EP0413322A1 - Circular or arc-shaped cutter - Google Patents

Circular or arc-shaped cutter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0413322A1
EP0413322A1 EP90115618A EP90115618A EP0413322A1 EP 0413322 A1 EP0413322 A1 EP 0413322A1 EP 90115618 A EP90115618 A EP 90115618A EP 90115618 A EP90115618 A EP 90115618A EP 0413322 A1 EP0413322 A1 EP 0413322A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
tooth
machine knife
cutting edge
flank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90115618A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0413322B1 (en
Inventor
Karl Heinz Balke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BALKE, AXEL
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT90115618T priority Critical patent/ATE86908T1/en
Publication of EP0413322A1 publication Critical patent/EP0413322A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0413322B1 publication Critical patent/EP0413322B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/0046—Cutting members therefor rotating continuously about an axis perpendicular to the edge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/006—Cutting members therefor the cutting blade having a special shape, e.g. a special outline, serrations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circular or arc-shaped machine knife which has a plurality of cutting teeth with concave cutting edges and tooth gaps therebetween, each tooth gap bottom ending in opposite tooth flanks.
  • Such a machine knife is used in particular for cutting bread with a firm rind. It depends on a smooth cut of the material to be cut and a long service life, within which the machine knife does not need to be reground.
  • a machine knife of the type mentioned is known from DE-PS 23 31 806.
  • the tooth flanks of each cutting tooth are of different lengths, so that the tooth flank of the front of each cutting tooth is shorter than the other tooth flank. Due to this construction, when the machine knife rotates, the part of the concave cutting edge of the cutting tooth lying in front of the rear tooth flank contributes to cutting the material to be cut. As a result, the sharpness of the cutting teeth is retained for a relatively long time.
  • the cutting quality of the known machine knife is adversely affected by the fact that the radially projecting tips of the knife, which are formed by the tooth flanks of the cutting teeth located at the back, are at a large distance from one another.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a machine knife of the type mentioned with an improved cutting quality.
  • the object is achieved in that the tooth flanks of each cutting tooth are approximately the same length and the tooth flank lying in front in the cutting direction is sharpened obliquely.
  • the radially protruding tips of the cutting teeth are relatively close together, as a result of which the cutting quality is increased.
  • a rapid dulling of the tooth flank lying at the front in the cutting direction is avoided in that it is sharpened at an angle.
  • the obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank forms a cutting edge, which contributes to cutting the material to be cut. In this way, even with a high contact pressure, as e.g. to penetrate the cutting teeth into the firm rind of bread, a relatively long service life and an optimal cutting quality.
  • the obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank can vary depending on Be trained appropriately.
  • it can have a straight cutting edge.
  • the angle between the straight cutting edge and the radial direction is preferably chosen between 45 o and 60 o .
  • the cutting edge In order to make better use of the cutting edge, in particular for cutting a solid material to be cut, it can also be made concave. In the concave design, the lengths of the cutting edges are increased, which improves the smooth cut even more. The teeth formed at the ends of the cutting edge are more pronounced, so that the cutting teeth can penetrate even better into a solid material to be cut.
  • the obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank can also have a toothed cutting edge.
  • the toothing is particularly advantageous when a high contact pressure is required for cutting.
  • the machine knife shown in FIG. 1 is designed in an arc shape and has a large number of cutting teeth 1 with concave cutting edges 2 and tooth gaps 3 lying between them.
  • the cutting edges 2 are toothed, as indicated in FIG. 1.
  • the tooth gaps 3 are concave.
  • Each tooth space base 4 ends in opposite tooth flanks 5 and 6.
  • the tooth flanks 5 and 6 of each cutting tooth 1 are of approximately the same length, the tooth flank 5 of each cutting tooth 1 lying at the front in the cutting direction being sharpened obliquely.
  • the obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank 5 has a straight cutting edge 7.
  • the cutting edge 7 is made by grinding on one side.
  • the angle between the straight cutting edge 7 and the radial direction is approximately 50 °.
  • Fig. 2 shows on an enlarged scale another embodiment of a cutting tooth 1 'of the cutting knife.
  • the obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank 5 'of this embodiment has a concave cutting edge 7'.
  • the cutting edge 7 ' is, as indicated in Fig. 2, toothed.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing And Processing Devices For Dough (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Knives (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

