Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
  • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
  • F16K5/08—Details
  • F16K5/14—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together
  • F16K5/20—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together for plugs with spherical surfaces
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
  • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
  • F16K5/08—Details
  • F16K5/14—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together
  • F16K5/20—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together for plugs with spherical surfaces
  • F16K5/204—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together for plugs with spherical surfaces with the plugs or parts of the plugs mechanically pressing the seals against the housing

Definitions

• a Stop Valve The present invention relates to a stop valve of the type described in more detail in the preamble of patent claim 1
• the cap-shaped valve body of such valves causes a few problems, which are hard to remedy.
• the cap e.g. is to cooperate with a seal during an extended period of time, resulting in a preferably constant sealing action.
• the pressure of the medium, which is to be controlled must not open up/shut the valve body unintentionally.
• Another problem re ⁇ sides in the fact, that it often is desirable to be able to control a flow in opposite directions, while the de ⁇ sirable properties of the valve are maintained.
• An addi ⁇ tional almost paradoxical problem is that the valve body, i.e.
• the cap is to provide a satisfactory sealing irre ⁇ spective of the direction of flow and the pressure of the medium and yet be easily controllable.
• the con ⁇ ventional stop valves require often a lengthy, tedious and expensive mounting process, a so called automatic mounting being almost impossible. Despite this lengthy, tedious and expensive process several of the known valves constitute safety risks, since leakage and/or disintegra ⁇ tion under pressure may occur.
• a valve according to the preamble of claim 1 is previous ⁇ ly known by US-A 4 257 576.
• the concept of this previous invention is to design a shut-off member large in rela ⁇ tion to a passage way into which it is to be fitted through one of two connecting ends of a valve housing which is made in one piece.
• Fig. 16 of this specification reveals the way of mounting the shut-off member within. the valve housing.
• the shut-off member has to be obliquely engaged in the main bore of the valve housing until an upper lug of said member arriveswithin a diverting spindle bore, while a lower, forked lug has to be engaged on a stub which previously has been secured to the housing as has a sealing gasket provided to co-operate with the shut-off member. Then, the latter is to be straightened rocking into a non-operative position, which is the only way to insert the shut-off member, which then has to be turned 180 , whereupon the spindle is inserted on to the upper lug.
• shut-off member can exert an uncontrolled pressure on the gas ⁇ ket and damage or even blow away same atf.occasional high pressures like an ordinary shock-wave, which in a lever ⁇ like way is concentrated just and only on the gasket area juxtaposed the lower lug.
• the upper lug may be damaged, if not the entire shut-off member.
• valve housing made in one piece will ini ⁇ tially save very little money, which then will turn into high extra costs for extraordinary difficult and costly assembling or disassembling. Any subsequent inspection is impossible without firstly removing the valve housing from at least one connection pipe. Furthermore, there re ⁇ mains always the risk of a so called blow-out of the spin ⁇ dle at very high pressures, as the spindle is insertable from the outside in relation to the passage-way only. Last not least, this valve cannot be used for fluid flows in opposite directions, i.e. the direction of fluid cannot be turned, as the sealing gasket never would be sealingly affected and would tender to leave its position during the opening or closing movement of the shut-off member. Finally, the various shapes and modes of mounting the sealing gasket make obvious, that sealing properties, life time etc do not meet with high standards. The same may be said of the various shapes and reinforcements of the shut-off member. In open position, which is shown in open position, which is shown in
• the shut-off member is, of course, unprevented by the lower lug with open fork from being pushed further to one side and may even be sub ⁇ jected to vibrations or fluttering, while a subsequent shutting movement will have to take place against the fluid flow pressure, which means, that the fork may be more or less disengaged from the stub and the sealing gas ⁇ ket will be affected extra much and non-uniformly.
• the object of the invention is to counteract and as far as possible overcome the above-mentioned problems and to suggest a stop valve, which also in additional respects is conducive to technical progress in this field.
• a so designed stop valve is considered to be very advan ⁇ tageous in various respects.
• the valve body does not obstruct or minimize any of the cross-sectional area of a passage ⁇ way.
• valve body Once it is fitted, the valve body, being in proper closing position, offers itself in an ex ⁇ cellent way for properly positioning and fitting of the sealing ring, the sealing carrier and the lock ring, which all can be mounted easily, safely and in a very speedy manner.
• the spindle is inserted from the inside of the valve body, as both ends of the valve body are positively secured all around, and as the lid carry ⁇ ing the said unit may project into the interior of the valve housing with a minor part, which thus is affected by a minor pressure while the exterior part of the said lid may be designed with a relatively large diameter and thus a considerable locking force, there is no risk for a so called blow-out even at very high pressures, which occasio ⁇ nally may occur in most valves.
• valve body As the valve body is provided to be inserted into the valve housing prior to mounting the sealing gasket, there is no problem whatsoever with obstruction, resistance and friction forces offered by the sealing gasket. Instead, the prior mounting of the valve body will favour the subsequent moun ⁇ ting of the sealing gasket with accessories as previously mentioned.
