EP0393015B1 - Floating element - Google Patents
Floating element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0393015B1 EP0393015B1 EP90890101A EP90890101A EP0393015B1 EP 0393015 B1 EP0393015 B1 EP 0393015B1 EP 90890101 A EP90890101 A EP 90890101A EP 90890101 A EP90890101 A EP 90890101A EP 0393015 B1 EP0393015 B1 EP 0393015B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- underside
- air
- hollow member
- side walls
- float element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title description 43
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPINGÂ
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/34—Pontoons
- B63B35/38—Rigidly-interconnected pontoons
Definitions
- the invention relates to a floating element made of an essentially prismatic plastic hollow body which has connecting parts on the side walls, preferably in the side edge regions, for assembling with other identical floating elements.
- Such floating elements can be used for floating platforms, boat and landing jetties, but also for work platforms, transport rafts, bridges, oil and dirt barriers and the like. The like. Compose and have already proven themselves due to their diverse range of uses. So far, however, the floating elements consist of closed hollow bodies, the production of which is relatively complex and which, particularly because of their low immersion depth, swim a little uneasily and under load, in waves and. The like. Quite strongly fluctuate.
- EP-A-0015 352 shows an industrial platform which consists of a floating steel structure with buoyancy chambers formed from web walls and opening downwards. Pipe sockets protruding into the chambers allow ventilation and thus an adjustment of the respective water level in the chambers in order to be able to adapt the buoyancy effect to the different loads. There is a large structure that practically does not allow any comparison with small generic plastic floating elements.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a floating element of the type described at the outset, which ensures the assembly of a particularly stable, calmly and securely lying on the water platform or the like with little effort, light weight and skillful handling.
- the plastic hollow body is open in a manner known per se Has underside and at least one air hole arranged at a distance from the underside is provided in the walls.
- the open underside allows the water to penetrate into the cavity of the floating element to a depth determined by the arrangement of the air hole, so that the water which has penetrated into the hollow body ensures the stable, low-fluctuation floating position of the floating element.
- the hollow body, which is open at the bottom, is efficient, for example, can be produced by a spraying process, and the missing underside helps to save material and weight.
- the air hole is dimensioned relatively small, for example with a diameter of 1 or 2 mm, the element sinks slowly only to the extent of the possible air escape, but the remaining cavity can only be ventilated slowly when there is a swell and the air hole is released, which is one of the swell largely undisturbed quiet location guaranteed. Strong fluctuations or even an undesirable lifting of the elements from the water is practically impossible and the swimming stability can be easily adapted to the different conditions by selecting the hole spacing from the underside and also by selecting the hole dimension.
- the hollow body is divided into chambers which are open at the bottom by at least one partition and each chamber is provided with an air hole, the floating position is rationally further stabilized, since the water cushions in the individual chambers counteract mutual level differences and thereby make tilting movements of the floating element considerably more difficult , where four chambers are advantageously prepared by two intersecting partitions, each having the air hole in one of its outer walls. If internal chambers are provided, which are only delimited by partitions, these chambers are connected to the neighboring chambers through their air holes connected or they can also be ventilated through the top, but this does away with their contribution as a buoyancy chamber.
- At least one wall has a height measuring scale for the subsequent setting of the air holes, drilling the air holes on the spot of the area of use can be facilitated according to the respective circumstances, the measuring scale simplifying and maintaining the selected distances from the underside, especially in the case of several air holes the use of the floating elements can be used to read the immersion depth.
- the plastic hollow body has an open underside and is divided into chambers that are open at the bottom by at least one partition, each chamber accommodates an air duct that runs vertically and is attached to the top wall of the hollow body and that passes through an air hole the top wall air-accessible air duct consists of a corner chamber delimited by web walls in a corner region of vertical wall inner edges and forms an inlet opening at a distance above the underside.
- the hollow body is evenly vented and the floating elements sink in evenly until the water rising inside the hollow body closes the inlet openings of the air ducts, the air holes on top not being able to be moved or even closed by adjacent floating elements or the like. which would affect the ventilation. Because fluctuations and Wave movements in the interior of the hollow body in the area of the inlet openings are only attenuated and softened in comparison to the outside, there is no longer any fear of exposing the inlet openings and the floating element lies in the water with a safe, constant depth of penetration.
- the manufacture of the hollow bodies remains simple, since the corner chambers forming the ducts can be produced practically without additional effort in the course of the hollow body production, for example in the injection molding process, the web walls of the air ducts bringing additional stiffening of the hollow body or the partition walls.
- the floating elements are usually cambered on the top and rounded in the upper edge areas, and it is also possible to stack the floating elements on top of one another to increase the platform or the like. If the end faces on the underside of the side walls and dividing walls and any stiffening ribs which may be present have a shape which is adapted to the rounding of the upper side, when the elements are placed one on the other, the elements are centered and positioned securely.
- a fender which consists of a longitudinally slotted plastic tube forming angled slot flanges outward to fastening flanges, horizontally attachable to the tabs on the adjacent free side walls of at least two assembled floating elements and with the thickness of the tab thickness being interposed adapted washers can be screwed tight, this fender allows the tabs on the free sides of the platform to be clamped together perfectly, as in conventional connecting knots, so that a constant, firm floating element connection is also created in the edge area of the platform.
