EP0390968B1 - Training cartridge for weapon simulators, especially for use in training installations for tanks - Google Patents
Training cartridge for weapon simulators, especially for use in training installations for tanks Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0390968B1 EP0390968B1 EP89119311A EP89119311A EP0390968B1 EP 0390968 B1 EP0390968 B1 EP 0390968B1 EP 89119311 A EP89119311 A EP 89119311A EP 89119311 A EP89119311 A EP 89119311A EP 0390968 B1 EP0390968 B1 EP 0390968B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cartridge
- training
- case
- cartridge case
- unlocking
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
- F42B8/02—Cartridges
- F42B8/08—Dummy cartridges, i.e. inert cartridges containing neither primer nor explosive or combustible powder charge
Definitions
- the invention relates to a training cartridge for weapon simulators, in particular on training systems for main battle tanks, with a projectile part which is arranged on a cartridge case which has a case base at its rear end.
- the loader could not be realistically included in the temporal and functional course of the loading and firing process.
- the above-mentioned drill cartridge does not yet correspond to the real conditions in that in many cases the cartridge case burns during a real launch and only the case base is ejected.
- a practice cartridge with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 is described in the document CH-A-543 724.
- the sleeve base is firmly connected to the cartridge case, so that it is not possible to eject the sleeve base alone.
- EP-A-0 056 076 describes a training shooting device for cannons, guns or the like in which a sub-caliber cartridge is inserted into a full-caliber cartridge stub sleeve and is inserted into the device together with it. After the simulated firing, the cartridge stub sleeve is ejected. There is no full-caliber cartridge case and no full-caliber projectile part in this device, so that this practice cartridge does not correspond to the real conditions either.
- the invention has for its object a training cartridge with the features specified above and in the preamble of claim 1 before the loading process corresponds in its external dimensions, the weight and the center of gravity of the original ammunition and which is divided after the simulated launch so that only the case bottom is ejected, which has the same dimensions as a real launch.
- the basic idea of the invention is to releasably connect the case base to the cartridge case in such a way that it is separated from the cartridge case after the simulated firing and is ejected by the return of the weapon in the case case.
- loading and unloading can be carried out in the event of "failure of the weapon system in accordance with the regulations.
- a particular advantage of the practice cartridge according to the invention is that it can be used several times, the sleeve base being reinserted into the cartridge sleeve after firing and secured and locked by pressing and turning by hand.
- the locking mechanism described in particular in the subclaims is characterized inter alia. characterized in that it easily absorbs the acceleration forces of the cartridge case in the axial direction, as they occur when inserted into the weapon simulator.
- a conventional practice cartridge which is modeled on a real projectile, consists in each case of a projectile part 5 which is arranged on a cartridge case 1 which has a case base 3 at its rear end.
- the sleeve base 3 is detachably connected to the cartridge sleeve 1 via a locking device which is explained below and which is arranged in the cartridge sleeve 1 and can be unlocked from the outside.
- Fig. 3 shows the rear end of the cartridge case 1 with the case base 3, which has a locking bolt 3.1, which is inserted into the longitudinal axis of the sleeve 1 and is held at its front end by a locking device.
- the locking device has a receptacle part 2.2 which is fixedly connected to the sleeve and on which two locking elements 2.8 are arranged, which are displaceable in the radial direction and offset by 180 ° relative to one another, which in the locking position under the force of compression springs 2.6 into a circumferential groove arranged at the front end of the locking bolt 3.1 3.2 intervene.
- the arrangement and design of the locking elements 2.8 is such that the high acceleration forces of the cartridge case 1 are absorbed by them in the axial direction when the cartridge is inserted.
- the locking elements 2.8 are guided via bolts 2.5 fastened to them, which are slidably held in a segment 2.4 which is screwed onto the receiving part 2.2.
- Guide elements 2.3 which are provided with rear-facing bevels, are used for unlocking, which are made in one piece are connected to the locking elements 2.8 and interact with bevels which are arranged at the front end of the inner part 2 of an unlocking sleeve.
- This inner part 2 lies in the cartridge case 1 coaxially with the locking bolt 3.1 and can be displaced forward against the force of a compression spring 2.7 in the direction of the locking elements 2.8.
- the inner part of the unlocking sleeve is connected to a likewise coaxially arranged outer part 2.1, which is arranged between the cartridge case 1 and the sleeve base 3 and is designed as an unlocking member such that a pawl arranged on the ammunition slide (not shown) of the weapon simulator and also not shown can engage in the recessed section of the outer part 2.1 at the advance of the ammunition slide and the outer part 2.1 and thus also the inner part 2 of the unlocking sleeve moves against the force of the compression spring 2.7.
