EP0419106B1 - System zur Abgabe von Verbrauchsmitteln - Google Patents

System zur Abgabe von Verbrauchsmitteln Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0419106B1
EP0419106B1 EP90309892A EP90309892A EP0419106B1 EP 0419106 B1 EP0419106 B1 EP 0419106B1 EP 90309892 A EP90309892 A EP 90309892A EP 90309892 A EP90309892 A EP 90309892A EP 0419106 B1 EP0419106 B1 EP 0419106B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
meter
prepayment
unit
commodity
optical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP90309892A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0419106A1 (de
Inventor
David John Clarke
Trevor Ronald Seddon
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Gemalto Terminals Ltd
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Schlumberger Industries Ltd
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Publication of EP0419106A1 publication Critical patent/EP0419106A1/de
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Publication of EP0419106B1 publication Critical patent/EP0419106B1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
    • G07F17/0014—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for vending, access and use of specific services not covered anywhere else in G07F17/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity

Definitions

  • This invention relates to commodity metering systems, and is more particularly but not exclusively concerned with electricity metering systems which can be arranged to operate as prepayment systems.
  • a credit electricity meter that is a meter which measures the amount of electricity they consume, and which is periodically read by the electricity supplier so that a bill for the electricity consumed can be prepared and sent to the consumer.
  • the electricity supplier prefers to provide a prepayment electricity meter, that is a meter into which a token (e.g. a magnetic card or an electronic key), paid for in advance, has to be inserted to secure a supply of electricity.
  • a token e.g. a magnetic card or an electronic key
  • a typical example of such a prepayment electricity meter is described in GB-A-2 153 573, while a prepayment electricity meter having an optical port via which the meter can be programmed by a hand-held optical programming device is disclosed in GB-A-2 145 303.
  • GB-A-2 062 324 describes a credit electricity meter of the electromechanical kind, which is provided with an output shaft so that it can be converted into a prepayment meter by the addition of a prepayment unit driven by the output shaft.
  • the described conversion process is not suitable for use with a credit meter which is already installed in a consumer's premises. It is an object of the present invention to alleviate this problem.
  • a commodity metering system comprising a commodity meter connected to meter a supply of a commodity to a consumer and having an optical port via which the measurements made by the meter can be accessed, and a separate prepayment unit comprising an optical link communicating with the optical port of the meter, means for accepting prepayment tokens, a circuit responsive to accepted prepayment tokens and the measurements accessed via the optical link to interrupt the supply of the commodity to the consumer once an amount of the commodity authorized by one or more accepted tokens has been supplied, and an optical port communicating via said circuit and the optical link with the optical port of the meter, whereby the measurements made by the meter can be accessed via the optical port of the prepayment unit.
  • the meter which may typically be a programmable credit electricity meter, has been relatively easily converted into a prepayment meter by the addition of the separate prepayment unit, but can readily be converted back to a credit metering system by removal of the prepayment unit.
  • the meter can still be interrogated and programmed, by coupling a standard optical interrogation and programming device to the optical port of the prepayment unit.
  • the optical link is connected to the optical port of the meter by a sealed connection, that is a connection which is sealed by the supplier so that disconnection and/or tampering therewith is readily apparent.
  • the system includes means for interrupting the supply of the commodity in response to unauthorized disconnection of the optical link.
  • the supply of the commodity may be interrupted by means within the prepayment unit and/or by means within the meter.
  • the optical link preferably comprises an optical head which couples to the optical port of the meter and which comprises at least one light emitting device for directing light into the optical port, at least one light responsive device for receiving light from the optical port, and an electrical lead connecting said devices to the prepayment unit.
  • the invention also comprises a prepayment unit of the kind described in the principal statement of invention, adapted for connection to a meter having an optical port via which its measurements can be accessed.
  • the part of the electricity metering system in accordance with the present invention shown in Figure 1 consists principally of a twin-element, multi-rate, optically readable and programmable credit electricity meter, which is indicated generally at 10 .
  • the meter 10 comprises a housing 12 containing a live input terminal 14 connected to a live input wire 16 of an AC electricity power distribution network, whose neutral and earth wires have been omitted from the drawing for the sake of simplicity.
  • the live input terminal 14 is connected via a first measurement shunt 18 to a first live output terminal 20, and via a second measurement shunt 22 and a contactor 24 in series to a second live output terminal 26.
  • the two shunts 18 and 22 are responsible for the designation of the meter 10 as a "twin-element" meter, and it will be appreciated that the meter provides two separate metered electricity supplies, an unswitched one at the live output terminal 20 and a switchable one at the live output terminal 26, the switchable supply typically being available at off-peak hours only.
