EP0408569B1 - Shaft - Google Patents

Shaft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0408569B1
EP0408569B1 EP89902254A EP89902254A EP0408569B1 EP 0408569 B1 EP0408569 B1 EP 0408569B1 EP 89902254 A EP89902254 A EP 89902254A EP 89902254 A EP89902254 A EP 89902254A EP 0408569 B1 EP0408569 B1 EP 0408569B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
bearing
parts
adjacent
sleeves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89902254A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0408569A1 (en
Inventor
Horst SCHÄFER
Günter Beiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KSB AG
Original Assignee
KSB AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KSB AG filed Critical KSB AG
Priority to AT89902254T priority Critical patent/ATE76675T1/en
Publication of EP0408569A1 publication Critical patent/EP0408569A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0408569B1 publication Critical patent/EP0408569B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/20—Mounting rotors on shafts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the shaft of a centrifugal pump according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • DE-B-10 44 621 shows a shaft that has its maximum thickness in the area of the drive and tapers continuously up to the opposite shaft end.
  • a collar is provided in the area of the drive against which the inner ring of a roller bearing rests.
  • the impeller is positioned on the shaft with the help of spacer rings as well as shaft protection sleeves and a conical surface, and a tensioning device attached to the outer end of the shaft keeps the individual parts arranged on the shaft together. This requires a great deal of effort during production, since the machining of the shaft provides for a large number of fits.
  • the assembly also requires precise adjustment of the individual parts.
  • the shaft is formed in two parts, the coupling of the two shaft parts being carried out by means of spur gearing.
  • the one shaft part is provided with a clamping bolt, over which the other shaft part is pushed and the two shaft parts are clamped together by a screw connection.
  • the impellers are pushed onto shoulders of the shaft and are held in place by circlips. Necks pushed onto the shaft ends serve to accommodate the bearings and the gland seals.
  • the bearings are held in their position by means of threads cut on or in the shaft ends and appropriately attached screw elements.
  • the clamping mechanism for the shaft connection is located outside the bearings, at the outer shaft end.
  • the DD-A-126 125 shows a shaft corresponding to the generic term.
  • separate clamping devices are provided on the shaft ends. Under the influence of heat or overloading, permanent deformations can occur inside the shaft, which can lead to the shaft breaking or the connection becoming loose.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a rotor for a turbomachine, the parts can be easily manufactured and assembled and disassembled in a low cost. This object is achieved in accordance with the characterizing part of the main claim.
  • the spring elements which are arranged between the parts mounted on the shaft and the clamping device, bring about a reliable contact of the individual parts under all operating conditions.
  • the pre-tensioning forces also protect against rotation.
  • the spring elements can be designed as disc springs, ring springs or the like. This enables a space-saving design with high security against unintentional loosening.
  • the shaft has a constant diameter in the area of the shaft protection sleeves, spacer sleeves and impellers mounted on it.
  • Shaft ends In the area of the shaft bearings Shaft ends have the same or smaller shaft diameters. This enables the use of drawn round material for shaft production. Time-consuming adjustment and fitting work and the associated controls can be omitted.
  • a turbomachine (1) here a centrifugal pump with a single-stage design.
  • a roller bearing (3) is secured to the tapered force-introducing shaft end (2) by means of retaining rings (4).
  • Spacers (5), shaft protection sleeves (6) and impeller (7) are supported on the inner ring of the roller bearing (3).
  • a roller bearing (9) mounted on the output shaft end (8) on a diameter that is also smaller here is pressed by a clamping device (10) designed as a nut against the spacer sleeve (5) and ultimately against the fixed bearing (3).
  • a disc spring (11) is arranged, by means of which a reliable pressing and positioning of the parts on the shaft is ensured.
  • the bearing housing construction flanged onto the pump housing enables the respective bearing to be dismantled in the simplest manner at its shaft end in the event of bearing damage.
  • Sealing rings (12) cooperating with the shaft protection sleeves (6) prevent the medium from getting between the shaft and the parts mounted on it.
  • Fig. 2 shows in an enlarged view and without a surrounding housing the so-called rotor, a fully assembled shaft with impeller, seals and bearings.
  • a fixed roller bearing (3) is attached by means of a circlip (4) on the smaller shaft journal. It forms the fixed bearing in this embodiment and in contrast to FIG. 1.
  • a shaft protection sleeve which is also designed as a liner (13) and interacts with a corresponding slide bearing (14).
  • ceramics are suitable as suitable bearing materials.
  • the parts arranged on the shaft (15) are pressed together by a clamping device (10) designed as a nut, as well as disc springs (11).
  • a second nut (12) serves as a lock nut if no self-locking nuts are used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

