EP0428964B1 - Sealant mass for casting ladle nozzle using a sliding gate and method for its manufacturing - Google Patents
Sealant mass for casting ladle nozzle using a sliding gate and method for its manufacturing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0428964B1 EP0428964B1 EP90121557A EP90121557A EP0428964B1 EP 0428964 B1 EP0428964 B1 EP 0428964B1 EP 90121557 A EP90121557 A EP 90121557A EP 90121557 A EP90121557 A EP 90121557A EP 0428964 B1 EP0428964 B1 EP 0428964B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- approximately
- slide gate
- slide
- carbon black
- composition according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/44—Consumable closure means, i.e. closure means being used only once
- B22D41/46—Refractory plugging masses
Definitions
- the invention relates to a dome-forming slide filling compound which can be used to protect the slide for closing the pouring opening in a tundish and which consists of chrome ore sand, quartz sand, a fine-grained auxiliary substance which improves the dome formation and / or the flowability of the composition and inevitable impurities.
- Casting troughs for metal and / or cast steel generally have a tube-like elongated pouring spout on the underside, which can be closed at its end by a slide.
- the liquid metal When loading the tundish with a new batch of melt with the slide closed, the liquid metal would first enter the pouring spout and the slide, would cool down there first and block the slide for further actuation.
- Dome-forming slide filling compounds have the property that they sinter or cake together in the area of contact with the melt to form a kind of crust that prevents the melt from penetrating into the rest of the slide filling compound.
- the aim is for this crust to form in relation to the melt in the form of a convex dome, which better absorbs the hydrostatic pressure of the melt. So much slide filling compound is used that there is still a slightly rounded pile of this material above the pouring spout on the bottom of the tundish.
- Dome-forming slide filling compounds are therefore subject to two requirements: on the one hand, they should form the sintered, dome-like crust, on the other hand, they should remain so free-flowing below the crust that the non-encrusted part of the slide filling compound leaves the pouring spout immediately after opening the pouring spool, so that it now Dome-shaped crust no longer supported from below breaks under the hydrostatic pressure of the melt and releases the casting process.
- dome-forming slide filling compound which contains 3-10% by weight of carbon in the form of electrode carbon, electrode coke and / or coking coal as the dome-forming additive.
- US-A-4 113 501 describes a u.a. also formable sealing compound for slide inlets with a proportion of a carbon material of 1-5%, for which, in the context of a list, materials which are apparently regarded as equivalent are also called carbon black.
- this known sealing compound additionally requires an organic adhesive or binding agent, by means of which a uniform coating on the particles of the refractory material used in the rest is to be produced. A carbon content of less than 1% is considered insufficient to achieve the desired effect together with the adhesive.
- the invention has for its object to provide a dome-forming slide filling compound which ensures good dome formation, remains highly trickle in the rest of the area, does not generate any significant carburization of the melt, but also does not contain any separately added fine iron oxide powder.
- the slide filling compound according to the invention is particularly suitable for long treatment times.
- a soot has been particularly suitable as an additive.
- This is expediently a soot, which has ashing residues of 0.05% and a BET surface area of about 20 m 2 / g.
- the carbon black used should preferably also have a pH value in the region of 7.
- the slide filling compound preferably contains 0.1-1.9% carbon black, 50-80% chrome ore sand and the rest quartz sand and inevitable impurities.
- the exact ratio of the components of the slide filling compound to each other is to be determined by tests for a special ladle and for a specific casting task. There should be a sufficient but not too extensive reduction of the chrome ores and the sintering should only take place in the area of contact between the slider filler and the melt.
- the chrome ore is preferably 44-52% chromium trioxide (Cr2O3) with a grain size of up to 1 mm.
- the chromium ore fraction has the following fractionation: 0.5 - 1 mm approx. 10% 0.25 - 0.5 mm approx. 50-65% 0.125 - 0.25 mm approx. 26-41% ⁇ 0.125 mm approx. 3-11%
- the quartz sand content is also expediently chosen to be very pure, it should consist of over 98% SiO2 and have a grain size of 0.5-1.5 mm.
