EP0408956A2 - Vaned impeller - Google Patents

Vaned impeller Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0408956A2
EP0408956A2 EP90112515A EP90112515A EP0408956A2 EP 0408956 A2 EP0408956 A2 EP 0408956A2 EP 90112515 A EP90112515 A EP 90112515A EP 90112515 A EP90112515 A EP 90112515A EP 0408956 A2 EP0408956 A2 EP 0408956A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
impeller
hub
flow
radial
impeller according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90112515A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0408956B1 (en
EP0408956A3 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Schmidtke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP0408956A2 publication Critical patent/EP0408956A2/en
Publication of EP0408956A3 publication Critical patent/EP0408956A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0408956B1 publication Critical patent/EP0408956B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/281—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for fans or blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/287—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps with adjusting means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to impellers, such as those used as ventilation impellers for hot or cold gas circulation.
  • the wing cross sections of such impellers are generally designed as aerodynamically shaped wing profiles.
  • the problem can arise that the flow profile is changed by icing of the blades, as a result of which the flow conditions are deteriorated and the volume flow rate is reduced.
  • the speed of the impeller can be increased at most, but this has a disadvantageous effect on the noise level and the power consumption.
  • the present invention has for its object to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide an impeller that enables a high volume flow rate at low speed.
  • a wing is provided in the direction of rotation open hollow section which has an axial inlet extension in the hub area and is provided at the outer end with a radial outlet opening and a deflecting element curved towards the outflow side.
  • a box profile can be used as the hollow profile.
  • Such a flow pattern favors the exchange of energy in cooling and heating processes and remains essentially unaffected by icing when used in the cooling area, since the radial flow does not change.
  • a constant high volume flow circulation is achieved with a relatively low speed, low noise level and low power consumption.
  • An impeller of the type according to the invention saves weight and space and is easy to manufacture, easy to clean and repair.
  • the flow formation of the impeller can be further improved if a baffle plate is arranged on the plane of the impeller opposite the hub inflow side.
  • the deflection elements For individual adaptation of the volume flow generated by the impeller to special environments, it is expedient to design the deflection elements to be adjustable.
  • impeller according to the invention in cold gas circulation in the deep-freeze area is particularly advantageous because of the icing problem already described.
  • Such an impeller also proves to be well suited for use in heating and air conditioning technology. It is also conceivable to use the impeller as a dispersing blade or for the gas entry in liquids or for mixing liquids of different densities.
  • the impeller consists of a hub 1 with vanes 2 arranged perpendicular to it and fastened thereon. For example, a total of three vanes can be provided.
  • the hub 1 is driven by a shaft 3, which is connected to a drive, not shown in the figures.
  • the impeller is arranged in front of a body 4 to be charged with a volume flow, which is not shown in detail. It can be a heat exchanger.
  • Each wing 2 consists of a box-shaped hollow profile which is of constant or tapered cross-section from the area near the hub to the outer end.
  • the hollow profile is open in the direction of rotation.
  • An axial inlet widening 5 facing the upstream side is provided in the wing area near the hub.
  • the hollow profile has a radial outlet opening 6, which can also be widened somewhat in the axial direction towards the outflow side.
  • a deflection element 7 is provided, which can be adjustable and is curved towards the outflow side.
  • a baffle plate 8 is arranged on the plane of the impeller opposite the hub inflow side.
  • the action of the impeller is as follows: The rotation in the direction of the open sides of the vanes 2 creates radial flows on or in the hollow profiles, which emerge from the hollow profiles at the outer ends and are deflected by the deflecting elements in the axial direction, ie towards the body 4 will. This also creates a negative pressure in the area of the inlet extension 5, causing a partial flow from the axial Flow direction is returned, so that an internal vane flow forms (symbolized by arrows), which is brought into a spiral radial flow due to the rotary movement of the impeller.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

In order to improve the exchange of energy between cooling and heating processes a vaned impeller is proposed, the vanes 2 of which consist of a hollow profile open in the direction of rotation, which in the area close to the hub has an axial inlet expansion 5 on the admission side and is provided on the outside end with a radial outlet aperture 6 together with a baffle element 7 curved in the direction towards the outflow side. In this way a spiral, radial flow behaviour is produced by means of which a high volume or mass flow circulation rate is achieved at low speed.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Flügelräder, wie sie beispielsweise als Ventilationsflügelräder zur Warm- oder Kaltgaszirkulation eingesetzt werden.The invention relates to impellers, such as those used as ventilation impellers for hot or cold gas circulation.