- the fender at the same time the desired collision protection for boats or the like. achieved, whereby the fenders also create a supply channel through their tube shape, through which water or power cables are laid but also the air lines for ventilation of the chambers can run.
- the plastic pipe of the fender has a thinner wall thickness in the jacket area than in the flange area, the required elasticity of the fender, which can thereby reduce the force of boats or the like, and the required strength of the fastening flanges, which hold the tabs together, are easily obtained and connecting the floating elements allowed.
- the floating element 1 shown consists of an essentially prismatic hollow body 2, which is produced as a plastic injection-molded part with an open underside 3 and the side walls 4 and the top side 5 along stiffening ribs 6 and two intersecting partition walls 7.
- the partitions 7 divide the hollow body 2 into four downwardly open chambers 8, whereby according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the side walls 4 have a small air hole 9 for each of the chambers, which air holes 9 are arranged at the same distance from the underside 3 .
- a height measuring scale 10 on the side or partition walls allows not only a simple retrofitting of the air holes 9, but also a reading of the immersion depth of the floating element 1. As indicated in the embodiment according to FIGS.
- an air hole 9 may be provided, which lead to air holes 9 in the interior of the hollow body 2 on the top wall 5 attached air channels 11.
- These air channels are arranged in the intersection area of the dividing walls 7 and are created by the dividing walls 7 web walls 12 delimiting them to corner chambers.
- the air channels 11 extend downward only up to a certain distance above the lower part page 3, where they form inlet openings 13.
- the underside in order to achieve centering and non-slip positioning when two hollow bodies 2 are placed one on top of the other to increase the floating elements, the underside, as indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 2, can have one of the shape of the top side 5 in the region of the lower end faces of side and partition walls or stiffening ribs with their roundings 14 in the upper edge region or the like.
- the floating elements 1 can be combined with other identical elements to form platforms 16 or the like, each floating element 1 having connecting parts designed as tabs 17 in the side edge regions. These tabs 17 are offset in height from one another and provided with an eye 18 for receiving a locking bolt 19.
- the eyes 18 have circumferential indentations 20 for carrying out the corresponding locking cam 21 equipped locking bolt 19 and the lowest tab 17a additionally has on the underside between the indentations 20 locking recesses 22, into which the locking cams 21 of the locking bolt 19 snap when twisted, so that the locking bolt 19 is secured against unwanted pulling out.
- the floating elements 1 can, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 3 and 4, be assembled according to the modular principle in the most varied of floor plans, with four adjoining floating elements being connected and locked by means of a common locking bolt 19 which can be inserted and locked through the overlapping tabs of the adjacent floating elements are held together so that platforms 16 or the like are formed in the desired shape and size.
- a fender 23 can be plugged onto the tabs 17 on these sides and screwed tight, which, as can be seen in FIG. 5, consists of a slotted one Plastic tube 24 with slotted edges angled to mounting flanges 25.
- the fender 23 is screwed to the tabs 17 via the mounting flanges 25, which have 17 mounting holes 26 at a distance from adjacent tabs, the washers in each case being one Replace the correct knot of four overlapping straps, missing two straps.
- the plastic tube 24 is thin-walled in the jacket area than in the flange area, so that despite sufficient rigidity for the attachment creates a desired elasticity of the pipe part and the task of a fender can be fully fulfilled.
- the fender 23 can also be used due to its tubular shape as a supply channel through which water pipes, power lines and the like. Like. Can be laid easily and protected.
- the surface of the floating elements 1 can be provided with a non-slip profiling and the elements can also be used with other conventional additional devices. Equip and equip.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
- Self-Closing Valves And Venting Or Aerating Valves (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Schwimmelement aus einem im wesentlichen prismatischen Kunststoff-Hohlkörper, der an den Seitenwänden, vorzugsweise in den Seitenkantenbereichen Verbindungsteile zum Zusammensetzen mit anderen gleichen Schwimmelementen aufweist.The invention relates to a floating element made of an essentially prismatic plastic hollow body which has connecting parts on the side walls, preferably in the side edge regions, for assembling with other identical floating elements.
Solche beispielsweise aus den AT-Psen 312 039 und 325 094 bekannten Schwimmelemente lassen sich zu schwimmenden Plattformen, Boots- und Landungsstegen, aber auch zu Arbeitsbühnen, Transportflößen, Brücken, Öl- und Schmutzsperren u. dgl. zusammensetzen und haben sich auf Grund ihres vielfältigen Einsatz- und Anwendungsbereiches auch bereits bestens bewährt. Bisher bestehen allerdings die Schwimmelemente aus geschlossenen Hohlkörpern, deren Herstellung verhältnismäßig aufwendig ist und die vor allem wegen ihrer geringen Eintauchtiefe etwas unruhig schwimmen und bei Belastung, bei Wellengang u. dgl. recht stark zum Schwanken neigen.Such floating elements, known for example from AT-Psen 312 039 and 325 094, can be used for floating platforms, boat and landing jetties, but also for work platforms, transport rafts, bridges, oil and dirt barriers and the like. The like. Compose and have already proven themselves due to their diverse range of uses. So far, however, the floating elements consist of closed hollow bodies, the production of which is relatively complex and which, particularly because of their low immersion depth, swim a little uneasily and under load, in waves and. The like. Quite strongly fluctuate.