• this can be done at any desired compression or friction for ⁇ ces created by the sealing gasket, as the latter and its accessories may all be mounted in one straight mounting ope ⁇ ration, the pushing force of which easily may be chosen ade ⁇ quate to lock all parts safely in their intended position.
• All parts of the valve accor ⁇ ding to the invention may be designed without any play or with a certain play, which is unimportant due to the charac ⁇ teristics of the invention, which make any special considera ⁇ tion unnecessary. Even a certain wear of any part, the sea ⁇ ling gasket and the valve body in particular, won't render the valve less operative, as the design according to the in ⁇ vention incorporates per se compensation for wear and play. Unintentional self-opening and/or self-closing are practi ⁇ cally impossible. The valve body is safely held both in ope ⁇ ning and in closing position and this regardless of the di ⁇ rection of medium flow.
• Figs. 1-5 a stop valve according to the invention, in a lateral view, a view from below, a view from above, and views of its two ends;
• Fig * 6 a diametrical longitudinal section of the valve according to Figs. 1-5 in its closed position
• Fig. 7 a sequence of the cap movements from the closing to the opening position
• Fig. 8 the positions according to Fig. 7, transferred to one and the same figure on a larger scale
• Fig. 9 an axial view of the seal carrier on a large scale from the right in Fig. 7;
• Figs. 10 and 11 said cap, shown from below and from the left respectively in Fig. 6.
• a stop valve 1 taken as a whole, compri ⁇ ses a housing 2 and two connection ends 3 and 4, which can be designed as exterior hexagon heads having an interior threading 5 and 6 respectively.
• a control ele ⁇ ment 1 On one side of the housing, e.g. roughly in the middle of it, there is a control ele ⁇ ment 1 , suitably a handle, arm 8 of which being used as a position indicator for a valve body, which will be de ⁇ scribed below.
• Said control element is, e.g. via a screw 9, attached to the exterior end of a spindle 10, which is mounted in a projection 11 on housing 2 r e.g.
• the spindle is extended, with a control end 14, somewhat into a passage 15 for the medium to be controlled and formed by said housing.
• Said control end is provided with partly a diametrical groove 16 and partly a central and axial hole 17, designed to accommodate a rotary tongue 18 and a guide pin 19, which projects from said tongue, respectively, to a valve body designed, as a whole, as a cap and designated 20.
• the latter In order to transfer movements from said control element to said spindle the latter is provided with a square ele ⁇ ment 21, which projects from the housing and matches a corresponding cavity 22 in said control element. Further ⁇ more, in order to limit/define the opening and closing movements respectively the housing may be provided with a stop lug 23, which cooperates with two stop surfaces 24 on said control element, which stop surfaces can be de ⁇ signed having an angular positional difference of roughly 90°.
• Cap 20 has an outer sealing surface 25, which constitutes a portion of an imaginary sphere and which has an annular shape, confining a flat, closed end portion 26.
• a transfer arm 27 projects from this annu ⁇ lar sealing surface and is extended in a roughly horizon ⁇ tal direction adjacent to the free end surface on control end 14 and meshes, by means of said tongue 18, in said groove 16, and by means of said guide pin in said hole 17.
• a bearing arm 28 projects from the annular sealing surface in the same direction and is somewhat longer than said transfer arm and somewhat eccent ⁇ ric as compared to hole 17 and provided with a bearing drilling 29.
• the eccentricity may in a practical embodi ⁇ ment be as high as about 5 % and be directed away from a seat 30, v/ith which said cap is designed to cooperate.
• Said bearing drilling 29 is designed to receive a bearing pin 31, which projects upwardly from the interior of a lid 32, which is threaded into a threaded drilling 33 in a wider projecting portion 34 of the housing, which is used as a mounting opening for said spindle and said cap.
• Said lid may be hollow oh its outer side in order to form in the cavity engagement elements/surfaces 47 for a tool, e.g. a wrench (not shown) .
• Said bearing pin projects pre ⁇ ferably into said medium passage and is surrounded with play by bearing drilling 29, which due to said eccentrici ⁇ ty and the pressure/elasticity of seat 30 abuts against the pin on the seat side, while the play manifests itself as an opening 48 mainly on the opposite side.
• drilling 29 may be somewhat oblong having a longitudinal extension in the axial direction of said passage.
• Said pin may instead be wider in the cross- direction of said passage than in its longitudinal direc ⁇ tion.
• annular sealing surface 25 is provided with a recess 35 on each side.
• Said recesses are comparatively flat. They are designed to, in a completely open position, allow a free and unobstructed flow through seat 30.
• Seat 30 comprises an annular sealing 36, preferably made of rubber and having the cross-section shape shown in Figs. 6 and 7.
• Said sealing has an annular body 37, which may have a rectangular cross-sectional shape and which via a continuous circular constriction 38 is transformed into a seat ring 39 having a smaller diameter.
• Said seat ring is concentric with said body, but it projects inwardly somewhat and forms, on the side which faces away from said body, seat 30, which preferably is a bend of the free cor ⁇ ner, which is facing away from said constriction.