Die Flügelquerschnitte derartiger Flügelräder sind im allgemeinen als aerodynamisch ausgeformte Flügelprofile ausgeführt. Beim Einsatz dieser Flügelräder im Tiefkühlbereich kann sich das Problem ergeben, daß durch Vereisung der Flügel das Strömungsprofil verändert wird, wodurch die Strömungs­verhältnisse verschlechtert werden und sich der Volumen­stromdurchsatz verringert. Damit der Volumenstromdurchsatz wieder das gewünschte Niveau erreicht, kann daher allenfalls die Drehzahl des Flügelrades erhöht werden, was sich jedoch nachteilig auf den Geräuschpegel und die Leistungsaufnahme auswirkt.The wing cross sections of such impellers are generally designed as aerodynamically shaped wing profiles. When using these impellers in the deep-freeze area, the problem can arise that the flow profile is changed by icing of the blades, as a result of which the flow conditions are deteriorated and the volume flow rate is reduced. In order for the volume flow rate to reach the desired level again, the speed of the impeller can be increased at most, but this has a disadvantageous effect on the noise level and the power consumption.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die genannten Nachteile zu vermeiden und ein Flügelrad zur Verfügung zu stellen, das einen hohen Volumenstromdurchsatz bei geringer Drehzahl ermöglicht.The present invention has for its object to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to provide an impeller that enables a high volume flow rate at low speed.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß als Flügel jeweils ein in Drehrichtung offenes Hohlprofil vorgesehen ist, das im Nabenbereich eine axiale Einlaß­erweiterung aufweist und am Außenende mit einer radialen Auslaßöffnung sowie einem in Richtung zur Ausströmseite gekrümmten Umlenkelement versehen ist. Als Hohlprofil kann dabei ein Kastenprofil Verwendung finden. Bei Drehung des Flügelrades wird innerhalb jedes Flügelprofils eine Radialströmung erzeugt, die durch die Umlenkelemente am Außenende in axiale Richtung abgelenkt wird und anschließend auf das zu beaufschlagende Objekt, z.B. einen Wärmetauscher, trifft. Durch einen im Nabenbereich des Flügelrades infolge der Radialströmung anstehenden Unterdruck wird ein Teilstrom der am Außenende jedes Flügels umgelenkten Strömung zu der Flügelrad­nabe zurückgeführt. Es entsteht also eine Kreisströmung an jedem Flügel, die durch die Überlagerung mit der senkrecht zur Kreisströmung erfolgenden Drehbewegung des Flügelrades zu einem spiralförmig radialen Strömungsverlauf zwischen dem Flügelrad und dem mit dem Volumenstrom zu beaufschlagenden Objekt führt. Ein derartiger Strömungsverlauf begünstigt den Energieaustausch bei Kühl- und Heizprozessen und bleibt im wesentlichen unbeeinflußt von einer Vereisung bei Einsatz im Kühlbereich, da sich die Radialströmung nicht ändert. Es wird also eine gleichbleibende hohe Volumenstromumwälzung bei relativ kleiner Drehzahl, niedrigem Geräuschniveau und geringer Leistungs­aufnahme erreicht.This object is achieved in that a wing is provided in the direction of rotation open hollow section which has an axial inlet extension in the hub area and is provided at the outer end with a radial outlet opening and a deflecting element curved towards the outflow side. A box profile can be used as the hollow profile. When the impeller rotates, a radial flow is generated within each airfoil, which is deflected in the axial direction by the deflecting elements at the outer end and then onto the object to be loaded, e.g. a heat exchanger. A partial flow of the flow deflected at the outer end of each vane is returned to the vane wheel hub by a negative pressure present in the hub area of the impeller as a result of the radial flow. A circular flow thus arises on each vane, which, due to the superposition with the rotary movement of the impeller perpendicular to the circular flow, leads to a spiral radial flow flow between the impeller and the object to be charged with the volume flow. Such a flow pattern favors the exchange of energy in cooling and heating processes and remains essentially unaffected by icing when used in the cooling area, since the radial flow does not change. A constant high volume flow circulation is achieved with a relatively low speed, low noise level and low power consumption.