A shaft (15), whose ends (2, 8) have a diameter less than or equal to that of the central section of the shaft, is used in a turbo-engine (1) comprising impellers (7), a protective sleeve (6) for the shaft, a distance sleeve (5) and the like. A bearing (3) arranged in the drive portion (2) of the shaft supports the parts (5, 6, 7) arranged on the section of the shaft (15) of constant diameter. A clamping device (10) provided at the free end (8) of the shaft urges, by means of intercalated springs (11), the parts (5, 6, 7) located on the shaft against the bearing (3), which may be a movable or fixed bearing.

Description

Die Erfindung betriff die Welle einer Zentrifugalpumpe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to the shaft of a centrifugal pump according to the preamble of claim 1.

Für die Befestigung der Laufräder von gegenläufigen Pumpen sind die unterschiedlichsten Lösungen bekannt. So zeigt die DE-B-10 44 621 eine Welle, die im Bereich des Antriebes ihre maximale Dicke aufweist und sich bis zu dem gegenüberliegenden Wellenende kontinuierlich verjüngt. Im Bereich des Antriebes ist ein Bund vorgesehen, gegen den der Innenring eines Rollenlagers anliegt. Mit Hilfe von Abstandsringen sowie Wellenschutzhülsen und einer Kegelfläche wird das Laufrad auf der Welle positioniert und eine am Außenende der Welle angebrachte Spanneinrichtung bewirkt den Zusammenhalt der auf der Welle angeordneten Einzelteile. Dies erfordert bei der Herstellung einen hohen Aufwand, da die spanabhebende Bearbeitung der Welle eine Vielzahl von Passungen vorsieht. Die Montage erfordert desweiteren ein genaues Justieren der Einzelteile.A wide variety of solutions are known for fastening the impellers of counter-rotating pumps. For example, DE-B-10 44 621 shows a shaft that has its maximum thickness in the area of the drive and tapers continuously up to the opposite shaft end. A collar is provided in the area of the drive against which the inner ring of a roller bearing rests. The impeller is positioned on the shaft with the help of spacer rings as well as shaft protection sleeves and a conical surface, and a tensioning device attached to the outer end of the shaft keeps the individual parts arranged on the shaft together. This requires a great deal of effort during production, since the machining of the shaft provides for a large number of fits. The assembly also requires precise adjustment of the individual parts.

Eine andere Lösung zeigt die in der DE-B-22 04 892 gezeigte Kreirelpumpe. Die Welle ist hierbei zweiteilig ausgebildet, wobei die Kupplung der beiden Wellenteile mittels einer Stirnverzahnung erfolgt. Hierbei ist der eine Wellenteil mit einem Spannbolzen versehen, über den der andere Wellenteil geschoben und durch eine Schraubverbindung die beiden Wellenteile miteinander verspannt werden. Die Laufräder sind auf Absätze der Welle aufgeschoben und werden durch Sicherungsringe in ihrer Position gehalten. Auf die Wellenenden aufgeschobene Hälsen dienen zur Aufnahme der Lager sowie der Stopfbuchsdichtungen. Mittels auf bzw. in die Wellenenden geschnittenen Gewinden sowie entsprechend angebrachten Schraubelementen werden die Lager in ihrer Position gehalten. Dor Spannmechanismus für die Wellenverbindung befindet sich außerhalb der Lager, am äußeren Wellenende.Another solution is shown by the centrifugal pump shown in DE-B-22 04 892. The shaft is formed in two parts, the coupling of the two shaft parts being carried out by means of spur gearing. Here, the one shaft part is provided with a clamping bolt, over which the other shaft part is pushed and the two shaft parts are clamped together by a screw connection. The impellers are pushed onto shoulders of the shaft and are held in place by circlips. Necks pushed onto the shaft ends serve to accommodate the bearings and the gland seals. The bearings are held in their position by means of threads cut on or in the shaft ends and appropriately attached screw elements. The clamping mechanism for the shaft connection is located outside the bearings, at the outer shaft end.

