EP0428887A1 - Process for producing a bonded ski - Google Patents

Process for producing a bonded ski Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0428887A1
EP0428887A1 EP90120350A EP90120350A EP0428887A1 EP 0428887 A1 EP0428887 A1 EP 0428887A1 EP 90120350 A EP90120350 A EP 90120350A EP 90120350 A EP90120350 A EP 90120350A EP 0428887 A1 EP0428887 A1 EP 0428887A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
film
adhesive
polymer
copolymer
grafted
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EP90120350A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0428887B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Nurit
Gilles Recher
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Salomon SAS
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Salomon SAS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C5/00—Skis or snowboards
    • A63C5/12—Making thereof; Selection of particular materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of skis used in winter sports, and intended to slide on snow and ice.
  • the structure generally comprises peripheral protective elements, forming the upper face and the lateral faces of the ski, internal resistance elements or resistance blades, made of a material having high resistance and great stiffness.
  • the structure also includes filling elements such as a honeycomb core, and a sliding sole forming the underside of the ski and ensuring good sliding on the snow.
  • the manufacture of modern skis therefore uses a wide variety of materials: the gliding soles are generally made of polyethylene; the alveolar cores are made of wood or synthetic foam; the edges arranged on the lower edges of the ski are made of steel; reinforcements are often provided in aluminum alloy; the upper surfaces of the ski are made of thermoplastic sheet.
  • the two binders mainly used are epoxies and polyurethanes.
  • binders are not sufficient to easily adhere all the materials that one wishes to use in the composition of a modern ski. To obtain adhesion on certain materials, surface treatments or primers must be used to promote adhesion.
  • the primers are initially in solution in solvents: the solvents react on the substrates to which the primer is applied, causing risks of embrittlement; in in addition, during their evaporation, they are aggressive towards users, they risk causing accidents, and cause harmful pollution.
  • the application of primers must also be carried out with great regularity, in order to obtain a layer of constant thickness, which leads to complex and difficult operations.
  • the primer once applied to a substrate, requires using the substrate relatively quickly for the manufacture of the ski, excluding long-term storage.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to avoid the drawbacks of known methods, by proposing a new method and a manufacturing and a new ski structure allowing bonding on practically all surfaces of the components of the ski, without requiring surface treatments or coating of primers.
  • the invention allows the bonding of a polyamide sheet as the upper ski surface, by bonding using an epoxy adhesive, a polyester adhesive, or a vinylester adhesive.
  • the method of manufacturing a ski according to the present invention comprises a step of assembling at least two elements by the action of a layer of adhesive between the joining surfaces of the two elements. ; according to the invention, there is interposed between the adhesive layer and the junction surface of one or less of the elements a film in the solid state comprising at least one layer based on grafted polymer or copolymer giving the film properties of compatibility with glue.
  • the film will be called subsequently in the text "compatibilizing" film.
  • the film is advantageously based on polymer or copolymer grafted by the action of carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or carboxylic acid ester.
  • a polymer can usefully be grafted by the action of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or maleic anhydride, or by a combination of two or three of these products.
  • the grafted polymer can be a polyethylene.
  • the grafted polymer can be a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA).
  • EVA vinyl acetate
  • ionomer-based film after grafting with an acid, we can neutralize with metal ions such as sodium, zinc or others to obtain an ionomer-based film.
  • an epoxy adhesive or a polyester adhesive to assemble by bonding, with the interposition of such a film based on grafted polyethylene, a first element consisting of one of the following materials: polyamide, untreated polyethylene , polyethylene terephthalate, polybutadiene terephthalate, polypropylene, aluminum alloy, treated aluminum or steel.
  • the method of the invention allows the assembly of a first element 1 and a second element 2, according to their respective joining surfaces 3 and 4, by means of 'a layer of glue 5 interposed between said junction surfaces 3 and 4.
  • the second element 2 is assumed to be compatible with the glue 5, that is to say that the glue 5 has good adhesion on the second element 2.
  • the first element 1 is made of a material which may not have good compatibility with the adhesive 5, that is to say that the adhesive 5 does not have good adhesion on the junction surface. 3 of the first element 1.
  • the first element 1 not having a good adhesion power with the adhesive 5
  • the film 6 is hot-melt.
  • the film 6 must have a bonding face, or face oriented towards the adhesive 5, in a material such that the adhesive 5 has good adhesive power on the film 6.
  • the film must also include an assembly face, or face oriented towards the junction surface 3 of the first element 1, in a material allowing its joining with said junction surface 3 of the first element 1.
  • connection between the film 6 and the first element 1 can be ensured by a chemical or physicochemical bond or by interdiffusion of the polymer chains, or by mechanical anchoring, or by welding.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 a first possibility, represented in FIGS. 1 to 4, consists in coating the joining surface 4 of the second element 2 with an adhesive 5, as shown in FIG. 3, before assembly by pressing the adhesive layer 5 against the film 6 and obtaining the assembly shown in FIG. 4.
  • a second way of ensuring the joining between the film and the second element 2 can be provided in the case where the second element 2 comprises a junction surface 4 based on polyester resin which is not entirely crosslinked. It is then possible to apply the junction surface 4 of the second element 2 directly against the film 6, and, by heating, the not entirely crosslinked resin of the second element 2 itself ensures the bonding function, the adhesion being obtained by complementing crosslinking of said resin.
  • the film 6 can advantageously be produced by an electrostatic powdering process.
  • a very thin film 6 can be used, with a thickness advantageously between a few microns and a few tenths of a millimeter: a thickness of a few microns may be sufficient.
  • Such a film 6 can in particular be made of grafted polyethylene, for example of polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride.
  • This embodiment allows, for example, to ensure the bonding by an epoxy adhesive or a polyester adhesive of a first element 1, the junction surface of which is made of one of the following materials: polyrnide, untreated polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybuta diene terephthalate, polypropylene, treated aluminum, aluminum alloy or steel.
  • the film 6 can consist of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA), grafted by the action of carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid anhydride.
  • EVA vinyl acetate
  • a film based on an ionomer can advantageously be used for bonding with an epoxy adhesive or a polyester adhesive of a first element 1, the junction surface of which consists of one of the following materials: untreated polyethylene, aluminum alloy, aluminum treated or steel.
  • a “compatibilizing” film 6 of polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride allows the bonding of a first polyamide element 1 with an adhesive 5 of epoxy resin.
  • the reaction leads to the substitution of the oxygen atom of the maleic cycle by the aszote atom of the amino terminal group of the polyamide and formation of a water molecule. It is necessary to bring the substrates to temperatures higher than 115 ° C to start the reaction. One can thus hot plate, by calandrag e or pressing, the film 6 against the first element 1 to ensure their joining together.
  • the film 6 can be of the monolayer type, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • the film 6 can be of the multilayer type, as shown in FIG. 7, comprising at least a first layer 61 forming an adhesive face compatible with the adhesive 5, and a second layer 62 forming an assembly face compatible with the first item 1.
  • the assembly is carried out in successive stages: during a first step illustrated by FIGS. 1 and 2 the film 6 known as "compatibilizing" is assembled by calendering or hot pressing on the junction surface 3 of the first element 1 having a lack of adhesion with the adhesive 5; the temperature should be raised to the softening point of the film; during a second step, the adhesive 5 is applied to the junction surface 4 of the second element 2, as shown in Figure 3; during a third step, the layers formed by the adhesive 5 and the film 6 are applied against one another, carrying out the assembly as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the method of the invention makes it possible to obtain a ski with a composite structure, comprising at least a first element 1 and a second element 2 secured to one another by an adhesive 5 placed between the two joining surfaces elements, a so-called “compatibilizing” film being placed between the adhesive and the first element 1, said film allowing the elements to be joined by bonding with respect to each other.
  • a so-called "compatibilizing” film of polymer comprising at least one layer consisting of grafted polymers or copolymers.

