EP0434859A1 - Device for checking the correct working of an incandescent lamp - Google Patents

Device for checking the correct working of an incandescent lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0434859A1
EP0434859A1 EP89123950A EP89123950A EP0434859A1 EP 0434859 A1 EP0434859 A1 EP 0434859A1 EP 89123950 A EP89123950 A EP 89123950A EP 89123950 A EP89123950 A EP 89123950A EP 0434859 A1 EP0434859 A1 EP 0434859A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
incandescent lamp
resistance
switched
arrangement
circuit
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EP89123950A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0434859B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Schürmans
Heinz Dipl.-Ing. Laumen
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Scheidt and Bachmann GmbH
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Scheidt and Bachmann GmbH
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Priority to AT89123950T priority Critical patent/ATE91376T1/en
Priority to DE8989123950T priority patent/DE58904882D1/en
Priority to ES89123950T priority patent/ES2042959T3/en
Priority to EP89123950A priority patent/EP0434859B1/en
Publication of EP0434859A1 publication Critical patent/EP0434859A1/en
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Publication of EP0434859B1 publication Critical patent/EP0434859B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/20—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for monitoring the functionality of an incandescent lamp connected by lines to an energy source, the continuity of the circuit being checked in each case in the switched-off state with low energy without any visible effect of the incandescent lamp and / or in the switched-on state by determining an energy flow.
  • incandescent lamps used in signaling technology it is known to monitor their functionality, since it is extremely important, for example in signaling systems for rail and road traffic, to immediately identify defective incandescent lamps and replace them with functioning incandescent lamps.
  • incandescent lamps Two different arrangements for monitoring the functionality of incandescent lamps are known, which are connected to an energy source by means of lines.
  • the continuity of the circuit is checked when the incandescent lamp is switched off with low energy so that there is no visible effect of the incandescent lamp; this monitoring method is also called “dark current method”.
  • the known methods and arrangements for monitoring the functionality of an incandescent lamp have a decisive disadvantage. Even in the event of a defective light bulb, the continuity of the respective circuit can be determined both when the light bulb with low energy is switched off and when it is switched on when there is a short or shunt between the lines or in the lamp base. Such a short-circuit or shunt prevents energy flow in the switched-on state, even in the switched-off state, and the low-current dark current process is not carried out in the switched-off state.
  • the known arrangements are consequently not suitable for carrying out proper monitoring of the functionality of incandescent lamps with the necessary certainty and for precluding a positive test result from being reported even though the incandescent lamp is defective.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an arrangement of the type described above for monitoring the functionality of an incandescent lamp, which distinguishes a continuity of the circuit generated by short or shunt from the continuity of the circuit when the incandescent lamp is working and excludes positive test results despite a defective incandescent lamp.
  • the solution to this problem by the invention is characterized in that the ratio of the resistance of the arrangement in the switched-off state to the resistance of the arrangement in the switched-on state is determined and with the ratio of the current for the light bulb to be monitored Cold-hot resistance is compared, taking into account the line resistances for submitting a message for the monitoring result.
  • the ratio of its resistance is known once in the cold and the other in the warm state.
  • this resistance ratio which is valid for the respective incandescent lamp, is compared, taking into account the respective line resistances, with the resistance ratio that results for the monitoring arrangement if, once the incandescent lamp is switched off, the continuity of the circuit with low energy and on the other hand when the incandescent lamp is switched on Circuit is checked by supplying normal energy. If the resistance ratio determined during the check matches the valid ratio of the cold-warm resistance, a positive monitoring result is reported. If there is no continuity in the circuit when feeding in low or high energy, a negative message is issued.
  • the monitoring of the functionality also leads to a negative message if continuity of the circuit is determined with both low and normal energy, but the resistance ratio determined here does not match the ratio of the cold-warm resistance of the incandescent lamp to be checked. In this case, there is either a short circuit or a shunt, which leads to continuity of the circuit despite the faulty light bulb.
  • the target resistance ratio of the respective arrangement is determined once when the arrangement is started up and stored as a comparison value for the monitoring during operation. In this way, it is avoided that the ratio of the cold-warm resistance of the incandescent lamp to be monitored in each case has to be determined and stored, taking into account the respective line resistances. In the arrangement according to the invention, this ratio is instead determined once when the arrangement is started up and stored as a comparison value which is used in each case during the monitoring operations which take place during operation.
  • the invention proposes to carry out a check at the beginning of each switch-on process of the incandescent lamp. Since both the continuity of the circuit and the respective resistance of the arrangement can be determined briefly with low energy and then with normal energy flow with each switch-on process and the resistance ratio can be formed, it is possible according to the above development of the arrangement according to the invention, the respective filament lamp reliably to monitor their functionality.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention is shown in the drawing using a block diagram in FIG. 1 and an associated diagram in FIG.
  • an incandescent lamp 1 is fed by an energy source 2, the line resistance of the two lines 3 and 4 of the circuit running between the energy source 2 and the incandescent lamp 1 being represented by the resistors 3a and 4a. These resistors 3a and 4a thus depend on the line length and the line cross-section.
  • a current meter 5 is arranged in line 3; a voltmeter 6 is connected between the two lines 3 and 4.
  • the measurement results of both measuring devices 5 and 6 are sent to an evaluation circuit 7, preferably an electronic computer.
  • the cold resistance of the bulb 1 including the resistors 3a and 4a are calculated in the evaluation circuit 7 in that current and voltage are measured by the ammeter 5 and the voltmeter 6 with a low energy supply.
  • the energy supplied here is so low that the filament of the incandescent lamp 1 does not heat up and consequently the incandescent lamp 1 does not light up visibly for the human eye.
  • the incandescent lamp 1 is then illuminated and the warm resistance is now calculated by measuring the current and voltage in the evaluation circuit 7. The ratio of the cold resistance to the warm resistance is formed and stored in the evaluation circuit 7.
  • Corresponding measurements and calculations are carried out at regular intervals during the operation of the incandescent lamp 1, preferably each time the incandescent lamp 1 is switched on. A comparison of this regularly calculated resistance ratio with the stored target value ratio determines whether the incandescent lamp 1 is functional or whether the determined continuity of the Circuit goes back to a short or shunt. Only if the cold-warm resistance of the respective calculations corresponds to the setpoint ratio, which was determined and saved including the system-specific line resistances, do the measurements result in a positive function message.
  • a characteristic resistance curve of an incandescent lamp 1 is shown in the diagram in FIG.
  • an impending failure of the incandescent lamp 1 can additionally be recognized by comparing the currently measured warm resistance with the warm resistance measured after the first start-up, so that tendency changes can be recognized.
  • the evaporation process which preferably consists of one Tungsten filament existing filament will namely increase the heat resistance of the filament by increasing the operating time by reducing the filament cross-section and thus give an evaluable statement about the remaining life of the filament lamp.
  • the warm resistance of the incandescent lamp 1 measured when the incandescent lamp 1 was put into operation for the first time is stored. The warm resistances measured during operation are compared with this stored value.
  • a message is issued which contains, for example, a request to replace the incandescent lamp 1. This makes it possible not to wait for the total failure of the incandescent lamp 1, but to replace it in good time, which is particularly important in traffic signal systems for traffic control.