In a circular or arc-shaped cutter, a multiplicity of cutting teeth (1) having concave cutting edges (2) and intermediate tooth spaces (3) are present, each bottom land (4) ending in opposite tooth flanks (5, 6). To achieve a long service life and good cutting quality of the cutter, the tooth flanks (5, 6) of each cutting tooth (1) are approximately the same length and the tooth flank (5), located at the front in the cutting direction, of each cutting tooth (1) being bevelled. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein kreis- oder bogenförmiges Maschinenmesser, das eine Vielzahl von Schneidzähnen mit konkaven Schneiden und dazwischen liegenden Zahnlücken aufweist, wobei jeder Zahnlückengrund in gegenüberliegende Zahnflanken ausläuft.The invention relates to a circular or arc-shaped machine knife which has a plurality of cutting teeth with concave cutting edges and tooth gaps therebetween, each tooth gap bottom ending in opposite tooth flanks.

Ein derartiges Maschinenmesser dient insbesondere zum Schneiden von Brot mit fester Rinde. Dabei kommt es auf einen glatten Schnitt des Schneidgutes und eine lange Standzeit an, innerhalb der das Maschinenmesser nicht nachgeschliffen zu werden braucht.Such a machine knife is used in particular for cutting bread with a firm rind. It depends on a smooth cut of the material to be cut and a long service life, within which the machine knife does not need to be reground.

Ein Maschinenmesser der genannten Art ist aus der DE-PS 23 31 806 bekannt. Bei diesem Maschinenmesser sind die Zahnflanken jedes Schneidzahns unterschiedlich lang ausge­bildet, so daß die in Schneidrichtung vorn liegende Zahnflanke jedes Schneidzahns kürzer ist als die andere Zahnflanke. Aufgrund dieser Konstruktion trägt bei Rotation des Maschinenmessers der vor der hinteren Zahnflanke liegende Teil der konkaven Schneide des Schneidzahns zum Schneiden des Schneidgutes bei. Dies hat zur Folge, daß die Schärfe der Schneidzähne relativ lange erhalten bleibt.A machine knife of the type mentioned is known from DE-PS 23 31 806. In this machine knife, the tooth flanks of each cutting tooth are of different lengths, so that the tooth flank of the front of each cutting tooth is shorter than the other tooth flank. Due to this construction, when the machine knife rotates, the part of the concave cutting edge of the cutting tooth lying in front of the rear tooth flank contributes to cutting the material to be cut. As a result, the sharpness of the cutting teeth is retained for a relatively long time.

Die Schneidqualität des bekannten Maschinenmessers wird jedoch dadurch beeinträchtigt, daß die radial vorstehenden Spitzen des Messers, die durch die hinten liegenden Zahnflanken der Schneidzähne gebildet werden, einen großen Abstand voneinander haben.However, the cutting quality of the known machine knife is adversely affected by the fact that the radially projecting tips of the knife, which are formed by the tooth flanks of the cutting teeth located at the back, are at a large distance from one another.

