illustrated with reference to six enclosed drawings in which:
Fig. 1 - represents the device turned off, that is with the door open seen at a flat cross section.
Fig. 2 - a section according to B-B of fig. 1 representing the hook of the door and the locking block of the looh with the door open.
Fig. 3 - a section according to A-A of fig. 1 representing the two boxes responsible for the movement of the various parts of the device and the drive cam of the same when the device is open.
Fig. 4 - represents the device when locked, that is with the door closed and hook locked in a flat section view.
Fig. 5 - a section according to B-B of fig. 4 representing the hook of the door, and the locking block of the hook with the door closed.
Fig. 6 - a section according to A-A of fig. 4 representing the two boxes responsable for the movement of the various parts of the device and the driving cam of the same when device is closed.
Fig. 7 - represents how the device works during unlocking that is as it occurs when the contacts of the series switch are opened; the unlocking of the door.
Fig. 8 - a section according to B-B of fig. 7 showing how the hook continues to stay locked for some time after the contacts of the series switch are opened;
Fig. 9 - a section according to A-A of fig. 7 showing the reciprocal position of the two boxes of movement. Furthermore, in two successive drawings is illustrated a variation of the invention that is, how said device can be applied also to washing machines with electrmeccanical programmer applying a component to the device according to the invention, and using a particular electric waring diagram.
Fig. 10 - the device in locking position with the component allowing it to be applied to washing machines with electromeccanic programmer.
Fig. 11 - the relative electric waring diagram for the functioning of the device according to the variation of fig. 10.
With reference to figs. 1,2,3,4,5,5,7,8 and 9, the device according to invention 1 is made up by an external box shaped casing 2 provided with a lid, not illustrated, to contain the various parts of the device consisting in:

a shaft 3, arranged according to the longitudinal axis of the external casing 2, free to rotate around its longitudinal axis and arranged in a cylindrical housing 12 obtained in the casing and in the corresponding part in the lid; a gauge block 4 properly shaped to join with the hook of the door 5 of the washing machine, so as to lock it for example as indicated in fig. 2,5,8 fixed on shaft 3. Said stop gauge block is substantially a cylinder which presents inside it a cavity 6 fit to join with the stop tooth of the hook 5 so that when the block 4 is locked in the position of fig. 4 and 5, the hook cannot be drawn out and the relative door opened;
a second cylindrical block 7 also fixed to shaft 3 adjacent to the stop gauge block of the hook 4 having the outer surface cam shaped. It also has, in correspondance to the side opposite to the one facing the gauge block 4, a cavity 8 to house an end 27 of a locking bolt 9 to lock hook 5 by means of stop block 4, the other end of the locking bolt 26 working on the mobile contact 10 of the series switch
two slide boxes 13 and 14 containing respectively two elicoidal springs 15 and 16 free to move backwards and forwards according to the longitudinal axis of the casing 2, housed inside the casing 2 and arranged in continuation to the shaft 3 and of the relative gauge blocks 4 and 7.
the slide box 14, has an end 17 shaped into an inclined plane as well as an appendix 18 which fits into box 13 and onto which rests one end of spring 15 contained in the slide box 13 which with the other end leans on the front internal wall of the slide box 13, whose corresponding external wall lies infront of the abutment 29 of the locking bolt 9 of the slide box 14 opposite to the one shaped into a inclined plane and open, so that the spring 16 contained in said slide box leans with one end against a fixed vertical surface 29' drawn out in the casing 2 and with the other end against the wall of said casing externally shaped into an inclined plane; a lever arm 19 hinged to an end 20 of the casing 2 is connected with the other end to a small piston 22 of an electromagnet 23 having in a determined position a tooth 24, which when the small piston of the electromagnet as retracted - corresponding to the device when not working, arm 19 lowered - interferes with a tooth 25 arranged in a position which corresponds to the outside part of box 13.

It works as follows:
with the door opened, the various parts of the device are arranged as illustrated in figs. 1,2,3 that is with the rod 3 rotated by the action of spring 16 so that the stop block 4 of the hook 5 presents itself as in fig. 2 in such a position as to receive the hook; bolt 9 leans with its end 27 on the external part of the side of cam 7; slide boxes 13 and 14 are both drawn back with spring 15 relaxed and spring 16 slightly compressed enough to keep slide box 14 in an off position; the other end 25 of bolt 9 presses on the moving contact 10 of the switch 11 keeping the contacts of the same open and pressing the on spring 19 of same switch; arm 19 is pulled down by return spring of the small shaft of the electromagnet 23 and with tooth 24 facing tooth 25 of the slide box 13; the inclined plane 17 of the box 14 holds up the inferior part of cam 7.
When the door is closed, see figs. 4,5,6 hook 5 makes it turn to the position shown in fig. 5 by pressing on gauge block 4; with it also turns rod 3 and cam 7 which working with the diameter slowly increasing onto the inclined plane of slide box 14 pushes it forwards causing the compression of the spring 16 against the fixed wall 29' and with its arm 18 the compression of spring 15 against the front wall of slide box 13 whose tooth 25, under these circumstances is pushed with pressure against tooth 24 of arm 19 and the outside part of the front wall meets spur 29 of bolt 9.