Ein Flügelrad der erfindungsgemäßen Art ist gewichts- und raumsparend sowie einfach herstellbar, leicht zu reinigen und zu reparieren.An impeller of the type according to the invention saves weight and space and is easy to manufacture, easy to clean and repair.

Um eine möglichst effektive Radialströmung an den einzelnen Flügeln zu erzeugen, ist es gemäß einer Weiterbildung des Erfindungsgegenstands vorteilhaft, die Flügel senkrecht zur Antriebsnabe in einer gemeinsamen Ebene anzuordnen.In order to generate the most effective radial flow on the individual vanes, it is advantageous according to a further development of the subject matter of the invention to arrange the vanes perpendicular to the drive hub in a common plane.

Die Strömungsausbildung des Flügelrades kann weiter verbessert werden, wenn auf der der Nabenanströmseite gegenüberliegenden Ebene des Flügelrades eine Stauscheibe angeordnet ist.The flow formation of the impeller can be further improved if a baffle plate is arranged on the plane of the impeller opposite the hub inflow side.

Zur individuellen Anpassung der von dem Flügelrad erzeugten Volumenströmung an spezielle Umgebungen ist es zweckmäßig, die Umlenkelemente einstellbar auszubilden.For individual adaptation of the volume flow generated by the impeller to special environments, it is expedient to design the deflection elements to be adjustable.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Flügelrades bei der Kaltgaszirkulation im Tiefkühlbereich wegen der bereits beschriebenen Vereisungsproblematik. Aber auch für den Einsatz in Heizungs- und Klimatechnik erweist sich ein solches Flügelrad als gut geeignet. Es ist auch denkbar, das Flügelrad als Dispergierflügel bzw. für den Gaseintrag in Flüssigkeiten zu verwenden oder zur Mischung von Flüssigkeiten unterschiedlicher Dichte.The use of the impeller according to the invention in cold gas circulation in the deep-freeze area is particularly advantageous because of the icing problem already described. Such an impeller also proves to be well suited for use in heating and air conditioning technology. It is also conceivable to use the impeller as a dispersing blade or for the gas entry in liquids or for mixing liquids of different densities.

Die Erfindung soll anhand der nachstehenden schematischen Figuren in einem Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt werden.The invention is to be illustrated in an exemplary embodiment on the basis of the schematic figures below.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 Einen Schnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Flügelrad;
  • Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf das Flügelrad gemäß Ansicht A in Figur 1;
  • Figur 3 einen Schnitt durch einen Flügel gemäß Linie III - III in Figur 2.
Show it:
  • Figure 1 shows a section through an impeller according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the impeller according to view A in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a section through a wing according to line III-III in FIG. 2.

Das Flügelrad besteht aus einer Nabe 1 mit senkrecht dazu angeordneten und daran befestigten Flügeln 2. Beispielsweise können insgesamt drei Flügel vorgesehen sein. Die Nabe 1 wird von einer Welle 3 getrieben, die mit einem in den Figuren nicht dargestellten Antrieb verbunden ist. Das Flügelrad ist vor einem mit einem Volumenstrom zu beaufschlagenden Körper 4 angeordnet, der nicht näher dargestellt ist. Es kann sich dabei um einen Wärmetauscher handeln. Jeder Flügel 2 besteht aus einem kastenförmigen Hohlprofil, das im Querschnitt von dem nabennahen Bereich bis zum Außenende hin gleichbleibend oder sich verjüngend ausgebildet ist. Das Hohlprofil ist in Drehrichtung offen. Im nabenahen Flügelbereich ist eine der Anströmseite zugewandte axiale Einlaßerweiterung 5 vorgesehen. Am Außenende weist das Hohlprofil eine radiale Auslaßöffnung 6 auf, die auch etwas in axialer Richtung zur Ausströmseite hin erweitert sein kann.The impeller consists of a hub 1 with vanes 2 arranged perpendicular to it and fastened thereon. For example, a total of three vanes can be provided. The hub 1 is driven by a shaft 3, which is connected to a drive, not shown in the figures. The impeller is arranged in front of a body 4 to be charged with a volume flow, which is not shown in detail. It can be a heat exchanger. Each wing 2 consists of a box-shaped hollow profile which is of constant or tapered cross-section from the area near the hub to the outer end. The hollow profile is open in the direction of rotation. An axial inlet widening 5 facing the upstream side is provided in the wing area near the hub. At the outer end, the hollow profile has a radial outlet opening 6, which can also be widened somewhat in the axial direction towards the outflow side.

