EP0425736B1 - Triggered commutation spark gap - Google Patents
Triggered commutation spark gap Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0425736B1 EP0425736B1 EP89250072A EP89250072A EP0425736B1 EP 0425736 B1 EP0425736 B1 EP 0425736B1 EP 89250072 A EP89250072 A EP 89250072A EP 89250072 A EP89250072 A EP 89250072A EP 0425736 B1 EP0425736 B1 EP 0425736B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- spark gap
- main
- main electrode
- switching spark
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 title claims 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 silver-aluminium Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N (3S)-3-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[5-[(3aS,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoylamino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-4-[1-bis(4-chlorophenoxy)phosphorylbutylamino]-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCCC(NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccc(O)cc1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CCCCC1SC[C@@H]2NC(=O)N[C@H]12)C(C)C)P(=O)(Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1)Oc1ccc(Cl)cc1 QFLWZFQWSBQYPS-AWRAUJHKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
- H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
Definitions
- the invention is in the field of electrical components and is to be used in the structural design of a triggerable switching spark gap, in which a galvanically triggerable electrode is arranged centrally within an electrode of the main discharge gap.
- Such components are used, among other things. used as a controllable high voltage switch in ignitors.
- the high-voltage switch transfers the energy stored in a capacitor quickly and with little loss to a load, for example to an ohmic resistor for converting electrical energy into thermal energy or to the primary winding of an ignition coil. This energy transfer must be low-loss and fast, i.e. in particular with high steepness of the current and voltage pulses.
- a known triggerable switching spark gap essentially consists of a gas discharge space and a trigger electrode; the gas discharge space is delimited by a cylindrical insulator, for example a ceramic or glass tube, and by a first and a second main electrode, which are arranged at the ends of the insulator and are connected to the latter in a vacuum-tight manner.
- the main electrodes each have a flat discharge surface, the two discharge surfaces are axially opposed.
- a cylindrical trigger electrode is arranged inside the first main electrode and insulated from it; it is located in the center of a circular opening in the first main electrode.
- the discharge surface of the trigger electrode is arranged flush with the discharge surface of the first main electrode, as is a cylindrical insulating body with which the trigger electrode is insulated from the first main electrode (brochure "EEV Spark Gaps For Voltage Surge Protection And High Energy Pulsed Switching" from EEV) .
- a high-frequency high-voltage pulse is applied to the trigger electrode during the operation of such a known switching spark gap, the ignition of the discharge gap between the two main electrodes is initiated via a pre-discharge.
- the period from the ignition of the pre-discharge to the actual switching process is defined as the delay time or ignition delay time. In the case of switching spark gaps that have been customary to date, this is approximately 0.7 to 2 »s with a voltage of 2 kV to be switched and with an intrinsic breakdown voltage of approximately 3 kV.
- the on-time of the main discharge path is about 0.2 »s.
- the invention has for its object to design the switching spark gap so that it has a delay time of less than 0.5 »s. This should apply in particular under the boundary conditions of a voltage to be switched of approximately 2 kV and an intrinsic breakdown voltage of approximately 5 kV.
- the distance between the discharge surfaces of the two main electrodes is larger by a factor of 1.1 to 2.3 than the width of the annular gap between the trigger electrode and the first main electrode, that the peripheral edge of the trigger electrode one Has a radius of curvature of less than or equal to 0.1 mm and that the trigger electrode and the first main electrode are coated with a silver-containing activation compound.
- an ignition delay time of approximately 0.01 to 0.5 »s and a switching time of approximately 0.01» s are achieved.
- a silver layer is used as the activation compound or a melted layer of a eutectic silver-aluminum compound with an aluminum content of about 10 to 40% by weight.
- the main discharge gap of the new switching spark gap is formed by the first, disc-shaped main electrode 3 and the second, cup-shaped main electrode 2, which are each inserted in a vacuum-tight manner into one end of the tubular ceramic insulator 1. These three components form a discharge space 4 which is provided with a gas filling, in particular with a pure nitrogen filling.
- the disk-shaped main electrode 3 is provided with an annular opening 5, in the center of which the trigger electrode 6 is arranged.
- This consists of a cylindrical base part 7 and the actual rod-shaped electrode part 8 and is connected to the main electrode 3 in a vacuum-tight manner with the interposition of a tubular ceramic insulator 9.
- the circumferential edge of the rod-shaped electrode part 8 is sharp, i.e. the radius of curvature is less than / equal to 0.1 mm. It is essential that the end face of the control electrode 8 is flush with the discharge surface of the main electrode 3.