Gemäß der US-PS 3 861 340 wurden auch schon quaderförmige Schwimmkörper vorgeschlagen, die aus einem Schaumstoffkern und einer Schutzhülle aus Glasfasermaterial bestehen. Diese Schwimmkörper sind wegen ihrer Instabilität im Wasser aber nicht als Einzelelemente einsetzbar, sondern nur in Form eines Rahmens, auf dem dann mit Hilfe von Planken eine Plattform aufgebaut wird. Die Schwimmkörper sind außerdem recht unhandlich und müssen von vornherein auf ihren Bestimmungszweck angepaßt werden, was ihren Fertigungsaufwand erhöht und den Anwendungsbereich einschränkt.According to US Pat. No. 3,861,340, cuboidal floating bodies have already been proposed, which consist of a foam core and a protective cover made of glass fiber material. Due to their instability in the water, these floating bodies cannot be used as individual elements, but only in the form of a frame on which a platform is then built up with the help of planks. The floats are also quite bulky and must be adapted to their intended purpose from the outset, which increases their manufacturing costs and limits the area of application.
Wie aus der US-PS 3 276 209 hervorgeht, gibt es weiters Schwimmelemente aus Beton mit nach unten offenen Schwimmzellen, die über ein Druckluftsystem, das für jede Zelle ein abwärts ragendes Zuluftrohr und ein Entlüftungsventil in der Decke umfaßt, druckbelüftet werden. Es handelt sich also um sehr aufwendige, schwere Konstruktionen, die sich nur für Großbauwerke, wie Wellenbrecher, eignen und bei denen im Gegensatz zu Kunststoff-Hohlkörpern nicht der zu geringen, sondern der zu großen Eintauchtiefe begegnet werden muß.As is apparent from US Pat. No. 3,276,209, there are also floating elements made of concrete with floating cells which are open at the bottom and which are pressurized by means of a compressed air system, which for each cell comprises a downwardly projecting supply air pipe and a ventilation valve in the ceiling. It is therefore very complex, heavy structures that are only suitable for large structures, such as breakwaters, and in which, in contrast to plastic hollow bodies, the immersion depth, which is not too small, must be countered.
Darüber hinaus ist der EP-A-0015 352 eine Industrieplattform zu entnehmen, die aus einer schwimmenden Stahlkonstruktion mit aus Stegwänden gebildeten, nach unten offenen Auftriebskammern besteht. In die Kammern vorragende Rohrstutzen ermöglichen eine Entlüftung und damit eine Einstellung des jeweiligen Wasserstandes in den Kammern, um die Auftriebswirkung an die unterschiedlichen Belastungen anpassen zu können. Es liegt ein Großbauwerk vor, das praktisch keinen Vergleich mit kleinen gattungsgemäßen Kunststoff-Schwimmelementen zuläßt.In addition, EP-A-0015 352 shows an industrial platform which consists of a floating steel structure with buoyancy chambers formed from web walls and opening downwards. Pipe sockets protruding into the chambers allow ventilation and thus an adjustment of the respective water level in the chambers in order to be able to adapt the buoyancy effect to the different loads. There is a large structure that practically does not allow any comparison with small generic plastic floating elements.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schwimmelement der eingangs geschilderten Art zu schaffen, das bei aufwandsarmer Herstellung, leichtem Gewicht und geschickter Handhabung das Zusammensetzen einer besonders stabilen, ruhig und sicher am Wasser liegenden Plattform od. dgl. gewährleistet.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a floating element of the type described at the outset, which ensures the assembly of a particularly stable, calmly and securely lying on the water platform or the like with little effort, light weight and skillful handling.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe dadurch, daß der Kunststoff-Hohlkörper in an sich bekannter Weise eine offene Unterseite besitzt und in den Wänden wenigstens ein mit Abstand von der Unterseite angeordnetes Luftloch vorgesehen ist. Die offene Unterseite erlaubt das Eindringen des Wassers in den Hohlraum des Schwimmelementes bis zu einer durch die Anordnung des Luftloches bestimmten Tiefe, so daß das in den Hohlkörper eingedrungene Wasser für die stabile, schwankungsarme Schwimmlage des Schwimmelementes sorgt. Dabei ist der unten offene Hohlkörper rationell, beispielsweise durch ein Spritzverfahren herstellbar und die fehlende Unterseite hilft Material und Gewicht einzusparen. Wird das Luftloch verhältnismäßig klein bemessen, beispielsweise mit 1 oder 2 mm Durchmesser, sinkt das Element zwar nur im Maße der möglichen Luftentweichung langsam ein, doch kann der verbleibende Hohlraum bei Wellengang und einem Freigeben des Luftloches auch nur langsam belüftet werden, was eine vom Wellengang weitgehend unbeeinträchtigte ruhige Lage gewährleistet. Starke Schwankungen oder gar ein unerwünschtes Abheben der Elemente vom Wasser ist praktisch unmöglich und die Schwimmstabilität läßt sich durch Wahl des Lochabstandes von der Unterseite und auch durch die Wahl der Lochdimension an die unterschiedlichen Gegebenheiten problemlos anpassen.The invention solves this problem in that the plastic hollow body is open in a manner known per se Has underside and at least one air hole arranged at a distance from the underside is provided in the walls. The open underside allows the water to penetrate into the cavity of the floating element to a depth determined by the arrangement of the air hole, so that the water which has penetrated into the hollow body ensures the stable, low-fluctuation floating position of the floating element. The hollow body, which is open at the bottom, is efficient, for example, can be produced by a spraying process, and the missing underside helps to save material and weight. If the air hole is dimensioned relatively small, for example with a diameter of 1 or 2 mm, the element sinks slowly only to the extent of the possible air escape, but the remaining cavity can only be ventilated slowly when there is a swell and the air hole is released, which is one of the swell largely undisturbed quiet location guaranteed. Strong fluctuations or even an undesirable lifting of the elements from the water is practically impossible and the swimming stability can be easily adapted to the different conditions by selecting the hole spacing from the underside and also by selecting the hole dimension.