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Abstract

The process for producing a ski with a composite structure according to the invention comprises a stage of assembling at least a first (1) and a second (2) element by the action of a layer of adhesive (5). A film (6) in the solid state is interposed between the said layer of adhesive (5) and the junction surface (3) of the said first element (1), the said film comprising at least one layer based on polymers, such as a grafted polyethylene, permitting the adhesion of the adhesive (5) on the assembly formed by the element (1) and the film (6). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne la fabrication des skis utilisés en sports d'hiver, et destinés à glisser sur la neige et la glace.The present invention relates to the manufacture of skis used in winter sports, and intended to slide on snow and ice.

Les skis actuels ont généralement une structure composite dans laquelle sont combinés différents matériaux de manière que chacun d'eux intervienne de façon optimale, compte tenu de la distribution des contraintes mécaniques. Ainsi, la structure comprend généralement des éléments de protection périphériques, formant la face supérieure et les faces latérales du ski, des éléments internes de résistance ou lames de résistance, constitués en un matériau ayant une grande résistance et une grande raideur. La structure comprend également des éléments de remplissage tels qu'un noyau en structure alvéolaire, et une semelle de glissement formant la face inférieure du ski et assurant un bon glissement sur la neige.Current skis generally have a composite structure in which different materials are combined so that each of them intervenes optimally, taking into account the distribution of mechanical stresses. Thus, the structure generally comprises peripheral protective elements, forming the upper face and the lateral faces of the ski, internal resistance elements or resistance blades, made of a material having high resistance and great stiffness. The structure also includes filling elements such as a honeycomb core, and a sliding sole forming the underside of the ski and ensuring good sliding on the snow.