- the annular gap 10 resulting between the control electrode 8 and the annular opening 5 forms the pre-discharge path.
- the axial distance between the discharge surfaces of the two main electrodes 2 and 3 is denoted by a, the width of the annular gap between the trigger electrode 6 and the annular opening 5 of the main electrode 3 by b.
- the distance a in the present case is 1.1 mm ⁇ 0.15 mm, the gap width b 0.7 mm ⁇ 0.15 mm.
- the trigger electrode 6 and the disk-shaped main electrode 3 are coated with an activation compound 11, which in the present case is silver, at least in the area that is essential for the gas discharge.
- the coating expediently covers the entire surface of the two electrodes.
- the switching spark gap shown has a minimum operating voltage of 1.3 kV and an intrinsic breakdown voltage of approximately 5 kV; With an operating voltage of 2 kV and trigger pulse amplitudes of 2 to 4 kV, ignition delay times of 0.01 to 0.5 »s and switching times of about 10 ns were determined.
Landscapes
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung liegt auf dem Gebiet der elektrischen Bauelemente und ist bei der konstruktiven Ausgestaltung einer triggerbaren Schaltfunkenstrecke anzuwenden, bei der eine galvanisch triggerbare Elektrode zentrisch innerhalb einer Elektrode der Hauptentladungsstrecke angeordnet ist. Derartige Bauelemente werden u.a. als steuerbare Hochspannungsschalter in Zündgeräten verwendet. Dabei überträgt der Hochspannungsschalter die in einem Kondensator gespeicherte Energie schnell und verlustarm auf eine Last, beispielsweise auf einen ohmschen Widerstand zur Umwandlung elektrischer Energie in thermische Energie oder auf die Primärwicklung einer Zündspule. Diese Energieübertragung muß verlustarm und schnell, d.h. insbesondere mit hoher Steilheit der Strom- und Spannungsimpulse erfolgen.The invention is in the field of electrical components and is to be used in the structural design of a triggerable switching spark gap, in which a galvanically triggerable electrode is arranged centrally within an electrode of the main discharge gap. Such components are used, among other things. used as a controllable high voltage switch in ignitors. The high-voltage switch transfers the energy stored in a capacitor quickly and with little loss to a load, for example to an ohmic resistor for converting electrical energy into thermal energy or to the primary winding of an ignition coil. This energy transfer must be low-loss and fast, i.e. in particular with high steepness of the current and voltage pulses.
Eine bekannte triggerbare Schaltfunkenstrecke besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Gasentladungsraum und einer Triggerelektrode; dabei wird der Gasentladungsraum von einem zylindrischen Isolator, beispielsweise einem Keramik- oder Glasröhrchen, und von einer ersten und einer zweiten Hauptelektrode begrenzt, die an den Enden des Isolators angeordnet und mit diesem vakuumdicht verbunden sind. Die Hauptelektroden haben jeweils eine ebene Entladungsfläche, beide Entladungsflächen stehen sich axial gegenüber. Innerhalb der ersten Hauptelektrode und gegen diese isoliert ist eine zylindrische Triggerelektrode angeordnet; sie befindet sich dabei im Zentrum einer kreisförmigen Öffnung der ersten Hauptelektrode. Die Entladungsfläche der Triggerelektrode ist bündig mit der Entladungsfläche der ersten Hauptelektrode angeordnet, ebenso ein zylindrischer Isolierkörper, mit dem die Triggerelektrode gegen die erste Hauptelektrode isoliert ist (Prospekt "EEV Spark Gaps For Voltage Surge Protection And High Energy Pulsed Switching" der Fa. EEV).A known triggerable switching spark gap essentially consists of a gas discharge space and a trigger electrode; the gas discharge space is delimited by a cylindrical insulator, for example a ceramic or glass tube, and by a first and a second main electrode, which are arranged at the ends of the insulator and are connected to the latter in a vacuum-tight manner. The main electrodes each have a flat discharge surface, the two discharge surfaces are axially opposed. A cylindrical trigger electrode is arranged inside the first main electrode and insulated from it; it is located in the center of a circular opening in the first main electrode. The discharge surface of the trigger electrode is arranged flush with the discharge surface of the first main electrode, as is a cylindrical insulating body with which the trigger electrode is insulated from the first main electrode (brochure "EEV Spark Gaps For Voltage Surge Protection And High Energy Pulsed Switching" from EEV) .