Ist der Hohlkörper erfindungsgemäß durch zumindest eine Trennwand in nach unten offene Kammern unterteilt und jede Kammer mit einem Luftloch versehen, ergibt sich auf rationelle Weise eine weitere Stabilisierung der Schwimmlage, da die Wasserpolster in den einezlnen Kammern gegenseitigen Niveauunterschieden entgegenwirken und dadurch Kippbewegungen des Schwimmelementes beträchtlich erschweren, wobei zweckmäßigerweise durch zwei sich kreuzende Trennwände vier Kammern vorbereitet werden, die jeweils in einer ihrer Außenwände das Luftloch aufweisen. Sind auch innenliegende, nur von Trennwänden begrenzte Kammern vorgesehen, sind diese Kammern durch ihre Luftlöcher mit den benachbarten Kammern verbunden oder sie können auch durch die Oberseite belüftet sein, wodurch aber auf ihren Beitrag als Auftriebskammer verzichtet wird.If, according to the invention, the hollow body is divided into chambers which are open at the bottom by at least one partition and each chamber is provided with an air hole, the floating position is rationally further stabilized, since the water cushions in the individual chambers counteract mutual level differences and thereby make tilting movements of the floating element considerably more difficult , where four chambers are advantageously prepared by two intersecting partitions, each having the air hole in one of its outer walls. If internal chambers are provided, which are only delimited by partitions, these chambers are connected to the neighboring chambers through their air holes connected or they can also be ventilated through the top, but this does away with their contribution as a buoyancy chamber.
Weist wenigstens eine Wand eine Höhenmeßskala zum nachträglichen Setzen der Luftlöcher auf, kann das Bohren der Luftlöcher an Ort und Stelle des Einsatzbereiches entsprechend den jeweiligen Gegebenheiten erleichtert werden, wobei die Meßskala vor allem bei mehreren Luftlöchern das Einhalten der gewählten Abstände von der Unterseite vereinfacht und nach dem Einsatz der Schwimmelemente zum Ablesen der Eintauchtiefe herangezogen werden kann.If at least one wall has a height measuring scale for the subsequent setting of the air holes, drilling the air holes on the spot of the area of use can be facilitated according to the respective circumstances, the measuring scale simplifying and maintaining the selected distances from the underside, especially in the case of several air holes the use of the floating elements can be used to read the immersion depth.
Nach einer anderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besitzt der Kunststoff-Hohlkörper eine offene Unterseite und ist durch zumindest eine Trennwand in nach unten offene Kammern unterteilt, nimmt jede Kammer einen der Höhe nach verlaufenden, an der Deckwand des Hohlkörpers angesetzten Luftkanal auf, welcher durch ein Luftloch in der Deckwand luftzugängliche Luftkanal aus einer durch Stegwänden in einem Eckbereich vertikaler Wandinnenkanten abgegrenzten Eckkammer besteht und mit Abstand oberhalb der Unterseite eine Eintrittsöffnung bildet. Bei diesen Hohlkörpern wird die Eintauchtiefe nicht mehr durch die Höhenlage der Luftlöcher bestimmt, sondern durch die Lage der Eintrittsöffnung in die Luftkanäle, die selbst über die Luftlöcher ständig mit der Außenluft in Verbindung stehen. Es kommt zu einer gleichmäßigen Entlüftung des Hohlkörpers und einem gleichmäßigen Einsinken der Schwimmelemente, bis das im Inneren der Hohlkörper hochsteigende Wasser die Eintrittsöffnungen der Luftkanäle verschließt, wobei die oben liegenden Luftlöcher auch durch benachbarte Schwimmelemente od. dgl. nicht verlegt oder gar verschlossen werden können, was die Entlüftung beeinträchtigen würde. Da sich auftretende Schwankungen und Wellenbewegungen im Inneren des Hohlkörpers im Bereich der Eintrittsöffnungen im Vergleich zur Außenseite nur gedämpft und gemildert bemerkbar machen, ist ein Freilegen der Eintrittsöffnungen nicht mehr zu befürchten und das Schwimmelement liegt mit sicherer, gleichbleibender Eindringtiefe im Wasser. Trotz der Luftkanäle bleibt die Herstellung der Hohlkörper einfach, da die die Kanäle bildenden Eckkammern im Zuge der Hohlkörperfertigung beispielsweise im Spritzgußverfahren praktisch ohne Mehraufwand mitgefertigt werden können, wobei die Stegwände der Luftkanäle eine zusätzliche Versteifung des Hohlkörpers bzw. der Trennwände mit sich bringen.According to another embodiment of the invention, the plastic hollow body has an open underside and is divided into chambers that are open at the bottom by at least one partition, each chamber accommodates an air duct that runs vertically and is attached to the top wall of the hollow body and that passes through an air hole the top wall air-accessible air duct consists of a corner chamber delimited by web walls in a corner region of vertical wall inner edges and forms an inlet opening at a distance above the underside. With these hollow bodies, the immersion depth is no longer determined by the height of the air holes, but by the position of the inlet opening in the air channels, which are in constant communication with the outside air even through the air holes. The hollow body is evenly vented and the floating elements sink in evenly until the water rising inside the hollow body closes the inlet openings of the air ducts, the air holes on top not being able to be moved or even closed by adjacent floating elements or the like. which would affect the ventilation. Because fluctuations and Wave movements in the interior of the hollow body in the area of the inlet openings are only attenuated and softened in comparison to the outside, there is no longer any fear of exposing the inlet openings and the floating element lies in the water with a safe, constant depth of penetration. Despite the air ducts, the manufacture of the hollow bodies remains simple, since the corner chambers forming the ducts can be produced practically without additional effort in the course of the hollow body production, for example in the injection molding process, the web walls of the air ducts bringing additional stiffening of the hollow body or the partition walls.