Dieser Nachteil kann nicht einfach dadurch beseitigt werden, daß die vordere und hintere Zahnflanke der Schneidzähne in gleicher Länge ausgebildet werden. Dabei würde die durch die vordere Zahnflanke gebildete Spitze beim Eindringen der Schneidzähne in ein festes Schneidgut, z.B. die Rinde eines Brotes, einer relativ hohen Belastung ausgesetzt und daher schnell abgenutzt werden. Hierdurch würde die Standzeit des Maschinenmessers beträchtlich herabgesetzt. Die vorzeitig stumpf gewordene vordere Spitze der Schneidzähne würde das Schneidgut, z.B. das Brot, aufreißen, wodurch der gewünschte glatte Schnitt nicht erzielt werden könnte.This disadvantage cannot be eliminated simply by forming the front and rear tooth flanks of the cutting teeth in the same length. The tip formed by the front tooth flank would penetrate the cutting teeth into a solid material to be cut, e.g. the rind of a bread, exposed to a relatively high load and therefore quickly worn out. This would considerably reduce the service life of the machine knife. The prematurely blunted front tip of the cutting teeth would the bread, tear open, whereby the desired smooth cut could not be achieved.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Maschinenmesser der eingangs genannten Art mit einer verbesserten Schneid­qualität zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a machine knife of the type mentioned with an improved cutting quality.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Zahnflanken jedes Schneidzahns etwa gleich lang sind und die in Schneidrichtung vorn liegende Zahnflanke jedes Schneidzahns schräg angeschärft ist.The object is achieved in that the tooth flanks of each cutting tooth are approximately the same length and the tooth flank lying in front in the cutting direction is sharpened obliquely.

Aufgrund der erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion liegen die radial vorstehenden Spitzen der Schneidzähne relativ eng beieinander, wodurch die Schneidqualität erhöht wird. Ein schnelles Abstumpfen der in Schneidrichtung vorn liegenden Zahnflanke wird dadurch vermieden, daß diese schräg angeschärft ist. Der schräg angeschärfte Bereich der Zahnflanke bildet eine Schneide, die zum Schneiden des Schneidgutes beiträgt. Auf diese Weise wird selbst bei einem hohen Anpreßdruck, wie er z.B. zum Eindringen der Schneidzähne in die feste Rinde eines Brotes erforderlich ist, eine relativ lange Standzeit und eine optimale Schneidqualität erzielt.Due to the construction according to the invention, the radially protruding tips of the cutting teeth are relatively close together, as a result of which the cutting quality is increased. A rapid dulling of the tooth flank lying at the front in the cutting direction is avoided in that it is sharpened at an angle. The obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank forms a cutting edge, which contributes to cutting the material to be cut. In this way, even with a high contact pressure, as e.g. to penetrate the cutting teeth into the firm rind of bread, a relatively long service life and an optimal cutting quality.

Der schräg angeschärfte Bereich der Zahnflanke kann je nach Bedarf geeignet ausgebildet sein. Er kann z.B. eine gerade Schneidkante aufweisen. Dabei wird der Winkel zwischen der geraden Schneidkante und der radialen Richtung vorzugsweise zwischen 45o und 60o gewählt.The obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank can vary depending on Be trained appropriately. For example, it can have a straight cutting edge. The angle between the straight cutting edge and the radial direction is preferably chosen between 45 o and 60 o .

Um die Schneidkante insbesondere zum Schneiden eines festen Schneidgutes noch besser auszunutzen, kann diese auch konkav gestaltet sein. Bei der konkaven Gestaltung sind die Längen der Schneidkanten vergrößert, was den glatten Schnitt noch verbessert. Die an den Enden der Schneidkante ausgebildeten Zähne sind stärker ausgeprägt, so daß die Schneidzähne noch besser in ein festes Schneidgut eindringen können.In order to make better use of the cutting edge, in particular for cutting a solid material to be cut, it can also be made concave. In the concave design, the lengths of the cutting edges are increased, which improves the smooth cut even more. The teeth formed at the ends of the cutting edge are more pronounced, so that the cutting teeth can penetrate even better into a solid material to be cut.

In einer anderen Ausführung kann der schräg angeschärfte Bereich der Zahnflanke auch eine verzahnte Schneidkante aufweisen. Die Verzahnung ist insbesondere dann vorteil­haft, wenn zum Schneiden ein hoher Anpreßdruck erforderlich ist.In another embodiment, the obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank can also have a toothed cutting edge. The toothing is particularly advantageous when a high contact pressure is required for cutting.

Im folgenden werden zwei Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht eines Maschinenmessers im Ausschnitt und
  • Fig. 2 einen Schneidzahn eines anderen Maschinen­messers in gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößertem Maßstab.
Two exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 is a side view of a machine knife in section and
  • Fig. 2 shows a cutting tooth of another machine knife on an enlarged scale compared to Fig. 1.

Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Maschinenmesser ist bogenförmig gestaltet und weist eine Vielzahl von Schneidzähnen 1 mit konkaven Schneiden 2 und dazwischen liegenden Zahnlücken 3 auf. Die Schneiden 2 sind, wie in Fig. 1 angedeutet, verzahnt. Die Zahnlücken 3 sind konkav ausgebildet.The machine knife shown in FIG. 1 is designed in an arc shape and has a large number of cutting teeth 1 with concave cutting edges 2 and tooth gaps 3 lying between them. The cutting edges 2 are toothed, as indicated in FIG. 1. The tooth gaps 3 are concave.

Jeder Zahnlückengrund 4 läuft in gegenüberliegende Zahnflanken 5 und 6 aus. Die Zahnflanken 5 und 6 eines jeden Schneidzahns 1 sind etwa gleich lang, wobei die in Schneidrichtung vorn liegende Zahnflanke 5 eines jeden Schneidzahns 1 schräg angeschärft ist.Each tooth space base 4 ends in opposite tooth flanks 5 and 6. The tooth flanks 5 and 6 of each cutting tooth 1 are of approximately the same length, the tooth flank 5 of each cutting tooth 1 lying at the front in the cutting direction being sharpened obliquely.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel weist der schräg angeschärfte Bereich der Zahnflanke 5 eine gerade Schneidkante 7 auf. Die Schneidkante 7 ist durch einseitiges Anschleifen hergestellt. Der Winkel zwischen der geraden Schneidkante 7 und der radialen Richtung beträgt etwa 50°.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank 5 has a straight cutting edge 7. The cutting edge 7 is made by grinding on one side. The angle between the straight cutting edge 7 and the radial direction is approximately 50 °.

Fig. 2 zeigt in vergrößertem Maßstab eine andere Ausführung eines Schneidzahns 1′ des Schneidmessers. Der schräg angeschärfte Bereich der Zahnflanke 5′ dieses Ausführungs­beispiels weist eine konkave Schneidkante 7′auf. Die Schneidkante 7′ ist weiterhin, wie in Fig. 2 angedeutet ist, verzahnt.Fig. 2 shows on an enlarged scale another embodiment of a cutting tooth 1 'of the cutting knife. The obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank 5 'of this embodiment has a concave cutting edge 7'. The cutting edge 7 'is, as indicated in Fig. 2, toothed.

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

  • 1 Schneidzahn1 cutting tooth
  • 1′ Schneidzahn1 ′ cutting tooth
  • 2 Schneide2 cutting edge
  • 3 Zahnlücke3 tooth gap
  • 4 Zahnlückengrund4 tooth gap reason
  • 5 Zahnflanke5 tooth flank
  • 5′ Zahnflanke5 ′ tooth flank
  • 6 Zahnflanke6 tooth flank
  • 7 Schneidkante7 cutting edge
  • 7′ Schneidkante7 ′ cutting edge

Claims (5)