- an anti-rotation device Arranged on the locking device is furthermore an anti-rotation device which has a sliding block 4.1 guided in the receiving part 2.2 in the axial direction, which engages under the force of a compression spring 4.2 in a radial groove 3.4 arranged on the head of the locking bolt 3.1.
- the sleeve base 3 is attached to the cartridge case 1 in such a way that the locking bolt 3.1 in the inner part 2 of the unlocking sleeve is pushed in, whereby the locking elements 2.8 are first pushed apart by the bevel 3.3 arranged at the front end of the locking bolt 3.1 and then engage under the action of the compression springs 2.6 in the circumferential groove 3.2.
- the sliding block 4.1 of the anti-rotation device 4 engages in the radial groove 3.4 on the head of the locking bolt 3.1 and secures the sleeve base 3 against rotation.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Übungspatrone für Waffensimulatoren, insbesondere an Ausbildungsanlagen für Kampfpanzer, mit einem Geschoßteil, der an einer Patronenhülse angeordnet ist, die an ihrem hinteren Ende einen Hülsenboden aufweist.The invention relates to a training cartridge for weapon simulators, in particular on training systems for main battle tanks, with a projectile part which is arranged on a cartridge case which has a case base at its rear end.
Bei der Erstausbildung sowie bei der drillmäßigen Wiederholungsausbildung von Turmbesatzungen in Ausbildungsanlagen für Kampfpanzer konnte bisher der Ladeschütze nicht wirklichkeitsnah in den zeitlichen und funktionellen Handlungsablauf des Lade- und Schießvorganges einbezogen werden.In the initial training as well as in the drill-like repetition training of tower crews in training systems for main battle tanks, the loader could not be realistically included in the temporal and functional course of the loading and firing process.
Seine Aufgabe beschränkte sich darauf, an einen vorhandenen Bediengerät die Munitionsart vorzuwählen und die Feuerfreigabe zu erteilen.His task was limited to preselecting the type of ammunition on an existing control unit and issuing the fire release.
Gemäß einem älteren Vorschlag (DE 38 18 277 A1) ist eine Exerzierpatrone für eine Waffenanlage bekannt, bei welcher der Geschoßteil beim Abschuß vollständig in die Patronenhülse eingezogen wird, womit erreicht wird, daß die nach dem simulierten Abschießen ausgeworfene Patronenhülse wenigstens in ihren Außenabmessungen der auch im Realfall zu entladenden Patronenhülse entspricht.According to an older proposal (DE 38 18 277 A1), a drill cartridge for a weapon system is known, in which the projectile part is completely drawn into the cartridge case when it is fired, with the result that the cartridge case ejected after the simulated firing, at least in its outer dimensions, too corresponds to the cartridge case to be discharged in the real case.
Die oben erwähnte Exerzierpatrone entspricht insofern noch nicht den realen Bedingungen als in vielen Fällen bei einem realen Abschuß die Patronenhülse verbrennt und nur der Hülsenboden ausgeworfen wird.The above-mentioned drill cartridge does not yet correspond to the real conditions in that in many cases the cartridge case burns during a real launch and only the case base is ejected.
Eine Übungspatrone mit den eingangs und im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 erwähnten Merkmalen ist in der Druckschrift CH-A- 543 724 beschrieben. Bei dieser bekannten Übungspatrone ist der Hülsenboden fest mit der Patronenhülse verbunden, so daß ein Auswerfen des Hülsenbodens allein nicht möglich ist.A practice cartridge with the features mentioned in the preamble of
In der EP-A- 0 056 076 ist ein Ausbildungsschießgerät für Kanonen, Geschütze oder dgl. beschrieben, bei dem eine unterkalibrige Patrone in eine vollkalibrige Kartuschenstummelhülse eingesetzt und mit dieser zusammen in das Gerät eingebracht wird. Nach der simulierten Schußabgabe wird die Kartuschenstummelhülse ausgeworfen. Bei diesem Gerät ist keine vollkalibrige Patronenhülse und kein vollkalibriges Geschoßteil vorhanden, so daß auch diese Übungspatrone nicht den realen Bedingungen entspricht.EP-A-0 056 076 describes a training shooting device for cannons, guns or the like in which a sub-caliber cartridge is inserted into a full-caliber cartridge stub sleeve and is inserted into the device together with it. After the simulated firing, the cartridge stub sleeve is ejected. There is no full-caliber cartridge case and no full-caliber projectile part in this device, so that this practice cartridge does not correspond to the real conditions either.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Übungspatrone mit den oben und im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen, die vor dem Ladevorgang in ihren Außenabmessungen, dem Gewicht und der Schwerpunktslage der Original-Munition entspricht und die nach dem simulierten Abschuß so geteilt wird, daß lediglich der Hülsenboden ausgeworfen wird, der die gleichen Abmessungen aufweist wie bei einem realen Abschuß.The invention has for its object a training cartridge with the features specified above and in the preamble of
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen aus dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1.This object is achieved according to the invention with the features from the characterizing part of
Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Übungspatrone sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous embodiments of the exercise cartridge according to the invention are described in the subclaims.
Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, den Hülsenboden mit der Patronenhülse derart lösbar zu verbinden, daß er nach den simulierten Abfeuern von der Patronenhülse getrennt wird und durch den Rücklauf der Waffe in den Hülsenkasten ausgeworfen wird. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, auch den Ladeschützen in die Ausbildung der Turmbesatzung wirklichkeitsnah einzubeziehen und zu trainieren. Insbesondere kann das Laden sowie auch das Entladen bei "Zündversagern der Waffenanlage entsprechend den Reglementen durchgeführt werden.The basic idea of the invention is to releasably connect the case base to the cartridge case in such a way that it is separated from the cartridge case after the simulated firing and is ejected by the return of the weapon in the case case. In this way it is possible to include the loaders in the training of the tower crew in a realistic manner and to train them. In particular, loading and unloading can be carried out in the event of "failure of the weapon system in accordance with the regulations.
Ein besonderer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Übungspatrone besteht darin, daß sie mehrfach genutzt werden kann, wobei der Hülsenboden nach dem Abschuß wieder in die Patronenhülse eingeführt und durch Drücken und Drehen von Hand gesichert und verriegelt wird.A particular advantage of the practice cartridge according to the invention is that it can be used several times, the sleeve base being reinserted into the cartridge sleeve after firing and secured and locked by pressing and turning by hand.
Der insbesondere in den Unteransprüchen beschriebene Verriegelungsmechanismus zeichnet sich u.a. dadurch aus, daß er die Beschleunigungskräfte der Patronenhülse in axialer Richtung, wie sie beim Einschieben in den Waffensimulator auftreten, problemlos aufnimmt.The locking mechanism described in particular in the subclaims is characterized inter alia. characterized in that it easily absorbs the acceleration forces of the cartridge case in the axial direction, as they occur when inserted into the weapon simulator.
Im folgenden wird anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Übungspatrone nach der Erfindung näher erläutert.In the following, an embodiment for an exercise cartridge according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In den Zeichnungen zeigen:
- Fig. 1 und 2
- Übungspatronen unterschiedlicher Bauart;
- Fig. 3
- in gegenüber Fig. 1 und 2 vergrößerter Darstellung einen Längsschnitt durch den hinteren Teil der Patronenhülse einer Übungspatrone nach Fig. 1 oder 2 mit dem Hülsenboden und der in der Patronenhülse angeordneten Verriegelungsvorrichtung für den Hülsenboden.
- 1 and 2
- Practice cartridges of various types;
- Fig. 3
- in an enlarged representation compared to FIGS. 1 and 2, a longitudinal section through the rear part of the cartridge case of an exercise cartridge according to FIG. 1 or 2 with the case base and the locking device for the case base arranged in the case.