Aus optischen und herstellungstechnischen Gründen sind die Schwimmelemente an der Oberseite meist bombiert und in den Oberkantenbereichen abgerundet und es ist auch möglich, zur Erhöhung der Plattform od. dgl. die Schwimmelemente aufeinanderzusetzen. Weisen dabei die unterseitigen Stirnflächen der Seiten- und Trennwände sowie der gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Versteifungsrippen eine an die Abrundungen der Oberseite angepaßte Form auf, kommt es beim Aufeinandersetzen der Elemente zu einem gegenseitigen Zentrieren und lagesicheren Positionieren der Elemente.For optical and manufacturing reasons, the floating elements are usually cambered on the top and rounded in the upper edge areas, and it is also possible to stack the floating elements on top of one another to increase the platform or the like. If the end faces on the underside of the side walls and dividing walls and any stiffening ribs which may be present have a shape which is adapted to the rounding of the upper side, when the elements are placed one on the other, the elements are centered and positioned securely.
Üblicherweise dienen gegeneinander höhenversetzte Laschen als Verbindungsteile, so daß beim Zusammensetzen der Elemente die Laschen der benachbarten Elemente einander übergreifen und mittels eines gemeinsamen Verriegelungsbolzens od. dgl. zu einem Verbindungsknoten vereint werden können. An den freibleibenden Seitenwänden einer zusammengesetzten Plattform od. dgl. sind jeweils nur zwei Laschen der benachbarten Elemente vorhanden, so daß hier eine ordnungsgemäße Knotenausbildung fehlt. Ist nun nach einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ein Fender, der aus einem längsgeschlitzten, zu Befestigungsflanschen auswärts abgewinkelte Schlitzränder bildenden Kunststoffrohr besteht, an den nebeneinanderliegenden freien Seitenwänden wenigstens zweier zusammengesetzter Schwimmelemente horizontal auf die Laschen aufsteckbar und unter Zwischenlage von in der Dicke an die Laschenstärke angepaßten Beilagscheiben festschraubbar, lassen sich durch diesen Fender die Laschen der freien Plattformseiten einwandfrei wie in üblichen Verbindungsknoten zusammenspannen, so daß auch im Randbereich der Plattform eine gleichbleibend feste Schwimmelementenverbindung entsteht. Darüber hinaus wird durch den Fender gleichzeitig der gewünschte Anfahrschutz für Boote od.dgl. erreicht, wobei die Fender zusätzlich durch ihre Rohrform einen Versorgungskanal schaffen, durch den Wasser- oder Stromkabel verlegt werden aber auch die Luftleitungen zur Be- und Entlüftung der Kammern verlaufen können.Usually, vertically offset tabs serve as connecting parts, so that when the elements are put together, the tabs of the adjacent elements overlap one another and by means of a common locking bolt or the like can be combined to form a connection node. On the remaining side walls of a composite platform or the like, there are only two tabs of the adjacent elements, so that proper knot formation is missing here. Is now, according to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a fender, which consists of a longitudinally slotted plastic tube forming angled slot flanges outward to fastening flanges, horizontally attachable to the tabs on the adjacent free side walls of at least two assembled floating elements and with the thickness of the tab thickness being interposed adapted washers can be screwed tight, this fender allows the tabs on the free sides of the platform to be clamped together perfectly, as in conventional connecting knots, so that a constant, firm floating element connection is also created in the edge area of the platform. In addition, the fender at the same time the desired collision protection for boats or the like. achieved, whereby the fenders also create a supply channel through their tube shape, through which water or power cables are laid but also the air lines for ventilation of the chambers can run.
Besitzt das Kunststoffrohr des Fenders im Mantelbereich eine dünnere Wandstärke als im Flanschbereich, kommt es auf einfache Weise zur erforderlichen Elastizität des Fenders, der dadurch die Wucht anfahrender Boote od. dgl. mildern kann, und zur erforderlichen Festigkeit der Befestigungsflansche,die das Zusammenhalten der Laschen und Verbinden der Schwimmelemente erlaubt.If the plastic pipe of the fender has a thinner wall thickness in the jacket area than in the flange area, the required elasticity of the fender, which can thereby reduce the force of boats or the like, and the required strength of the fastening flanges, which hold the tabs together, are easily obtained and connecting the floating elements allowed.