  • the shunts 18 and 22 are directly connected to respective solid state meter circuits 30, 32 of the kind disclosed in United Kingdom Patent No. 1 603 648, providing the Circuits with input signals representative of the respective currents flowing to the live output terminals 20 and 26.
  • the circuits 30, 32 also receive respective input signals representative of the voltage between the live and neutral wires, and multiply their respective input signals together to produce respective output signals representative of the power being supplied to the terminals 20 and 26 respectively. These two power-representative output signals a re supplied to respective inputs of a microcomputer 34.
  • the microcomputer 34 comprises in known manner a central processing unit (CPU) 36, a read only memory (ROM) 38 containing its program, and a random access memory (RAM) 40 in which it accumulates, inter alia, the power representative output signals produced by the metering circuits 30, 32 in locations corresponding to times of day at which different charging rates (or tariffs) apply, and an output which closes the contactor 24 for one or more selected time periods per day.
  • the times of day at which the different charging rates or tariffs begin and end, and at which the contactor 24 is to be opened and closed, are also stored in the RAM 40.
  • Time of day information is provided by a 50Hz or 60Hz clock signal derived from the electricity distribution network, with battery back-up (not shown) for maintaining timing information in the event of power outage, and/or from a radio teleswitch (not shown) of the kind described in the United Kingdom Patent No. 2 070 897.
  • a radio teleswitch not shown
  • the time of day information in the microcomputer 34 be periodically corrected by broadcast radio signals (ie the microcomputer can have its "internal clock” periodically reset to the correct time of day), but also the times of day at which the various tariffs apply and at which the contactor 24 opens and closes can be reprogrammed by broadcast radio signals.
  • the microcomputer 34 further comprises, again in known manner, a display driver 42 for driving a liquid crystal display (LCD) 44, and inputs for receiving input signals from push buttons 46 which can be used to cause the display 44 to display the stored energy readings constituted by the accumulated power representative signals mentioned earlier in a predetermined sequence.
  • a display driver 42 for driving a liquid crystal display (LCD) 44
  • inputs for receiving input signals from push buttons 46 which can be used to cause the display 44 to display the stored energy readings constituted by the accumulated power representative signals mentioned earlier in a predetermined sequence.
  • the microcomputer 34 has an interrupt port 48 at which it receives the aforementioned 50Hz or 60Hz clock signal and power fail and reset signals from a power fail watchdog circuit 50, an output connected to apply a watchdog confirm signal to an input of the watchdog circuit from time to time, to confirm its continued operative status, as well as respective inputs and outputs coupled to a non-volatile memory 52 in the form of an EEPROM.
  • the watchdog circuit 50 Upon detection of the onset of a power outage, the watchdog circuit 50 causes the microcomputer 34 to transfer the readings and time-of-day information stored in its RAM 40 into the EEPROM 52. Additionally, at the end of a power outage, the watchdog circuit 50 initiates the transfer of the information saved in the EEPROM 52 back into the RAM 40.
  • the microcomputer 34 is provided with a serial input/output port 54, which is coupled to a ZVEI optical port 56 provided in the housing 12 of the meter 10.
  • the optical port 56 includes a light emitting device 58 in the form of a light emitting diode (LED), and a light responsive device 60 in the form of a photodetector, which are respectively positioned to direct light outwardly through and receive light via a window 61 sealed into the housing 12 of the meter 10.
  • LED light emitting diode
  • a light responsive device 60 in the form of a photodetector
  • the meter 10 as described so far is of known (albeit rather sophisticated) form, and used alone constitutes a credit meter. It can be programmed and/or read by a hand-held optical device (not shown) which is held in registration with the optical port 56.
  • the hand-held device includes a ZVEI head comprising light emitting and light responsive devices which co-operate with the devices 60 and 58 respectively, to send serial signals to and receive serial signals from the microcomputer 34. This enables new times of day, stored in non-volatile memory in the hand-held device, to be entered into the RAM 40, and/or permits meter readings stored in the RAM 40 to be read out into the non-volatile memory in the hand-held device.
  • the present invention enables the credit meter 10 to be converted into a prepayment meter, simply by sealingly coupling a prepayment unit in accordance with the present invention to its optical port 56 by means of an optical link.
  • a prepayment unit is indicated at 64 in Figure 2.
  • the optical link 62 comprises a ZVEI head 66, which is sealingly coupled to the optical port 56 of the meter 10.
  • the head 66 includes a light emitting device 68 in the form of an LED, and a light responsive device 70 in the form of a photodetector, positioned to co-operate with the devices 60 and 58 respectively.
  • the devices 68, 70 in the head 66 are coupled via an electrical lead 72 constituting a two way serial link to the prepayment unit 64 of Figure 2.
  • the prepayment unit 64 comprises a housing 72 containing a live input terminal 74, which is externally connected to receive the metered but unswitched electricity supply available at the live output terminal 20 of the meter 10.
  • the live output terminal 74 is connected via a contactor 76 to a live output terminal 78, thus converting the unswitched supply from the meter 10 into a switchable supply.
  • the prepayment unit 64 also includes a microcomputer 80, which is basically similar to the microcomputer 34 of the meter 10.