Only when the operation has been concluded can tail 27 of bolt 9 enter cavity 8 drawn out of the side wall of cam 7 due to the effect of the push exerted on end 26 of locking bolt by spring 28 of the series switch 11 and it is only under these circumstances that it is possible for the contacts of the switch 11 to close.
From the above description we can deduce that even if one should involutarily or accidentally close the door up/to but without reaching the locking position the tail of the bolt 9 will not be able to enter housing 8 and therefore make it impossible to induce the contacts of the series switch to close.
To open the door, see figs. 7,8,9 it is sufficient to actuate the small piston 22 giving tension to the electromagnet 23 so that the piston 22 rises taking with it the head of the rod 19 freeing the slide box 13 which springs forward dragging forward the locking bolt 9 due to the effect of the urge exerted by the external front wall of slide box 13 against the spur 29 of the bolt 9 so that the moving contact 10 of the series switch 11 opens and cam 7 unclamps.
Almost instantly, but successively, due to the push exerted by the inclined plane 17 under the action of spring 16 contained in the slide box 14 and previously compressed, slide box 14 recoils causing rotation in the opposite direction of the cam 7 and therefore of gauge block 4 locking hook 5 which is pushed outside causing the automatic opening of the door, and at the same time with its arm 18 drags slide box 13 backwards allowing the lever arm 19 connected to the head of the small piston 22 of the electromagnet to be drawn downwards.
It has also been found that because the particular lay out of the relationship between the arm 19 and the box 13, to make the arm 19 lift - unlocking operation - it is necessary only to have an electromagnet much smaller in size respect to the ones normally used for the unlocking of similar types of door locking systems in that only a very small force is necessary to work on the lever 19 and this is a further advantage of the finding.
The electromagnet 23 can be actuated manually, working on the push button placed on the control holder panel of the machine, when the machine is not working or when it has reached a stage of the cycle allowing this operation, or automatically when the cycle has finished using a control accepted by the processor.
With reference to fig. 10, to be able to use this type of door locking device as described above also in washing machines having the cycle controlled by an electromechanical programmer, it is sufficient - and it is also a claim of the patent - to assemble thermistor (P.T.C.) 30 on one of the two current conductors to the electromagnet 23 which, when the door in closed and at the sometime is also closed the series switch 11 warms up thus interrupting the flowing of one of the feeding conducts of the current to the electromagnet 23, so that it can be operated eigther manually or by a command sent by the programmer, only when the P.T.C. has cooled and restored the passing of the current in the conductor previously interrupted.
It has also been found that correcting the conducters properly which give tension to the electromagnet 23, it is possible, even in washing machines with a cycle comanded by a normal mechanical programmer, to realize the locking of the hook of the door both during the whole cycle, as usually occurs in these types of programmers with known devices, or only during the centrifugal phase as shown in the operation scheme illustrated in fig. 11, in which "F" indicates wires connected to phase and "N" wires connected to neutral.
With reference to fig. 11, to wire 31 is connected the phase coming from the line and which when switch 11 is closed, corresponding to as mentioned above to the closing of the door comes out from 32 to reach the electromechanical programmer and proceeds to begin the cycle.
To the two faces of the P.T.C. 30 are connected, to one side a shunt 34 of phase 32, and to the other line 33 coming from the neutral wire.
When P.T.C. is cold the current phase from wire 32 can pass to wire 34 so that when pressing the push button 37 a binding clamp of wich is connected to wire 36 in turn connected to neutral, it is possible actuate elettromagnet 23 to open the door.
When through the programmer is corrected wire 33 with the neutral line at the beginning of the cycle or only at the beginning of the centrifugation phase, the P.T.C. heats up and remains heated for the whole time of said operation interrupting the continuity between wire 32 and 34 and preventing the actuation of magnet 23.
Only at the end of the cycle and after the cut off of the current to wire 33, and only after the P.T.C. has cooled, is possible to actuate the electromagnet eighther again using pushbutton 37 or through the transfer of the current through wire 35 connected trough the wire 38 to an appropriate control provided on the programmer, to obtain the automatic opening of the door.
Furthermore the P.T.C. 30 thus corrected to the coil of the electromagnet also performs the function of protecting the electric winding of the same coil, in that in case of accidental prolonged feeding of electric current to the coil of the electromagnet due to damage of the programmer or of the microswitch 11, it is sufficient to induce heating of P.T.C. 30 and consequently the interruption of the current to the electromagnet 23.
Finally recently it has been found that for better results we could substitute the PTC with a delaying device which has been the object of the European Application n. 88900820.7.
It has been found infact that although the PTC works perfectly as mentioned above, if the distracted or impatient operator should insistently press the pushbuttom 37, the PTC will heat up and the door will lock.
Fig. 12 shows a flat section of the device as described above, not working that is with the door open.