Wie aus Fig. 1 und 2 ersichtlich, besteht eine übliche Übungspatrone, die einem realen Geschoß nachgebildet ist, jeweils aus einem Geschoßteil 5, der an einer Patronenhülse 1 angeordnet ist, die an ihrem hinteren Ende einen Hülsenboden 3 aufweist.As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, a conventional practice cartridge, which is modeled on a real projectile, consists in each case of a
Der Hülsenboden 3 ist über eine weiter unten erläuterte, in der Patronenhülse 1 angeordnete und von außen entriegelbare Verriegelungsvorrichtung lösbar mit der Patronenhülse 1 verbunden.The
Fig. 3 zeigt das hintere Ende der Patronenhülse 1 mit dem Hülsenboden 3, der einen Arretierungsbolzen 3.1 aufweist, welcher auf der Längsachse der Hülse 1 in diese hineingeführt ist und an seinem vorderen Ende durch eine Verriegelungsvorrichtung festgehalten wird. Die Verriegelungsvorrichtung besitzt ein mit der Hülse fest verbundenes Aufnahmeteil 2.2, an dem in radialer Richtung verschiebbar und um 180° gegeneinander versetzt zwei Verriegelungselemente 2.8 angeordnet sind, welche in der Verriegelungsstellung unter der Kraft von Druckfedern 2.6 in eine am vorderen Ende des Arretierungsbolzens 3.1 angeordnete Umfangsnut 3.2 eingreifen. Die Anordnung und Ausbildung der Verriegelungselemente 2.8 ist derart, daß die hohen Beschleunigungskräfte der Patronenhülse 1 in axialer Richtung beim Einschieben der Patrone von ihnen aufgenommen werden. Die Führung der Verriegelungselemente 2.8 erfolgt über an ihnen befestigte Bolzen 2.5, welche in einem Segment 2.4 gleitend gehaltert sind, das am Aufnahmeteil 2.2 angeschraubt ist.Fig. 3 shows the rear end of the
Zur Entriegelung dienen mit nach hinten weisenden Anlaufschrägen versehene Führungselemente 2.3, die einstückig mit den Verriegelungselementen 2.8 verbunden sind und die mit Anlaufschrägen zusammenwirken, welche am vorderen Ende des Innenteils 2 einer Entriegelungshülse angeordnet sind. Dieses Innenteil 2 liegt in der Patronenhülse 1 koaxial zum Arretierbolzen 3.1 diesen umfassend und ist gegen die Kraft einer Druckfeder 2.7 nach vorne in Richtung auf die Verriegelungselemente 2.8 verschiebbar. An seinem hinteren Ende ist das Innenteil der Entriegelungshülse mit einem ebenfalls koaxial angeordneten Außenteil 2.1 verbunden, das zwischen der Patronenhülse 1 und dem Hülsenboden 3 angeordnet ist und als Entriegelungsglied ausgebildet ist derart, daß eine am nicht dargestellten Munitionsschlitten des Waffensimulators angeordnete und ebenfalls nicht dargestellte Klinke in den vertieft ausgebildeten Abschnitt des Außenteils 2.1 beim Vorlauf des Munitionsschlittens eingreifen kann und das Außenteil 2.1 und damit auch das Innenteil 2 der Entriegelungshülse gegen die Kraft der Druckfeder 2.7 verschiebt. Dies hat zur Folge, daß aufgrund des Zusammenwirkens der Anlaufflächen die Verriegelungselemente 2.8 gegen die Kraft der Druckfedern 2.6 nach außen verschoben werden und der Arretierungsbolzen 3.1 freigegeben und damit der Hülsenboden 3 von der Patronenhülse 1 getrennt wird.Guide elements 2.3, which are provided with rear-facing bevels, are used for unlocking, which are made in one piece are connected to the locking elements 2.8 and interact with bevels which are arranged at the front end of the inner part 2 of an unlocking sleeve. This inner part 2 lies in the
An der Verriegelungsvorrichtung ist weiterhin eine Verdrehsicherung angeordnet, die einen in dem Aufnahmeteil 2.2 in axialer Richtung geführten Kulissenstein 4.1 aufweist, der unter der Kraft einer Druckfeder 4.2 in eine am Kopf des Arretierungsbolzens 3.1 angeordnete Radialnut 3.4 eingreift.Arranged on the locking device is furthermore an anti-rotation device which has a sliding block 4.1 guided in the receiving part 2.2 in the axial direction, which engages under the force of a compression spring 4.2 in a radial groove 3.4 arranged on the head of the locking bolt 3.1.
Das Ansetzen des Hülsenbodens 3 an die Patronenhülse 1 erfolgt in der Weise, daß der Arretierungsbolzen 3.1 in das Innenteil 2 der Entriegelungshülse eingeschoben wird, wobei durch die am vorderen Ende des Arretierungsbolzens 3.1 angeordnete Anlaufschräge 3.3 die Verriegelungselemente 2.8 zunächst auseinandergeschoben werden und dann unter der Wirkung der Druckfedern 2.6 in die Umfangsnut 3.2 einrasten. Durch Drehung des Hülsenbodens 3 wird erreicht, daß der Kulissenstein 4.1 der Verdrehsicherung 4 in die Radialnut 3.4 am Kopf des Arretierungsbolzens 3.1 einrastet und den Hülsenboden 3 gegen Verdrehen sichert.The
Claims (6)
- Training cartridge for weapon simulators, especially on training installations for battle tanks, with a projectile part arranged on a cartridge case which has a case bottom at its rear end, characterized in that the case bottom (3) is releasably connected to the cartridge case (1) via a locking device (2.8) which is arranged in the cartridge case (1) and which can be unlocked from outside, an unlocking member (2.1) being arranged on the outside of the cartridge case (1) in such a way that unlocking takes place as a result of the ammunition transport on the weapon simulator.