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  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for monitoring the serviceability of an incandescent lamp (1) connected to a power source (2) by means of leads (3,4), it being possible to check the continuity of the circuit at low power in the switched-off state, without any visible effect on the incandescent lamp (1), and/or by confirming an energy flow in the switched-on state. In order to be able to differentiate between circuit continuity resulting from a short-circuit or shunt circuit and the continuity of the circuit when the incandescent lamp is operated during such a test, and to exclude the possibility of a positive test result despite a defective incandescent lamp, the ratio of the resistance of the arrangement when the incandescent lamp (1) is in the switched-off state to the resistance of the arrangement when the incandescent lamp (1) is in the switched-on state is determined and is compared with the ratio of the cold-hot resistance which is applicable to the respective incandescent lamp (1) to be monitored, taking into account the lead conditions, to output a report for the monitoring result. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Überwachung der Funktionsfähigkeit einer mittels Leitungen an eine Energie­quelle angeschlossenen Glühlampe, wobei in ausgeschaltetem Zu­stand mit niedriger Energie ohne sichtbare Wirkung der Glüh­lampe und/oder im eingeschalteten Zustand durch Feststellung eines Energieflusses jeweils die Durchgängigkeit des Strom­kreises überprüft wird.The invention relates to an arrangement for monitoring the functionality of an incandescent lamp connected by lines to an energy source, the continuity of the circuit being checked in each case in the switched-off state with low energy without any visible effect of the incandescent lamp and / or in the switched-on state by determining an energy flow.

Insbesondere bei in der Signaltechnik verwendeten Glühlampen ist es bekannt, diese auf ihre Funktionsfähigkeit hin zu über­wachen, da es beispielsweise bei Signalanlagen für den Eisen­bahn- und Straßenverkehr äußerst wichtig ist, defekte Glüh­lampen unverzüglich festzustellen und durch funktionierende Glühlampen zu ersetzen.In the case of incandescent lamps used in signaling technology in particular, it is known to monitor their functionality, since it is extremely important, for example in signaling systems for rail and road traffic, to immediately identify defective incandescent lamps and replace them with functioning incandescent lamps.