Am Außenende jedes Flügels 2 ist ein Umlenkelement 7 vorgesehen, das verstellbar sein kann und zur Ausströmseite hin gekrümmt ist. Auf der der Nabenanströmseite gegenüberliegenden Ebene des Flügelrades ist eine Stauscheibe 8 angeordnet.At the outer end of each wing 2, a deflection element 7 is provided, which can be adjustable and is curved towards the outflow side. A baffle plate 8 is arranged on the plane of the impeller opposite the hub inflow side.

Die Wirkungsweise des Flügelrades ist wie folgt: Durch die Drehung in Richtung der offenen Seiten der Flügel 2 entstehen an bzw. in den Hohlprofilen Radialströmungen, die an den Außenenden aus den Hohlprofilen austreten und von den Umlenkelementen in axialer Richtung, d.h. zum Körper 4 hin umgelenkt werden. Dabei entsteht auch ein Unterdruck im Bereich der Einlaßerweiterung 5, wodurch ein Teilstrom aus der axialen Strömungsrichtung zurückgeführt wird, so daß sich eine flügelinterne Kreisströmung bildet (durch Pfeile symbolisiert), die infolge der Drehbewegung des Flügelrades in spiralförmig radialen Strömungsverlauf gebracht wird.The action of the impeller is as follows: The rotation in the direction of the open sides of the vanes 2 creates radial flows on or in the hollow profiles, which emerge from the hollow profiles at the outer ends and are deflected by the deflecting elements in the axial direction, ie towards the body 4 will. This also creates a negative pressure in the area of the inlet extension 5, causing a partial flow from the axial Flow direction is returned, so that an internal vane flow forms (symbolized by arrows), which is brought into a spiral radial flow due to the rotary movement of the impeller.

Claims (5)

1. Flügelrad, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Flügel (2) jeweils ein in Drehrichtung offenes Hohlprofil vorgesehen ist, das im Nabenbereich eine axiale Einlaßerweiterung (5) aufweist und am Außenende mit einer radialen Auslaßöffnung (6) sowie einem in Richtung zur Ausströmseite gekrümmten Umlenkelement (7) versehen ist.1. Impeller, characterized in that as a wing (2) is provided in the direction of rotation open hollow profile, which has an axial inlet extension (5) in the hub area and at the outer end with a radial outlet opening (6) and a deflecting element curved in the direction of the outflow side (7) is provided. 2. Flügelrad nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flügel (2) senkrecht zur Antriebsnabe (1) in einer gemeinsamen Ebene angeordnet sind.2. Impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades (2) are arranged perpendicular to the drive hub (1) in a common plane. 3. Flügelrad nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf der der Einlaßerweiterung gegenüberliegenden Ebene des Flügelrades eine Stauscheibe (8) angeordnet ist.3. Impeller according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a baffle plate (8) is arranged on the plane of the impeller opposite the inlet extension. 4. Flügelrad nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umlenkelemente (7) einstellbar sind.4. Impeller according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the deflection elements (7) are adjustable. 5. Anwendung eines Flügelrades nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche bei der Kaltgaszirkulation im Tiefkühlbereich.5. Application of an impeller according to one of the preceding claims in the cold gas circulation in the deep-freeze area.
EP90112515A 1989-07-18 1990-06-30 Vaned impeller Expired - Lifetime EP0408956B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3923779A DE3923779A1 (en) 1989-07-18 1989-07-18 WING WHEEL
DE3923779 1989-07-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0408956A2 true EP0408956A2 (en) 1991-01-23
EP0408956A3 EP0408956A3 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0408956B1 EP0408956B1 (en) 1995-01-18