  • the microcomputer 80 comprises a CPU 82, a ROM 84, and RAM 86, an output which operates the contactor 76, a display driver 88 coupled to an LCD 90, inputs coupled to push buttons 92, an interrupt port 94 coupled to receive a 50Hz or 60Hz clock signal and to a power fail watchdog circuit 96, and inputs and outputs coupled to an EEPROM 98.
  • it has two serial input/output ports 100 and 102, the former being connected to the devices 68, 70 in the lead 66 via the electrical lead 72 and the latter being connected to a ZVEI optical port 104 identical to the port 56 in the meter 10.
  • an electronic token interface 106 which comprises circuitry for co-operating with electronic prepayment tokens : such circuitry and tokens are described in our United Kingdom Patents Nos. 2 153 573, 2 191 622, 2 191 883 and 2 225 471 (although the tokens can be magnetic cards rather than keys containing EEPROMs if desired).
  • a buzzer 108 has a further output connected to a buzzer 108.
  • the installation of the prepayment unit 64 is typically carried out by a member of the electricity supplier's service personnel, who, having sealingly connected the head 66 to the port 56 of the meter 10, programs both the prepayment unit 64 and the meter 10 with a hand-held device of the kind mentioned earlier, applied to the optical port 104 of the prepayment unit.
  • the programming of the meter 10 is achieved via the microcomputer 80, which is itself programmed to route appropriately addressed signals from the hand-held unit via the optical link 62 to the optical port 56 of the meter 10.
  • One of the onwardly routed programming signals sets a particular bit in the RAM 40 of the microcomputer 34 to indicate to the microcomputer 34 that a prepayment unit is coupled to the optical port 56 of the meter 10, ie it tells the meter 10 that it is no longer a credit meter, but now forms part of a prepayment meter.
  • Other onwardly routed programming signals if required, update the various times of day stored in the RAM 40 to define the various tariff periods and switching times of the contactor 24.
  • the prepayment unit 64 is programmed with information concerning the price per unit of energy for each of the various tariff periods of the meter 10, as well as debt recovery information if appropriate (ie if the consumer in whose premises the meter 10 is installed already owes money to the electricity supplier, the amount and rate of recovery are entered). All this information is stored in the RAM 86, but can be transferred to and from the EEPROM 98 in the event of a power outage, as described earlier in relation to meter 10.
  • the consumer purchases credit from the electricity supplier, which credit is stored electronically or magnetically in an electronic key, smart card or like prepayment token, and then entered into the prepayment unit 64 via the electronic token interface 106, e.g. as described in the aforementioned United Kingdom Patent No. 2 153 573.
  • the buzzer 108 assists in the credit entering process, by providing an audible signal when credit is validly entered and accepted, and a different audible signal if credit is not validly entered or accepted (e.g because the token is an already used one, or is damaged in some way).
  • the prepayment unit 64 interrogates the meter 10 at regular intervals, reading the various energy consumption readings contained in the RAM 40 of the microcomputer 34 in the meter into the RAM 86 of the microcomputer 80 in the prepayment unit. Upon each such reading, the microcomputer 80 calculates how much credit is left, and when the credit is exhausted, opens the contactor 76. At this point, the prepayment unit 64 stops interrogating the meter 10, which, in the absence of receiving interrogation signals for a predetermined period of time, opens its own contactor 24. The consumer's supply of electricity is therefore completely cut-off.
  • one of the push buttons 92 is effective to call up a predetermined amount of emergency credit (to be recovered, or paid for, out of the credit in the next token to be inserted in the prepayment unit 64). Additionally, and again to prevent undue hardship, if credit becomes exhausted near the start of the warm-up period of storage heating, the microcomputer 80 can be arranged not to interrupt the electricity supply until the warm-up period is completed.
  • the prepayment unit 64 does not write information to the meter 10 in normal operation : it merely interrogates (or reads) the meter. This has the advantage of minimizing the possibility of corruption of the information stored in the meter 10, and enabling the prepayment unit 64 to be used with meters of different manufacture as long as they use a common format for storing their readings.
  • the method of telling the meter 10 that credit is exhausted has the advantage that unauthorized removal or breakage of the optical link 62 produces the same effect at the meter 10 as credit exhaustion, so that the meter 10 opens its contactor 24.
  • the prepayment unit 64 is programmed such that if it is unable to interrogate the meter 10 because the optical link 62 has been removed or broken, it opens its contactor 76.
  • the devices 68 and 70 can be disposed inside the prepayment unit 64, with the electrical lead 72 being replaced by an optical fibre coupling for conveying the optical signals produced by the devices 58 and 68 to the devices 70 and 60.
  • the invention has been described with reference to the electricity metering system, it is also applicable to the metering of other commodities, such as water and gas.
  • the water and gas meters involved are preferably electronic, but this is not strictly necessary, as it is possible to envisage water and gas meters in which the positions of movable indicator discs or wheels displaying the readings of the meters are optically readable by a suitable optical read head (e.g. a parallel rather than serial read head) using light emitting and sensing devices similar to the devices 68 and 70 to direct light to and sense light reflected from the indicator discs or wheels.
  • a suitable optical read head e.g. a parallel rather than serial read head