Es sind zwei unterschiedliche Anordnungen zur Überwachung der Funktionsfähigkeit von Glühlampen bekannt, die mittels Lei­tungen an eine Energiequelle angeschlossen sind. Zum einen wird in ausgeschaltetem Zustand der Glühlampe mit niedriger Energie, so daß keine sichtbare Wirkung der Glühlampe ein­tritt, die Durchgängigkeit des Stromkreises überprüft; dieses Überwachungsverfahren wird auch "Dunkelstromverfahren" ge­nannt. Zum anderen ist es bekannt, die Durchgängigkeit des je­weiligen Stromkreises im eingeschalteten Zustand der Glühlampe zu überprüfen, indem festgestellt wird, ob in den jeweiligen Leitungen ein Energiefluß stattfindet. Beide bekannten Über­wachungsverfahren werden entweder alternativ oder gemeinsam angewendet.Two different arrangements for monitoring the functionality of incandescent lamps are known, which are connected to an energy source by means of lines. On the one hand, the continuity of the circuit is checked when the incandescent lamp is switched off with low energy so that there is no visible effect of the incandescent lamp; this monitoring method is also called "dark current method". On the other hand, it is known to check the continuity of the respective circuit when the incandescent lamp is switched on by determining whether in the respective Lines an energy flow takes place. Both known monitoring methods are used either alternatively or together.

Die bekannten Verfahren bzw. Anordnungen zur Überwachung der Funktionsfähigkeit einer Glühlampe haben einen entscheidenden Nachteil. Selbst bei defekter Glühlampe kann nämlich sowohl im ausgeschalteten Zustand der Glühlampe mit niedriger Energie als auch im eingeschalteten Zustand durch einen Energiefluß die Durchgängigkeit des jeweiligen Stromkreises festgestellt werden, wenn ein Kurz- oder Nebenschluß zwischen Leitungen bzw. im Lampensockel vorliegt. Ein derartiger Kurz- oder Nebenschluß verhindert trotz ausgefallener Glühlampe weder im eingeschalteten Zustand einen Energiefluß, noch im ausge­schalteten Zustand die Durchführung des Dunkelstromverfahrens mit niedriger Energie. Die bekannten Anordnungen sind demzu­folge nicht geeignet, mit der notwendigen Sicherheit eine ordnungsgemäße Überwachung der Funktionsfähigkeit von Glüh­lampen durchzuführen und auszuschließen, daß ein positives Prüfergebnis gemeldet wird, obwohl die Glühlampe defekt ist.The known methods and arrangements for monitoring the functionality of an incandescent lamp have a decisive disadvantage. Even in the event of a defective light bulb, the continuity of the respective circuit can be determined both when the light bulb with low energy is switched off and when it is switched on when there is a short or shunt between the lines or in the lamp base. Such a short-circuit or shunt prevents energy flow in the switched-on state, even in the switched-off state, and the low-current dark current process is not carried out in the switched-off state. The known arrangements are consequently not suitable for carrying out proper monitoring of the functionality of incandescent lamps with the necessary certainty and for precluding a positive test result from being reported even though the incandescent lamp is defective.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anordnung der eingangs beschriebenen Art zur Überwachung der Funktionsfähig­keit einer Glühlampe zu schaffen, die eine durch Kurz- oder Nebenschluß erzeugte Durchgängigkeit des Stromkreises von der Durchgängigkeit des Stromkreises bei funktionierender Glüh­lampe unterscheidet und positive Prüfungsergebnisse trotz defekter Glühlampe ausschließt.The invention has for its object to provide an arrangement of the type described above for monitoring the functionality of an incandescent lamp, which distinguishes a continuity of the circuit generated by short or shunt from the continuity of the circuit when the incandescent lamp is working and excludes positive test results despite a defective incandescent lamp.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabenstellung durch die Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis des Widerstandes der Anordnung im ausgeschalteten Zustand zum Widerstand der Anordnung im eingeschalteten Zustand ermittelt und mit dem für die jeweils zu überwachende Glühlampe gültigen Verhältnis des Kalt-Warm-Widerstandes unter Berücksichtigung der Leitungs­widerstände zur Abgabe einer Meldung für das Überwachungs­ergebnis verglichen wird.The solution to this problem by the invention is characterized in that the ratio of the resistance of the arrangement in the switched-off state to the resistance of the arrangement in the switched-on state is determined and with the ratio of the current for the light bulb to be monitored Cold-hot resistance is compared, taking into account the line resistances for submitting a message for the monitoring result.