• said body In the direction of said cap said body is supported with an axial limit surface by a flange 40, which projects in ⁇ to said passage and is a portion of said housing and against the interior side of v/hich said seat ring abuts with its envelope surface. On that side v/hich faces away from said cap a sealing carrier 41 is pressed into said passage.
• Said carrier is axially supported with a closed cylindrical portion 42 by that side of the seat ring, which faces away from said seat and in a radial direction outwardly against the inner side of said body, while a circular continuous collar 44, provided with holes 42, is supported by that side of said body, which is directed away from said seat ring, and is fastened, in this posi ⁇ tion, by means of a lock ring 45, which is pressed into a circular continuous groove 46 in said housing.
• said cap can, when substantial pressures are used with an effect in the direction of said seat 30, be displaced also to ⁇ wards said seat and furthermore compress said sealing ring, simultaneously improving the sealing action between said cap and said seat. Said bearing drilling then is dis ⁇ placed somewhat as compared to said bearing pin. In case such a displacement possibility had not existed, then the medium pressure could have compressed the sealing ring and a leakage between seat 30 and sealing surface 25 could have resulted.
• the medium pressure acts primarily on said cap, which how ⁇ ever, due to the eccentric conditions described above, does not yield, when said bearing drilling on the seat side closely contacts said bearing pin.
• the me ⁇ dium pressure upstreams does not act solely on said cap but via holes 43 also on sealing body 37, which is comp ⁇ ressed and exerts a pressure via constriction 38 on seat ring 39, which is compressed from within and increases the pressure on sealing surface 25 via seat 30. In this way a satisfactory sealing action is attained also when the pressure is very high or is an overpressure.
• valve body with its area, which trails in the opening direction, must overcome the resis ⁇ tance caused by said seat ring and also in this case fi ⁇ nally a snap-like disengagement or repulsion to the comp ⁇ letely opened-up position according to Fig. 7e occurs.
• the described functions are attained in a most advantageous way, provided the trans ⁇ fer area between sealing surface 25 and said flat portion 26 has a smaller bending radius r than bending radius r2 of sealing surface 25.
• rl designates the bending radius of the partly spherical sealing sur ⁇ face 25, while r2 designates the maximum action radius of said valve body.
• the ratios between r: rl: r2 consequently are 3: 10: 13.
• each one of said variables can be altered within certain scopes, e.g. by a 20 % reduction and a 20 % increase individually.
• lid 32 and its particular design, bearing pin 31 being provided on its inner end an automatic mounting is feasible without any problems.
• spindle 10 and associated plate 12 and O-ring 13 can be inserted through the hole in projection 34, subsequent to which said valve body can be inserted in the same way.
• the position of groove 16 in mounting end 14 can be deter ⁇ mined simply firstly by designing an insertion tool (not shown) with a shape v/hich is more or less identical with tongue 18 and pin 19 and secondly by easily retaining said spindle exactly in its predetermined position by means of handle 8 or the like, adjusted in its correct position.
• valve body 20 is inserted, while drilling 29 and possibly arm 28 easily can occupy an exact inser ⁇ tion position on any suitable insertion tool, the result being that tongue 18 and pin 19 safely can be guided into said mounting end of the spindle.
• a carrier element (not shown) can hold said valve body in place in its closing or its opening position, while said lid is screwed on and pin 31 penetrates drilling 29.
• connec ⁇ tion with this or even earlier elements 36, 41 and 45 can be inserted through connection end 5 and be fastened simply and quickly.
• sealing carrier 41 has been inserted in a way "freely floating" in said passage, which partly facilitates an automatic mounting and partly ren ⁇ ders it possible to some extent to brake the pressure shocks in the respective parts of the passage due to the fact that a sudden overpressure can displace said sealing carrier somewhat in the direction of said valve body, said sealing ring being compressed.
• the described and shown design comprising a seal, a sealing carrier and a lock ring may also be used as a safety de ⁇ vice for extreme overpressures in that passage portion, which encompasses the valve body, in which case e.g. an extreme pressure shock may influence the sealing ring, which in its turn may compress the sealing carrier, which may displace lock ring 45, which is dimensioned for the existing purpose, groove 46 possibly being comparatively flat.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Lift Valve (AREA)
• Taps Or Cocks (AREA)
• Details Of Valves (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20372086

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

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• 1988
  • 1988-04-21 SE SE8801490A patent/SE461053B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1989
  • 1989-04-20 AU AU34265/89A patent/AU628048B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1989-04-20 KR KR1019890702401A patent/KR900700809A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1989-04-20 WO PCT/SE1989/000219 patent/WO1989010507A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1989-04-20 EP EP89904862A patent/EP0401306A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1989-04-20 JP JP1504612A patent/JPH03504531A/ja active Pending
• 1990
  • 1990-10-22 DK DK253590A patent/DK253590D0/da not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1990-10-22 FI FI905188A patent/FI905188A0/fi not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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