Und bei der DE-A-23 45 742 wird das auf der Welle angeordnete Laufrad durch eine auf die Welle aufgeschraubte Wellenschutzhülse fixiert. Dies erfordert eine aufwendige Wellenbearbeitung sowie spezielle Werkzeuge zur Demontage des sogenannten Läufers, also der Pumpenwelle mit darauf montierten Laufrädern.And in DE-A-23 45 742, the impeller arranged on the shaft is fixed by a shaft protective sleeve screwed onto the shaft. This requires complex shaft machining and special tools for dismantling the so-called rotor, i.e. the pump shaft with impellers mounted on it.

Die DD-A-126 125 zeigt eine dem Oberbegriff entsprechende Welle. Zur genauen Justierung der Teile sind jeweils an den Wellenenden separate Spanneinrichtungen vorgesehen. Unter Wärmeeinflüssen bzw. bei Überlastungen können bleibende Verformungen innerhalb der Welle auftreten, welche zum Bruch der Welle oder zum Lösen der Verbindung führen können.The DD-A-126 125 shows a shaft corresponding to the generic term. For precise adjustment of the parts, separate clamping devices are provided on the shaft ends. Under the influence of heat or overloading, permanent deformations can occur inside the shaft, which can lead to the shaft breaking or the connection becoming loose.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für eine Strömungsmaschine einen Läufer zu entwickeln, dessen Teile einfach hergestellt und in wenig aufwendiger Weise montiert und demontiert werden können. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt gemäß dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Hauptanspruches.The invention has for its object to develop a rotor for a turbomachine, the parts can be easily manufactured and assembled and disassembled in a low cost. This object is achieved in accordance with the characterizing part of the main claim.

Infolge der einen gleichen oder kleineren Durchmesser aufweisenden Wellenenden brauchen bei Bedarf nur diese spanabhebend bearbeitet werden, wodurch der eigentliche Bearbeitungsvorgang auf ein Minimum abgesenkt werden kann. Desweiteren ist somit eine Montage von beiden Seiten der Welle möglich. Die Federelemente, welche zwischen den auf der Welle montierten Teilen und der Spanneinrichtung angeordnet sind, bewirken unter allen Betriebszuständen eine zuverlässige Anlage der einzelnen Teile. Die einwirkenden Vorspannkräfte sichern auch gegen Verdrehung.Die Federelemente können als Tellerfedern, Ringfedern oder dergleichen ausgebildet sein. Dies ermöglicht eine raumsparende Gestaltung bei gleichzeitiger hoher Sicherheit gegen unbeabsichtigtes Lösen.As a result of the shaft ends having the same or smaller diameter, only these need to be machined if necessary, as a result of which the actual machining process can be reduced to a minimum. Furthermore, assembly from both sides of the shaft is possible. The spring elements, which are arranged between the parts mounted on the shaft and the clamping device, bring about a reliable contact of the individual parts under all operating conditions. The pre-tensioning forces also protect against rotation. The spring elements can be designed as disc springs, ring springs or the like. This enables a space-saving design with high security against unintentional loosening.

Die Welle weist im Bereich der darauf montierten Wellenschutzhülsen, Distanzhülsen sowie Laufräder einen konstanten Durchmesser auf. Im Bereich der die Wellenlager aufnehmenden Wellenenden bestehen gleiche oder kleinere Wellendurchmesser. Dies ermöglicht die Verwendung gezogenen Rundmaterials zur Wellenherstellung. Aufwendige Justier- und Paßarbeiten sowie die damit verbundenen Kontrollen können entfallen.The shaft has a constant diameter in the area of the shaft protection sleeves, spacer sleeves and impellers mounted on it. In the area of the shaft bearings Shaft ends have the same or smaller shaft diameters. This enables the use of drawn round material for shaft production. Time-consuming adjustment and fitting work and the associated controls can be omitted.

Eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß zwischen einer am Laufrad anliegenden Hülse und dem Laufrad angeordnete Dichtringe die Welle gegenüber dem Fördermedium abdichten. Somit wird in zuverlässiger Weise der Zutritt vom Fördermedium zwischen Laufrad und Welle bzw. zwischen Wellenschutshülse und Welle oder Distanzhülse und Welle verhindert. Dies schließt eine mögliche Passungskorrosion in zuverlässiger Weise aus, welches wiederum einen geringen Herstellungsaufwand und Demontageaufwand bedingt. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen die

  • Fig. 1 eine längsgeteile doppelflutige Strömungsmachine mit wälzgelagerter Pumpenwelle und die
  • Fig. 2 einen Läufer einer derartigen Maschine, dessen Welle in einem Wälzlager und einem mediumgeschmierten Gleitlager gelagert ist.
One embodiment of the invention provides that between a sleeve bearing against the impeller and the impeller, sealing rings seal the shaft against the pumped medium. This reliably prevents access to the pumped medium between the impeller and the shaft or between the shaft sleeve and shaft or the spacer sleeve and shaft. This reliably excludes possible corrosion of the fit, which in turn requires little manufacturing effort and disassembly. Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below. They show
  • Fig. 1 shows a longitudinally divided double-flow flow machine with a roller-mounted pump shaft and the
  • Fig. 2 shows a rotor of such a machine, the shaft of which is mounted in a roller bearing and a medium-lubricated plain bearing.

In der Fig. 1 ist eine Strömungsmaschine (1), hier eine einstufig doppelflutig ausgebildete Kreiselpumpe gezeigt. Am verjüngt ausgebildeten krafteinleitenden Wellenende (2) ist ein Wälzlager (3) mittels Sicherungsringen (4) festgelegt. Am Innenring des Wälzlagers (3) stützen sich Distanzhülsen (5), Wellenschutzhülsen (6) und Laufrad (7) ab. Ein am abtriebsseitigen Wellenende (8) auf einem hier ebenfalls kleineren Durchmesser montiertes Wälzlager (9) wird durch eine als Mutter ausgebildete Spanneinrichtung (10) gegen die Distanzhülse (5) und letztendlich gegen das festgelegte Lager (3) gepreßt. Zwischen der Spanneinrichvung (10) und dem Lager (9) ist eine Tellerfeder (11) angeordnet, mit deren Hilfe eine zuverlässige Anpressung und Positionierung der auf der Welle befindlichen Teile sichergestellt wird. Die am Pumpengehäuse angeflanschte Lagergehäusekonstruktion ermöglicht es, daß bei einem eventuellen Lagerschaden das jeweilige Lager in einfahster Weise an seinem Wellenende abgebaut wird. Mit den Wellenschutzhülsen (6) zusammenwirkende Dichtringe (12) verhindern, daß Fördermedium zwischen die Welle und die darauf montierten Teile gelangen kann.1 shows a turbomachine (1), here a centrifugal pump with a single-stage design. A roller bearing (3) is secured to the tapered force-introducing shaft end (2) by means of retaining rings (4). Spacers (5), shaft protection sleeves (6) and impeller (7) are supported on the inner ring of the roller bearing (3). A roller bearing (9) mounted on the output shaft end (8) on a diameter that is also smaller here is pressed by a clamping device (10) designed as a nut against the spacer sleeve (5) and ultimately against the fixed bearing (3). Between the clamping device (10) and the bearing (9) a disc spring (11) is arranged, by means of which a reliable pressing and positioning of the parts on the shaft is ensured. The bearing housing construction flanged onto the pump housing enables the respective bearing to be dismantled in the simplest manner at its shaft end in the event of bearing damage. Sealing rings (12) cooperating with the shaft protection sleeves (6) prevent the medium from getting between the shaft and the parts mounted on it.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt in vergrößerter Darstellung und ohne ein umgebendes Gehäuse den sogenannten Läufer, eine fertig montierte Welle mit Laufrad, Dichtungen und Lager. Am antriebsseitigen Wellenende (2) ist wieder ein festgelegtes Wälzlager (3) mittels Sicherungsring (4) auf dem im Durchmesser Kleineren Wellenzapfen angebracht. Es bildet bei dieser Ausführung und im Gegensatz zur Fig. 1 das Festlager. Am freien Wellenende befindet sich eine Wellenschutzhülse, die gleichzeitig als Laufbuchse (13) ausgebildet ist und mit einem entsprechenden Gleitlager (14) zusammenwirkt. In vorteilhafter Weise bieten sich hier Keramiken als geeignete Lagerwerkstoffe an. Die auf der Welle (15) angeordneten Teile werden durch eine als Mutter ausgebildete Spanneinrichtung (10), sowie Tellerfedern (11) zusammengepreßt. Eine zweite Mutter (12) dient hier als Kontermutter, wenn keine selbstsichernden Muttern zum Einsatz kommen.Fig. 2 shows in an enlarged view and without a surrounding housing the so-called rotor, a fully assembled shaft with impeller, seals and bearings. At the drive-side shaft end (2), a fixed roller bearing (3) is attached by means of a circlip (4) on the smaller shaft journal. It forms the fixed bearing in this embodiment and in contrast to FIG. 1. At the free shaft end there is a shaft protection sleeve, which is also designed as a liner (13) and interacts with a corresponding slide bearing (14). In an advantageous manner, ceramics are suitable as suitable bearing materials. The parts arranged on the shaft (15) are pressed together by a clamping device (10) designed as a nut, as well as disc springs (11). A second nut (12) serves as a lock nut if no self-locking nuts are used.