- a preferred grain size distribution of SiO2 is as follows: 1.25 - 1.5 mm approx. 2.0% 1.0 - 1.25 mm approx. 41.1%, 0.5 - 1.0 mm approx. 55.8%.
- Another advantage of the present invention resides in the fact that the soot chosen has all the grains of the mixture due to its great fineness encased and so the flowability can be increased considerably.
- soot gas ifies when it comes into contact with the liquid steel and the resulting gas isolates the rest of the gate valve fillers from contact with the melt.
- A denotes a conventional slide filling compound that contains carburizing material made of pitch or anthracite in a grain size of 1-4 mm.
- the slide filler compound B according to the invention contains carbon black which has a pH of 7, ashing residues of 0.05 and a BET surface area (m2 / g) of 20.
- Table 1 clearly shows the improved flow properties of the slide filling compound according to the invention. TABLE 1 Opening angle (%) Weight (g) Time (sec) Flowability (g / sec) A B A B A B 35 2170 2140 32 19th 67.8 112.6 40 2115 2105 20th 19th 105.8 110.8 50 2120 2190 14 13 151.4 160.5
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine zum Schutz des Schiebers für das Verschließen der Gießöffnung in einer Gießwanne einsetzbare kuppelbildende Schieberfüllmasse, die aus Chromerzsand, Quarzsand einem die Kuppelbildung und/oder die Rieselfähigkeit der Masse verbessernden, feinkörnigen Hilfsstoff und unvermeidlichen Verunreinigungen besteht.The invention relates to a dome-forming slide filling compound which can be used to protect the slide for closing the pouring opening in a tundish and which consists of chrome ore sand, quartz sand, a fine-grained auxiliary substance which improves the dome formation and / or the flowability of the composition and inevitable impurities.
Gießwannen für Metall- und/oder Stahlguß haben im allgemeinen an der Unterseite einen rohrartig verlängerten Gießstutzen, der an seinem Ende durch einen Schieber verschließbar ist. Beim Beschicken der Gießwanne mit einer neuen Schmelzcharge bei geschlossenem Schieber würde das flüssige Metall zuerst in den Gießauslauf und zum Schieber gelangen, würde dort zuerst erkalten und den Schieber für eine weitere Betätigung blockieren. Man füllt daher den Gießstutzen über dem geschlossenen Schieber mit einem rieselfähigen Material, welches bei geschlossenem Schieber die Schmelze vom Schieber fernhält, welches nach Öffnen des Schiebers aber aus dem Gießstutzen hinausrieselt und diesen für den Schmelzdurchfluß freigibt. Kuppelbildende Schieberfüllmassen haben die Eigenschaft, daß sie im Berührungsbereich mit der Schmelze zu einer Art Kruste zusammensintern oder zusammenbacken, die das Eindringen der Schmelze in den Rest der Schieberfüllmasse verhindert. Man strebt dabei an, daß sich diese Kruste gegenüber der Schmelze in Form einer konvexen Kuppel ausbildet, die den hydrostatischen Druck der Schmelze besser aufnimmt. Man verwendet daher so viel Schieberfüllmasse, daß sich oberhalb des Gießstutzens auf dem Boden der Gießwanne noch ein leicht abgerundeter Haufen dieses Materials befindet.Casting troughs for metal and / or cast steel generally have a tube-like elongated pouring spout on the underside, which can be closed at its end by a slide. When loading the tundish with a new batch of melt with the slide closed, the liquid metal would first enter the pouring spout and the slide, would cool down there first and block the slide for further actuation. One therefore fills the pouring spout over the closed slide with a free-flowing material which keeps the melt away from the slide when the slide is closed, but which trickles out of the pouring spout after opening the slide and releases it for the melt flow. Dome-forming slide filling compounds have the property that they sinter or cake together in the area of contact with the melt to form a kind of crust that prevents the melt from penetrating into the rest of the slide filling compound. The aim is for this crust to form in relation to the melt in the form of a convex dome, which better absorbs the hydrostatic pressure of the melt. So much slide filling compound is used that there is still a slightly rounded pile of this material above the pouring spout on the bottom of the tundish.