Claims (13)

  1. Ein Verbrauchsgut-Erfassungssystem, umfassend ein Verbrauchsgut-Meßgerät (10), das angeschlossen ist zum Erfassen einer Abgabe eines Verbrauchsguts an einen Verbraucher und versehen mit einem optischen Eingang (56), über welchen die von dem Meßgerät vorgenommenen Messungen zugänglich sind, gekennzeichnet durch eine separate Vorauszahlungseinheit (64), umfassend eine optische Verbindung (62), die mit dem optischen Eingang (56) des Meßgerätes (10) kommuniziert, Mittel für das Akzeptieren von Vorauszahlungsbelegen (106), eine Schaltung (80), die auf die akzeptierten Vorauszahlungsbelege reagiert und auf die Messungen, die über die optische Verbindung (62) abgelesen werden zum Unterbrechen der Abgabe des Verbrauchsguts an den Verbraucher, sobald eine Menge des Verbrauchsguts, autorisiert durch einen oder mehrere akzeptierte Belege, ausgeliefert worden ist, und einen optischen Eingang (104), der über den Schaltkreis (80) und die optische Verbindung (62) mit dem optischen Eingang (56) des Meßgerätes (10) kommuniziert, so daß die von dem Meßgerät (10) vorgenommenen Messungen über den optischen Eingang (104) der Vorauszahlungseinheit (64) abgelesen werden können.
  2. Ein System nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die optische Verbindung (62) mit dem optischen Eingang (56) des Meßgerätes (10) über eine versiegelte Verbindung verbunden ist.
  3. Ein System nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, ferner umfassend Mittel (24, 34; 76, 80) für das Unterbrechen der Abgabe des Verbrauchsguts in Reaktion auf unautorisierte Unterbrechung der optischen Verbindung (62).
  4. Ein System nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Vorauszahlungseinheit (64) ausgebildet ist zum periodischen Zugänglichmachen der Messungen des Meßgerätes und zum Berechnen nach jedem solchen Zugang der Menge an verbleibendem Kredit auf der Basis von Preisinformation, die in der Vorauszahlungseinheit (64) abgespeichert ist.
  5. Ein System nach Anspruch 3 und Anspruch 4, bei dem mindestens ein Teil (24, 34) der Unterbrechungsmittel (24, 34; 76, 80) sich in dem Meßgerät befindet und ausgebildet ist zum Unterbrechen der Verbrauchsgutabgabe, die dadurch gesteuert wird, wenn das Meßgerät (10) erkennt, daß die Vorauszahlungseinheit (64) während eines vorbestimmten Zeitraums die Meßgerätmessungen nicht abgelesen hat.
  6. Ein System nach Anspruch 3 und Anspruch 4, bei dem zumindest ein Teil (76, 80) der Unterbrechungsmittel (24, 34; 76, 80) sich in der Vorauszahlungseinheit (64) befindet und ausgebildet ist zum Unterbrechen der dadurch gesteuerten Verbrauchsgutabgabe, wenn die Vorauszahlungseinheit (64) die Meßgerätmessungen während eines vorbestimmten Zeitraums nicht abgelesen hat.
  7. Ein System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem die Abgabe des Verbrauchsguts durch Mittel (76, 80) innerhalb der Vorauszahlungseinheit (64) und/oder durch Mittel (24, 34) innerhalb des Meßgerätes (10) unterbrochen wird.