Wird beim Betrieb einer solchen bekannten Schaltfunkenstrecke an die Triggerelektrode ein hochfrequenter Hochspannungsimpuls angelegt, so wird über eine Vorentladung die Zündung der Entladungsstrecke zwischen den beiden Hauptelektroden eingeleitet. Der Zeitraum vom Zünden der Vorentladung bis zum eigentlichen Schaltvorgang wird als Verzögerungszeit oder Zündverzugszeit definiert. Dieser beträgt bei bisher üblichen Schaltfunkenstrecken etwa 0,7 bis 2 »s bei einer zu schaltenden Spannung von 2 kV und bei einer Eigendurchbruchsspannung von etwa 3 kV. Die Durchschaltzeit der Hauptentladungsstrecke beträgt etwa 0,2 »s.If a high-frequency high-voltage pulse is applied to the trigger electrode during the operation of such a known switching spark gap, the ignition of the discharge gap between the two main electrodes is initiated via a pre-discharge. The period from the ignition of the pre-discharge to the actual switching process is defined as the delay time or ignition delay time. In the case of switching spark gaps that have been customary to date, this is approximately 0.7 to 2 »s with a voltage of 2 kV to be switched and with an intrinsic breakdown voltage of approximately 3 kV. The on-time of the main discharge path is about 0.2 »s.
Ausgehend von einer triggerbaren Schaltfunkenstrecke mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1 liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Schaltfunkenstrecke so auszugestalten, daß sie eine Verzögerungszeit von weniger als 0,5 »s aufweist. Dies soll insbesondere unter den Randbedingungen einer zu schaltenden Spannung von etwa 2 kV und einer Eigendurchbruchsspannung von etwa 5 kV gelten.Starting from a triggerable switching spark gap with the features of the preamble of
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß der Abstand der Entladungsflächen der beiden Hauptelektroden um den Faktor 1,1 bis 2,3 größer ist als die Breite des Ringspaltes zwischen der Triggerelektrode und der ersten Hauptelektrode, daß die umlaufende Kante der Triggerelektrode einen Krümmungsradius kleiner/gleich 0,1 mm aufweist und daß die Triggerelektrode und die erste Hauptelektrode mit einer silberhaltigen Aktivierungsmasse beschichtet sind.To solve this problem it is provided according to the invention that the distance between the discharge surfaces of the two main electrodes is larger by a factor of 1.1 to 2.3 than the width of the annular gap between the trigger electrode and the first main electrode, that the peripheral edge of the trigger electrode one Has a radius of curvature of less than or equal to 0.1 mm and that the trigger electrode and the first main electrode are coated with a silver-containing activation compound.
Bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung der Schaltfunkenstrecke erzielt man eine Zündverzugszeit von etwa 0,01 bis 0,5 »s und eine Durchschaltzeit von etwa 0,01 »s. Dies läßt sich insbesondere dann erzielen, wenn der Abstandsfaktor betreffend den Abstand der beiden Hauptelektroden zueinander und die Breite des Ringspaltes zwischen 1,25 und 2,0, am besten zwischen 1,4 und 1,7 liegt. Als Aktivierungsmasse kommt insbesondere eine Silberschicht oder eine aufgeschmolzene Schicht aus einer eutektischen Silber-Aluminium-Verbindung mit einem Aluminiumanteil von etwa 10 bis 40 Gew.% in Betracht.With such a configuration of the switching spark gap, an ignition delay time of approximately 0.01 to 0.5 »s and a switching time of approximately 0.01» s are achieved. This can be achieved in particular when the distance factor relating to the distance between the two main electrodes and the width of the annular gap is between 1.25 and 2.0, preferably between 1.4 and 1.7. In particular, a silver layer is used as the activation compound or a melted layer of a eutectic silver-aluminum compound with an aluminum content of about 10 to 40% by weight.
Beim Betrieb der neuen Schaltfunkenstrecke ist darauf zu achten, daß die Polarität des Triggerimpulses entgegengesetzt zur Polarität der zu schaltenden Spannung ist. In diesem Fall treten in der Hauptentladungsstrecke im Zeitpunkt der Triggerung hohe Feldstärken auf, die zum schnellen Durchzünden der Hauptentladungsstrecke führen.When operating the new switching spark gap, make sure that the polarity of the trigger pulse is opposite to the polarity of the voltage to be switched. In this case, high field strengths occur in the main discharge path at the time of the triggering, which lead to rapid ignition of the main discharge path.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der neuen Schaltfunkenstrecke ist in der Figur dargestellt.An embodiment of the new switching spark gap is shown in the figure.