Claims (2)

1. A shaft of a fluid flow machine with one or more impellers mounted thereon and positioned by means of shaft guard sleeves and/or distance sleeves and also bearings, the parts arranged on the shaft being thrust by means of a tightening device arranged on the free shaft end against a bearing arranged adjacent to the power input shaft end, the shaft having a constant diameter adjacent to the shaft guard sleeves, to the distance sleeves and to the impellers, whereas adjacent to the shaft ends mounting the bearings and adjacent to the power input end the shaft has the same or a smaller diameter, more particularly for multi-intake fluid flow machines, characterized in that the tightening device (10), acting via one or more spring elements (11) thrusts parts (5, 6 and 7), which are mounted on the shaft in such a manner as to prevent relative twist, against a bearing (3) or an abutment element arranged on the power input shaft part (2), the spring elements (11) being arranged on the output end (8) of the shaft between the tightening device (10) and parts arranged on the shaft.
2. A shaft as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that sealing rings (12) arranged between a sleeve (5 and 6) abutting the impeller and the shaft (7) seal off the shaft from the fluid which is pumped.
EP89902254A 1988-02-25 1989-02-10 Shaft Expired - Lifetime EP0408569B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89902254T ATE76675T1 (en) 1988-02-25 1989-02-10 WAVE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3805899 1988-02-25
DE3805899A DE3805899A1 (en) 1988-02-25 1988-02-25 WAVE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0408569A1 EP0408569A1 (en) 1991-01-23
EP0408569B1 true EP0408569B1 (en) 1992-05-27

Family

ID=6348138

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89902254A Expired - Lifetime EP0408569B1 (en) 1988-02-25 1989-02-10 Shaft

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0408569B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3805899A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1989008193A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010041208B4 (en) * 2010-09-22 2013-05-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement with a seal, seal and turbo compressor
CN110043504B (en) * 2019-05-23 2024-03-01 湖南机电职业技术学院 Pump shaft sleeve
CN115289058A (en) * 2022-08-17 2022-11-04 新界泵业(浙江)有限公司 Radial support impeller

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD126125A1 (en) * 1975-10-07 1977-06-22

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4815164B1 (en) * 1968-08-20 1973-05-12
US3861825A (en) * 1970-12-21 1975-01-21 Borg Warner Multistage pump and manufacturing method
DE7923037U1 (en) * 1979-08-11 1981-02-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart FAN WITH A SHAFTS STORED IN THE HOUSING OF A DRIVE UNIT, PROVIDED WITH A FAN WHEEL
DE8619811U1 (en) * 1986-07-23 1986-09-18 Wilhelm Düchting KG Pumpen- und Maschinenfabrik, 5810 Witten Centrifugal pump with radial gap adjustment

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD126125A1 (en) * 1975-10-07 1977-06-22

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58901547D1 (en) 1992-07-02
WO1989008193A1 (en) 1989-09-08
DE3805899A1 (en) 1989-09-07
EP0408569A1 (en) 1991-01-23

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