  8. Ein System nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die optische Verbindung (62) einen optischen Kopf (66) umfaßt, der mit dem optischen Eingang (56) des Meßgerätes (10) gekoppelt ist und zumindest eine Lichtabstrahlkomponente (68) umfaßt für das Richten von Licht in den optischen Eingang (56), mindestens eine auf Licht reagierende Komponente (70) umfaßt für den Empfang von Licht von dem optischen Eingang (56), und eine elektrische Leitung (72) umfaßt, welche die Komponenten mit der Vorauszahlungseinheit (64) verbindet.
  9. Eine Vorauszahlungseinheit zur Verwendung mit einem Verbrauchsgut-Meßgerät (10), angeschlossen zum Erfassen einer Abgabe eines Verbrauchsguts an einen Verbraucher und mit einem optischen Eingang (56) versehen, über den die von dem Meßgerät (10) vorgenommenen Messungen abgelesen werden können, wobei die Vorauszahlungseinheit eine optische Verbindung (62) umfaßt, die mit dem optischen Eingang (56) des Meßgerätes (10) kommuniziert, Mittel (106) umfaßt für das Akzeptieren von Vorauszahlungsbelegen, einen Schaltkreis (80) umfaßt, der auf akzeptierte Vorauszahlungsbelege reagiert und auf die Messungen, die über die optische Verbindung (62) abgelesen werden zum Unterbrechen der Abgabe des Verbrauchsguts an den Verbraucher, sobald eine durch einen oder mehrere akzeptierte Belege autorisierte Menge an Verbrauchsgut abgegeben worden ist, und mit einem optischen Eingang (104), der über den genannten Schaltkreis (80) und die optische Verbindung (62) mit dem optischen Eingang (56) des Meßgerätes (10) kommuniziert, wodurch die von dem Meßgerät (10) vorgenommenen Messungen über den optischen Eingang (104) der Vorauszahlungseinheit abgelesen werden können.
  10. Eine Einheit nach Anspruch 9, ferner umfassend Mittel (76, 80) für das Unterbrechen der Abgabe des Verbrauchsguts in Reaktion auf unautorisiertes Unterbrechen der optischen Verbindung (62).
  11. Eine Einheit nach Anspruch 9 oder Anspruch 10, welche Einheit ausgebildet ist zum periodischen Ablesen der Messungen des Meßgerätes und zum Berechnen nach jeder solchen Ablesung der Menge an verbleibendem Kredit auf der Basis von Preisinformation, die in der Einheit abgespeichert ist.
  12. Eine Einheit nach Anspruch 10 und Anspruch 11, bei der das Unterbrechungsmittel (70, 80) ausgebildet ist zum Unterbrechen der von ihm gesteuerten Verbrauchsgutabgabe, wenn die Einheit die Meßgerätmessungen während eines vorbestimmten Zeitraumes nicht abliest.
  13. Eine Einheit nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, bei der die optische Verbindung (62) einen optischen Kopf (66) umfaßt, der mit dem optischen Eingang (56) des Meßgerätes (10) gekoppelt ist, und mindestens eine Lichtabstrahlkomponente (68) umfaßt für das Richten von Licht in den optischen Eingang (56), mindestens eine auf Licht reagierende Komponente (70) umfaßt für den Empfang von Licht von dem optischen Eingang (56), und eine elektrische Leitung (72) umfaßt, welche die Komponenten mit dem Rest der Einheit verbindet.
EP90309892A 1989-09-09 1990-09-10 System zur Abgabe von Verbrauchsmitteln Expired - Lifetime EP0419106B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8920446 1989-09-09
GB898920446A GB8920446D0 (en) 1989-09-09 1989-09-09 Electricity metering systems