Für jede Glühlampe ist das Verhältnis ihres Widerstandes einmal im kalten und zum anderen im warmen Zustand bekannt. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung wird dieses für die je­weils zu überwachende Glühlampe gültige Widerstandsverhältnis unter Berücksichtigung der jeweiligen Leitungswiderstände mit dem Widerstandsverhältnis verglichen, das sich für die Über­wachungsanordnung ergibt, wenn einmal bei ausgeschalteter Glühlampe die Durchgängigkeit des Stromkreises mit niedriger Energie und zum anderen bei eingeschalteter Glühlampe der Stromkreis durch Zufuhr normaler Energie überprüft wird. Sofern das bei der Überprüfung festgestellte Widerstandsver­hältnis mit dem gültigen Verhältnis des Kalt-Warm-Widerstandes übereinstimmt, wird ein positives Überwachungsergebnis ge­meldet. Ergibt sich keine Durchgängigkeit des Stromkreises bei der Einspeisung niedriger oder hoher Energie, wird eine Negativmeldung abgegeben. Die Überwachung der Funktionsfähig­keit führt auch zu einer negativen Meldung, wenn sowohl mit niedriger als auch mit normaler Energie eine Durchgängigkeit des Stromkreises festgestellt wird, das hierbei festgestellte Widerstandsverhältnis jedoch nicht mit dem Verhältnis des Kalt-Warm-Widerstandes der jeweils zu überprüfenden Glühlampe übereinstimmt. In diesem Fall liegt nämlich entweder ein Kurz- oder Nebenschluß vor, der trotz defekter Glühlampe zu einer Durchgängigkeit des Stromkreises führt.For each incandescent lamp, the ratio of its resistance is known once in the cold and the other in the warm state. In the arrangement according to the invention, this resistance ratio, which is valid for the respective incandescent lamp, is compared, taking into account the respective line resistances, with the resistance ratio that results for the monitoring arrangement if, once the incandescent lamp is switched off, the continuity of the circuit with low energy and on the other hand when the incandescent lamp is switched on Circuit is checked by supplying normal energy. If the resistance ratio determined during the check matches the valid ratio of the cold-warm resistance, a positive monitoring result is reported. If there is no continuity in the circuit when feeding in low or high energy, a negative message is issued. The monitoring of the functionality also leads to a negative message if continuity of the circuit is determined with both low and normal energy, but the resistance ratio determined here does not match the ratio of the cold-warm resistance of the incandescent lamp to be checked. In this case, there is either a short circuit or a shunt, which leads to continuity of the circuit despite the faulty light bulb.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung werden somit Fehlmeldungen bei der Überwachung der Funktionsfähigkeit von Glühlampen infolge Kurz- oder Nebenschlusses ausgeschlossen und eine er­heblich höhere Sicherheit insbesondere bei einer Anwendung in der Signaltechnik erzielt.With the arrangement according to the invention, erroneous messages in the monitoring of the functionality of incandescent lamps as a result of short-circuit or shunt are thus excluded and considerably higher security is achieved, in particular when used in signaling technology.

Gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung wird das Wider­stands-Soll-Verhältnis der jeweiligen Anordnung einmalig bei Inbetriebnahme der Anordnung ermittelt und als Vergleichswert für die Überwachungen während des Betriebes abgespeichert. Auf diese Weise wird vermieden, daß das Verhältnis des Kalt-Warm-Widerstandes der jeweils zu überwachenden Glühlampe festgestellt und unter Berücksichtigung der jeweiligen Lei­tungswiderstände abgespeichert werden muß. Bei der erfindungs­gemäßen Anordnung wird dieses Verhältnis stattdessen einmalig bei Inbetriebnahme der Anordnung ermittelt und als Vergleichs­wert abgespeichert, der jeweils bei den während des Betriebes stattfindenden Überwachungen herangezogen wird.According to a further feature of the invention, the target resistance ratio of the respective arrangement is determined once when the arrangement is started up and stored as a comparison value for the monitoring during operation. In this way, it is avoided that the ratio of the cold-warm resistance of the incandescent lamp to be monitored in each case has to be determined and stored, taking into account the respective line resistances. In the arrangement according to the invention, this ratio is instead determined once when the arrangement is started up and stored as a comparison value which is used in each case during the monitoring operations which take place during operation.

Um eine möglichst hohe Sicherheit der mit der erfindungs­gemäßen Anordnung durchzuführenden Überwachung zu erzielen, wird mit der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, zu Beginn jedes Ein­schaltvorganges der Glühlampe eine Überprüfung durchzuführen. Da bei jedem Einschaltvorgang kurzzeitig mit niedriger Energie und anschließend bei normalem Energiefluß sowohl die Durchgängigkeit des Stromkreises als auch der jeweilige Wider­stand der Anordnung festgestellt werden können und das Wider­standsverhältnis gebildet werden kann, ist es gemäß der voran­stehenden Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung möglich, die jeweilige Glühlampe zuverlässig auf ihre Funktionsfähigkeit hin zu überwachen.In order to achieve the highest possible security for the monitoring to be carried out with the arrangement according to the invention, the invention proposes to carry out a check at the beginning of each switch-on process of the incandescent lamp. Since both the continuity of the circuit and the respective resistance of the arrangement can be determined briefly with low energy and then with normal energy flow with each switch-on process and the resistance ratio can be formed, it is possible according to the above development of the arrangement according to the invention, the respective filament lamp reliably to monitor their functionality.