An kuppelbildende Schieberfüllmassen werden daher zwei Anforderungen gestellt: einmal sollen sie die zusammengesinterte, kuppelartige Kruste bilden, zum andern sollen sie unterhalb der Kruste derart rieselfähig bleiben, daß der nicht verkrustete Teil der Schieberfüllmasse nach Öffnen des Gießschiebers unmittelbar den Gießstutzen verläßt, so daß die nun nicht mehr von unten abgestützte kuppelförmige Kruste unter den hydrostatischen Druck der Schmelze zerbricht und den Gießvorgang freigibt.Dome-forming slide filling compounds are therefore subject to two requirements: on the one hand, they should form the sintered, dome-like crust, on the other hand, they should remain so free-flowing below the crust that the non-encrusted part of the slide filling compound leaves the pouring spout immediately after opening the pouring spool, so that it now Dome-shaped crust no longer supported from below breaks under the hydrostatic pressure of the melt and releases the casting process.
Aus der DE-A-32 14 168 ist eine solche kuppelbildende Schieberfüllmasse bekannt, die als kuppelbildenden Zusatzstoff 3-10 Gew.-% Kohlenstoff in Form von Elektrodenkohle, Elektrodenkoks und/oder Kokskohle enthält.From DE-A-32 14 168 such a dome-forming slide filling compound is known which contains 3-10% by weight of carbon in the form of electrode carbon, electrode coke and / or coking coal as the dome-forming additive.
Die US-A-4 113 501 beschreibt eine u.a. auch formbare Dichtungsmasse für Schiebereinläufe mit einem Anteil eines Kohlenstoffmaterials von 1-5 %, für welches im Rahmen einer Aufzählung offenbar als gleichwertig angesehener Materialien auch Ruß genannt wird. Diese bekannte Dichtmasse verlangt aber zusätzlich zwingend ein organisches Haft- oder Bindemittel, durch welches ein gleichmäßiger Überzug auf den Teilchen des im übrigen verwendeten Feuerfestmaterials erzeugt werden soll. Ein Kohlenstoffanteil von unter 1 % wird als nicht ausreichend angesehen, um zusammen mit dem Haftmittel die angestrebte Wirkung zu erzielen.US-A-4 113 501 describes a u.a. also formable sealing compound for slide inlets with a proportion of a carbon material of 1-5%, for which, in the context of a list, materials which are apparently regarded as equivalent are also called carbon black. However, this known sealing compound additionally requires an organic adhesive or binding agent, by means of which a uniform coating on the particles of the refractory material used in the rest is to be produced. A carbon content of less than 1% is considered insufficient to achieve the desired effect together with the adhesive.
Insbesondere beim Stahlgießen ist die Anwesenheit von Kohle nachteilig, da hierdurch eine die Zulässigkeitsgrenzen überschreitende Aufkohlung der Stahlschmelze erfolgen kann. Man hat deshalb versucht, die Kuppelbildung durch andere Zusatzstoffe zu erreichen. Relativ befriedigende Ergebnisse wurden mit einer kuppelbildenden Schieberfüllmasse erzielt, wie sie in der DE-A-34 19 306 beschrieben ist. Diese Schieberfüllmasse enthält als feinkörnigen Hilfsstoff Eisenoxid, aber keine Kohle. Diese eisenoxidhaltige Schieberfüllmasse ist jedoch nicht in allen Fällen einsetzbar, da je nach Art der Schmelze darauf zu achten ist, daß sie nicht durch bestimmte Stoffe verunreinigt wird.In the case of steel casting in particular, the presence of coal is disadvantageous, since this can cause the steel melt to carburize beyond the permissible limits. One has therefore tried to form the dome by others To achieve additives. Relatively satisfactory results have been achieved with a dome-forming slide filling compound as described in DE-A-34 19 306. This slide filling compound contains iron oxide as a fine-grained auxiliary, but no coal. However, this slide filling compound containing iron oxide cannot be used in all cases, since depending on the type of melt it must be ensured that it is not contaminated by certain substances.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine kuppelbildende Schieberfüllmasse bereitzustellen, die eine gute Kuppelbildung gewährleistet, im übrigen Bereich hochrieselfähig bleibt, keine nennenswerte Aufkohlung der Schmelze erzeugt, aber auch kein separat zugesetztes feines Eisenoxidpulver enthält.The invention has for its object to provide a dome-forming slide filling compound which ensures good dome formation, remains highly trickle in the rest of the area, does not generate any significant carburization of the melt, but also does not contain any separately added fine iron oxide powder.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Schieberfüllmasse gemäß dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a slide filling compound according to the characterizing part of patent claim 1.