In der Zeichnung ist der Erfindungsgegenstand schematisch veranschaulicht, und zwar zeigen
- Fig. 1 und 2
- ein erfindungsgemäßes Schwimmelement in Draufsicht bzw. im Vertikalschnitt nach der Linie II-II der Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3
- eine aus diesen Schwimmelementen zusammengesetzte Schwimmplattform in Draufsicht kleineren Maßstabes,
- Fig. 4
- einen Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV der Fig. 3 größeren Maßstabes,
- Fig. 5
- einen an der Plattform befestigten Fender im Querschnitt ebenfalls größeren Maßstabes und
- Fig. 6 und 7
- ein weiteres Ausfuhrungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Schwimmelementes in Draufsicht bzw. im Vertikalschnitt.
- 1 and 2
- an inventive floating element in plan view or in vertical section along the line II-II of Fig. 1,
- Fig. 3
- a swimming platform composed of these floating elements in a plan view on a smaller scale,
- Fig. 4
- 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3 on a larger scale,
- Fig. 5
- a fender attached to the platform in cross section also of a larger scale and
- 6 and 7
- a further exemplary embodiment of a floating element according to the invention in plan view or in vertical section.
Das dargestellte Schwimmelement 1 besteht aus einem im wesentlichen prismatischen Hohlkörper 2, der als Kunststoffspritzteil mit offener Unterseite 3 und den Seitenwänden 4 sowie der Oberseite 5 entlang verlaufenden Versteifungsrippen 6 und zwei sich kreuzenden Trennwänden 7 hergestellt ist. Die Trennwände 7 unterteilen den Hohlkörper 2 in vier nach unten offene Kammern 8, wobei gemäß dem Ausfuhrungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 und 2 die Seitenwände 4 für jede der Kammern ein kleines Luftloch 9 aufweisen, welche Luftlöcher 9 mit gleichem Abstand von der Unterseite 3 angeordnet sind. Eine Höhenmeßskala 10 an den Seiten- oder Trennwänden erlaubt dabei nicht nur ein einfaches nachträgliches Setzen der Luftlöcher 9, sondern auch ein Ablesen der Eintauchtiefe des Schwimmelementes 1. Wie im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 6 und 7 angedeutet, kann für jede Kammer 8 auch in der Deckwand 5 ein Luftloch 9 vorgesehen sein, welche Luftlöcher 9 in im Inneren des Hohlkörpers 2 an der Deckwand 5 angesetzte Luftkanäle 11 führen. Diese Luftkanäle sind im Kreuzungsbereich der Trennwände 7 angeordnet und entstehen durch die Trennwände 7 zu Eckkammern abgrenzende Stegwände 12. Die Luftkanäle 11 erstrecken sich abwärts nur bis zu einem bestimmten Abstand oberhalb der Unter seite 3, wo sie Eintrittsöffnungen 13 bilden.The
Diese unten offenen Schwimmelemente 1 tauchen im Wasser bis zu einer durch die Lage der seitlichen Luftlöcher 9 oder der Eintrittsöffnungen 13 bestimmten Tiefe ein, in der der Wasserspiegel die Luftlöcher 9 oder die Luftkanäle 11 verschließt und der komprimierte Luftpolster in den oberen Kammerbereichen die erforderlichen Auftriebskräfte bewirkt. Das in die Kammern 8 eindringende Wasser gewährleistet eine ruhige, sichere Schwimmlage des Schwimmelementes 1 und die Aufteilung in Kammern sorgt für ein weitgehend kipp- und schwankungsfreies Schwimmen. Die innenliegenden Luftkanäle 11, die über die Luftlöcher 9 in Außenluftverbindung stehen, verhindern hier auch bei stärkeren Schwankbewegungen eine weitere Entlüftung der Kammern und damit ein ungewolltes Ändern der Eindringtiefe.These floating
Um gegebenenfalls beim Aufeinandersetzen zweier Hohlkörper 2 zum Erhöhen der Schwimmelemente eine Zentrierung und rutschsichere Positionierung zu erreichen, kann die Unterseite, wie in Fig. 2 strichpunktiert angedeutet, im Bereich der unteren Stirnflächen von Seiten- und Trennwänden bzw. Versteifungsrippen eine der Form der Oberseite 5 mit ihren Abrundungen 14 im Oberkantenbereich od. dgl. angepaßten Verlauf 15 nehmen.In order to achieve centering and non-slip positioning when two
Die Schwimmelemente 1 lassen sich mit anderen gleichen Elementen zu Plattformen 16 od. dgl. zusammensetzen, wobei jedes Schwimmelement 1 in den Seitenkantenbereichen als Laschen 17 ausgebildete Verbindungsteile aufweist. Diese Laschen 17 sind gegeneinander höhenversetzt und mit einem Auge 18 zur Aufnahme eines Verriegelungsbolzens 19 versehen. Die Augen 18 besitzen umfangseitige Einbuchtungen 20 zum Durchführen des mit entsprechenden Sperrnocken 21 ausgestatteten Verriegelungsbolzens 19 und jeweils die unterste Lasche 17a weist zusätzlich an der Unterseite zwischen den Einbuchtungen 20 Rastausnehmungen 22 auf, in die die Sperrnocken 21 des Verriegelungsbolzens 19 bei einer Verdrehung einrasten, so daß der gesetzte Verriegelungsbolzen 19 gegen ein unerwünschtes Herausziehen gesichert ist.The floating