1. Kreis- oder bogenförmiges Maschinenmesser, das eine Viel­zahl von Schneidzähnen mit konkaven Schneiden und dazwischen liegenden Zahnlücken aufweist, wobei jeder Zahn­lückengrund in gegenüberliegende Zahnflanken ausläuft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zahn­flanken (5,6; 5′,6) jedes Schneidzahns (1;1′) etwa gleich lang sind und die in Schneidrichtung vorn liegende Zahn­flanke (5;5′) jedes Schneidzahns (1;1′) schräg angeschärft ist.1. Circular or arc-shaped machine knife, which has a plurality of cutting teeth with concave cutting edges and intermediate tooth gaps, each bottom of the gap ending in opposite tooth flanks, characterized in that the tooth flanks (5,6; 5 ', 6) of each cutting tooth (1st ; 1 ') are approximately the same length and the tooth flank (5; 5') of each cutting tooth (1; 1 ') lying in the cutting direction is sharpened at an angle. 2. Maschinenmesser nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der schräg angeschärfte Bereich der Zahnflanke (5) eine gerade Schneidkante (7) aufweist.2. Machine knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank (5) has a straight cutting edge (7). 3. Maschinenmesser nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Winkel zwischen der geraden Schneidkante (7) und der radialen Richtung zwischen 45° und 60° liegt.3. Machine knife according to claim 2, characterized in that the angle between the straight cutting edge (7) and the radial direction is between 45 ° and 60 °. 4. Maschinenmesser nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der schräg angeschärfte Bereich der Zahnflanke (5′) eine konkave Schneidkante (7′) aufweist.4. Machine knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank (5 ') has a concave cutting edge (7'). 5. Maschinenmesser nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der schräg angeschärfte Bereich der Zahnflanke (5′) eine verzahnte Schneidkante (7′) aufweist.5. Machine knife according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the obliquely sharpened area of the tooth flank (5 ') has a toothed cutting edge (7').
EP90115618A 1989-08-18 1990-08-16 Circular or arc-shaped cutter Expired - Lifetime EP0413322B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90115618T ATE86908T1 (en) 1989-08-18 1990-08-16 CIRCULAR OR ARC-SHAPED MACHINE KNIFE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3927262A DE3927262A1 (en) 1989-08-18 1989-08-18 CIRCULAR OR ARCED MACHINE KNIFE
DE3927262 1989-08-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0413322A1 true EP0413322A1 (en) 1991-02-20
EP0413322B1 EP0413322B1 (en) 1993-03-17

Family

ID=6387352

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90115618A Expired - Lifetime EP0413322B1 (en) 1989-08-18 1990-08-16 Circular or arc-shaped cutter

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0413322B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE86908T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3927262A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0413322T3 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0515805A1 (en) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-02 Axel Balke Tool for dividing and handling slaughter material
EP0661141A1 (en) * 1993-12-04 1995-07-05 Axel Balke Knife for dividing and carving in particular for slaughter material
CN103624856A (en) * 2013-12-18 2014-03-12 蓝帜（南京）工具有限公司 Scraper for processing concave profile of wood and plastic sheet materials

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019201519A1 (en) * 2019-02-06 2020-08-06 Hagedorn Spiralmesser GmbH Toothed cutting knife

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2260134A1 (en) * 1972-12-08 1974-06-12 Balke Karl Heinz CIRCULAR OR ARC-SHAPED KNIFE FOR MACHINERY FOR CUTTING WITH FIXED BARK, SKIN O.DGL. WRAPPED CUTTING MATERIAL
DE2331806A1 (en) * 1973-06-22 1975-01-16 Karl Heinz Balke Circular knife for bread slicing machine - has concave teeth each with one flank longer than other
CH631379A5 (en) * 1977-06-21 1982-08-13 Partek Ab METHOD FOR REACHING A DUST-FREE CUT IN MINERAL WOOL LAYERS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2260134A1 (en) * 1972-12-08 1974-06-12 Balke Karl Heinz CIRCULAR OR ARC-SHAPED KNIFE FOR MACHINERY FOR CUTTING WITH FIXED BARK, SKIN O.DGL. WRAPPED CUTTING MATERIAL
DE2331806A1 (en) * 1973-06-22 1975-01-16 Karl Heinz Balke Circular knife for bread slicing machine - has concave teeth each with one flank longer than other
CH631379A5 (en) * 1977-06-21 1982-08-13 Partek Ab METHOD FOR REACHING A DUST-FREE CUT IN MINERAL WOOL LAYERS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD.

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0515805A1 (en) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-02 Axel Balke Tool for dividing and handling slaughter material
EP0661141A1 (en) * 1993-12-04 1995-07-05 Axel Balke Knife for dividing and carving in particular for slaughter material
CN103624856A (en) * 2013-12-18 2014-03-12 蓝帜（南京）工具有限公司 Scraper for processing concave profile of wood and plastic sheet materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3927262C2 (en) 1992-12-17
DE3927262A1 (en) 1991-02-21
DK0413322T3 (en) 1993-07-26
EP0413322B1 (en) 1993-03-17
DE59001038D1 (en) 1993-04-22
ATE86908T1 (en) 1993-04-15

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