Es hat sich erstaunlicherweise herausgestellt, daß die angestrebten Anforderungen von einem ganz bestimmten, kohlenstoffhaltigen Material, nämlich Ruß, erfüllt werden, obwohl der Einsatz von Kohlenstoff wegen der Gefahr des Aufkohlens einer Stahlschmelze gerade vermieden werden sollte.It has surprisingly turned out that the desired requirements are met by a very specific, carbon-containing material, namely carbon black, although the use of carbon should be avoided precisely because of the risk of carburizing a molten steel.
Einerseits stellte sich heraus, daß bei Verwendung von Ruß eine Zusatzmenge ausreicht, die signifikant unterhalb der Kohlenstoffmenge liegt, wie sie beispielsweise in der DE-A-32 14 168 angegeben ist. Abgesehen von den nur geringen erforderlichen Zusatzmengen scheint der Ruß teilweise beim Kontakt mit dem flüssigen Stahl zu vergasen, wobei das entstehende Gas den Rest der Schieberfüllmasse gegen die Schmelze isoliert, so daß weiterer Kohlenstoff aus der übrigen Schieberfüllmasse nicht mehr in die Schmelze gelangt, wodurch trotz der Verwendung eines kohlenstoffhaltigen Materials der Aufkohlungseffekt äußerst gering bleibt. Wegen dieser unerwarteten Eigenschaft eignet sich die erfindungsgemäße Schieberfüllmasse insbesondere auch für lange Behandlungszeiten.On the one hand, it was found that when carbon black is used, an additional amount is sufficient that is significantly below the amount of carbon, as specified, for example, in DE-A-32 14 168. Apart from the small additional amounts required, the soot appears to be partly in contact with gasify the molten steel, the resulting gas isolating the rest of the slide filler mass from the melt, so that further carbon from the remaining slide filler mass does not get into the melt, whereby the carburizing effect remains extremely low despite the use of a carbonaceous material. Because of this unexpected property, the slide filling compound according to the invention is particularly suitable for long treatment times.
Insbesondere hat sich als Zusatzstoff ein Flammruß geeignet. Dabei handelt es sich zweckmäßigerweise um einen Flammruß, der Veraschungsrückstände von 0,05 % und eine BET-Oberfläche von etwa 20 m²/g aufweist. Da zweckmäßigerweise ein Chromerzsand mit einem pH-Wert zwischen 7 und 9 verwendet wird, sollte vorzugsweise auch der verwendete Ruß einen pH-Wert in der Gegend von 7 aufweisen.A soot has been particularly suitable as an additive. This is expediently a soot, which has ashing residues of 0.05% and a BET surface area of about 20 m 2 / g. Since a chromium ore sand with a pH value between 7 and 9 is expediently used, the carbon black used should preferably also have a pH value in the region of 7.
Es sei darauf hingewiesen, daß alle Prozentangaben in dieser Anmeldung Gewichtsprozente sind.It should be noted that all percentages in this application are percentages by weight.
Vorzugsweise enthalt die Schieberfüllmasse 0,1-1,9 % Ruß, 50-80 % Chromerzsand und als Rest Quarzsand und unvermeidliche Verunreinigungen. Das genaue Verhältnis der Komponenten der Schieberfüllmasse zueinander im einzelnen ist durch Versuche für eine spezielle Gießpfanne sowie für eine spezielle gießtechnische Aufgabe zu bestimmen. Es soll eine ausreichende, aber nicht zu weitgehende Reduzierung der Chromerze erfolgen und die Versinterung nur im Berührungsbereich zwischen Schieberfüllmasse und Schmelze stattfinden.The slide filling compound preferably contains 0.1-1.9% carbon black, 50-80% chrome ore sand and the rest quartz sand and inevitable impurities. The exact ratio of the components of the slide filling compound to each other is to be determined by tests for a special ladle and for a specific casting task. There should be a sufficient but not too extensive reduction of the chrome ores and the sintering should only take place in the area of contact between the slider filler and the melt.