Pour obtenir les caractéristiques physiques appropriées, la fabrication des skis modernes fait donc appel à des matériaux très divers : les semelles de glisse sont généralement en polyéthylène ; les noyaux alvéolaires sont en bois ou en mousse synthétique ; les carres disposés sur les arêtes inférieures du ski sont en acier ; des renforts sont souvent prévus en alliage d'aluminium ; les surfaces supérieures du ski sont réalisées en feuille thermoplastique.To obtain the appropriate physical characteristics, the manufacture of modern skis therefore uses a wide variety of materials: the gliding soles are generally made of polyethylene; the alveolar cores are made of wood or synthetic foam; the edges arranged on the lower edges of the ski are made of steel; reinforcements are often provided in aluminum alloy; the upper surfaces of the ski are made of thermoplastic sheet.

Le caractère composite d'une telle structure de ski conduit à réaliser le ski par assemblage de plusieurs éléments préalablement enduits ou imprégnés d'une colle. Naturellement, la colle doit être compatible avec tous les éléments à assembler.The composite nature of such a ski structure leads to skiing by assembling several elements previously coated or impregnated with an adhesive. Naturally, the glue must be compatible with all the elements to be assembled.

Dans la fabrication classique d'un ski, les deux liants principalement utilisés sont les époxydes et les polyuréthannes.In the conventional manufacture of a ski, the two binders mainly used are epoxies and polyurethanes.

Ces liants ne suffisent pas pour faire facilement adhérer tous les matériaux que l'on souhaite utiliser dans la composition d'un ski moderne. Pour obtenir l'adhérence sur certains matériaux, on doit recourir à des traitements de surfaces ou des enductions de primaires, pour promouvoir les adhérences.These binders are not sufficient to easily adhere all the materials that one wishes to use in the composition of a modern ski. To obtain adhesion on certain materials, surface treatments or primers must be used to promote adhesion.

Les enductions de primaires présentent de nombreux inconvé­nients. En particulier, les primaires sont initialement en solution dans des solvants : les solvants réagissent sur les substrats sur lesquels le primaire est appliqué, provoquant des risques de fragilisation ; en outre, pendant leur évaporation, ils sont agressifs vis-à-vis des utilisateurs, ils risquent d'entraîner des accidents, et entraînent une pollution néfaste. L'application des primaires doit en outre être effectuée avec une grande régularité, pour obtenir une couche d'épais­seur constante, ce qui entraîne des opérations complexes et difficiles. Le primaire, une fois appliqué sur un substrat, nécessite d'utiliser le substrat relativement vite pour la fabrication du ski, excluant un stockage de longue durée.Primary coatings have many disadvantages. In particular, the primers are initially in solution in solvents: the solvents react on the substrates to which the primer is applied, causing risks of embrittlement; in in addition, during their evaporation, they are aggressive towards users, they risk causing accidents, and cause harmful pollution. The application of primers must also be carried out with great regularity, in order to obtain a layer of constant thickness, which leads to complex and difficult operations. The primer, once applied to a substrate, requires using the substrate relatively quickly for the manufacture of the ski, excluding long-term storage.

Les traitements de surfaces entraînent des opérations coûteu­ses, des manipulations pénibles et des investissements non négligeables.Surface treatments involve costly operations, painful handling and significant investments.

La présente invention a notamment pour objet d'éviter les inconvénients des procédés connus, en proposant un nouveau procédé et une fabrication et une nouvelle structure de ski permettant un collage sur pratiquement toutes les surfaces des constituants du ski, sans nécessiter de traitements de surfaces ni d'enduction de primaires.The object of the present invention is in particular to avoid the drawbacks of known methods, by proposing a new method and a manufacturing and a new ski structure allowing bonding on practically all surfaces of the components of the ski, without requiring surface treatments or coating of primers.

Notamment, l'invention permet le collage d'une feuille polyami­de comme surface supérieure de ski, par collage à l'aide d'une colle époxy, d'une colle polyester, ou d'une colle vinylester.In particular, the invention allows the bonding of a polyamide sheet as the upper ski surface, by bonding using an epoxy adhesive, a polyester adhesive, or a vinylester adhesive.