Family

ID=6385307

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90112515A Expired - Lifetime EP0408956B1 (en) 1989-07-18 1990-06-30 Vaned impeller

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0408956B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE117411T1 (en)
AU (1) AU632341B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9003426A (en)
DE (2) DE3923779A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2069630T3 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1158177A1 (en) * 2000-05-23 2001-11-28 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Fan
EP1376036A1 (en) * 2002-06-25 2004-01-02 SOL S.p.A. Deep-freezing apparatus, particularly for food products, with high efficiency of heat exchange between the cryogenic gas and the products to be frozen
CN103452902A (en) * 2013-08-21 2013-12-18 谢坤 Compressed air collection device
US9126176B2 (en) 2012-05-11 2015-09-08 Caisson Technology Group LLC Bubble implosion reactor cavitation device, subassembly, and methods for utilizing the same

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1074017A (en) * 1912-04-24 1913-09-23 William F Rothenberg Ventilating-fan.
US2104306A (en) * 1935-07-10 1938-01-04 Mcleod George Harnett Screw propeller
US2385070A (en) * 1941-10-08 1945-09-18 Gant Leslie Fan
DE1033839B (en) * 1956-03-15 1958-07-10 Rudolf Hingst Dipl Ing Fan impeller with axial inflow and opposite axial outflow
DE2627344A1 (en) * 1976-06-18 1977-12-22 Richard Engels Noise attenuating type centrifugal fan impeller - has blades between annular intake disc and shallow conical rearward disc overhanging blades and intake disc

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1074017A (en) * 1912-04-24 1913-09-23 William F Rothenberg Ventilating-fan.
US2104306A (en) * 1935-07-10 1938-01-04 Mcleod George Harnett Screw propeller
US2385070A (en) * 1941-10-08 1945-09-18 Gant Leslie Fan
DE1033839B (en) * 1956-03-15 1958-07-10 Rudolf Hingst Dipl Ing Fan impeller with axial inflow and opposite axial outflow
DE2627344A1 (en) * 1976-06-18 1977-12-22 Richard Engels Noise attenuating type centrifugal fan impeller - has blades between annular intake disc and shallow conical rearward disc overhanging blades and intake disc

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1158177A1 (en) * 2000-05-23 2001-11-28 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Fan
FR2809481A1 (en) * 2000-05-23 2001-11-30 Air Liquide FAN DESIGNED IN PARTICULAR TO EQUIP A REFRIGERATION TUNNEL FOR PRODUCTS SUCH AS FOOD PRODUCTS AND TUNNEL EQUIPPED WITH A SET OF THESE FANS
EP1376036A1 (en) * 2002-06-25 2004-01-02 SOL S.p.A. Deep-freezing apparatus, particularly for food products, with high efficiency of heat exchange between the cryogenic gas and the products to be frozen
US9126176B2 (en) 2012-05-11 2015-09-08 Caisson Technology Group LLC Bubble implosion reactor cavitation device, subassembly, and methods for utilizing the same
US9682356B2 (en) 2012-05-11 2017-06-20 Kcs678 Llc Bubble implosion reactor cavitation device, subassembly, and methods for utilizing the same
CN103452902A (en) * 2013-08-21 2013-12-18 谢坤 Compressed air collection device
CN103452902B (en) * 2013-08-21 2015-12-30 谢坤 Pressurized air gathering-device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5809490A (en) 1991-01-24
AU632341B2 (en) 1992-12-24
DE3923779A1 (en) 1991-01-31
EP0408956B1 (en) 1995-01-18
ATE117411T1 (en) 1995-02-15
ES2069630T3 (en) 1995-05-16
EP0408956A3 (en) 1992-01-02
BR9003426A (en) 1991-08-27
DE59008287D1 (en) 1995-03-02

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