Der Chromerzanteil besteht vorzugsweise zu 44-52 % aus Chromtrioxid (Cr₂O₃) bei einer Korngröße von bis zu 1 mm.The chrome ore is preferably 44-52% chromium trioxide (Cr₂O₃) with a grain size of up to 1 mm.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform besitzt der Chromerzanteil folgende Fraktionierung:
0,5 - 1 mm ca. 10 %
0,25 - 0,5 mm ca. 50-65 %
0,125 - 0,25 mm ca. 26-41 %
< 0,125 mm ca. 3-11 %
Auch der Quarzsandanteil wird zweckmäßigerweise sehr rein gewählt, er soll zu über 98% aus SiO₂ bestehen und eine Korngröße von 0,5 - 1,5 mm aufweisen.In a preferred embodiment, the chromium ore fraction has the following fractionation:
0.5 - 1 mm approx. 10%
0.25 - 0.5 mm approx. 50-65%
0.125 - 0.25 mm approx. 26-41%
<0.125 mm approx. 3-11%
The quartz sand content is also expediently chosen to be very pure, it should consist of over 98% SiO₂ and have a grain size of 0.5-1.5 mm.
Eine bevorzugte Korngrößenverteilung des SiO₂ ist folgendermaßen:
1,25 - 1,5 mm ca. 2,O %,
1,0 - 1,25 mm ca. 41,1 %,
0,5 - 1,O mm ca. 55,8 %.A preferred grain size distribution of SiO₂ is as follows:
1.25 - 1.5 mm approx. 2.0%
1.0 - 1.25 mm approx. 41.1%,
0.5 - 1.0 mm approx. 55.8%.
Bei langen bzw. längsten Behandlungszeiten (beispielsweise Pfannenöfen, Vakuumanlagen) läßt sich durch Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Schieberfüllmassen eine nahezu 100%ige Öffnungsrate erzielen.In the case of long or longest treatment times (for example pan ovens, vacuum systems), an almost 100% opening rate can be achieved by using the slide filling compounds according to the invention.
Ein weiterer Vorteil der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt in der Tatsache, daß der gewählte Ruß alle Körner der Mischung durch seine große Feinheit umhüllt und so die Rieselfähigkeit beträchtlich gesteigert werden kann.Another advantage of the present invention resides in the fact that the soot chosen has all the grains of the mixture due to its great fineness encased and so the flowability can be increased considerably.
Zudem vergast der Ruß beim Kontakt mit dem flüssigen Stahl und das entstehende Gas isoliert auf diese Weise den Rest der Schieberfüllmassen gegen Kontakt mit der Schmelze.In addition, the soot gasifies when it comes into contact with the liquid steel and the resulting gas isolates the rest of the gate valve fillers from contact with the melt.
Nachfolgend solle anhand einer Tabelle die verbesserte Rieselfähigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Schieberfüllmassen gezeigt werden.The table below shows the improved free-flowing properties of the slide filling compounds according to the invention.
Dabei bezeichnet A eine herkömmliche Schieberfüllmasse, die aus Pech oder Anthrazit hergestelltes Aufkohlungsmaterial in einer Korngröße von 1-4 mm enthält.A denotes a conventional slide filling compound that contains carburizing material made of pitch or anthracite in a grain size of 1-4 mm.
Die erfindungsgemäße Schieberfüllmasse B enthält Ruß, der einen pH-Wert von 7, Veraschungsrückstände von 0.05 und eine BET-Oberfläche (m²/g) von 20 aufweist.The slide filler compound B according to the invention contains carbon black which has a pH of 7, ashing residues of 0.05 and a BET surface area (m² / g) of 20.
Aus Tabelle 1 läßt sich deutlich die verbesserte Rieselfähigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Schieberfüllmasse entnehmen.
Claims (7)
- Dome forming slide gate filling composition for teeming ladles, comprising chrome ore sand, arenaceous quartz, a fine-grained auxiliary material which increases the dome formation and/or the pourability of a composition, and inevitable impurities, characterized in that a carbon black constitutes the said auxiliary material.