Um einen bevorstehenden Ausfall einer Glühlampe rechtzeitig zu erkennen, wird mit der Erfindung schließlich vorgeschlagen, den bei der ersten Inbetriebnahme der Glühlampe gemessenen Warmwiderstand der Glühlampe zu speichern, die während des Be­triebes gemessenen Warmwiderstände mit diesem Speicherwert zu vergleichen und bei Überschreiten einer vorgebbaren Differenz eine Meldung abzugeben. Mit diesem Vorschlag werden tenden­zielle Änderungen des Warmwiderstandes der Glühlampe erkannt, die sich aufgrund des Verdampfungsprozesses der Glühwendel er­geben. Diese Verdampfungsprozesse der vorzugsweise aus einem Wolframfaden bestehenden Glühwendel lassen durch Verringerung des Wendelquerschnittes den Warmwiderstand ansteigen und stellen somit eine auswertbare Aussage über die noch ver­bleibende Lebensdauer der Glühlampe dar. Bei Überschreiten einer definierten, lampenabhängigen Differenz zwischen dem Warmwiderstand zum Zeitpunkt der Inbetriebnahme und dem Warm­widerstand der letzten aktuellen Messung kann eine Meldung ab­gegeben werden, die beispielsweise eine Aufforderung zum Aus­tausch der Glühlampe beinhaltet. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen An­ordnung wird somit die Möglichkeit geschaffen, nicht erst den Totalausfall der Glühlampe abzuwarten, sondern rechtzeitig vor dem Ausfall stehende Glühlampen auszutauschen.In order to recognize an impending failure of an incandescent lamp in good time, it is finally proposed with the invention to store the heat resistance of the incandescent lamp measured when the incandescent lamp is put into operation for the first time, to compare the heat resistances measured during operation with this stored value and to report a message if a predeterminable difference is exceeded to deliver. With this proposal, trend changes in the thermal resistance of the incandescent lamp are recognized, that result from the evaporation process of the filament. These evaporation processes of the incandescent filament, which is preferably made of a tungsten filament, increase the heat resistance by reducing the filament cross-section and thus provide an evaluable statement about the remaining life of the incandescent lamp In the last current measurement, a message can be issued that includes, for example, a request to replace the light bulb. The arrangement according to the invention thus creates the possibility of not waiting for the total failure of the incandescent lamp, but of replacing incandescent lamps in good time before the failure.

Auf der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungs­gemäßen Anordnung anhand eines Blockschaltbildes in Fig.1 und eines zugehörigen Diagramms in Fig.2 dargestellt.An exemplary embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention is shown in the drawing using a block diagram in FIG. 1 and an associated diagram in FIG.

Gemäß Fig. 1 wird eine Glühlampe 1 von einer Energiequelle 2 gespeist, wobei der Leitungswiderstand der beiden zwischen der Energiequelle 2 und der Glühlampe 1 verlaufenden Leitungen 3 und 4 des Stromkreises durch die Widerstände 3a und 4a darge­stellt ist. Diese Widerstände 3a und 4a hängen somit von der Leitungslänge und dem Leitungsquerschnitt ab.1, an incandescent lamp 1 is fed by an energy source 2, the line resistance of the two lines 3 and 4 of the circuit running between the energy source 2 and the incandescent lamp 1 being represented by the resistors 3a and 4a. These resistors 3a and 4a thus depend on the line length and the line cross-section.

In der Leitung 3 ist ein Strommesser 5 angeordnet; zwischen den beiden Leitungen 3 und 4 ist ein Spannungsmesser 6 ge­schaltet. Die Meßergebnisse beider Meßgeräte 5 und 6 werden einer Auswerteschaltung 7 aufgegeben, vorzugsweise einem elektronischen Rechner.A current meter 5 is arranged in line 3; a voltmeter 6 is connected between the two lines 3 and 4. The measurement results of both measuring devices 5 and 6 are sent to an evaluation circuit 7, preferably an electronic computer.