Die Hauptentladungsstrecke der neuen Schaltfunkenstrecke wird von der ersten, scheibenförmig ausgebildeten Hauptelektrode 3 und der zweiten, napfförmig ausgebildeten Hauptelektrode 2 gebildet, die jeweils vakuumdicht in ein Ende des rohrförmigen Keramikisolator 1 eingesetzt sind. Diese drei Bauteile bilden einen Entladungsraum 4, der mit einer Gasfüllung versehen ist, insbesondere mit einer reinen Stickstoffüllung.The main discharge gap of the new switching spark gap is formed by the first, disc-shaped
Die scheibenförmige Hauptelektrode 3 ist mit einer ringförmigen Öffnung 5 versehen, in deren Zentrum die Triggerelektrode 6 angeordnet ist. Diese besteht aus einem zylindrischen Fußteil 7 und dem eigentlichen, stabförmigen Elektrodenteil 8 und ist unter Zwischenschaltung eines rohrförmigen Keramikisolators 9 vakuumdicht mit der Hauptelektrode 3 verbunden. Die umlaufende Kante des stabförmigen Elektrodenteiles 8 ist scharf ausgebildet, d.h. der Krümmungsradius ist kleiner/gleich 0,1 mm. Dabei ist wesentlich, daß die Stirnfläche der Steuerelektrode 8 bündig mit der Entladungsfläche der Hauptelektrode 3 abschließt. Der zwischen der Steuerelektrode 8 und der ringförmigen Öffnung 5 sich ergebende Ringspalt 10 bildet die Vorentladungsstrecke.The disk-shaped
Der axiale Abstand der Entladungsflächen der beiden Hauptelektroden 2 und 3 ist mit a bezeichnet, die Breite des Ringspaltes zwischen der Triggerelektrode 6 und der ringförmigen Öffnung 5 der Hauptelektrode 3 mit b. Der Abstand a beträgt im vorliegenden Fall 1,1 mm ± 0,15 mm, die Spaltbreite b 0,7 mm ± 0,15 mm.The axial distance between the discharge surfaces of the two
Weiterhin sind die Triggerelektrode 6 und die scheibenförmige Hauptelektrode 3 wenigstens in dem jeweils für die Gasentladung wesentlichen Bereich mit einer Aktivierungsmasse 11 beschichtet, bei der es sich im vorliegenden Fall um Silber handelt. Zweckmäßig erfaßt die Beschichtung die gesamte Oberfläche der beiden Elektroden.Furthermore, the
Die dargestellten Schaltfunkenstrecke weist eine minimale Betriebsspannung von 1,3 kV und eine Eigendurchbruchsspannung von etwa 5 kV auf; bei einer Betriebsspannung von 2 kV und Triggerpulsamplituden von 2 bis 4 kV wurden Zündverzugszeiten von 0,01 bis 0,5 »s und Durchschaltzeiten von etwa 10 ns ermittelt.The switching spark gap shown has a minimum operating voltage of 1.3 kV and an intrinsic breakdown voltage of approximately 5 kV; With an operating voltage of 2 kV and trigger pulse amplitudes of 2 to 4 kV, ignition delay times of 0.01 to 0.5 »s and switching times of about 10 ns were determined.
Claims (5)
- Switching spark gap which can be triggered, consisting of a gas discharge chamber which is limited by an insulator and a first and a second main electrode each with a level discharge face, and of a cylindrical trigger electrode arranged inside the first main electrode, with the first main electrode having a circular opening, in the centre of which the trigger electrode is arranged flush with the discharge face of the first main electrode, characterized in that the spacing between the discharge faces of the two main electrodes (2, 3) is larger by the factor 1.1 to 2.3 than the width of the annular gap (10) between the trigger electrode (6) and the first main electrode (3), in that the circumferential edge of the trigger electrode (6) has a radius of curvature less than or the same as 0.1 mm and in that the trigger electrode (6) and the first main electrode (3) are coated with an activation material (11) containing silver.
- Switching spark gap which can be triggered according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacing factor lies between 1.25 and 2.0, in particular between 1.4 and 1.7.
- Switching spark gap according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacing (a) between the two main electrodes (2, 3) amounts to 1.1 mm + 0.15 mm and in that the annular gap (10) between the trigger electrode (6) and the first main electrode (3) has a width (b) of 0.7 mm ± 0.15 mm.