Die Schwimmelemente 1 können, wie insbesondere aus Fig. 3 und 4 ersichtlich, nach dem Baukastenprinzip in verschiedensten Grundrißformen zusammengesetzt werden, wobei jeweils vier aneinanderstoßende Schwimmelemente mittels eines gemeinsamen Verriegelungsbolzens 19, der durch die übereinandergreifenden Laschen der benachbarten Schwimmelemente hindurchsteckbar und verriegelbar ist, verbunden und zusammengehalten werden, so daß Plattformen 16 od. dgl. in gewünschter Gestalt und Größe entstehen.The floating
Um an den freien Seitenwänden 4 der zur Plattform 16 zusammengesetzten Schwimmelemente 1 ebenfalls einen ordnungsgemäßen Zusammenhalt der Schwimmelemente zu erreichen, kann auf die Laschen 17 an diesen Seiten ein Fender 23 aufgesteckt und festgeschraubt werden, der, wie aus Fig.5 hervorgeht, aus einem geschlitzten Kunststoffrohr 24 mit zu Befestigungsflanschen 25 abgewinkelten Schlitzrändern besteht. Unter Zwischenlage nicht weiter dargestellter Beilagscheiben, die in ihrer Dicke der Dicke der Laschen 17 entsprechen, wird der Fender 23 über die Befestigungsflansche 25, die im Abstand benachbarter Laschen 17 Befestigungslöcher 26 aufweisen, an den Laschen 17 festgeschraubt, wobei die Beilagscheiben jeweils die zu einem ordnungsgemäßen Knoten von vier übereinanderliegenden Laschen fehlenden zwei Laschen ersetzen. Das Kunststoffrohr 24 ist im Mantelbereich dünnwandinger als im Flanschbereich, so daß trotz einer ausreichenden Steifigkeit für die Befestigung eine erwünschte Elastizität des Rohrteiles entsteht und die Aufgabe eines Fenders voll erfüllt werden kann. Der Fender 23 ist darüber hinaus auf Grund seiner Rohrform als Versorgungskanal verwendbar, durch den Wasserleitungen, Stromleitungen u. dgl. einfach und geschützt verlegt werden können.In order to also achieve proper cohesion of the floating elements on the
Es versteht sich von selbst, daß die Oberfläche der Schwimmelemente 1 mit einer rutschsicheren Profilierung versehen sein kann und sich die Elemente auch mit anderen üblichen Zusatzeinrichtungen u. dgl. bestücken und ausrüsten lassen.It goes without saying that the surface of the floating
Claims (7)
- A float element (1) consisting of a substantially prismatic plastic hollow member (2) which has at the side walls (4), preferably in the side edge regions, connecting means (17) for connection to other identical float elements (1), characterised in that the plastic hollow member (2) has an open underside (3) in manner known per se and at least one air hole (9) disposed at a distance from the underside (3) is provided in the side walls (4).
- A float element according to claim 1, characterised in that the hollow member (2) is divided by at least one partition (7) into chambers (8) open at the bottom and each chamber (8) has an air hole (9).
- A float element according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that at least one wall (4, 7) has a height measuring scale (10) for subsequent placing of the air holes.
- A float element (1) consisting of a substantially prismatic plastic hollow member (2) which has at the side walls (4), preferably in the side edge regions, connecting means (17) for connection to other identical float elements (1), characterised in that the plastic hollow member (2) has an open underside (3) in manner known per se and is preferably divided by at least one partition (7) into chambers (8) open at the bottom, in that each chamber (8) has an air duct (11) extending over the height and attached to the top wall (5) of the hollow member (2), said air duct (11), to which the air is accessible through an air hole (9) in the top wall (5), consisting of a corner chamber defined by partition walls (12) in a corner zone of vertical inner wall edges and forming an entry opening (13) at a distance above the underside (3).
- A float element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, with radiused top edge zones or the like, characterised in that the underside end faces of the side walls and partitions (4, 7) and the stiffening ribs (6) where provided have a shape (15) adapted to the radiusing (14) of the upper side (5).
- A float element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the connecting means are lugs vertically offset from one another, characterised in that a fender (23) consisting of a longitudinally slit plastic tube (24), which forms slit edges bent out at an angle to form fixing flanges (25), can be fitted horizontally on to the lugs (17) at the adjacent free side walls (4) of at least two connected float elements (1) and can be screwed tight with the interposition of washers, the thickness of which is adapted to the lug thickness.