Bei der erstmaligen Inbetriebnahme der Glühlampe 1 wird der Kaltwiderstand der Glühlampe 1 einschließlich der Widerstände 3a und 4a in der Auswerteschaltung 7 errechnet, indem bei geringer Energiezufuhr Strom und Spannung durch den Strom­messer 5 und den Spannungsmesser 6 gemessen werden. Die hier­bei zugeführte Energie ist so niedrig, daß sich die Glühwendel der Glühlampe 1 nicht erhitzt und demzufolge die Glühlampe 1 für das menschliche Auge nicht sichtbar aufleuchtet. Durch Zu­fuhr höherer, der Nennleistung entsprechender Energie wird an­schließend die Glühlampe 1 zum Aufleuchten gebracht und nunmehr der Warmwiderstand durch Messung von Strom und Span­nung in der Auswerteschaltung 7 errechnet. Das Verhältnis des Kaltwiderstandes zum Warmwiderstand wird gebildet und in der Auswerteschaltung 7 abgespeichert.When the bulb 1 is started up for the first time, the cold resistance of the bulb 1 including the resistors 3a and 4a are calculated in the evaluation circuit 7 in that current and voltage are measured by the ammeter 5 and the voltmeter 6 with a low energy supply. The energy supplied here is so low that the filament of the incandescent lamp 1 does not heat up and consequently the incandescent lamp 1 does not light up visibly for the human eye. By supplying higher energy corresponding to the nominal power, the incandescent lamp 1 is then illuminated and the warm resistance is now calculated by measuring the current and voltage in the evaluation circuit 7. The ratio of the cold resistance to the warm resistance is formed and stored in the evaluation circuit 7.

Entsprechende Messungen und Berechnungen werden in regel­mäßigen Abständen während des Betriebes der Glühlampe 1 durch­geführt, vorzugsweise bei jedem Einschaltvorgang der Glühlampe 1. Durch einen Vergleich dieses regelmäßig berechneten Wider­standsverhältnisses mit dem abgespeicherten Sollwertverhältnis wird festgestellt, ob die Glühlampe 1 funktionsfähig ist oder ob die festgestellte Durchgängigkeit des Stromkreises auf einen Kurz- oder Nebenschluß zurückgeht. Nur wenn der Kalt-Warm-Widerstand der jeweiligen Berechnungen dem Sollwert­verhältnis entspricht, das unter Einschluß der anlagespezi­fischen Leitungswiderstände ermittelt und abgespeichert worden ist, führen die Messungen zu einer positiven Funktionsmeldung. Ein charakteristischer Widerstandsverlauf einer Glühlampe 1 ist im Diagramm der Fig.2 dargestellt.Corresponding measurements and calculations are carried out at regular intervals during the operation of the incandescent lamp 1, preferably each time the incandescent lamp 1 is switched on. A comparison of this regularly calculated resistance ratio with the stored target value ratio determines whether the incandescent lamp 1 is functional or whether the determined continuity of the Circuit goes back to a short or shunt. Only if the cold-warm resistance of the respective calculations corresponds to the setpoint ratio, which was determined and saved including the system-specific line resistances, do the measurements result in a positive function message. A characteristic resistance curve of an incandescent lamp 1 is shown in the diagram in FIG.

Mit der voranstehend beschriebenen Anordnung läßt sich zu­sätzlich ein bevorstehender Ausfall der Glühlampe 1 erkennen, indem der jeweils aktuell gemessene Warmwiderstand mit dem nach der ersten Inbetriebnahme gemessenen Warmwiderstand ver­glichen wird, so daß tendenzielle Änderungen erkennbar werden. Infolge des Verdampfungsprozesses der vorzugsweise aus einem Wolframfaden bestehenden Glühwendel wird nämlich durch die Verringerung des Wendelquerschnittes der Warmwiderstand der Glühwendel mit zunehmender Betriebszeit ansteigen und somit eine auswertbare Aussage über die noch verbleibende Lebens­dauer der Glühlampe abgeben. Zu diesem Zweck wird bei der in Fig.1 dargestellten Anordnung der bei der ersten Inbetrieb­nahme der Glühlampe 1 gemessene Warmwiderstand der Glühlampe 1 gespeichert. Die während des Betriebes gemessenen Warmwider­stände werden mit diesem Speicherwert verglichen. Bei Über­schreiten einer definierten, lampenabhängigen Differenz zwi­schen dem Warmwiderstand zum Zeitpunkt der ersten Inbetrieb­nahme und dem Warmwiderstand der aktuellen Messung wird eine Meldung abgegeben, die beispielsweise eine Aufforderung zum Austausch der Glühlampe 1 beinhaltet. Hierdurch ist es mög­lich, nicht erst den Totalausfall der Glühlampe 1 abzuwarten, sondern diese rechtzeitig auszutauschen, was insbesondere bei Lichtsignalanlagen zur Verkehrssteuerung von großer Bedeutung ist.With the arrangement described above, an impending failure of the incandescent lamp 1 can additionally be recognized by comparing the currently measured warm resistance with the warm resistance measured after the first start-up, so that tendency changes can be recognized. As a result of the evaporation process, which preferably consists of one Tungsten filament existing filament will namely increase the heat resistance of the filament by increasing the operating time by reducing the filament cross-section and thus give an evaluable statement about the remaining life of the filament lamp. For this purpose, in the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, the warm resistance of the incandescent lamp 1 measured when the incandescent lamp 1 was put into operation for the first time is stored. The warm resistances measured during operation are compared with this stored value. If a defined, lamp-dependent difference between the warm resistance at the time of the first start-up and the warm resistance of the current measurement is exceeded, a message is issued which contains, for example, a request to replace the incandescent lamp 1. This makes it possible not to wait for the total failure of the incandescent lamp 1, but to replace it in good time, which is particularly important in traffic signal systems for traffic control.