- Switching spark gap which can be triggered according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the activation material (11) consists of a layer of silver or a melted-on layer of an eutectic silver-aluminium compound with an aluminium content of about 10 to 40 % by weight.
- Switching spark gap which can be triggered according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the discharge chamber (4) is filled with a pure nitrogen atmosphere.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES89250072T ES2076204T3 (en) | 1989-11-02 | 1989-11-02 | DISTANCE FROM THE ACTIVABLE CONNECTION SPARK. |
| EP89250072A EP0425736B1 (en) | 1989-11-02 | 1989-11-02 | Triggered commutation spark gap |
| DE58909356T DE58909356D1 (en) | 1989-11-02 | 1989-11-02 | Triggerable switching spark gap. |
| JP2295176A JP2873077B2 (en) | 1989-11-02 | 1990-10-30 | Triggerable spark gap mechanism |
| US07/606,150 US5151630A (en) | 1989-11-02 | 1990-10-31 | Triggerable switching spark gap |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89250072A EP0425736B1 (en) | 1989-11-02 | 1989-11-02 | Triggered commutation spark gap |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0425736A1 EP0425736A1 (en) | 1991-05-08 |
| EP0425736B1 true EP0425736B1 (en) | 1995-07-19 |
Family
ID=8202548
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89250072A Expired - Lifetime EP0425736B1 (en) | 1989-11-02 | 1989-11-02 | Triggered commutation spark gap |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5151630A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0425736B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2873077B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE58909356D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2076204T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5633629A (en) * | 1995-02-08 | 1997-05-27 | Hochstein; Peter A. | Traffic information system using light emitting diodes |
| DE10018012B4 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2005-02-24 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Pressure proof encapsulated spark gap arrangement for leading off damaging disturbance variables due to overvoltages, has two opposing electrodes |
| DE10066231B4 (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2006-10-12 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Pressure proof encapsulated spark gap arrangement for leading off damaging disturbance variables due to overvoltages, has two opposing electrodes |
| DE102005016848A1 (en) * | 2005-04-12 | 2006-10-19 | Epcos Ag | Surge arresters |
| WO2007033247A2 (en) | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-22 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Gas-filled surge arrester, activating compound, ignition stripes and method therefore |
| US10012063B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-07-03 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Ring electrode device and method for generating high-pressure pulses |
| DE102017126371A1 (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2019-05-16 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Triggerable spark gap, circuit with triggerable spark gap and method for producing a triggerable spark gap |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3230410A (en) * | 1960-12-29 | 1966-01-18 | Gen Electric | Arc discharge device with triggering electrode |
| US3328632A (en) * | 1965-08-16 | 1967-06-27 | English Electric Co Ltd | Vacuum-protective spark gap with trigger electrode |
| US3715614A (en) * | 1971-09-28 | 1973-02-06 | Bendix Corp | Three electrode spark gap apparatus |
| US3725729A (en) * | 1971-10-29 | 1973-04-03 | Us Army | Electrical crowbar system with novel triggered spark gap devices |
| SU738022A1 (en) * | 1978-02-15 | 1980-05-30 | Предприятие П/Я В-8769 | Controllable gas-filled discharger |
| US4604554A (en) * | 1984-06-05 | 1986-08-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Triggered spark gap discharger |
| FR2589015B1 (en) * | 1985-10-23 | 1994-06-17 | Protel | SURGE PROTECTOR FOR THE FLOW OF STRONG CURRENTS IN RESPONSE TO FAST SIGNALS |
| US4939418A (en) * | 1986-03-12 | 1990-07-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force. | Gas mixture for triggerable spark gaps |
| DE3763733D1 (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1990-08-23 | Siemens Ag | SURGE ARRESTERS. |
| DE3760233D1 (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1989-07-13 | Siemens Ag | Gas-discharge surge arrester |
-
1989
- 1989-11-02 EP EP89250072A patent/EP0425736B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-02 ES ES89250072T patent/ES2076204T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-02 DE DE58909356T patent/DE58909356D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-10-30 JP JP2295176A patent/JP2873077B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-10-31 US US07/606,150 patent/US5151630A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Prospekt "EEV Spark Gaps For Voltage Surge Protection And High Energy Pulsed Switching" der Fa. EEV * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE58909356D1 (en) | 1995-08-24 |
| JPH03156874A (en) | 1991-07-04 |
| US5151630A (en) | 1992-09-29 |
| ES2076204T3 (en) | 1995-11-01 |
| EP0425736A1 (en) | 1991-05-08 |
| JP2873077B2 (en) | 1999-03-24 |
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