- A float element according to claim 6, characterised in that the outer surface zone of the plastic tube (24) has a thinner wall thickness than the flange zone.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT886/89 | 1989-04-14 | ||
| AT88689A AT393252B (en) | 1989-04-14 | 1989-04-14 | Floating element consisting of an essentially prismatic plastic hollow body |
| AT219289A AT398063B (en) | 1989-09-20 | 1989-09-20 | Floating element consisting of an essentially prismatic plastic hollow body |
| AT2192/89 | 1989-09-20 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0393015A1 EP0393015A1 (en) | 1990-10-17 |
| EP0393015B1 true EP0393015B1 (en) | 1994-08-10 |
Family
ID=25594218
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90890101A Expired - Lifetime EP0393015B1 (en) | 1989-04-14 | 1990-04-05 | Floating element |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5125355A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0393015B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2014361A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59006737D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0393015T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2062497T3 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR25079A (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2664558B1 (en) * | 1990-07-10 | 1995-06-02 | Fact Anal Scp | FLOATING PLATFORM OF VARIABLE DIMENSIONS WITH WILL AND SIMPLE AND LOW COST MANUFACTURE. |
| US5347948A (en) * | 1993-08-13 | 1994-09-20 | Rytand David H | Panelized float system |
| US5421282A (en) * | 1993-12-16 | 1995-06-06 | Morris; Richard D. | Artificial floating island |
| US5743205A (en) * | 1993-12-16 | 1998-04-28 | Morris; Richard D. | Floating dock element |
| US5529013A (en) * | 1995-07-11 | 1996-06-25 | Eva, Iii; W. Allan | Floating drive-on dry dock assembly |
| US5775248A (en) * | 1996-12-18 | 1998-07-07 | Simola; Charles H. | Stabilized float drum |
| US5931113A (en) * | 1997-09-12 | 1999-08-03 | Ocean Innovations, Inc. | Floating drive on dry dock assembly having a supporting beam |
| US6745714B1 (en) | 2001-10-29 | 2004-06-08 | Jet Dock Systems, Inc. | Control for variable buoyancy floating dock |
| US6912966B2 (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2005-07-05 | E-Z Dock, Inc. | Molded plastic gangway |
| US7387473B2 (en) * | 2004-11-19 | 2008-06-17 | Norman Louis Smith | Apparatus and method for creating a floating cover |
| US7243608B2 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2007-07-17 | E-Z-Dock, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for assembling docks |
| US8635999B2 (en) * | 2006-04-07 | 2014-01-28 | Richard C Rosene | Floating spa cover or adjustable size |
| ITMI20062238A1 (en) * | 2006-11-22 | 2008-05-23 | Insulae Natantes S R L | FLOATING MODULE AND MODULAR FLOATING STRUCTURE WITH VARIABLE SET-UP. |
| US8844455B2 (en) * | 2009-07-05 | 2014-09-30 | King Saud University | Buoyed biomats for reservoir fluid management |
| DE102011012113A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2012-08-23 | Daimler Ag | Surface swimming platform and floating elements for their production |
| DE102012010973A1 (en) | 2012-06-02 | 2012-12-13 | Daimler Ag | Active surface platform for constructing building elements e.g. walls, of factory, has floor structure located on substrate, on which platform segment is displaceably arranged, where platform is located on substrate |
| DK2692624T3 (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2015-01-26 | Pin-Chien Wu | Universal liquid container |
| WO2015105961A1 (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2015-07-16 | Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Inc. | Floating active baffles, system and method of slosh damping comprising the same |
| US20160347430A1 (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2016-12-01 | R2 Trading LLC | Modular floating dock system and method |
| US10960958B2 (en) * | 2016-08-14 | 2021-03-30 | Robert John Sharp | Device and method for securing a watercraft |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1908714A (en) * | 1930-07-15 | 1933-05-16 | Schneider Anton | Floating isle, floating bridge, floating dock, and similar construction |
| FR925908A (en) * | 1946-04-02 | 1947-09-17 | Pontoon and other similar floating constructions | |
| US2858790A (en) * | 1954-08-30 | 1958-11-04 | Jr Thomas M Russell | Anti-heel and anti-movement device for floats, boats and craft |
| US3276209A (en) * | 1962-09-25 | 1966-10-04 | Daryl R Mosdell | Floating marine structure |
| AT312039B (en) * | 1971-08-19 | 1973-12-10 | Stranzinger Hermann | Floating element |
| CA948933A (en) * | 1972-04-18 | 1974-06-11 | Hans Hammer | Buoyant structure |
| US3861340A (en) * | 1973-02-22 | 1975-01-21 | Jerry L Clingenpeel | Floating dock structure |
| AT325094B (en) * | 1973-05-30 | 1975-10-10 | Stranzinger Hermann | FLOATING ELEMENT |
| GB1579191A (en) * | 1976-02-19 | 1980-11-12 | Varitrac Ag | Stabilizing system on a semi-submerisible crane vessel |
| FR2449764A1 (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-19 | Alsthom Atlantique | SUPPORT STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT, CAPABLE OF SERVING FLOATING BARGE AND FOUNDATION, AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME |
| US4487151A (en) * | 1982-05-14 | 1984-12-11 | Salvatore Deiana | Floating highway |
| US4604962A (en) * | 1985-01-28 | 1986-08-12 | Denis Guibault | Modular floating dock |
| US4799445A (en) * | 1987-08-12 | 1989-01-24 | Follansbee Steel Corporation | Modular float drum system |
-
1990
- 1990-04-05 ES ES90890101T patent/ES2062497T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-04-05 EP EP90890101A patent/EP0393015B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-04-05 DK DK90890101.0T patent/DK0393015T3/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-04-05 DE DE59006737T patent/DE59006737D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-04-05 US US07/504,979 patent/US5125355A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-04-11 CA CA002014361A patent/CA2014361A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-04-13 TR TR90/0339A patent/TR25079A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2062497T3 (en) | 1994-12-16 |
| US5125355A (en) | 1992-06-30 |
| DK0393015T3 (en) | 1995-03-20 |
| TR25079A (en) | 1992-11-01 |
| CA2014361A1 (en) | 1990-10-14 |
| EP0393015A1 (en) | 1990-10-17 |
| DE59006737D1 (en) | 1994-09-15 |
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