Bezugszeichenliste :Reference symbol list:

  • 1 Glühlampe1 light bulb
  • 2 Energiequelle2 energy source
  • 3 Leitung3 line
  • 3a Widerstand3a resistance
  • 4 Leitung4 line
  • 4a Widerstand4a resistance
  • 5 Strommesser5 ammeters
  • 6 Spannungsmesser6 voltmeters
  • 7 Auswerteschaltung7 evaluation circuit

Claims (4)

1. Anordnung zur Überwachung der Funktionsfähigkeit einer mittels Leitungen an eine Energiequelle angeschlossenen Glühlampe, wobei in ausgeschaltetem Zustand mit niedriger Energie ohne sichtbare Wirkung der Glühlampe und/oder im eingeschalteten Zustand durch Feststellung eines Energie­flusses jeweils die Durchgängigkeit des Stromkreises über­prüft wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Verhältnis des Widerstandes der Anordnung im ausge­schalteten Zustand der Glühlampe zum Widerstand der An­ordnung im eingeschalteten Zustand der Glühlampe ermittelt und mit dem für die jeweils zu überwachende Glühlampe gültigen Verhältnis des Kalt-Warm-Widerstandes unter Berücksichtigung der Leitungsverhältnisse zur Abgabe einer Meldung für das Überwachungsergebnis verglichen wird.1. Arrangement for monitoring the functionality of an incandescent lamp which is connected to an energy source by means of lines, the continuity of the circuit being checked by determining an energy flow in the switched-off state with low energy without any visible effect of the incandescent lamp and / or in the switched-on state,
characterized,
that the ratio of the resistance of the arrangement in the switched-off state of the incandescent lamp to the resistance of the arrangement in the switched-on state of the incandescent lamp is determined and with the ratio of the cold-warm resistance which is valid for the incandescent lamp to be monitored, taking into account the line conditions for submitting a message for the monitoring result is compared. 2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Widerstands-Soll-Verhältnis der jeweiligen Anordnung einmalig bei Inbetriebnahme der Anordnung ermittelt und als Vergleichswert für die Überwachungen während des Betriebes abgespeichert wird.2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the resistance-target ratio of the respective arrangement is determined once when the arrangement is started up and is stored as a comparison value for the monitoring during operation. 3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zu Beginn jedes Einschaltvorganges der Glühlampe eine Überprüfung durchgeführt wird.3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a check is carried out at the start of each switch-on of the incandescent lamp. 4. Anordnung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der bei der ersten Inbetrieb­nahme der Glühlampe gemessene Warmwiderstand der Glühlampe gespeichert wird, daß die während des Betriebes gemessenen Warmwiderstände mit diesem Speicherwert verglichen werden und daß bei Überschreiten einer vorgebbaren Differenz eine Meldung abgegeben wird.4. Arrangement according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the warm resistance of the incandescent lamp measured when the incandescent lamp is put into operation for the first time is stored, that the thermal resistances measured during operation are compared with this stored value and that a predetermined difference is exceeded Message is submitted.
EP89123950A 1989-12-27 1989-12-27 Device for checking the correct working of an incandescent lamp Expired - Lifetime EP0434859B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89123950T ATE91376T1 (en) 1989-12-27 1989-12-27 ARRANGEMENT FOR MONITORING THE FUNCTIONALITY OF A BULB.
DE8989123950T DE58904882D1 (en) 1989-12-27 1989-12-27 ARRANGEMENT FOR MONITORING THE OPERATIONALITY OF A BULB.
ES89123950T ES2042959T3 (en) 1989-12-27 1989-12-27 DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE FUNCTIONALITY OF AN INCANDESCENT LAMP.
EP89123950A EP0434859B1 (en) 1989-12-27 1989-12-27 Device for checking the correct working of an incandescent lamp

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89123950A EP0434859B1 (en) 1989-12-27 1989-12-27 Device for checking the correct working of an incandescent lamp

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0434859A1 true EP0434859A1 (en) 1991-07-03
EP0434859B1 EP0434859B1 (en) 1993-07-07