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0419106A1 EP0419106A1 (de) 1991-03-27
EP0419106B1 true EP0419106B1 (de) 1994-11-30

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EP (1) EP0419106B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE114847T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69014516T2 (de)
GB (2) GB8920446D0 (de)

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US5557518A (en) 1994-04-28 1996-09-17 Citibank, N.A. Trusted agents for open electronic commerce
US7028187B1 (en) 1991-11-15 2006-04-11 Citibank, N.A. Electronic transaction apparatus for electronic commerce
US6088797A (en) * 1994-04-28 2000-07-11 Rosen; Sholom S. Tamper-proof electronic processing device
DE9420924U1 (de) * 1994-12-30 1995-03-02 Hts Elektronik Gmbh Bargeldloses Steuer- und Abrechnungsgerät mit integriertem beglaubigten Elektrizitätszähler zur Abgabe elektrischer Energie mittels frei programmierbarer Datenträger wie Chipkarte oder Touch-Memory
DE29501116U1 (de) * 1994-12-30 1995-06-08 Stepper & Co Vorrichtung zur gesteuerten bargeldlosen Abgabe von elektrischer Energie
US5745886A (en) * 1995-06-07 1998-04-28 Citibank, N.A. Trusted agents for open distribution of electronic money
US5671280A (en) * 1995-08-30 1997-09-23 Citibank, N.A. System and method for commercial payments using trusted agents
GB2305252B (en) * 1995-09-12 1999-04-28 Siemens Measurements Ltd Improvements in or relating to gas meters
GB2307751B (en) * 1995-12-02 1999-02-17 Siemens Measurements Ltd Inprovements in or relating to modular gas meters
DE69735283T2 (de) * 1996-11-16 2006-10-12 Landis+Gyr Ltd. Verbesserungen für und in Bezug auf modulare Gaszähler
GB9623844D0 (en) * 1996-11-16 1997-01-08 Siemens Measurements Ltd Improvements in or relating to modular gas meters
ES2162743B1 (es) * 1997-11-03 2003-02-16 Loimil Francisco J Marque Sistema electronico de control de suministro de agua y electricidad a barcos para puertos comerciales.
ES2162744B1 (es) * 1997-11-03 2003-02-16 Loimil Francisco J Marque Sistema electronico de control de suministro de agua y electricidad a barcos para puertos deportivos.
US6243693B1 (en) * 1998-02-10 2001-06-05 Merlin Gerin S.A. (Proprietary) Limited Token-operated apparatus for communal prepayment water management
CN100392679C (zh) * 2006-03-29 2008-06-04 山西中天科技有限公司 遥控式计量表预付费控制装置
CN106023450A (zh) * 2016-05-16 2016-10-12 成都易信达科技股份有限公司 智能水表
CN106781053B (zh) * 2016-11-30 2019-08-20 杭州海兴电力科技股份有限公司 STS的token识别方法及系统

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GB2062324B (en) * 1979-10-29 1984-05-10 Toll C A Prepayment units for electricity meters
ZA81769B (en) * 1980-02-18 1982-02-24 Sangamo Weston Receivers suitable for use in remotely-operable switching devices and data transmission systems
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GB2153573B (en) * 1984-01-25 1987-04-01 Schlumberger Electronics A prepayment system
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GB8614620D0 (en) * 1986-06-16 1986-07-23 Schlumberger Electronics Uk Commodity metering systems
GB8716987D0 (en) * 1987-07-18 1987-08-26 Smith Meters Ltd Commodity meters

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69014516T2 (de) 1995-06-29
EP0419106A1 (de) 1991-03-27
ATE114847T1 (de) 1994-12-15
GB2236003A (en) 1991-03-20
GB8920446D0 (en) 1989-10-25
GB2236003B (en) 1993-10-27
DE69014516D1 (de) 1995-01-12
GB9019776D0 (en) 1990-10-24

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