Pour atteindre ces objets ainsi que d'autres, le procédé de fabrication d'un ski selon la présente invention comprend une étape d'assemblage d'au moins deux éléments par action d'une couche de colle entre les surfaces de jonction des deux éléments ; selon l'invention, on interpose entre la couche de colle et la surface de jonction de l'un eu moins des éléments un film à l'état solide comportant au moins une couche à base de polymère ou copolymère greffé conférant au film des propriétés de compatibilité avec la colle. Le film sera appelé par la suite dans le texte film "compatibilisant".To achieve these and other objects, the method of manufacturing a ski according to the present invention comprises a step of assembling at least two elements by the action of a layer of adhesive between the joining surfaces of the two elements. ; according to the invention, there is interposed between the adhesive layer and the junction surface of one or less of the elements a film in the solid state comprising at least one layer based on grafted polymer or copolymer giving the film properties of compatibility with glue. The film will be called subsequently in the text "compatibilizing" film.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le film est avantageusement à base de polymère ou copolymère greffé par action d'acide carboxylique, d'anhydride d'acide carboxylique ou d'ester d'acide carboxylique.According to one embodiment, the film is advantageously based on polymer or copolymer grafted by the action of carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or carboxylic acid ester.

On peut utilement greffer un polymère par action d'acide acrylique, d'acide méthacrylique, ou d'anhydride maléique, ou par une combinaison de deux ou de trois de ces produits.A polymer can usefully be grafted by the action of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or maleic anhydride, or by a combination of two or three of these products.

Le polymère greffé peut être un polyéthylène.The grafted polymer can be a polyethylene.

En alternative, le polymère greffé peut être un copolymère d'éthylène et d'acétate de vinyle (EVA).Alternatively, the grafted polymer can be a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA).

Selon un mode de réalisation, après greffe par un acide, on peut neutraliser par des ions métalliques de type sodium, zinc ou autres pour obtenir un film à base de ionomère.According to one embodiment, after grafting with an acid, we can neutralize with metal ions such as sodium, zinc or others to obtain an ionomer-based film.

Selon l'invention on peut notamment utiliser une colle époxyde ou une colle polyester pour assembler par collage, avec interposition d'un tel film à base de polyéthylène greffé, un premier élément constitué de l'un des matériaux suivants : polyamide, polyéthylène non traité, polyéthylène téréphtalate, polybutadiène téréphtalate, polypro­pylène, alliage d'aluminium, aluminium traité ou acier.According to the invention, it is possible in particular to use an epoxy adhesive or a polyester adhesive to assemble by bonding, with the interposition of such a film based on grafted polyethylene, a first element consisting of one of the following materials: polyamide, untreated polyethylene , polyethylene terephthalate, polybutadiene terephthalate, polypropylene, aluminum alloy, treated aluminum or steel.

D'autres objets, caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description suivante de modes de réalisa­tion particuliers, faite en relation avec les figures jointes, parmi lesquelles :

  • - les figures 1 à 4 illustrent un procédé d'assemblage par collage selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • - les figures 5 et 6 illustrent un procédé d'assemblage par collage selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention ; et
  • - la figure 7 illustre un procédé d'assemblage par collage selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.
Other objects, characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the following description of particular embodiments, given in relation to the attached figures, among which:
  • - Figures 1 to 4 illustrate a method of assembly by gluing according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • - Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a bonding method according to a second embodiment of the invention; and
  • - Figure 7 illustrates a bonding method according to a third embodiment of the invention.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 à 4, le procédé de l'invention permet l'assemblage d'un premier élément 1 et d'un second élément 2, selon leurs surfaces de jonction respectives 3 et 4, au moyen d'une couche de colle 5 interposée entre lesdites surfaces de jonction 3 et 4. Le second élément 2 est supposé compatible avec la colle 5, c'est-à-dire que la colle 5 présente un bon pouvoir d'adhésion sur le second élément 2. Par contre, le premier élément 1 est en une matière pouvant ne pas présenter une bonne compatibilité avec la colle 5, c'est-à-dire que la colle 5 ne présente pas un bon pouvoir d'adhésion sur la surface de jonction 3 du premier élément 1.In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4, the method of the invention allows the assembly of a first element 1 and a second element 2, according to their respective joining surfaces 3 and 4, by means of 'a layer of glue 5 interposed between said junction surfaces 3 and 4. The second element 2 is assumed to be compatible with the glue 5, that is to say that the glue 5 has good adhesion on the second element 2. On the other hand, the first element 1 is made of a material which may not have good compatibility with the adhesive 5, that is to say that the adhesive 5 does not have good adhesion on the junction surface. 3 of the first element 1.