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ID=8202282

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89123950A Expired - Lifetime EP0434859B1 (en) 1989-12-27 1989-12-27 Device for checking the correct working of an incandescent lamp

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0434859B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE91376T1 (en)
DE (1) DE58904882D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2042959T3 (en)

Cited By (6)

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WO1994008438A1 (en) * 1992-09-25 1994-04-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Process and device for monitoring an incandescent lamp, especially in dark condition
DE4233664A1 (en) * 1992-10-07 1994-04-14 Elektrofachgeschaeft Hans Jahn Alarm system using halogen floodlight - has floodlight with housing having emitter connected to current supply, protects outside areas and triggers alarm on unauthorised tampering of floodlight
WO2003017728A1 (en) * 2001-08-16 2003-02-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Illuminated sign for traffic control and method for functional monitoring of such a sign
DE10256894A1 (en) * 2002-11-29 2004-06-09 Volkswagen Ag Diagnostics device for diagnostic tests on a motor vehicle's headlamp or rear lamp has a testing device for detecting a lamp's operating capacity evaluated by a device to determine likely failure
DE10332515A1 (en) * 2003-07-17 2005-02-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Spectroscopic sensor lamp ageing data determination procedure for air conditioning plant carbon dioxide sensors measures electrical resistance for comparison with threshold
DE102007003575A1 (en) * 2006-01-24 2007-08-02 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Lighting control device for a vehicle lighting device

Families Citing this family (2)

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GB0204836D0 (en) 2002-03-01 2002-04-17 Tapeswitch Ltd Lamp monitor and lamp
DE102005032637A1 (en) * 2005-07-13 2007-01-25 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Anti-theft alarm system for a motor vehicle

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DE3121311A1 (en) * 1981-05-29 1983-01-27 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Method for determining the failure characteristic of a lamp circuit, and a circuit arrangement for carrying out the method
GB2168211A (en) * 1984-11-19 1986-06-11 Nissan Motor Electrical load condition determining apparatus
DE3601665A1 (en) * 1986-01-21 1987-07-23 Gerda Schmidt Method for determining the optimum operating life of at least one current-consuming light source, especially a fluorescent tube
EP0246614A2 (en) * 1986-05-22 1987-11-25 ZELTRON - Istituto Zanussi per la Ricerca S.p.A. Apparatus and method for testing incandescent lamps having a glass bulb

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DE3121311A1 (en) * 1981-05-29 1983-01-27 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Method for determining the failure characteristic of a lamp circuit, and a circuit arrangement for carrying out the method
GB2168211A (en) * 1984-11-19 1986-06-11 Nissan Motor Electrical load condition determining apparatus
DE3601665A1 (en) * 1986-01-21 1987-07-23 Gerda Schmidt Method for determining the optimum operating life of at least one current-consuming light source, especially a fluorescent tube
EP0246614A2 (en) * 1986-05-22 1987-11-25 ZELTRON - Istituto Zanussi per la Ricerca S.p.A. Apparatus and method for testing incandescent lamps having a glass bulb

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994008438A1 (en) * 1992-09-25 1994-04-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Process and device for monitoring an incandescent lamp, especially in dark condition
DE4233664A1 (en) * 1992-10-07 1994-04-14 Elektrofachgeschaeft Hans Jahn Alarm system using halogen floodlight - has floodlight with housing having emitter connected to current supply, protects outside areas and triggers alarm on unauthorised tampering of floodlight
WO2003017728A1 (en) * 2001-08-16 2003-02-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Illuminated sign for traffic control and method for functional monitoring of such a sign
US7129856B2 (en) 2001-08-16 2006-10-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Illuminated sign for traffic control and method for functional monitoring of such a sign
DE10256894A1 (en) * 2002-11-29 2004-06-09 Volkswagen Ag Diagnostics device for diagnostic tests on a motor vehicle's headlamp or rear lamp has a testing device for detecting a lamp's operating capacity evaluated by a device to determine likely failure
DE10332515A1 (en) * 2003-07-17 2005-02-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Spectroscopic sensor lamp ageing data determination procedure for air conditioning plant carbon dioxide sensors measures electrical resistance for comparison with threshold
DE102007003575A1 (en) * 2006-01-24 2007-08-02 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Lighting control device for a vehicle lighting device
DE102007003575B4 (en) * 2006-01-24 2009-01-29 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Lighting control device for a vehicle lighting device
US7528553B2 (en) 2006-01-24 2009-05-05 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Lighting control apparatus for vehicle lighting device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58904882D1 (en) 1993-08-12
ATE91376T1 (en) 1993-07-15
EP0434859B1 (en) 1993-07-07
ES2042959T3 (en) 1993-12-16

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