- Training cartridge according to Claim 1, characterized in that the case bottom (3) is connected to the cartridge case (1) via a retaining pin (3.1) arranged in the longitudinal axis of the cartridge case (1), the front end of the retaining pin (3.1) engaging into the locking device (2.8), and the unlocking member (2.1) being designed as an outer part, arranged between the cartridge case (1) and case bottom (3), of an unlocking sleeve, the inner part (2) of which is arranged displaceably counter to spring force (2.7) in the cartridge case (1) coaxially with the retaining pin (3.1) in a manner surrounding the latter, in such a way that, during the advance of the ammunition slide of the weapon simulator, a pawl arranged on the ammunition slide and engaging into a recess of the outer part (2.1) causes a displacement of the unlocking sleeve into an unlocking position freeing the retaining pin (3.1).
- Training cartridge according to Claim 2, characterized in that the locking device has two locking elements (2.8) which are displaceable radially relative to the longitudinal axis of the cartridge case (1) and engage under spring force (2.6) into a circumferential groove (3.2) arranged at the front end of the retaining pin (3.1) and on which are arranged guide elements (2.3) having run-on slopes cooperating with correspondingly designed run-on slopes which are arranged at the front end of the inner part (2) of the unlocking sleeve, in such a way that, during a forward displacement of the unlocking sleeve into the unlocking position, the locking elements (2.8) are pressed outwards counter to the spring force (2.6).
- Training cartridge according to Claim 3, characterized in that the locking elements (2.8) are arranged radially displaceably and circumferentially offset at 180° relative to one another on a receiving part (2.2) arranged in the cartridge case (1) and are guided by means of guide pins (2.5) which are firmly connected to the locking elements and which are held slidingly in a segment (2.4) connected to the receiving part (2.2).
- Training cartridge according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the retaining pin (3.1) has a run-on slope (3.3) at the front end.
- Training cartridge according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the locking device has a safeguard (4) against the rotation of the case bottom (3), with a radial groove (3.4) which is arranged on the head of the retaining pin (3.1) and into which a sliding block (4.7) guided in the receiving part (2.2) engages under spring force (4.2).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3910594A DE3910594A1 (en) | 1989-04-01 | 1989-04-01 | TRAINING CARTRIDGE FOR WEAPON SIMULATORS, ESPECIALLY AT TRAINING SYSTEMS FOR FIGHTING ARMOR |
| DE3910594 | 1989-04-01 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0390968A2 EP0390968A2 (en) | 1990-10-10 |
| EP0390968A3 EP0390968A3 (en) | 1991-04-03 |
| EP0390968B1 true EP0390968B1 (en) | 1994-01-05 |
Family
ID=6377634
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89119311A Expired - Lifetime EP0390968B1 (en) | 1989-04-01 | 1989-10-17 | Training cartridge for weapon simulators, especially for use in training installations for tanks |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0390968B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3910594A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH543724A (en) * | 1972-09-27 | 1973-10-31 | Eidg Konstruktionswerkstaette | Loading training cartridge for guns and process for their manufacture |
| DE3048620A1 (en) * | 1980-12-23 | 1982-07-22 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | TRAINING SHOOTING DEVICE FOR CANNONS, PROTECTIVE OR THE LIKE |
| DE3339745C2 (en) * | 1983-11-03 | 1986-10-02 | Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Gmbh, 7238 Oberndorf | Adaptation cartridge for insert pipe system |
-
1989
- 1989-04-01 DE DE3910594A patent/DE3910594A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-10-17 DE DE89119311T patent/DE58906646D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-17 EP EP89119311A patent/EP0390968B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE58906646D1 (en) | 1994-02-17 |
| DE3910594A1 (en) | 1990-10-04 |
| EP0390968A3 (en) | 1991-04-03 |
| EP0390968A2 (en) | 1990-10-10 |
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