Pour permettre l'assemblage du premier élément 1 avec le second élément 2, le premier élément 1 n'ayant pas un bon pouvoir d'adhérence avec la colle 5, on interpose entre la couche de colle 5 et la surface de jonction 3 du premier élément 1 un film 6 dit "compatibilisant" comportant au moins une couche à base de polymère ou copolymère greffé conférant au film 6 des propriétés de compatibilité avec la colle 5. Le film 6 est thermofusible.To allow the assembly of the first element 1 with the second element 2, the first element 1 not having a good adhesion power with the adhesive 5, one interposes between the layer of adhesive 5 and the junction surface 3 of the first element 1 a film 6 known as "compatibilizer" comprising at least one layer based on grafted polymer or copolymer giving the film 6 compatibility properties with the adhesive 5. The film 6 is hot-melt.

Le film 6 doit comporter une face de collage, ou face orientée vers la colle 5, en une matière telle que la colle 5 présente un bon pouvoir adhésif sur le film 6. Le film doit en outre comporter une face d'assemblage, ou face orientée vers la surface de jonction 3 du premier élément 1, en une matière permettant sa solidarisation avec ladite surface de jonction 3 du premier élément 1.The film 6 must have a bonding face, or face oriented towards the adhesive 5, in a material such that the adhesive 5 has good adhesive power on the film 6. The film must also include an assembly face, or face oriented towards the junction surface 3 of the first element 1, in a material allowing its joining with said junction surface 3 of the first element 1.

En ce qui concerne la liaison film 6 - premier élément 1, la solidarisation entre le film 6 et le premier élément 1 peut être assurée par une liaison chimique ou physico-chimique ou par interdiffusion des chaînes de polymères, ou par ancrage mécanique, ou par soudure.As regards the film 6 - first element 1 connection, the connection between the film 6 and the first element 1 can be ensured by a chemical or physicochemical bond or by interdiffusion of the polymer chains, or by mechanical anchoring, or by welding.

En ce qui concerne la présence de la colle 5, une première possibilité, représentée sur les figures 1 à 4, consiste à enduire la surface de jonction 4 du second élément 2 d'une colle 5, comme le représente la figure 3, avant assemblage par pressage de la couche de colle 5 contre le film 6 et obtention de l'ensemble représenté sur la figure 4.As regards the presence of the adhesive 5, a first possibility, represented in FIGS. 1 to 4, consists in coating the joining surface 4 of the second element 2 with an adhesive 5, as shown in FIG. 3, before assembly by pressing the adhesive layer 5 against the film 6 and obtaining the assembly shown in FIG. 4.

Une seconde façon d'assurer la solidarisation entre le film et le second élément 2 peut être prévue dans le cas où le second élément 2 comporte une surface de jonction 4 à base de résine polyester non entièrement réticulée. On peut alors appliquer la surface de jonction 4 du second élément 2 directement contre le film 6, et, par chauffage, la résine non entièrement réticulée du second élément 2 assure elle-même la fonction de collage, l'adhésion étant obtenue par complément de réticulation de ladite résine.A second way of ensuring the joining between the film and the second element 2 can be provided in the case where the second element 2 comprises a junction surface 4 based on polyester resin which is not entirely crosslinked. It is then possible to apply the junction surface 4 of the second element 2 directly against the film 6, and, by heating, the not entirely crosslinked resin of the second element 2 itself ensures the bonding function, the adhesion being obtained by complementing crosslinking of said resin.

Dans le cas d'un renfort métallique, le film 6 peut avantageu­sement être réalisé par un procédé de poudrage électrostatique.In the case of a metallic reinforcement, the film 6 can advantageously be produced by an electrostatic powdering process.

Dans tous les cas, un film 6 très mince peut être utilisé, d'épaisseur avantageusement comprise entre quelques microns et quelques dixièmes de millimètre : une épaisseur de quelques microns peut suffire.In all cases, a very thin film 6 can be used, with a thickness advantageously between a few microns and a few tenths of a millimeter: a thickness of a few microns may be sufficient.

On peut avantageusement utiliser un film 6 à base de polymère ou copolymère greffé par action d'acide carboxylique ou d'anhydride d'acide carboxylique, par exemple par l'acide acrylique, par l'acide méthacrylique, ou par l'anhydride maléique.One can advantageously use a film 6 based on polymer or copolymer grafted by the action of carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid anhydride, for example by acrylic acid, by methacrylic acid, or by maleic anhydride.

Un tel film 6 peut notamment être réalisé en polyéthylène greffé, par exemple en polyéthylène greffé par l'anhydride maléique. Ce mode de réalisation permet, par exemple, d'assurer le collage par une colle époxyde ou une colle polyester d'un premier élément 1 dont la surface de jonction est constituée de l'un des matériaux suivants : polyrnide, polyéthylène non traité, polyéthylène téréphtalate, polybuta­ diène téréphtalate, polypropylène, aluminium traité, alliage d'aluminium ou acier.Such a film 6 can in particular be made of grafted polyethylene, for example of polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride. This embodiment allows, for example, to ensure the bonding by an epoxy adhesive or a polyester adhesive of a first element 1, the junction surface of which is made of one of the following materials: polyrnide, untreated polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybuta diene terephthalate, polypropylene, treated aluminum, aluminum alloy or steel.

