EP0391509B1 - Fuel injection system for diesel engines - Google Patents

Fuel injection system for diesel engines Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0391509B1
EP0391509B1 EP90250087A EP90250087A EP0391509B1 EP 0391509 B1 EP0391509 B1 EP 0391509B1 EP 90250087 A EP90250087 A EP 90250087A EP 90250087 A EP90250087 A EP 90250087A EP 0391509 B1 EP0391509 B1 EP 0391509B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plunger
fuel
valve
chamber
fuel injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90250087A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0391509A1 (en
Inventor
Yasutaka C/O Yokohama Dockyard & Machinery Irie
Etsuo C/O Nagasaki Tech. Inst. Kunimoto
Yoshinori C/O Nagasaki Tech. Inst. Nagae
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Publication of EP0391509A1 publication Critical patent/EP0391509A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0391509B1 publication Critical patent/EP0391509B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/005—Pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/04—Means for damping vibrations or pressure fluctuations in injection pump inlets or outlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/105—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive hydraulic drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F02M59/462—Delivery valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/04—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for avoiding effect of cavitation, e.g. erosion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel injection system for diesel engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a fuel injection system for diesel engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such an injection system is known from GB-A-2 107 801.
  • What is particularly important in this case is to prevent the problem of secondary injection of fuel and a cavitation erosion.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel injection system for diesel engines which is adapted to prevent the occurance of the secondary injection of the fuel and the cavitation.
  • the present invention is characterized by the features in the second part of claim 1. Further development are obvious from the features of claims 2 and 3.
  • a plunger barrel 2 which is supported in place in a fuel injection pump 1 and a plunger 3 which is made movable upwardly and downwardly and freely pivotably supported in place in the plunger barrel 2, the plunger 3 having a plunger guide 7 at its lower end.
  • a discharge union 4 is secured to a pump housing 1a via a valve seat body 20 by means of bolts.
  • a reference numeral 5 represents a control sleeve which is freely pivotably supported on the plunger 2.
  • a notched groove 5a is formed in the lower portion of the sleeve 5, and the plunger 3 has its flange 3c inserted into the notched groove 5a. Accordingly, it is possible for the plunger 3 to rotate itself about its axis when the sleeve 5 is rotated.
  • a pinion 5b is defined around the upper outer circumference of the sleeve 5.
  • a control rack 6 is provided so that its teeth 6a may engage the pinion 5b of the sleeve 5.
  • the control rack 6 is freely slidably mounted upon the pump housing 1a and actuated by means of a governor (not shown) . As the control rack 6 is actuated, the sleeve 5 is caused to pivot about its axis via teeth 6a and the pinion 5b to control the quantity of fuel to be delivered. There is also provided a spring 8 which biases the plunger 3 downwardly in the view via a spring receiver 9, a straightening rod 10 which is inserted into a discharge opening 11 defined in the plunger barrel 2, and a delivery valve 21 which has a piston 21b, the piston 21b having an annular sealing portion 21a engaged therewith.
  • the delivery valve 21 is freely pivotably supported in place on the valve seat body 20 and is biased downwardly in the view by means of a spring 22.
  • a reference numeral 23 represents an inlet valve which is freely slidably supported in place on the valve seat and biased downwardly in the view by means of a spring 24.
  • a reference numeral 25 represents a retraction valve which is freely slidably supported in place on the discharge union 4 and biased upwardly by means of a spring 26.
  • a fuel inlet port 12 defined in the pump housing 1a
  • a fuel outlet port 13 defined in the pump housing 1a
  • a fuel chamber 14 a plunger chamber 15 formed in the upper portion inside the plunger barrel 2
  • a plurality of oil passages 16 notched in the plunger barrel 2 which connects between the fuel chamber 14 and a suction chamber 17, a suction opening 18 for opening and closing the seat 19 by the upward and downward movement of the inlet valve 23 so as to supply the fuel to the plunger chamber 15, a passage 30 for connecting a delivery passage 32 with the plunger chamber 15 by opening and closing the seat 31 to move the delivery valve 21 upwardly and downwardly, and an orifice 33 provided between the seat 34 and the passage 32, the seal 34 being opened and closed with the upward and downward movement of the retraction valve 25.
  • the passage 32 is in communication with the plunger chamber 15 via the orifice 33, through the passage 25a of the retraction valve 25, the passage 35, the bore 27a of the spring retainer 27 and through the bore 23a of the retraction valve 23.
  • the plunger 3 is provided at its upper portion with two control grooves 3a.
  • a reference numeral 53 represents a piston chamber which comprises a servo cylinder 51, a cover 54 arranged at the lower end of the servo cylinder 51, and a servo piston 52.
  • the piston chamber 53 of the fuel injection pump 1 thus arranged is connected either with the line which connects with the tank 61 through the pump 63 and the strainer 62, or with the line which connects directly with the tank 61, under the operation of the directional control valve. Furthermore, an accumulator 64 is provided at a pipe line connecting between the directional control valve 65 and the fuel pump 63.
  • the piston chamber 53 is connected directly with the tank 61. Accordingly, the servo piston 52 is at its lowermost position under the bias of the spring 8. The plunger 3 is also at its lowermost position as shown in Fig. 1b.
  • the oil is supplied to the accumulator 64 by means of the pump 63 even in this state and the collected in the accumulator 64.
  • the suction chamber 17 is also supplied with the fuel from a pump P not shown via the fuel inlet 12, through the fuel chamber 14 and the discharge opening 16, and any overflow of the fuel is returned back to the tank T not shown.
  • a fluid is pumped under an elevated pressure from the accumulator 64 into the piston chamber 53.
  • This high pressure fluid serves to move the servo piston 52 upwardly and downwardly.
  • the servo piston 52 causes the plunger 3 to move upwardly and downwardly via the plunger guide 7 shown in Fig. 1b.
  • the fuel oil of the plunger chamber 15 is pressurized and such elevated pressure fuel is effective to move the retraction valve 21 upwardly in opposition against the bias of the spring 22, and thus the sealing portion 21a shifts upwardly from the seat 31 to open the valve.
  • the fuel is injected into the cylinder from the injection nozzle through an injection pipe not shown.
  • the retraction valve 25 and the inlet valve 23 close the seats 19 and 34 under an internal pressure as shown in Fig. 1(c).
  • the plunger 3 stops its upward and downward movement, and correspondingly a pressure inside the plunger chamber drops abruptly and thereby causing the spring 22 to bias the delivery valve 21 to displace it downwardly for opening the valve 21.
  • the pressure present inside the injection pipe is reduced abruptly to a level close to a pressure at which the injection nozzle valve is closed.
  • the wave force is transmitted to the retraction valve 25 passing through the orifice 33 to lower the retraction valve 25 and open the seat 34, whereby withdrawing the fuel in the injection pipe via the oil passage 35. Then, the pressure present inside the injection pipe may gradually drops below a level at which the injection nozzle is opened, and subsequently the retraction valve 25 is closed. Thus, the injection nozzle may not be reopened, i.e., it is possible to prevent the occurance of secondary injection of the fuel so that the injection cycle may be completed.
  • the bore of the orifice 33 is sized to be optimum so that no negative pressure is generated inside the injection pipe and the problem of cavitation may be prevented.
  • the plunger 3 is controlled to be movable downwardly. As the pressure prevailing inside the plunger chamber 15 may be reduced below a level present in the suction chamber, and thus the inlet valve 23 is caused to be movable upwardly in opposition against the bias of the spring 24 to open the seat 19 and thereby allowing the supply of the fuel in the suction chamber to the plunger chamber 15 flowing through the seat 19.
  • the supply of the fuel is completed when the plunger 3 stops its lowering movement. At this instance, the spring 8 acts to move the plunger 3 downwardly to facilitate the supply of fuel.
  • Fig. 2 shows a relationship between the control grooves 3a and the discharge opening, and the operation of these control grooves 3a in association with the discharge opening 11 will be described hereinbelow with reference to Fig. 2.
  • the rack positions of the control rack 6 are varied and the plunger 3 is caused to pivot.
  • the stroke of the plunger on its upward and downward movements is represented by the distance S1.
  • a maximum stroke at the rack position Rc1 is (S1 + ⁇ S1), and this ⁇ S1 represents a limit stroke at which the engine may be protected from the imposition of overloads.
  • symbols S2 and ⁇ S2 represent a normal stroke and a limit stroke at the rack position Re2 respectively.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP90250087A 1989-04-03 1990-03-30 Fuel injection system for diesel engines Expired - Lifetime EP0391509B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1081527A JP2749862B2 (ja) 1989-04-03 1989-04-03 ディーゼル機関の燃料噴射装置
JP81527/89 1989-04-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0391509A1 EP0391509A1 (en) 1990-10-10
EP0391509B1 true EP0391509B1 (en) 1994-03-02