- Slide gate filling composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains 0.1 - 1.9 % carbon black, 50 - 80 % chrome ore sand, the balance being arenaceous quartz and inevitable impurities.
- Slide gate filling composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said carbon black is a flame carbon black.
- Slide gate filling composition according to claim 3, characterized in that said carbon black has a pH-value of 7, ashing residues of 0.05 % and a BET-surface of 20 m²/g.
- Slide gate filling composition according to anyone of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the chrome ore consists of 44 - 52 % Cr₂O₃ and has a particle size of up to 1 mm.
- Slide gate filling composition according to anyone of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the chrome ore has the fowolling particle size distribution:
1.0 - 0.5 mm approximately 10%
0.5 - 0,25 mm approximately 50 - 65 %
0.25-0.125 mm approximately 26 - 41 %
< 0.125 mm approximately 3 - 11% - Slide gate filling composition according to anyone of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the content of arenaceous quartz consists of more than 98 % SiO₂ and in that it has a particle size of 0.5 - 1.5 mm in the following particle size distribution:
1.25 - 1.5 mm approximately 2.0 %
1.0 - 1.25 mm approximately 41.1 %
0.5 - 1.0 mm approximately 55.8 %
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3938050 | 1989-11-16 | ||
| DE3938050A DE3938050A1 (en) | 1989-11-16 | 1989-11-16 | COUPLING VALVE VALVE FOR COUPLING AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0428964A2 EP0428964A2 (en) | 1991-05-29 |
| EP0428964A3 EP0428964A3 (en) | 1991-10-02 |
| EP0428964B1 true EP0428964B1 (en) | 1995-09-06 |
Family
ID=6393606
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90121557A Expired - Lifetime EP0428964B1 (en) | 1989-11-16 | 1990-11-10 | Sealant mass for casting ladle nozzle using a sliding gate and method for its manufacturing |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5124285A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0428964B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3938050A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA903331B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10128699B4 (en) * | 2001-06-07 | 2005-06-02 | Dislich, Margrit, Dr. | Dome-forming slider filling compound |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6051514A (en) * | 1995-08-09 | 2000-04-18 | Yamakawa Sangyo Co., Ltd. | Sliding nozzle filler |
| US5614450A (en) * | 1995-09-27 | 1997-03-25 | Britt; James M. | Spout-filling composition and method for applying |
| EP1201336A4 (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2004-08-18 | Jfe Steel Corp | Padding sand for sliding opening/closing unit of ladle |
| JP2005088022A (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-04-07 | Yamakawa Sangyo Kk | Plugging-material for slidable opening/closing device of ladle |
| DE102007045648A1 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-16 | Abt Aufbereitungstechnik Gmbh | Coating for refractory materials |
| US20110315808A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 | 2011-12-29 | Zelinski Brian J | Solid solution-based nanocomposite optical ceramic materials |
| US8445822B2 (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2013-05-21 | Raytheon Company | One-piece Nano/Nano class Nanocomposite Optical Ceramic (NNOC) extended dome having seamless non-complementary geometries for electro-optic sensors |
| US9012823B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2015-04-21 | Raytheon Company | Vehicle having a nanocomposite optical ceramic dome |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3944116A (en) * | 1972-05-05 | 1976-03-16 | Luigi Danieli | Process and device for aiding in opening the tundish nozzle in a continuous casting system |
| US4113501A (en) * | 1977-07-28 | 1978-09-12 | Yoshito Edamoto | Temporary sealant of a nozzle opening of sliding nozzle |
| DE2832061A1 (en) * | 1978-07-21 | 1980-01-31 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | TELESCOPIC ANTENNA TELESCOPEABLE OR EXTENDED BY A DC MOTOR |
| US4222782A (en) * | 1979-09-04 | 1980-09-16 | Norton Company | Refractory ramming mix containing aluminum powder for metal melting furnaces |
| DE3214168C1 (en) * | 1982-04-17 | 1984-01-05 | Dislich, Heinz, 4100 Duisburg | Slider filling compound for ladles |
| DE3419306C1 (en) * | 1984-05-24 | 1986-01-02 | Dislich, Heinz, 4100 Duisburg | Dome-forming slide filler for casting ladles |
| DE3629997A1 (en) * | 1986-09-03 | 1988-03-17 | Dislich Geb Hoyer Margrit Dr | Method of operating a metallurgical vessel |