Le film 6 peut être constitué d'un copolymère d'éthylène et d'acétate de vinyle (EVA), greffé par action d'acide carboxylique ou d'anhydride d'acide carboxylique.The film 6 can consist of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA), grafted by the action of carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid anhydride.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, après greffe par un acide, on neutralise par des ions métalliques de type sodium, zinc ou autres pour obtenir un film à base de ionomère. Un tel film ionomère peut avantageusement être utilisé pour un collage par une colle époxyde ou une colle polyester d'un premier élément 1 dont la surface de jonction est constituée de l'un des matériaux suivants : polyéthylène non traité, alliage d'aluminium, aluminium traité ou acier.According to another embodiment, after grafting with an acid, neutralization is carried out with metal ions of the sodium, zinc or other type to obtain a film based on an ionomer. Such an ionomer film can advantageously be used for bonding with an epoxy adhesive or a polyester adhesive of a first element 1, the junction surface of which consists of one of the following materials: untreated polyethylene, aluminum alloy, aluminum treated or steel.

A titre d'exemple, l'utilisation d'un film"compatibilisant»6 en polyéthylène greffé à l'anhydride maléique permet le collage d'un premier élément 1 en polyamide par une colle 5 en résine époxy. Selon l'invention, on provoque l'adhésion du film 6 sur le premier élément 1 par réaction chimique entre les groupements anhydride maleique greffés à la surface du polyéthylène et les groupements terminaux du polyamide. Ces groupements existent en faible concentration dans le matériau, mais présentent la particularité de migrer à l'extrême surface lors de l'extrusion de la feuille de polyrnide et sont donc disponibles pour la réaction. La réaction conduit à la substitution de l'atome d'oxygène du cycle maléique par l'atome d'aszote du groupement terminal amine du polyamide et formation d'une molécule d'eau. Il est nécessaire de porter les substrats à des températures supérieures à 115°C pour déclencher la réaction. On peut donc plaquer à chaud, par calandrage ou pressage, le film 6 contre le premier élément 1 pour assurer leur solidarisation l'un à l'autre.By way of example, the use of a “compatibilizing” film 6 of polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride allows the bonding of a first polyamide element 1 with an adhesive 5 of epoxy resin. According to the invention, causes the film 6 to adhere to the first element 1 by chemical reaction between the maleic anhydride groups grafted on the surface of the polyethylene and the end groups of the polyamide. These groups exist in low concentration in the material, but have the particularity of migrating at the extreme surface during the extrusion of the polyrnide sheet and are therefore available for the reaction. The reaction leads to the substitution of the oxygen atom of the maleic cycle by the aszote atom of the amino terminal group of the polyamide and formation of a water molecule. It is necessary to bring the substrates to temperatures higher than 115 ° C to start the reaction. One can thus hot plate, by calandrag e or pressing, the film 6 against the first element 1 to ensure their joining together.

Le film 6 peut être de type monocouche, comme le représentent les figures 1à 4.The film 6 can be of the monolayer type, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

En alternative, le film 6 peut être de type multicouche, comme représenté sur la figure 7, comportant au moins une première couche 61 formant face de collage compatible avec la colle 5, et une seconde couche 62 formant face d'assemblage compatible avec le premier élément 1.Alternatively, the film 6 can be of the multilayer type, as shown in FIG. 7, comprising at least a first layer 61 forming an adhesive face compatible with the adhesive 5, and a second layer 62 forming an assembly face compatible with the first item 1.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur lès figures 1 à 4, l'assemblage s'effectue par étapes successives : au cours d'une première étape illustrée par les figures 1 et 2 on assemble par calandrage ou pressage à chaud le film 6 dit "compatibilisant" sur la surface de jonction 3 du premier élément 1 présentant un défaut d'adhérence avec la colle 5 ; la température doit être élevée au niveau du point de ramollissement du film ; au cours d'une seconde étape, on applique la colle 5 sur la surface de jonction 4 du second élément 2, comme le représente la figure 3 ; au cours d'une troisième étape, on applique l'une contre l'autre les couches constituées par la colle 5 et le film 6, réalisant l'assemblage tel que représenté sur la figure 4.In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 4, the assembly is carried out in successive stages: during a first step illustrated by FIGS. 1 and 2 the film 6 known as "compatibilizing" is assembled by calendering or hot pressing on the junction surface 3 of the first element 1 having a lack of adhesion with the adhesive 5; the temperature should be raised to the softening point of the film; during a second step, the adhesive 5 is applied to the junction surface 4 of the second element 2, as shown in Figure 3; during a third step, the layers formed by the adhesive 5 and the film 6 are applied against one another, carrying out the assembly as shown in FIG. 4.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 5 et 6, on dispose tous les éléments dans un moule, c'est-à-dire, dans l'ordre : le premier élément 1, le film 6, la couche de colle 5, le second élément 2 ; par pressage à chaud, on applique tous les éléments les uns sur les autres, et on réalise l'assemblage en une étape. La température de l'ensemble doit également être élevée au niveau du point de ramollis­sement du film.In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, all the elements are placed in a mold, that is to say, in order: the first element 1, the film 6, the layer of adhesive 5, the second element 2; by hot pressing, all the elements are applied to each other, and the assembly is carried out in one step. The temperature of the assembly must also be raised to the level of the softening point of the film.