With reference to fig. 12 we find a second system which has been further improved to be able to use to door locking system object of the present invention in washing machines driven by a mechanical programmer and substituting the PTC of fig. 10 on the wiring diagram of fig. 11 the delaying device described in the Europen Application n. 88900820.7 in wich the opening is actuated by the mobile contact plate 43 of a microswitch, by means of a rocker arm 42 moved by a bi-metallic strip 40 suitably electrically heated, an appropriate part of the mobile contact plate 43 of the microswitch being, in its turn, subjected to the load of an eccentric ratchet 44, said load having the function, by increasing and decreasing, of correcting the insertion time and the delayed opening of the door-lock, the bimetallic strip being heated by means of a PTC 41, and the bimetallic strip 40, the PTC 41 and the rocker arm 42 simply resting on one another in order to quarantee, for theese conditions, that the curving and straightening times of the bimetallic strip 40 remain stable through time.

Claims

Device to lock opening and closing means in doors of machines having inside parts subjected to inertial rotation accomplishing opening and closing of the contacts of the series switch respectively delayed and anticipated to the locking and unlocking of the door, characterized by the fact that to retain look 5 of the door is used a block 4 swinging around its axis, capable of rotating while closed due to the action of a thrust exested by look 5 of the door so that after the locking of the swinging block 4 Look 5 can no longer be drawn out, said swinging block 4 being assembled onto a small shaft 3 arranged according to the rotation axis of said swinging gauge 4, said small shaft 3 having in turn a second cylindrical block out lined in cam 7 on the side face of which, opposite to the one facing towards the first block 4, is drawn out a cavity 8 to house the tail 27 of a locking bolt 9 which moves parallel to the axis of said small shaft 3, which takes block 4 and 7, the locking bolt 9 working with the opposite end 26 on the moving contact 10 of the series switch 11, so that when the end of locking bolt 27 is inserted into the cavity of cam 7 causes locking of it and as a cosequence that of the catch block of hook 4, the operation of the various parts of the device is obtained by means of two mobile slide boxes moving according to the axis of the shaft 3 block holder, of which one 14 interfering with cam 7 arranged onto shaft 3 and the other 13 inteferring with the front part 29 of locking bolt 9 having a lever arm 19, free to move from one corner to another around a pivot 20, with the opposite end connected to a small piston 22 of an electromagnet 23.
Device according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that, the moving box 13 holds inside it a spring 15 which during the locking phase is compressed by an arm 18 connected to slide box 14 and entering slide box 13 and against which leans and end of spring 15 while the other end of spring 15 pushes the front wall of said slide box 13.
Device according to claim land 2 characterized by the fact slide box 14 holds a spur 17 on the side facing cam 7 which is shaped into an inclined plane intefering with said cam 7 and housing inside it a spring 16 one ard of which leans against the back wall of slide box 14 - cam side - and the other being the open side of slide box 14, leaning against a retainer 29 which is part of the container 2 of the device.
Device according to claims 1,2 and 3, characterized by the fact that during unlocking phase of the door, spring 16 contained in box 14 when stretched out makes slide boxes 13 and 14 recoil, and pushing on cam 7 stimulates rotation in the opposite direction of the block 4 of the hook 5 with the contemporany expulsion of hook 5 from block 4 and the consequent automatic opening of the washing machine door.
Device according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that the stop command given by the microprocessor, to prevent the accidental opening of the door, can be given both already at the beginning of the cycle or only during a particular stage of the cycle, for example when the machine runs at high speed which could be dangerous if the operator should accidentally open the door.
Device according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that inserting a thermistor (PTC) 30 onto a wire feeding electricity to the electromagnet 23 the device can be applied to washing machines which have an electromaccanical programmer commanding of the known type so that the PTC can operate the delayed opening of the door.
Device according to claim 6 characterized by the fact that adopting a particular wiring diagram on the device according to the invention, it is possible to operate the locking of the door eighter for the whole washing cycle or for only a part of it, also in washing machines with an electromechanical programmer.
Device according to claim 6 and 7 characterized by the fact that PTC 30 works also as a guard for the winding of the electromagnet 23 should the push buttom operating the electromagnet be subjected to prolonged use or the porgrammer breakdown..
Device according to claims 1, 6 and 7 characterized by the fact that the PTC of claim 6 in the electric wiring diagram of claim 7 fig. 11 in substituted by the delaying device of the European Application n. 88900820.7 made up by the mobile contact plate 43 of a microswitch, by means of a rocker arm 42 moved by a bimetallic strip 40 electrically heated by a PTC 41 an appropriate part of the mobile contact plate 43 of the microswitch being, in its turn, subjected to the load of an eccentric ratchet 44, said load having the function, by increasing and decreasing of correcting the insertion time and the delayed opening of the door lock and the bimetallic strip 40, the PTC 41 and the rocker arm 42 simply resting on one another in order to guarantee, for these conditions, that the curving and straightening times of the bimetallic strip 40 remain stable through time.