| JPH07139466A (en) * | 1993-11-17 | 1995-05-30 | Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd | Locking device for cover of electrical equipment of compressor |
-
1989
- 1989-11-16 DE DE3938050A patent/DE3938050A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-05-02 ZA ZA903331A patent/ZA903331B/en unknown
- 1990-10-10 US US07/595,096 patent/US5124285A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-10 DE DE59009622T patent/DE59009622D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-10 EP EP90121557A patent/EP0428964B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10128699B4 (en) * | 2001-06-07 | 2005-06-02 | Dislich, Margrit, Dr. | Dome-forming slider filling compound |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59009622D1 (en) | 1995-10-12 |
| EP0428964A2 (en) | 1991-05-29 |
| ZA903331B (en) | 1991-02-27 |
| DE3938050A1 (en) | 1991-05-23 |
| EP0428964A3 (en) | 1991-10-02 |
| US5124285A (en) | 1992-06-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE2703159C2 (en) | ||
| EP0428964B1 (en) | Sealant mass for casting ladle nozzle using a sliding gate and method for its manufacturing | |
| DE2719743A1 (en) | BINDER COMPOSITION AND ITS USE | |
| DE1783134A1 (en) | Process for the production of hard alloys | |
| DE3822509A1 (en) | VACUUM INTERRUPTER CONTACTS | |
| LU83595A1 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING SILICON FROM QUARTZ AND CARBON IN THE ELECTRIC OVEN | |
| DE3214168C1 (en) | Slider filling compound for ladles | |
| EP0659507A1 (en) | Cobalt metal powder and composite sintered article made thereby | |
| DE3330389A1 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING AND USING AN AMORPHOUS MOTHER ALLOY | |
| EP0678591B1 (en) | Process for the production of an indium-tin oxide target | |
| DE3322636A1 (en) | USE OF A SINTER MIXTURE FOR POURING NOZZLES | |
| DE2550428A1 (en) | SLIDING PART AND SINTERING PROCESS FOR ITS PRODUCTION | |
| DE3875833T2 (en) | SLIDE LOCK FOR SPECIAL STEEL. | |
| DE1533852B2 (en) | Briquetting of sponge iron | |
| DE2061485A1 (en) | Heat and corrosion-resistant, chromium-rich, nickel-containing alloy with a content of a hard-to-melt carbide produced by powder metallurgical sintering | |
| DE1483633C2 (en) | Lining for a mold attachment | |
| DE102005049328B4 (en) | Material mixture, sputtering target, process for its preparation and use of the material mixture | |
| DE3101168A1 (en) | "METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CARBONING AGENTS WITH INCREASED SPEED OF RESOLUTION" | |
| EP0151950B1 (en) | Pouring powder for steel continuous casting and method of steel continuous casting | |
| DE1646837B1 (en) | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING REFRACTORY, IN PARTICULAR UNBURNED MAGNESITE CHROME AND CHROME MAGNESITE STONES | |
| DE3316347C2 (en) | Process for producing coke | |
| DE2154955B2 (en) | Use of lignite coke pellets for sintering and process for producing these pellets | |
| DE1558225C3 (en) | Use of Spharohth or a mixture of fly ash with an addition of Spharohth for casting powder for mold casting | |
| DE2721631A1 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING TITANIUM CARBIDE HARD MATERIAL | |
| DE2321810C3 (en) | Fireproof molded articles and processes for their manufacture |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR IT LI LU NL |
|
| PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR IT LI LU NL |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19920328 |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19921217 |
|
| RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): BE DE FR LU NL |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE DE FR LU NL |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19950906 |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59009622 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19951012 |
|
| ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
| NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed | ||
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20061117 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20061122 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Payment date: 20061124 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20061201 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
| BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *DISLICH MARGRIT Effective date: 20071130 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20071130 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080603 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20080930 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20071130 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20071110 |