On comprendra que le procédé de l'invention permet d'obtenir un ski à structure composite, comprenant au moins un premier élément 1 et un second élément 2 solidarisés l'un à l'autre par une colle 5 disposée entre les deux surfaces de jonction des éléments, un film dit "compatibilisant" étant disposé entre la colle et le premier élément 1, ledit film autorisant la solidarisation par collage des éléments l'un par rapport à l'autre. Dans une telle structure de ski, on constate la présence d'un film dit "compatibilisant" de polymère comprenant au moins une couche constituée de polymères ou copolymères greffés.It will be understood that the method of the invention makes it possible to obtain a ski with a composite structure, comprising at least a first element 1 and a second element 2 secured to one another by an adhesive 5 placed between the two joining surfaces elements, a so-called "compatibilizing" film being placed between the adhesive and the first element 1, said film allowing the elements to be joined by bonding with respect to each other. In such a ski structure, there is the presence of a so-called "compatibilizing" film of polymer comprising at least one layer consisting of grafted polymers or copolymers.

La présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisa­tion qui ont été explicitement décrits, mais elle en inclut les diverses variantes et généralisations contenues dans le domaine des revendica­tions ci-après.The present invention is not limited to the embodiments which have been explicitly described, but it includes the various variants and generalizations thereof contained in the field of claims below.

Claims (17)