Family

ID=13748798

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90250087A Expired - Lifetime EP0391509B1 (en) 1989-04-03 1990-03-30 Fuel injection system for diesel engines

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0391509B1 (da)
JP (1) JP2749862B2 (da)
KR (1) KR930008513B1 (da)
DE (1) DE69006882T2 (da)
DK (1) DK0391509T3 (da)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2731997B1 (fr) * 1995-03-22 1997-05-09 Kodak Pathe Derouleuse de produit en bande
KR100715657B1 (ko) * 2006-09-26 2007-05-07 쌍용자동차 주식회사 자동차의 피스톤 오일 분사노즐 조립장치
DE102017205949B3 (de) * 2017-04-07 2018-09-27 Continental Automotive Gmbh Ventilanordnung für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem einer Brennkraftmaschine

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR803260A (fr) * 1935-06-11 1936-09-26 Perfectionnements aux pompes d'injection pour moteurs à combustion interne
GB690563A (en) * 1950-06-14 1953-04-22 Cav Ltd Liquid fuel pumps
FR1377870A (fr) * 1963-12-20 1964-11-06 Sulzer Ag Pompe d'injection de combustible pour moteur à combustion interne à piston
GB1211346A (en) * 1967-01-13 1970-11-04 Bryce Berger Ltd Liquid fuel injection pumps
FR2456221B1 (fr) * 1979-05-07 1986-07-11 Benaroya Henry Perfectionnements aux systemes d'injection de combustible pour moteurs a combustion interne
DE3141654A1 (de) * 1981-10-21 1983-05-05 L'Orange GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe, insbesondere fuer eine dieselbrennkraftmaschine
JPH057500Y2 (da) * 1987-04-21 1993-02-25
JPS6415460A (en) * 1987-07-09 1989-01-19 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Fuel injection device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69006882T2 (de) 1994-06-16
DK0391509T3 (da) 1994-03-28
JP2749862B2 (ja) 1998-05-13
DE69006882D1 (de) 1994-04-07
JPH02264147A (ja) 1990-10-26
EP0391509A1 (en) 1990-10-10
KR930008513B1 (ko) 1993-09-09
KR900016608A (ko) 1990-11-13

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