1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un ski à structure composite, comprenant une étape d'assemblage d'au moins un premier élément (1) et d'un second élément (2) par action d'une couche de colle (5) entre les surfaces de jonction (3, 4) des deux éléments,
caractérisé en ce qu'on interpose entre la couche de colle (5) et la surface de jonction (3) du premier élément (1) un film (6) à l'état solide comportant au moins une couche à base de polymère ou copolymère greffé conférant au film (6) des propriétés de compatibilité avec la colle (5).1 - Method for manufacturing a ski with a composite structure, comprising a step of assembling at least a first element (1) and a second element (2) by the action of a layer of adhesive (5) between the joining surfaces (3, 4) of the two elements,
characterized in that between the adhesive layer (5) and the junction surface (3) of the first element (1) a film (6) in the solid state comprising at least one layer based on polymer or copolymer grafted giving the film (6) compatibility properties with the adhesive (5). 2 - Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le film (6) est à base de polymère ou copolymère greffé par action d'acide carboxylique, d'anhydride d'acide carboxylique ou d'ester d'acide carboxylique.2 - Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the film (6) is based on polymer or copolymer grafted by the action of carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or carboxylic acid ester. 3 - Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le film est à base de polymère ou copolymère greffé par action de l'acide acrylique.3 - Process according to claim 2, characterized in that the film is based on polymer or copolymer grafted by the action of acrylic acid. 4 - Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le film est à base de polymère ou copolymère greffé par action de l'acide méthacrylique.4 - Process according to claim 2, characterized in that the film is based on polymer or copolymer grafted by the action of methacrylic acid. 5 - Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le film est à base de polymère ou copolymère greffé par action de l'anhydride maléique.5 - Process according to claim 2, characterized in that the film is based on polymer or copolymer grafted by the action of maleic anhydride. 6 - Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le film est à base de polymère ou copolymère greffé par une combinaison d'acide acrylique et/ou d'acide méthacrylique et/ou d'anhydride maléi­que.6 - Process according to claim 2, characterized in that the film is based on polymer or copolymer grafted with a combination of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid and / or maleic anhydride. 7 - Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le polymère est un polyéthylène.7 - Method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the polymer is a polyethylene. 8 - Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le polymère est un copolymère d'éthylène et d'acétate de vinyle (EVA).8 - Process according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the polymer is a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA). 9 - Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que, après greffe par un acide, on neutralise par un ion métallique pour obtenir un film à base de ionomère.9 - Method according to claim 7, characterized in that, after grafting with an acid, neutralized with a metal ion to obtain a film based on ionomer. 10 - Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que :
la colle (5) est une colle époxy ou une colle polyester,
- le premier élément (1) comporte une surface de jonction (3) constituée de l'un des matériaux suivants : polyamide, polyéthylène non traité, polyéthylène téréphtalate, polybutadiène téréphtalate, polypropylène, alliage d'aluminium, aluminium traité ou acier.10 - Method according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the adhesive (5) is an epoxy adhesive or a polyester adhesive,
- The first element (1) has a joining surface (3) made of one of the following materials: polyamide, untreated polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutadiene terephthalate, polypropylene, aluminum alloy, treated aluminum or steel. 11 - Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que :
- la colle (5) est une colle époxy ou une col le polyester,
- le premier élément (1) comporte une surface de jonction (3) constituée - de l'un des matériaux suivants : polyéthylène non traité, alliage d'aluminium, aluminium traité ou acier.11 - Method according to claim 9, characterized in that:
- the adhesive (5) is an epoxy adhesive or a polyester collar,
- The first element (1) has a joining surface (3) made of one of the following materials: untreated polyethylene, aluminum alloy, treated aluminum or steel. 12 - Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le film (6) est de type monocouche.12 - Process according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the film (6) is of the monolayer type. 13 - Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le film (6) est de type multicouche, comportant au moins une première couche (61) formant face de collage compatible avec la colle (5), et une seconde couche (62) formant face d'assemblage compatible avec le premier élément (1).13 - Method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the film (6) is of the multilayer type, comprising at least one first layer (61) forming bonding face compatible with the adhesive (5), and a second layer (62) forming an assembly face compatible with the first element (1). 14 - Ski à structure composite, comportant au moins un premier (1) et un second (2) éléments solidarisés l'un à l'autre par une colle (5) disposée entre les surfaces de jonction (3, 4) desdits éléments (1, 2),
caractérisé en ce qu'un film (6) de polymère ou copolymère greffé est disposé entre la colle (5) et le premier élément (1), ledit film autorisant la solidarisation par collage des éléments (1, 2) l'un par rapport à l'autre.14 - Ski with composite structure, comprising at least a first (1) and a second (2) elements secured to each other by an adhesive (5) disposed between the junction surfaces (3, 4) of said elements ( 1, 2),
characterized in that a film (6) of grafted polymer or copolymer is disposed between the adhesive (5) and the first element (1), said film allowing the elements (1, 2) to be joined together with respect to each other to the other. 15 - Ski selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le film (6) de polymère ou copolymère greffé est en polyéthylène greffé.15 - Ski according to claim 14, characterized in that the film (6) of grafted polymer or copolymer is of grafted polyethylene. 16 - Ski selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le film (6) est à base de copolymère d'éthylène et d'acétate de vinyle (EVA).16 - Ski according to claim 14, characterized in that the film (6) is based on a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA). 17 - Ski selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le film (6) est à base de ionomère.17 - Ski according to claim 14, characterized in that the film (6) is based on ionomer.
EP90120350A 1989-11-22 1990-10-24 Process for producing a bonded ski Expired - Lifetime EP0428887B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8915663 1989-11-22
FR8915663A FR2654643B1 (en) 1989-11-22 1989-11-22 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A GLUE SKI, AND SKI STRUCTURE OBTAINED BY THIS METHOD.

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EP0428887A1 true EP0428887A1 (en) 1991-05-29
EP0428887B1 EP0428887B1 (en) 1994-10-05

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JP (1) JPH0736850B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE112500T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69013121T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2654643B1 (en)

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EP0677306A1 (en) * 1994-04-15 1995-10-18 Skis Rossignol S.A. Ski and method for producing the same

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FR2687925B1 (en) * 1992-02-27 1994-05-06 Salomon Sa PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING A SKI AND SKI OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS.
FR2694201B1 (en) * 1992-07-31 1994-09-23 Salomon Sa Method of manufacturing a ski.
FR2727028B1 (en) 1994-11-21 1997-01-24 Salomon Sa METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A GLUE SKI COMPRISING A WET REINFORCEMENT REINFORCEMENT STAGE

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Also Published As

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DE69013121D1 (en) 1994-11-10
DE69013121T2 (en) 1995-01-26
FR2654643A1 (en) 1991-05-24
ATE112500T1 (en) 1994-10-15
EP0428887B1 (en) 1994-10-05
JPH03176091A (en) 1991-07-31
JPH0736850B2 (en) 1995-04-26
FR2654643B1 (en) 1992-09-25

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